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Model Based System Engineering: No Institute Given

This document provides an overview of model-based system engineering (MBSE). It discusses how MBSE puts the system model at the center of the engineering process, unlike traditional document-driven approaches. MBSE allows engineers to perform early threat modeling and design security into systems from the beginning. The document outlines key MBSE concepts like modeling languages and modeling domains that must be covered. It describes how MBSE models should represent both the problem/operational domain and the proposed system solution.

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Senthil Kumar K
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87 views

Model Based System Engineering: No Institute Given

This document provides an overview of model-based system engineering (MBSE). It discusses how MBSE puts the system model at the center of the engineering process, unlike traditional document-driven approaches. MBSE allows engineers to perform early threat modeling and design security into systems from the beginning. The document outlines key MBSE concepts like modeling languages and modeling domains that must be covered. It describes how MBSE models should represent both the problem/operational domain and the proposed system solution.

Uploaded by

Senthil Kumar K
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Model Based System Engineering

No Author Given

No Institute Given

Model Based System Engineering

1 Introduction

Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is a formalized methodology used to


support the requirements, design, analysis, validation, and validation of complex
systems development.Unlike document-driven design, MBSE puts the model at
the heart of systems engineering. MBSE has become more widely adopted in
digital simulation environments has increased over the past few years.
One area of concern in complex systems is cybersecurity. The SEI CERT
department started exploring how MBSE could be used to mitigate security
risks early in the system development process so that the system is secure by
design, contrary to the common practice of adding security features later in the
development process. Capturing system properties in the model enables systems
engineers to perform system analysis through threat modeling at an early stage
and incorporate mitigation strategies into the system design to reduce overall
system security risks.
MBSE in a digital modeling environment offers advantages that document-
based systems engineering cannot provide. For example, in the document-based
approach, multiple documents are created by different authors to capture the
system design from different stakeholder perspectives, such as system behavior.
, software, hardware, safety, security or other principles. Using the numerical
modeling approach, a single source of truth for the system is constructed where
industry-specific views of the system are created using the same model elements.
The Digital Modeling Environment also creates a common standards-based ap-
proach to documenting a system that can be programmatically validated to
eliminate inconsistencies in models and enforce usage. standards of all stakehol-
ders. This common modeling environment improves system analysis and reduces
the number of errors that are often introduced in a traditional document-based
approach. The availability of digitized system data for analysis across all sectors
allows for consistent dissemination of corrections and incorporation of new in-
formation and design decisions (i.e. when the MBSE is properly implemented).
accuracy, resulting in a reduced overall risk of development).

2 Model Based System Engineering Concepts

MBSE brings together three concepts: model, systems thinking, and systems
engineering
– 1.A Model is a simplified version of a graphical, mathematical, or physical
representation that abstracts actuality to eliminate some of its complexities.
A system architect must depict a system in order to model it such that its
structure and behavior are obvious and its complexity is controllable. To
put it another way, models should accurately reflect the system, and models
should be validated by the system.
– 2.Systems thinking is a technique of looking at a system as part of a
bigger system rather than as a self-contained unit. A systematic approach
to adopting excellent plans, gathering information, or being analytical isn’t
just about systems thinking.
• The systems engineer analyzes at the system from behind, investigates
its bounds, environment, and longevity, examines its performance, and
looks for correlations. This strategy can aid the engineer in problem
identification and controlling the complexities of a system. With systems
approach, system designers divide and evaluate the system at the initial
stage parts and stating relationships between them.
3.Systems engineering is a trans disciplinary and integrative technique
that uses systems principles and ideas, as well as scientific, technological,
and organizational methodologies, to enable the effective development, use,
and retirement of engineered systems. It combines a number of strategies to
ensure that the developed system meets all of the criteria. During the course
of a system, it focuses on architecture, deployment, integration, assessment,
and management. It also evaluates the system’s software, hardware, users,
processes, and procedures.
MBSE is a diverse and multidisciplinary initiative. It demands its own spec-
trum of people, methods, environment, and workflows. An enterprise must sup-
port the modelling process in order to develop a good representation of a dynamic
network or complex of processes. The support required is similar to what might
be necessary for an organisation to design and deliver a sophisticated system
or complex of systems successfully. MBSE can be successfully integrated into a
development process, but the institution must be determined to take the right
steps and efforts necessary to model the system.

3 Modeling
We’ve all seen, used, or built models at some point in our lives, ranging from
toy cars and vehicles where the mathematical principles describes and explains
physical phenomena like thermodynamics and gravity. While each model is essen-
tially distinct, they all connect a concept to a reality and give enough abstraction
for the goal. The systems engineer determines which components of the produc-
tion system are most significant when modelling it, such as structure, energy or
matter flow, internal communication, or safety and security. The approach will
be concentrated on these sorts of features. The primary goal of the modelling
activity is to replicate the most important components of the system as precisely
as possible.
– Modeling as a technique uses four instruments: language,structure, argumen-
tation, presentation

A modelling language is a set of terms used to express an abstract notion that


the model captures. A formal modelling language with precise syntax and rules
can be used. There are a number different types of system modelling languages,
including general-purpose languages like SysML and Unified Modeling Language
(UML), as well as specialist languages like Architecture Analysis Design Lan-
guage (AADL). Despite the fact that SysML and UML are not mathematically
formal, a good model must adhere to the modelling language’s entity and rela-
tionship requirements. For relationships and connections between items, SysML
includes a precise syntax and constraints, which helps to eliminate ambiguity.
Several forms of conventional SysML diagrams may be dynamically simula-
ted, and at least one type of SysML diagram can be mathematically simulated, if
a model is adequately designed. UML is a semi-formal language; SysML is a more
formal version of UML. A structure is required for a model. A well-structured
model makes it easier to comprehend, use, and maintain, which is especially cru-
cial for complex systems. A model’s purpose is to demonstrate to stakeholders
that the proposed design meets the system’s needs. The model should explain
how the system needs be developed to be effective in a readily understandable
manner. Comprehensibility can be improved by using representation.

4 Modeling Domains

MBSE does not mandate any particular process, but any approach adopted
should fundamentally cover four systems-engineering domains:

– • capabilities/requirements
– • behaviour
– • architecture/structure
– • verification and validation

Fundamental systems-engineering domains are specified in the model itself,


i.e., in a systematic process using a modelling language, rather than in a col-
lection of documentation. The model is a description of how the system should
be developed in order to be successful. Stakeholders, systems engineers, and de-
velopers can all communicate better with each other thanks to MBSE. Because
system design takes place in an integrated modelling environment, all systems
engineers, managers, and other stakeholders may get immediate access to the
information created, such as requirements, behaviour flows, and architecture.
The development of diagrams portraying some aspect of the system perspec-
tive the most typical modelling activity. Because this process is so ubiquitous,
few designers wrongly believe that developing a view is the same as establishing
a model. This miscalculation is so common that a new phrase for that has ri-
sen: zombie model. This word describes a model with only a lot of schematics
however no interconnections or interdependence between the components.
Any collection of perspectives is not a framework, as everyone who is able to
begin modelling should be aware. Despite the fact that a perspective or even a
group of perspectives might represent an aspect of the system’s architecture and
be significant for documenting and articulating various aspects of the system,
perspectives are solely facets or parts of the fundamental proposed system. A
genuine model can generate a variety of views and matrices, as well as execute
analysis and simulations.

5 Four Quadrants of the MBSE Model

A model must describe both the issue and the intended system (the solution).
Both the problem and the solution must be represented in the model. The opera-
tional and system points of view are occasionally referred to as such. The point
of view of users, operators, and businesspeople is called the operational point of
view. Business processes, goals, organisational structure, use cases, and informa-
tion flows should all be represented. The model’s operational side can include
descriptions of "the world as-is"and "the world as-to-come."
The solution, or system design, that answers the challenge given in the ope-
rational side of the model is referred to as the system point of view. It should
explain the system’s behaviour, structure, dataflows between components, and
functionality distribution. It should explain how the system will be implemented
in practise. It may include alternative solutions as well as assessments of those
possibilities. The logical and physical aspects of each of these points of view are

Figura 1. “four quadrants of MBSE model”


separate. It is possible to control the complexity of a system by separating the
logical and physical parts of the model. Physical changes are frequently triggered
by technological developments, although logical components of the model vary
little over time.
All four quadrants of the model should be firmly linked, as seen in Figure
1 above. Problem statements should be traced to solution elements, and logical
elements should be assigned to physical structures. The model’s user should be
able to easily observe how the higher-level concepts and components breakdown
into lower-level aspects. Users should be able to do system analyses, develop
dependency matrices, execute simulations, and generate a system view for each
stakeholder. If the physical element of the system has to be changed, the model’s
logical side determines which functions will be affected. If a need or business
process has to be altered, the model will quickly reveal the consequences for the
solutions.

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