Assignment-For-Chapter-2 Tricia Mae Naldo

CHAPTER 2 TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIETY BY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Check your understanding
Identify what/who is described in the following statements:
1. A concept popularized by South African President
Thabo Mbeki who called upon the African people
and nations to solve the many problems troubling
the African continent.
Answer : AFRICAN RENAISSANCE
2. _______________ in Iran develops gradually and
subtly and reached its apogee during the Persian
Constitutional Revolution (1906–11).
Religious intellectualism
3. Regarded as two of the main philosophical
traditions of that era in Persia.
The Illumination School and the Transcendent Philosophy
4. The culture of the ancient Near East and eventually
of much of Africa as well was modified
significantly by the arrival of _____ beginning in
the seventh century CE.
ISLAM
5. A broad topic that includes the ancient epics of
South Asia, the development of what is now called
Hinduism and Hindu philosophy and the rise of
Buddhism, as well as many other topics relating to

the political and artistic lives of pre-modern South
Asia.
Indian thought
6. They brought with them new astronomical and
cartographic knowledge and were responsible for
new developments in Chinese science.
Jesuits
7. In Korea, the _________________ drove the
development of Korean intellectual history from
the late Goryeo to the golden age of intellectual
achievement in the Joseon Dynasty.
Yangban scholar movement
8. A complex system of moral, social, political,
philosophical, and religious thought which has had tremendous influence on the culture and history of
East Asia.
Confucianism
9. Literal meaning of Confucianism.
scholarly tradition
10. In China, ________ referred to the government
officials who formed the ruling class in China for
over two thousand years.
Literati
11. The name given to seven Chichimec tribes of
northern Mexico.
Aztecs
12. They covered southern Mexico, Guatemala and
Honduras in the 1400.

Mayan people
13. The first great civilization of Mesoamerica.
The olmec
14. An important historical region and cultural area in
the Americas, extending from central Mexico
through Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador,
Honduras, Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica,
and within which pre-Columbian societies
flourished before the Spanish colonization of the
Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries.
Mesoamerica
15. It describes the present economic, social and
technological trends after the first wave of
Industrial Revolution.
Information revolution
Chapter Test
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter representing the correct answer
and write the letter on the space provided for.
1. Nicolaus Copernicus was:
A. A Polish astronomer and gladiator
B. A Chinese mathematician, physician, and astronomer
C. An American mathematician, physician, and
astronomer
D. A Russian mathematician, physician, and astronomer
E. A Polish mathematician, physician, and astronomer
2. Copernicus
A. Autographed many of his printed books
B. Was hanged
C. Was burned at the stake by the Church
D. Hated the church
E. Worked as a canon for the Church
3. The Copernican hypothesis correctly showed that:
A. Mars was at the center of the known universe (our solar
system)
B. Jupiter was at the center of the known universe (our
solar system)
C. The moon was at the center of the known universe (our
solar system)
D. The Earth was at the center of the known universe (our
solar system)
E. The sun was at the center of the known universe (our
solar system)
4. The traditional interpretation of the Scientific Revolution
begins and ends with which two thinkers?
A. Descartes and Leibniz
B. Copernicus and Aristotle
C. Copernicus and Newton
D. Newton and Aristotle
E. Kepler and Brahe

5. Why, in the traditional view, were the Dark Ages labelled
in such a way?
A. It was thought of as a period of intellectual dormancy.
B. It was thought of as a period that focused on astronomy.
C. It was thought of as a period characterized by
disturbing thoughts.
D. It was thought of as a time of great scientific
discoveries in the field of light.
6. The scientific method was largely codified by what
philosopher of the Scientific Revolution?
A. Bacon
B. Descartes
C. Voltaire
D. Copernicus
E. Wittgenstein
7. Survival of the fittest really means what?
A. the bravest, strongest, smallest
B. the biggest, heaviest, toughest
C. the strongest, toughest, fastest
D. the most reproductively fit
8. Today, Mayan people can be found all over Southern
Mexico. So why did so many people think that the
Mayans disappeared?
A. Most Mayan tribes were slaughtered when the Aztecs
took over.
B. Mayan cities have been destroyed by climate change
and wars.
C. The Maya left their cities and scattered around the
villages of the region.
D. The Mayan languages and traditions have disappeared
but not the Mayan people.
9. The most influential factor in the fall of the Aztecs was:
A. Religious differences
B. Vulnerability to European disease
C. Less manpower
D. Lack of gunpowder
10. How did the Aztecs react to the arrival of the Spanish?
A. They welcomed the Spanish with gold and food.
B. They prepared for war against the Spanish.
C. They tried to hide and protect their main cities from the
Spanish.
D. They kindly offered the Spanish a no-war pact.
Differentiation: Briefly give the similarities and differences of the
following periods:
A. Freudian Revolution versus Information Revolution

FREUDIAN revolution is viewed as the discovery of a way of locating in the mind
objective entities which can be studied like physical things , this particular revolution occurred in
the setting of a prevalent concern about the entities underlying all of the sciences. Because of
his genius for structural thought, Freud was able to respond satisfactorily to a challenge that all
the sciences were facing. It is that common challenge rather than a popular exemplary model,
such as mechanics or hydraulics, that shaped Freud's theory , while INFORMATION
REVOLUTION describes the present economic, social and technological trends after the first
wave of Industrial Revolution. It is the development of technologies (such as computers, digital
communication, microchips) in the second half of the 20th century that has led to dramatic
reduction in the cost of obtaining, processing, storing, and transmitting information in all forms
(text, graphics, audio, video).
B. Mesoamerican Revolution versus Darwinian Revolution
Darwinian Revolution states that it began when the universe was believed to have been created
at a fixed date (certainly not more than 10,000 years). This was the time when historical evidences were
missing. All the species of animals and plants now in existence were thought to have been created in
their final form at the time of the Creation in the other hand, Mesoamerican Revolution explains that It
was inhabited by three unique dominating groups: OLMEC, MAYA and AZTECS , The Olmec. The first
great civilization of Mesoamerica is the Olmec. The Olmec were the first complex society in the region,
MAYA - covered southern Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras. They had a highly developed written
language and mathematics, plus they had an amazing knowledge of astronomy, and AZTECS - who
controlled the valley of Mexico and much of central America from its capital during the Late Post classic
period from the 12th century AD until the Spanish invasion of the 15th century.

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CHAPTER 2 TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIETY BY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Check your understanding

Identify what/who is described in the following statements:

1. A concept popularized by South African President

Thabo Mbeki who called upon the African people

and nations to solve the many problems troubling

the African continent.

Answer : AFRICAN RENAISSANCE

2. _______________ in Iran develops gradually and

subtly and reached its apogee during the Persian

Constitutional Revolution (1906–11).

3. Regarded as two of the main philosophical

traditions of that era in Persia.

The Illumination School and the Transcendent Philosophy

4. The culture of the ancient Near East and eventually

of much of Africa as well was modified

significantly by the arrival of _____ beginning in

the seventh century CE.

5. A broad topic that includes the ancient epics of

South Asia, the development of what is now called

Hinduism and Hindu philosophy and the rise of

Buddhism, as well as many other topics relating to

6. They brought with them new astronomical and

cartographic knowledge and were responsible for

new developments in Chinese science.

7. In Korea, the _________________ drove the

development of Korean intellectual history from

the late Goryeo to the golden age of intellectual

achievement in the Joseon Dynasty.

Yangban scholar movement

8. A complex system of moral, social, political,

9. Literal meaning of Confucianism.

10. In China, ________ referred to the government

officials who formed the ruling class in China for

over two thousand years.

11. The name given to seven Chichimec tribes of

12. They covered southern Mexico, Guatemala and

Honduras in the 1400.

13. The first great civilization of Mesoamerica.

14. An important historical region and cultural area in

the Americas, extending from central Mexico

through Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador,

Honduras, Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica,

and within which pre-Columbian societies

flourished before the Spanish colonization of the

Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries.

15. It describes the present economic, social and

technological trends after the first wave of

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter representing the correct answer

and write the letter on the space provided for.

1. Nicolaus Copernicus was:

A. A Polish astronomer and gladiator

B. A Chinese mathematician, physician, and astronomer

C. An American mathematician, physician, and

E. A Polish mathematician, physician, and astronomer

A. Autographed many of his printed books

C. Was burned at the stake by the Church

D. Hated the church

E. Worked as a canon for the Church