IoT Applications — Value Creation

for Industry
IoT Applications
 IoT technologies capable to improve and easy adapt…….
 Industrial manufacturing processes,
 enable new and efficient ways to do operate and interact in production plants,
 create new service or supervision means for industrial installations offer an optimized
infrastructure,
 reduce operational cost and energy  consumption or improve human safety in industrial areas.

Value and Benefit

 Value from visibility identification, location tracking
 Value form IoT-supported safety in hard industrial environments
 Value from right information providing or collecting
 Value form improved industrial operation and flows in industry
 Value from reduced production losses
 Value from reduced energy consumption
 Value from new type of processes made possible by IoT  applications
 Value form new type of maintenance and lifetime approaches
 Value enabled by smart objects, connected aspects
 Value from sustainability.

IoT applications requirements and capabilities

Reliability : Reliable IoT devices and systems should allow a continuous operation of industrial
processes and perform on-site activities .
Robustness.:The IoT application and devices should be robust and adapted to the task and hard working
conditions.

 Reasonable cost:  Cost aspects are essential and should be fully justifiable and adapted to the benefit. It
is basically about the right balance between cost and benefit rather than low cost.
Security and safety.:Security requirements are related to the cyber security threats and have to be part of
the entire security strategy of the company.
Safety is mainly related to the device construction and the area of use.

Optimal and adaptive set of features:  The IoT application should allow to perform desired task with
the sufficient, not-richer-then-necessary, set of features
Low/No maintenance. : Maintenance free or reduced maintenance IoT applications and  devices over
operational life would be ideal. Maintenance over lifetime is an important aspect impacting the life cycle
costs of IoT based solutions.
Standardization:  IoT devices and applications should be using a set of standards to support
interoperability of IoT devices, easy exchange and multivendor possibilities.   Integration
capabilities: Easy integration in the IT and automation and process landscape of the industrial plant are
required and may decide if a IoT solution will be used.

Reach sensing and data capabilities:  IoT applications will relay more and more on complex sensing
allowing distributed  supervision and data collection and data capabilities.

Challenges faced by IoT industry applications

Here are some of the biggest challenges fced by the industry related IoT applications:

 IoT device technical challenges

 Lifetime and energy challenge
 Data and information challenge
 Humans and business
 Security, Trust and Privacy
 Evolving architectures

5 value-creation layers for IoT applications

Smart, connected products are hybrids, because they are composed from parts of the physical and digital
world. As a result, in the Internet of Things, the business model inevitably mixes patterns of the digital
and the physical (non-digital) world together.

Value-creation layers at an Internet of Things application

Layer 1 – Physical Thing

The physical components of an application, in this example the connection plug, are the value-creation
layer. On this layer the first tangible benefit is revealed to the user. In the current example, this is limited
to connecting another device such as a fan heater to the connector plug. Due to is physical nature, the
range of action of the connector plug at this layer is limited to its immediate surroundings.
Layer 2 – Sensor / Actor
On layer 2, the physical thing is enhanced with a microprocessor, sensors and actuators, allowing local
data to be captured and local actions to be performed. The benefit for the user can thus be significantly
increased in relation to layer 1, but is still limited to the immediate environment. [1]

The “smart” connector plug used as an example has sensors for measuring the temperature, brightness,
noise level and energy consumption of the device connected to it. It also has the ability to switch the
power supply of a connected device on and off. In combination with an electric fan heater, for example, a
holiday home can be protected from frost damage. The ambient temperature is permanently monitored by
the temperature sensor. If required, the actuator activates the energy supply of the fan heater and thus
creates a local benefit.

Layer 3 – Connectivity
This level gives the lower levels access to the Internet. This enables global access to the sensors and
actors. The GSM modem built into the “smart” connector plug from the current example allows
authorized users worldwide access to the data at negligible marginal costs.

Layer 4 – Analytics
Connectivity on it own does not yet create any value. From layer 4 upwards the sensor data are collected,
stored, checked for plausibility, classified and linked with data from other online services and the values
for the actuators can be calculated. This Is typically done in the cloud.

In the example of the “smart” connector plug this means following for layer 4. If several “smart”
connectors are used in a holiday home, the switch-on and switch-off times of the various fan heaters are
stored. The other measured sensor values (brightness and noise level) are evaluated to detect an intruder
and the energy consumption of the individual fan heaters is recorded.

Layer 5 – Digital Service

On this layer, digital services are created that can be provided globally in the form of a smartphone
application or a web service. They combine the possibilities and functions provided by layer 1 to 4 and
are thus inseparably linked to the data generating, smart, connected products. The characteristics of a
digital business models apply to these digital services.

On this layer, in combination with the Smartphone application, does the “smart” connector plug become
an alarm and monitoring system that, in addition to protecting the holiday home form frost damage, can
also inform the user about the current state (e.g. temperature and energy consumption) and unauthorized
intrusion. If a siren is connected to the “smart” connector instead of the fan heater, the burglar can be
driven away by the generated noise. All these functions are available at negligible marginal costs.

The bidirectional arrows in the 5 value-creation layers indicate that the individual layers cannot be created
independently of each other. With a high-quality IoT application, the integration extends down to the
level of the physical components and thus represents more than a mere addition of the individual layers.
A separated consideration would make various attractive digital services impossible, which is why the
development of hardware for smart, connected products is increasingly determined by the digital layer
above them. The intertwining of the development of hardware and digital services is therefore becoming
increasingly important.
 IoT for the Retailing Industry: What can the shopping
basket tell?
 IoT has changed the retailing industry significantly.
 There are four broad IoT application areas within the retailing industry.
1. Sensors fitted in the refrigerator and other electronic devices can save a huge amount of energy for the
retailers. This way the retailers can reduce their carbon footprint which will lead to better customer
loyalty.
2. Installing CCTV cameras for video analysis can trigger real-time automated alerts which can help the
retailer to provide stuff to the customers in urgent need. It will lead to better customer experience,
effective labor utilization and will ultimately increase sales.
3. IoT sensors can enable the dynamic re-routing of delivery vans based on the weather forecast and live
traffic updates. Retailers can get better visibility into the inventory using the RFID tags. This all result in
cost saving and improved customer satisfaction.
4. Using in-store sensors and video analysis, the retailer can understand customer hot spots,flow pattern and
purchase timings. This way the retailer can keep the things together which is often bought by customers
together. This is called market basket analysis. It will increase the revenue for sure.
 So, using IoT retailers can gain a deeper understanding of customer’s path to purchase, shopping
habits that can be used in a variety of ways to optimize various customer touch points and build
strong brand perceptions.
 Latest technologies like RFID, NFC, Big Data. Sensors, cloud computing etc. have provided
opportunities to redefine retail stores like never before.

Four Aspects in your Business to Master IoT

Here are the four aspects of the business to Master IoT:

1. Technology:
  The internet and its technology are offering an established platform for interconnecting billion things —
  from tiny sensors, smart phones, PCs, to high performance computers.

- IoT will offer a huge global platform to connect smartphones, sensors, actuators and possibly every
physical device connected to the internet.

- Companies are adapting to open standards for developing newer systems.

- Because of that, the business has moved to system and software platforms on the internet.

2. Business Innovation:
The spirit of internet business models is turning up in traditional product business.

- The combination of people and smart objects in an enterprise will lead to innovation in business models.
- The internet business models are already taking over traditional methods in some organizations

3.  Market:
Different industries meet the first time as the Internet of Things & Services crosscuts some of today’s
separate markets.

- IoT has crosscut many industries and that is why they meet in the market for the first time.

- They co-operate in developing business products and increase overall sales.

- IoT has brought together many separate industries in order to make more benefits.

4. Competencies:
  Software and system competencies linked to deep domain knowledge and enlightened with creativity are
the core for innovation in technology and business.

- So, these are te four main aspects of the business to master IoT

Future factory Concepts:

 The convergence of physical and virtual world has given a rise to smart factories.
 The future factories will use artificial intelligence, IoT, M2M, machine learning and many other
advanced concepts.
 It will totally change how products are invented, manufactured and shipped.
 Using IoT in factories will increase the safety of the workers of the factory.
 It will reduce the emissions of harmful gases. Thus, it will help heal the environment.
 Manufacturing has made huge progress in recent years.
 The automation levels have increased in developments of every product.
 This has led to factories meeting the demands of customers in quick successions.
 IoT will help manufacturers to manage their supply chains better.
 It will also help them to optimize their inventories so that the production cost can be reduced.
 IoT can help monitor the status of the machinery in real-time
 In short, the manufacturers can take care of what is happening at every point in the production
process.
 Production of smart products will increase.
 Smart products generally have three components: a. Physical components, b. Smart components
and c. Connectivity components.
 However, as the factories will merge physical and virtual worlds, the system will also hav to take
care of the security and confidentiality.
 The following diagram shows the future factory concept:
IoT in oil and gas industry:
The Internet of Things (IoT) in the oil & gas industry is the network of physical objects connected
to the Internet. Wearable devices, vehicles, equipment, buildings, and just about any other thing can
be embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity.

Using the IoT in Oil and Gas for Optimization:

Oil and gas companies have plenty of opportunities to use IoT technology for production and
equipment optimization. One example is managing wells in remote areas. “Once a resource is found
in a remote area, a company only has a limited amount of time during the year to do certain things,”
Towner explained. For example, the ground may be frozen for most of the year. Insights from sensor
data can help companies plan preventive maintenance when the ground is thawed.  

Need of IoT in oil and gas industry:

 Unconventional resources challenge the oil industry.
 Exploration and development of oil and gas reservoirs require new sensors, analytics, and
processes.
 System requires better connectivity, monitoring and control and process automations.
 Process industry in general and oil and gas, in particular, put special requirements on field
devices.
 It is a challenge to develop a field device that not only is easy to install and maintain, have a long
enough life length but also withstand this tough environment.
 At a time when well drilling and completion complexities are increasing and field experts are
becoming scarcer, automation offers many benefits.
 Besides capturing domain knowledge, automation increases safety and decreases personnel time
onsite and therefore lowers the cost.
 A large field of wells can produce a massive amount of valuable information. The results include
better assert utilization, reduced effluents, and fast production.
 Some of the small AC motors or an oil rig is highly critical with respect to regularity, some are
critical with respect to safety if for instance placed in an explosion-prone zone.
 Large machines are always monitored but there is “run to failure” policy applied to small AC
motors.
 WiMon 100 is a battery operated the device with an expected lifetime of five years.
 Due to the cost efficiency, small size and ease of installation and commissioning of the WiMon
100 sensors, online vibration monitoring can now be realized for all typs of rotating machines.
 WiMon 100 unit contains a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, a long-life battery and
communicating wireless HART.
 The WiMon data manager handles data acquisition and storage as well as provide UI for
commissioning, configuration, machine supervision and network operation.

Value Creation from BigData and Serialization:

The analysis of Big Data provides an improved opportunity to customize product-market offerings to
specified segments of customers in order to increase revenues. Data about user or customer behavior
makes it possible to build different customer profiles that can be targeted accordingly.

 Serialization is the process of transforming data entities into bytes for persistence or
transportation from one machine to another over a network.
 Serialization engine provides the ability to serialize the de-serialize data; it is required to
exchange messages between machines and for persisting them.
 Serialized identifiers to build IoT are as important as IP is to the web.
 Big data cannot be handled or processed using traditional databases and conventional tools. It
required exceptional technologies.
 Technologies applied to big data have distributed file systems, distributed database, parallel
processing database, and data mining grids, internet and scalable storage systems.
 These technologies are linked with natural as well as business environment.
 Big data is characterized by 4 vs: volume, velocity, variety, and veracity.
 One example of big data is the data generated from RFID and sensors in medical devices and
pharmaceutical manufacturing organizations. The volume of this data will be huge.
 The pharmaceutical industry has always struggled to keep track of the products distributed to
different shops.
 This problem gets bigger when the products across international borders.
 So, the industries need serialization to solve this problem.
 It will generate huge data sets and will require significant investment.
 However, this much data will surely provide insights into business and provide valuable
information.
  Thus, creating global, scalable serialization architecture to manage a complete end-to-end
business process is critical.
 Supply chain management has some issue like load balancing, route planning, warehouse
management, distribution network design etc. too.
 Product identifiers can come handy in solving this issue.
 There can be issues like legal information and finance.
 Legal information issues include the questions of justification over data and ownership of
data.
 Finance issues are also there for manufacturing, distribution, monitoring, delivery etc. using
IoT devices require massive investment.

IoT Application in eHealth:

IoT will make a huge impact on the healthcare sector. These are some of the application of IoT in
eHealth:

1. There will be remote monitoring systems and emergency notification system. These systems will
help the patient measure blood pressure level and heart rate by wearing IoT devices. There will be
more advanced devices to monitor specialized implants in future.
2. There will be real-time location monitoring system which helps the doctor check patient’s
location and reach immediately in case of emergency. Wheelchairs, nebulizers, pumps etc. can be
tagged and reached easily with the help of IoT.
3. The patient’s data will be uploaded to the cloud so that every medical person can find it easily
without patient’s help. IoT promises to bring down the cost of medical services and improve the
quality. It will help the doctors reach patients faster and it will be affordable to the patients too.
4. IoT will also help in the research area in the healthcare sector. The researcher will be able to find
a lot of new things and concepts which they can make reachable to patients using IoT devices.
For examples, there are wearable devices for dementia patients who have a habit of forgetting
thing, app for patients to guide them about their medicine dose etc.
5. There will be IoT devices which measure patient’s condition and provide accurate diet plans and
exercise schedules for each individual.
 So, these were some of the few huge applications of IoT in healthcare.
 There are a lot of issues that the manufacturer will have to face in order to achieve this.
 Some of the issues are:
 Meeting the demand for number of resources.
 Motivate people to share their medical information online.
 Keep the services at reasonable cost
 Real timeliness
 Developing smart hospitals.
https://www.peerbits.com/blog/internet-of-things-healthcare-applications-benefits-and-challenges.html

Smart Home Iot Applications

We all are experiencing new things every single day as time passes. Of all, most come with the
invention of the computer and the arrival of the internet. The more we rely on them the easier things
get. Nevertheless, as we all know, new things bring new challenges.

In a way of starting a new era, Internet of Things as a term has hopped into our lives and started to
dominate the field pretty well. In every facet of life, we can come across with the smart home IoT
applications, but how many of us are familiar with the concept? Not much, huh? So, let’s have a look.
What is IoT Smart Home?

IoT Smart Home

It is necessary to start with the question “what is IoT smart home?”. In the modern world, electronic
devices and machines take over the job from humans’ shoulders. Since saving time for other things is
now possible with this, we rearrange the way how we live. We reset our schedules. Now we have
more time to create.
But in time, to rely on too many devices triggers the necessity of controlling them without making an
extra effort or wasting time. Therefore, we have started to talk about new concepts like a smart home.
Creating a smart home enables us to control all the devices we have remotely by using a network
system in which we can assign a task to be done later.

The Emergence of Smart Home System 

If we need to look back on the smart home system, it can be said that every single move to carry us a
step further on living with the machines has contributed to reaching this point as we are now in.
Human beings adopted a settled life, and they have been upgrading their way of living since then.
They have been trying to find an easier way of doing things. In fact, laziness took the lead, and still,
have an impact on it. So of course, it has been inevitable to come up with an invention for each. And
this is how we met with home appliances. During the times of the Industrial Revolution, the first one
was introduced.  After that, the evolution of the appliances began.

As for home automation technology, the need for it was felt around the 1960s before Echo IV was
created. But not until 1998, it was popular. Before the appliances we now have, humans spent much
more time to finish a task. Washing dishes, cleaning the house, doing laundry, preparing and mixing
ingredients for a meal, etc. took so many hours in a day than it should be.

Considering the fact that all these are daily housework, it is easy to say that housekeeping is a huge
burden on the households’ shoulders. To prevent this and save time for better things, we needed
a smart home system to control the devices we have .
What is Smart Home Automation? 
Smart home automation is simply what we saw in science fiction. Automatic devices such as lights,
thermostat, doors or windows, and so many other things are considered as a part of a smart home.
Time switch enables us to save energy and money since sensors won’t let them be left open while we
do not use them .
Smart Home Automation Using IoT
Building smart home automation using IoT helps us manage our lives. We have already used many
devices to make it easier, but as the time flies, the main aim of the manufacturers and designers
changes their working principles into minimizing the controlling and monitoring methods for all
functions of the smart applications.
The notion “internet of things” comes into our lives and enables all devices to use internet connection
and cloud storing platforms to work wirelessly and sometimes task-based. Moreover, when it needs, to
work interactively.

The utilization of IoT on home appliances to create a smart world is a huge step and changes the view
of life in time. Because people couldn’t imagine to let some other things do their jobs before. Laundry,
for instance, now can be done before you arrive home if you set a watch for it to start to work.

When sensors are attached to them, the appliances designed by the intent of the smart home concept
are able to be used without touching. We can control the system with the help of the applications on
smartphones or other devices as well as with the voice recognition option.

Using Smart Home App 
Smart home systems require the utilization of smart home app. As all we know, we are sharing our
lives with mobile phones and other electronic devices. We already adapt to the world which we dabble
in the machines and the applications of all kinds.
Every development in the smart home business has been a transition stage for humans. We are familiar
with mobile applications and using them to monitor or manage things. So, we are ready to use basic
applications for our smart home appliances.
Methods for Smart Home Control 
There are so many choices when it comes to smart home control methods. Designers and
manufacturers use technological developments to improve the existing system. One of them is to hire
a voice assistant for your homes. This is not a new way of controlling devices but there have been
huge improvements since it was first used. Herewith, you can work handsfree and control all the
gadgets you have. Or you can use a tablet for it as a second method.
The tablet should be assigned for the smart home appliances to be able to be used for a much longer
time. Screen touches can make things easier and more organized if you download all the app on your
device for your gadgets. Smarthome hubs can do the job as well. If you get sick of using different
kinds of an app for your different kinds of devices of yours, then the hubs suit you. Because it enables
us to control all with one single interface. Plus, they are good at multiple and complicated tasks, too.

Smart Home Solutions for the Future 

Yes, we are enjoying the smart home appliances we have now. But how about tomorrow? What
awaits us in the future? There have been some given smart home solutions for the existing or
potential circumstances in the future. These are just predictions now, but it is the first step of the birth
of a new concept: to dream. As time passes, more manufacturers invest in smart home business.
According to this, it can be said that living with smart gadgets will become ordinary.
To avoid chaos considering this, we need to take care of security problems since our privacy is already
at risk. More kitchen devices are expected to be used remotely and time adjusted. Above all, energy
and cost-efficient devices will be early in the list.

https://www.digiteum.com/iot-smart-home-automation/