COURSE DIPLOMA IN ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING (CONTROL)

COURSE CODE DUW10022

NAME MUHAMMAD HARISH DANIAL BIN SHARUL MAZNAN

MATRIX NO 08DJK21F1059

TITLE INITIATES INCIDENT HAZARD,RISKS AND SAFE WORK PRACTICES IN ORDER

MAINTAIN HEALTH AND SAFE WORK ENVIRONMENT

DATE 13/12/2021
SUBMITTED
LECTURER PN ZAITON BINTI TAAT
NAME

MARKS
QUESTION :
You as a safety manager in a paper production industry (or any other
industry) are required to plan and design regarding safety and health
involving the Malayisan firefighter .Hold meetings with committee on
safety planning and emergency evacuation plans to ensure that the
training is held to archieve the objectives set by your company.Based on
your meeting,write a case study report.
a)Fire safety plan
b)Organization of ERT
c)Fire control method
d)Fire protection method
e)Emergency evacuation plan
f)Layout to assembly point
FIRE SAFETY PLAN:
A plan which provides occupant information for control of fire hazards,
maintenance of fire protection systems, and evacuation procedures for their
building.
Fire Prevention
The most important part of any fire safety plan is going to be focused on
preventing fires. It is far easier to prevent a fire from occurring than it is to respond
to one once it has happened. Fire prevention steps can include things like making
sure that no objects are put on machinery that gets heated, making sure cooling
vents are clear, taking care with flammable products, and much more. The
specifics the prevention steps will depend almost entirely on what type of activities
take place in a given facility.

Responding to a Fire
When a fire does occur it is important to ensure everything possible is done to first
get everyone in the area to safety, and second, protect the facility and surrounding
environment. For most people this will mean escaping the building in the safest
way possible. It is almost always necessary to have multiple escape routes for all
areas of a facility so that employees aren’t left trapped in an area that is cut off by
the fire.

Another important piece of this part of a fire safety plan is communicating with the
local fire departments. Facilities that use hazardous materials will want to notify
the fire department ahead of time that these hazards are present. This will help to
ensure they are able to respond and be ready for the situation should it become
necessary.

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ORGANIZATION OF ERT
FIRE CONTROL METHOD :
Class A
A Class A Fire is a fire that consist of paper, wood, and plastics, which
is one of the most common and simplest fires to put out with a fire
extinguisher.[6] This class of fire can simply be started as a lightning
strike that hits a tree or from a backyard campfire that releases an ash
that ignites nearby material.
The most common method to control a Class-A fire is to remove heat by
spraying the burning solid fuels with water. Another control method
would be to reduce the oxygen content in the immediate vicinity of the
fire (i.e., "smother" the fire), such as by the introduction of an inert gas
such as carbon dioxide.
In a wildfire, fire control includes various wildland fire suppression
techniques such as defensible space, widening the fuel ladder, and
removing fuel in the fire's path with firebreaks and backfires to minimize
the brush fire reaching new combustible fuel and spreading further.
For a class A fire we use a Class A fire extinguisher to extinguish the
fire. Class A fire extinguishers are used so one can smother the fire. The
specific chemicals used are phosphate and monoammonium. Spray and
sway from the base.

Class B
Many Class B fires (hydrocarbons, petroleum, and similar fuels) cannot
be efficiently controlled with water because fuels with a density less
than water, such as gasoline or oil, float on water, resulting in the fire
continuing to burn the fuel on top of the water. The configuration of
some fuels, such as coal and baled waste paper, result in a deep seated

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and burrowing fire, resulting in less effective fire control by the
application of water on the outer surfaces of the fuel.[7] Class B fires
should be extinguished with foam, powder, or carbon dioxide
extinguishers. Some Class-B fires can be controlled with the application
of chemical fire suppressants. Applying a combination of fire
suppressant foam mixed with water is a common and effective method
of forming a blanket on top of the liquid fuel, which eliminates the
oxygen needed for combustion.[7]

Class C
Class-C fires involve electricity as a continuous power source for the
ignition of the fuels associated with electrical equipment, such as plastic
cable jackets. The application of water does not always result in
effective fire control, and there is a general concern regarding
conductivity and personnel safety, possibly resulting in electrical shock.
Class C fires can be effectively controlled by removing the oxygen with
a dry powder or carbon dioxide, dry chemical ABC extinguisher.[7] The
source of electricity also needs to be removed to eliminate re-ignition.
Once the electricity is removed, the result is a Class A or B fire, where
foam or dry chemical powder can be used to further control the fire.[7]

For electrical fires, one must always cut the source of electricity if safe
to do so. We use a Class C fire extinguisher that has Both
monoammonium phosphate and sodium bicarbonate. Spray and sway
from the base left to right.
Class D
Class-D fires include combustible metals which include potassium,
uranium, sodium, lithium, calcium, and plutonium. The most common
fires that occur for Class D are magnesium and titanium. The best way
to extinguish a Class-D fire is to use a dry powder fire extinguisher. By
using the powder extinguisher, it smothers the fire along with absorbing
the heat that the fire produces and causes the fire to be extinguished.

Class K
Class-K fires include cooking oils and grease fires, for example animal
and vegetable fats. When cooking in the kitchen, it is extremely
important to understand what a class K fire is. When a class K fire
occurs, water should not be used, as it will disperse the material and
cause the fire to grow rapidly. The correct fire extinguisher to use in this
instance is the Class K fire extinguisher which is the wet chemical fire
extinguisher.

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Ventilation;
Fires can spread through the interior of a structure as the hot gases
spread due to the expansion of the gases as a result of the combustion.
Some fires can be partially controlled by venting these gases to the
outside through manufactured heat vents in the structure's roof, or by the
fire department cutting holes in the roof. Ventilation is important when it
comes to the fire service, since it is "the systematic removal or heat,
smoke and fire gases from a structure". The main purpose for ventilating
a fire is to decrease the likelihood of a flashover from occurring.[10] The
best time to ventilate is before sending anyone into a structure so that the
path the fire will take is through the roof and not through the front door
when firefighters open it, allowing more oxygen to feed the fire.

FIRE PROTECTION METHOD:

Wet Fire Sprinkler System

– The wet-pipe system employs automatic sprinklers attached to a piping

system connected to a water supply. The water discharges immediately
from sprinklers opened by a fire. Only those sprinklers which have been
operated by heat over the fire will discharge water.
Dry Pipe Systems
– The dry-pipe system employs automatic sprinklers attached to a piping
system containing air or nitrogen under pressure. When released, the
water flows into the piping system and discharges only from those
sprinklers which have been operated by the fire. Dry-pipe systems are
installed in lieu of wet-pipe systems where piping is subject to freezing

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Special Hazard Fire Protection Systems
– Special systems are designed to detect and extinguish fires in locations
where standard suppression systems are not appropriate or adequate.

Dry Chemical Fire Suppression Systems

– Pressured dry chemicals, used in conjunction with the proper detection
system, can extinguish a fire before it becomes detectable to the eye,
thus protecting resources from damage and businesses from any major
interruptions
EMERGENCY EVACUATION PLAN

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LAYOUT TO ASSEMBLY POINT
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