PROJECT CLAID (Contextualized and Localized Activities Intended for Distance Learning)

Name: _________________________________ Date: __________ Score: _______

MATHEMATICS 10
Quarter 2 – Week 5

Competencies:
1. Illustrates secants, tangents and segments of a circle
2. Proves theorems on secants, tangents and segments

Objective/s:

1. Apply theorems to find the measure of an angle formed by two secants, two tangents
or a secant and a tangent
2. Apply theorems to find the measure of the intercepted arc of an angle formed by two
secants, two tangents or a secant and a tangent

Recap:
Directions: Find the measure of the angle or arc indicated.

̂ = _______
1. 𝑚𝐴𝐶 2. 𝑚∠𝐺 = ______ 3. 𝑚∠𝑀𝐿𝑁 = _____
C L
D N
P
B E K
40° 110°
G
A F
M
̂ = _______
4. 𝑚𝑅𝑇 5. 𝑚∠𝑈 = _______ V
R
48° 88°
70° T U W

S
Y
It is evident that you have gained understanding on the relationships among
arcs and inscribed angles of a circle from the previous lesson. Now you will learn different
theorems relating measures of angles formed by intersecting secants and tangents with the
measures of the intercepted arcs.

_________________________________________________________________________
1
Q 2 Week No.5 Competency Code: M10GE-IIe-1; M10GE-IIe-f-1
Competency/ies: 1. illustrates secants, tangents and segments of a circle
2. proves theorems on secants, tangents and segments
 Lesson:

A secant is a line that intersects a circle at exactly two points. A secant contains a
chord of a circle.
A secant segment is a segment that intersects a circle at exactly two points - with one
endpoint on a circle and the other endpoint outside the circle. D
Example: In the figure, ⃡𝐷𝐸 is a secant and
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐹 is a secant segment of ⊙ 𝐵. B
A E
C
F
A tangent line is a line that intersects the circle at exactly one point. The point of
intersection of the line and the circle is called the point of tangency.
A tangent segment is a segment which is part of the tangent line with one of its
endpoints is the point of tangency. P

⃡ is tangent to ⊙ 𝑂
Example: In the figure, 𝐾𝑀 O
N
and point 𝐿 is its point of tangency.
̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝑀, ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝐾 and ̅̅̅̅
𝑁𝑃 are tangent segments. M
K L

Theorems on Angles Formed by Tangents and Secants

A. Measures of Angles formed in the INTERIOR of the Circle

If two secants (or chords) intersect in the interior of the circle, then the measure of the
angle formed is equal to one-half the sum of the measures of the arcs intercepted by the
angle and its vertical angle.
A
Given: Circle 𝑂 with secants ⃡𝐴𝐵 and ⃡𝐶𝐷 intersecting at 𝐸. D
O E
1
̂ + 𝑚𝐷𝐵
𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 = (𝑚𝐴𝐶 ̂)
2 B
C
Example: If 𝑚𝐴𝐶 ̂ = 85 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚𝐷𝐵 ̂ = 43, find the measure of the following angles.
a. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 b. 𝑚∠𝐷𝐸𝐵 c. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐷
Solutions:
a. Since we are solving for 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 which is equal to 𝑚∠𝐷𝐸𝐵 because they are vertical angles,
̂ = 85 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚𝐷𝐵
then their intercepted arcs are 𝑚𝐴𝐶 ̂ = 43.
1
𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 = (𝑚𝐴𝐶 ̂ + 𝑚𝐷𝐵̂) Apply the theorem
2
1
𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 = 2
(85 + 43) Substitute
1
𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 = (128) Simplify
2
𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 = 64 Therefore, 𝒎∠𝑨𝑬𝑪 = 𝟔𝟒.

b. Since 𝑚∠𝐷𝐸𝐵 = 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 because the angles are vertical angles, then 𝒎∠𝑫𝑬𝑩 = 𝟔𝟒.
_________________________________________________________________________
2
Q 2 Week No.5 Competency Code: M10GE-IIe-1; M10GE-IIe-f-1
Competency/ies: 1. illustrates secants, tangents and segments of a circle
2. proves theorems on secants, tangents and segments
c. ∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 and ∠𝐴𝐸𝐷 form a linear pair. Thus, they are supplementary angles. That is:
𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 + 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐷 = 180
𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐷 = 180 – 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶
𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐷 = 180 – 64
𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐷 = 116 Thus, 𝒎∠𝑨𝑬𝑫 = 116.

B. Measures of Angles formed ON the Circle

If two secants or a tangent and a secant intersect at a point on the circle, then the
measure of the angle formed is equal to one-half the measure of the intercepted arc.

Case 1: Two Secants

⃡ and 𝐻𝑈
Given: Secants 𝐻𝐶 ⃡ intersecting at point 𝐻 on 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 𝑂 H
1 C
𝑚∠𝐶𝐻𝑈 = (𝑚𝐶𝑈 ̂)
2 O

U
Example: If 𝑚𝐶𝑈 ̂ = 115, find 𝑚∠𝐶𝐻𝑈.
̂ . Applying the theorem on secant-secant
Solution: The intercepted arc of ∠𝐶𝐻𝑈 is 𝐶𝑈
intersecting on the circle:
1
𝑚∠𝐶𝐻𝑈 = (𝑚𝐶𝑈 ̂) Apply the theorem
2
1
𝑚∠𝐶𝐻𝑈 = (115) Substitute
2
𝑚∠𝐶𝐻𝑈 = 57.5 Simplify
Therefore, 𝒎∠𝑪𝑯𝑼 = 𝟓𝟕. 𝟓.

Case 2: A Secant and a Tangent

Given: Secant ⃡𝑀𝑄 and tangent ⃡𝑃𝑆 intersecting at point 𝑅 on 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 𝑂.

1
̂)
𝑚∠𝑀𝑅𝑃 = (𝑚𝑀𝑁𝑅
2

Example: If 𝑚𝑀𝑁𝑅̂ = 220, find 𝑚∠𝑀𝑅𝑃.

̂ . Applying the theorem on secant-tangent
Solution: The intercepted arc of ∠𝑀𝑅𝑃 is 𝑀𝑁𝑅
intersecting on the circle:
1
𝑚∠𝑀𝑅𝑃 = 2 (𝑚𝑀𝑁𝑅̂) Apply the theorem
1
𝑚∠𝑀𝑅𝑃 = 2 (220) Substitute
𝑚∠𝑀𝑅𝑃 = 110 Simplify
Therefore, 𝒎∠𝑴𝑹𝑷 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎.

_________________________________________________________________________
3
Q 2 Week No.5 Competency Code: M10GE-IIe-1; M10GE-IIe-f-1
Competency/ies: 1. illustrates secants, tangents and segments of a circle
2. proves theorems on secants, tangents and segments
C. Measures of Angles formed in the EXTERIOR of the Circle

If two secants, two tangents or a tangent and a secant intersect in the exterior of a
circle, then the measure of the angle formed is equal to one-half the positive difference
of the measures of the intercepted arcs.
Note: The intercepted arcs of the exterior angle can be classified as Far Arc and Near Arc.

Case 1: Two secants

Given: Circle 𝑃 with secants ⃡𝑆𝐴 and ⃡𝑀𝐴 intersecting at point 𝐴
1
𝑚∠𝐴 = 2 (𝐹𝑎𝑟 𝐴𝑟𝑐 − 𝑁𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝐴𝑟𝑐)
1
̂ − 𝑚𝑅𝐵
𝑚∠𝐴 = 2 (𝑚𝑆𝑀 ̂)

Example: Find the 𝑚∠𝐴 if 𝑚𝑆𝑀 ̂ = 130 and 𝑚𝑅𝐵 ̂ = 40.

̂ (far arc) and RB
Solution: In the figure, the intercepted arcs of ∠𝐴 are SM ̂ (near arc).
1
m∠A = (mSM ̂ − mBR̂) Apply the theorem
2
1
m∠A = (130 − 40) Substitute
2
1
m∠A = (90) Simplify
2
𝑚∠𝐴 = 45 Thus, 𝒎∠𝑨 = 𝟒𝟓.

Case 2: A Secant and a Tangent

Given: Circle 𝐹 with secant ⃡𝐴𝐶 and tangent ⃡𝐴𝐵 intersecting at point 𝐴
1
𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 = (𝐹𝑎𝑟 𝐴𝑟𝑐 − 𝑁𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝐴𝑟𝑐)
2
1 E
𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 = ̂
(𝑚𝐵𝐶 ̂)
− 𝑚𝐵𝐷
2

Example 1: If 𝑚𝐵𝐶̂ = 285 and 𝑚𝐵𝐷 ̂ = 123, find 𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐵.

̂ (far arc) and BD
Solution: In the figure, the intercepted arcs of ∠𝐴 are BC ̂ (near arc).
1
𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 = (𝑚𝐵𝐶 ̂ − 𝑚𝐵𝐷 ̂) Apply the theorem
2
1
𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 = 2
(285 − 123) Substitute
1
𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 = 2
(162) Solve
𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 = 81 Therefore, 𝒎∠𝑫𝑨𝑩 = 𝟖𝟏.

Example 2: Referring to circle 𝑂, find 𝑚∠𝐸.

̂ . Segment 𝐴𝐵 is a
Solution: Before computing for 𝑚∠𝐸, first we need to find the measure 𝐵𝑌
̂ is a semicircle and it measures 180°.
diameter of circle 𝑂, thus 𝐴𝑋𝐵
̂ = 180
𝑚𝐴𝑋𝐵
̂ + 𝑚𝑋𝑌
𝑚𝐴𝑋 ̂ + 𝑚𝐵𝑌̂ = 180
75 + 85+ 𝑚𝐵𝑌 ̂ = 1800
̂ = 180 − 1600
𝑚𝐵𝑌
̂ = 200
𝑚𝐵𝑌

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4
Q 2 Week No.5 Competency Code: M10GE-IIe-1; M10GE-IIe-f-1
Competency/ies: 1. illustrates secants, tangents and segments of a circle
2. proves theorems on secants, tangents and segments
 ̂ (far arc) and BY
Now we can find the 𝑚∠𝐸 using the measures of its intercepted arcs AX ̂ (near
arc).
1
𝑚∠𝐸 = (𝑚𝐴𝑋 ̂ − 𝑚𝐵𝑌 ̂) Apply the theorem
2
1
𝑚∠𝐸 = (75 − 20) Substitute
2
1
𝑚∠𝐸 = 2
(55) Solve
𝑚∠𝐸 = 27.5 Therefore, 𝒎∠𝑬 = 𝟐𝟕. 𝟓.

Case 3: Two Tangents

Given: Circle 𝑅 with tangents ⃡𝑀𝑁 and ⃡𝑃𝑁 intersecting at point 𝑁 M

1
𝑚∠𝑀𝑁𝑃 = (𝐹𝑎𝑟 𝐴𝑟𝑐 − 𝑁𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝐴𝑟𝑐) R
2
1 Q
𝑚∠𝑀𝑁𝑃 = ̂
(𝑚𝑀𝑄𝑃 ̂)
− 𝑚𝑀𝑃 N
2
P

̂ = 250, find 𝑚∠𝑀𝑁𝑃.

Example: If 𝑚𝑀𝑄𝑃

̂ is given but you will notice that combining 𝑚𝑀𝑄𝑃

Solution: In this case, only far arc 𝑀𝑄𝑃 ̂ and
̂ ̂
𝑚𝑀𝑃 makes a complete revolution and it has a total measure of 360°. Thus, if 𝑚𝑀𝑄𝑃 = 250,
̂ = 110. Then we can now proceed to applying the theorem:
then 𝑚𝑀𝑃
1
𝑚∠𝑀𝑁𝑃 = 2 (𝑚𝑀𝑄𝑃 ̂ − 𝑚𝑀𝑃̂) Apply the theorem
1
𝑚∠𝑀𝑁𝑃 = (250 − 110) Substitute
2
1
𝑚∠𝑀𝑁𝑃 = 2
(140) Solve
𝑚∠𝑀𝑁𝑃 = 70 Therefore, 𝒎∠𝑴𝑵𝑷 = 𝟕𝟎.

Activities

ACTIVITY 1: TWO TRUTHS AND A LIE

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Determine which statement is NOT TRUE about
the figure on the right. Cross out your answer. The first one is done for you.

⃡𝐶𝐵 is tangent to circle 𝑂. A D

B
⃡ is a secant on circle 𝑂.
𝐴𝐵 O

̂ is an intercepted arc of ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶.

𝐴𝐷 C

⃡ and 𝑁𝑃
⃡ intersect in the interior of the circle. M
Secants 𝑀𝑄 N
R
∠𝑀𝑅𝑁 and ∠𝑃𝑅𝑄 are vertical angles.
∠𝑀𝑅𝑃 and ∠𝑁𝑅𝑄 form a linear pair. P Q

_________________________________________________________________________
5
Q 2 Week No.5 Competency Code: M10GE-IIe-1; M10GE-IIe-f-1
Competency/ies: 1. illustrates secants, tangents and segments of a circle
2. proves theorems on secants, tangents and segments
 ⃡ and 𝐶𝐵
𝐴𝐵 ⃡ are tangents to the circle.
⃡ and 𝐶𝐵
𝐴𝐵 ⃡ intersect at the exterior of the circle.
̂ and 𝐷𝐸
𝐴𝐶 ̂ are the intercepted arcs of ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶.

̅̅̅̅ and 𝐵𝐹
𝐸𝐶 ⃡ intersect on the circle at point C.
̂ is the intercepted arc of ∠𝐸𝐶𝐵.
𝐸𝐴 F
̂ is the intercepted arc of ∠𝐸𝐶𝐹.
𝐸𝐷𝐶

̂ is an intercepted arc of ∠𝐶𝐵𝐷.

𝐷𝐶
̂ is an intercepted arc of ∠𝐶𝐵𝐷.
𝐴𝐶 F

̂ is an intercepted arc of ∠𝐶𝐵𝐷.

𝐴𝐷

̂ and 𝐸𝐷
𝐴𝐶 ̂ are the intercepted arcs of ∠𝐴𝑂𝐶 and its vertical angle.
̂ and 𝐶𝐷
𝐴𝐸 ̂ are the intercepted arcs of ∠𝐴𝑂𝐸 and its vertical angle. F

̂ and 𝐴𝐵
𝐷𝐸 ̂ are the intercepted arcs of ∠𝐷𝑂𝐸 and its vertical angle.

ACTIVITY 2: Go Round and Round

A. Directions: Find the unknown measure in each figure.

1. 2 3.

𝒎∠𝑹𝑷𝑸 = ________ 𝒎∠𝑻𝑽𝑼 = ________ ̂ = ________

𝒎𝑩𝑪

4. 5.
𝒙 = ________
̂ = ________ ̂ = _______
𝒎𝑮𝑭
𝒎𝑻𝑼
________

6. 7. 8.

73°

𝒎∠𝑲𝑳𝑴 = ________ 𝒎𝑮𝑭̂ = ________ ̂ = ________

𝒎𝑸𝑻𝑹
_________________________________________________________________________
6
Q 2 Week No.5 Competency Code: M10GE-IIe-1; M10GE-IIe-f-1
Competency/ies: 1. illustrates secants, tangents and segments of a circle
2. proves theorems on secants, tangents and segments
B. Directions: In circle 𝑃, ⃡𝐴𝐵, ⃡𝐵𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ⃡𝐵𝐶 are secants; ⃡𝐵𝐷 is a diameter;,
̂ = 106 , 𝑚𝐾𝑀
𝑚𝐴𝐷 ̂ = 26, 𝑚∠𝐷𝐵𝐶 = 35, 𝑚𝐾𝑅 ̂ = 15.
̂ =
1. 𝑚𝐴𝑀 6. 𝑚𝐴𝐶̂=
2. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐵𝐷 = ̂ =
7. 𝑚𝑀𝑅
̂ =
3. 𝑚𝐷𝐶 ̂ =
8. 𝑚𝐾𝐶𝐷
̂ =
4. 𝑚𝑅𝐶 ̂=
9. 𝑚𝐾𝐴𝐶
5. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = ̂ =
10. 𝑚𝐴𝑀𝐶

ACTIVITY 3: MESSAGE UNLOCKED

Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the decoder
below, corresponding to its item number, to unlock the hidden message. The first one is done
for you.

1. It is a line that intersects a circle at exactly two points.

Z tangent W secant T chord

For items 2-3, refer to the figure on the right:

G
2. Secants GJ and HF intersect ___________ of the circle.
K H
D in the interior B on N in the exterior
F
̂ = 32 and 𝑚𝐽𝐻
3. If 𝑚𝐺𝐹 ̂ = 74, what is 𝑚∠𝐺𝐾𝐹? J

P 42 Y 53 M 106

For items 4-8, refer to ⊙ 𝑃:

4. What is segment 𝐴𝐵̅̅̅̅?
S radius D secant R tangent

5. What segments formed angle FBE?

T ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝑃 and ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 E ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 and ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐹 L ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐹 and ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐸

6. How will you find the measure of ∠𝐹𝐵𝐸?

1 1
C 𝑚∠𝐹𝐵𝐸 = (𝑚𝐸𝐹 ̂)
̂ − 𝐶𝐷 R ̂)
̂ + 𝐶𝐷
𝑚∠𝐹𝐵𝐸 = 2 (𝑚𝐸𝐹
2
1
𝑚∠𝐹𝐵𝐸 = ̂
(𝑚𝐶𝐷 ̂)
− 𝐸𝐹
O 2

7. Which of the following angles is formed by a secant segment and a tangent segment?
S ∠𝐵𝐴𝑃 N ∠𝐴𝐵𝐹 G ∠𝐹𝐵𝐸

̂ = 105, what is the measure of ∠𝐴𝐵𝐹?

8. If 𝑚𝐴𝐹
A 10⁰ O 15⁰ I 20⁰

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7
Q 2 Week No.5 Competency Code: M10GE-IIe-1; M10GE-IIe-f-1
Competency/ies: 1. illustrates secants, tangents and segments of a circle
2. proves theorems on secants, tangents and segments
For items 9-12, refer to ⊙ 𝑆: Given that ⃡𝐹𝐺 ⃦ ⃡𝐽𝐻, 𝑚𝐹𝐽 ̂ = 120.
̂ = 80, and 𝑚𝐹𝐺
̂?
9. What is the measure of 𝐽𝐹𝐺
E 120 F 180 I 200

̂?
10. What is the measure of 𝐺𝐼
S 80 T 120 H 180
S
11. Find the measure of ∠JHG?
E
60 A 120 C 140

̂?
12. What is the measure of 𝐹𝐽𝐺
W 120 H 240 O 360

13. Find the measure of ∠FGH?

I
60 T 120 E 180⁰

For items 14-15, refer to circle 𝑂:

14. What is 𝑚∠𝐸𝐹𝐺 if 𝑚𝐸𝐺 ̂ = 93?
A 87 E 174 U 267

̂ 𝑖𝑓 𝑚∠𝐸𝐹𝐺 = 100.
15. Find 𝑚𝐺𝐻𝐸
P 180⁰ M 280 T 380⁰

“____ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____
13 12 11 8 7 5 3 1 14 3 13 8 5 11 14
____ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____
1 ____ ____ _____
4 7 15 14 13 12 11 15 14 13 9 6 10 9 10
____ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____ .
13 8 2 8 15 14 13 12 11 15 14 13 9 6 10 ”
Wrap-Up

Theorems on Angles Formed by Tangents and Secants

A. Measures of Angles formed in the INTERIOR of the Circle
If two secants (or chords) intersect in the interior of the circle, then the measure of
the angle formed is equal to one-half the sum of the measures of the arcs
intercepted by the angle and its vertical angle.
A C
1
1 ̂ + 𝑚𝐶𝐷
𝑚∠1 = (𝑚𝐴𝐵 ̂)
D 2
B

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8
Q 2 Week No.5 Competency Code: M10GE-IIe-1; M10GE-IIe-f-1
Competency/ies: 1. illustrates secants, tangents and segments of a circle
2. proves theorems on secants, tangents and segments
 B. Measures of Angles formed ON the Circle
If two secants or a tangent and a secant intersect at a point on the circle, then
the measure of the angle formed is equal to one-half the measure of the
intercepted arc.
A
A 1
1
1
̂)
𝑚∠1 = (𝑚𝐴𝐵
2 B
B

C. Measures of Angles formed in the EXTERIOR of the Circle

If two secants, two tangents or a tangent and a secant intersect in the exterior
of a circle, then the measure of the angle formed is equal to one-half the
positive difference of the measures of the intercepted arcs.
1
1 ̂ − 𝑚𝐴𝐶
𝑚∠1 = (𝑚𝐴𝐵 ̂)
̂ − 𝑚𝐴𝐵
𝑚∠1 = (𝑚𝐴𝐶𝐵 ̂) 2
1 2
̂ − 𝑚𝐶𝐷
𝑚∠1 = (𝑚𝐴𝐵 ̂) A
2 A
C A
1 1 1

D C C

B B B

REFERENCES:
https://www.sparknotes.com/math/geometry2/theorems/section5/
https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Geometry/Circles/CRAngles.html
http://www.mazegenerator.net/
https://www.mathwarehouse.com/geometry/circle/tangents-secants-arcs-angles.php
https://cdn.kutasoftware.com/Worksheets/Geo/11-Secant%20Angles.pdf
Department of Education. 2015. Mathematics Learner’s Module. Pasig City: Department of Education.
Rosario, Jose, et al. 2018. Our World of Math 10. Quezon City. Vibal Group Inc.
Villareal, Abelardo A., et al. 2017. Mathematics for Grade 10. Quezon City. Educational Resources
Corporation.

Prepared by:

KRISTINE KAREN T. SOTTA

Andres Bonifacio Integrated School
SDO Mandaluyong

Approved:

RESTITUTO I. RODELAS
Education Program Supervisor, Mathematics

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9
Q 2 Week No.5 Competency Code: M10GE-IIe-1; M10GE-IIe-f-1
Competency/ies: 1. illustrates secants, tangents and segments of a circle
2. proves theorems on secants, tangents and segments