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Parental Involvement Rating Scale (PIRS)

Method · January 2001

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.30162.15044

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Kunnathodi Abdul Gafoor Chandrikalayam Naseema

University of Calicut University of Calicut
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Running head: PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT RATING SCALE (PIRS) 1

PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT RATING SCALE (PIRS) 2001

C. Naseema & K. Abdul Gafoor

University of Calicut, Kerala, India

Author Note

PIRS is intended to measure the involvement of parents in their children's education

PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT RATING SCALE (PIRS) 2

Abstract

This scale is based on suggestions given in several works including Hess (1969), Gordon (1969),

Keeves (1 972), Sinclaire (1980), Wolfendale (1983& 1993) and Husen et al. (1994).

Keywords: Parental Involvement, Parental Encouragement, Parental Influence, Parental

Attention, Primary Students, Elementary Education

PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT RATING SCALE (PIRS) 3

PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT RATING SCALE (PIRS)

Each of the nine components of Parental Involvement are described below.

Parental Acceptance

Parental acceptance is the extent or degree to which the parents accept, agree to, approve,
tolerate and co-operate with the child and his/her educative activities. The statements under this
category measures the child's perception of the extent to which his parents agree with the
schooling and related activities.
Parental Aspiration
Parental aspiration denotes the desires, higher aims, hopes, intentions, purposes etc. keenly
pursued by the parents through the education and related activities of the child. The
statements under this category measure the desire or ambition expressed by parents, as
perceived by the child in connection with child's education.

Parental Attention
The extent of attentiveness, consideration and vigilance of pupils ‘education, concern,
regard, etc. for the child exhibited by parents is denoted as parental attention. The statements
under this category measure whether the pupil is obtaining the normal benefits to be derived
from adequate contact with and attention from the parents.
Parental Encouragement
It is the quantity of encouragement, inspiration, stimulation, etc. given by the parents, to
rouse or promote the educative activities of the pupil, as perceived by the child. The
statements under this category give a measure of inspiration given by the parents for the
child in his/her education through material and non-material rewards and communication.
Parental Guidance
Here, the direct educative or instructive activities of the parents on the child through various
activities such as teaching and training at home, helping and supervising in homework,
regulating and controlling child's behaviours, advising, counselling etc. are involved. The
statements under this category measure such direct helps given by parents in pupil's learning.
Parental Influence
Here the parents act as moral power, agents working invisibly, instrumental in effecting and
promoting the education of the child.
Parental Decision-making
The impact of the decisions of parents, concerning the child's education as perceived by the
child is included here.
Parental Provision of Physical Facilities
This category measures how far parents are providing physical facilities conducive to
learning.
Parental Care to the Physical Fitness of Child
The care taken by parents in physical health of the child, is a condition influencing learning.
This category measures the extent to which parents take special attention to the physical
health of the child.
PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT RATING SCALE (PIRS) 4

Mode of answering

Against each statement of the Parental Involvement Rating Scale three responses viz.,

'always true', 'sometimes' and 'never true' are given. Against each statement pupil have to put a

'X' mark, in the column under appropriate response.

Scoring
For each positive statement a score of '2', '1' or '0' is to be given, respectively for the
responses always true, sometimes and never true. For negative statements scoring is
reversed. The score obtained on the items belonging to each component will give a
measure of that component of Parental Involvement.
Reliability
The reliability of the scale and its components were established by test retest method, and
estimation of internal consistency.

Validity
For estimating the validity of PIRS the researcher prepared a parallel Parental Involvement
Rating Scale meant for parents, with the same content and components as in the original
scale. This parallel scale was administered to parents and scores were derived for the total
scale and its components. The validity of PIRS and its components were found out by
correlating the scores obtained by PIRS with the score obtained on the parallel scale. The
coefficients of criterion-related validity thus obtained for the PIRS and its components are
given below (N=32).
PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT RATING SCALE (PIRS) 5
 APPENDIX - VII

UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT RATING SCALE (PIRS)

Dr.C. Naseema K. Abdul Gafoor

Senior Lecturer in Education Research Scholar
m o d a g a a amg-<~mcms a g s s m a a d mcms4m3
mdmO~(asMw~a6lu:
 APPENDIX V111
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT RATING SCALE (PIRS)

Dr. (Mrs.) C. Naseema K. Abdul Gafoor

Senior Lecturer Research Scholar
Department of Education

Name of pupil : Class : Roll No. :

Directions:

This is a scale meant for rating the extent to which parents involve i n matters
related t o your education. There are 92 statements in this scale. Against each
statement 3 responses viz., 'Always True', 'Sometimes' and 'Never True' are
represented using 3 columns of '0' marks. After reading each statement, mark 'X' on
the '0' below the choice, 'Always', 'Sometimes' or 'Never' in accordance with the
extent t o which that statement is true, with respect t o you.

SI. No. Always Sometimes Never

True True

1. My parents like m y schooling 0 0 0

2. Parents often encourage m e t o take part i n 0 0 0

competitive examinations

3. Parent's absence in home affect m y

studies

4. Parents have great expectation regarding 0 0 0

m y studies

5. Parents are used t o enquire about my 0 0 0

homework

6. My parents are not very punctual 0 0 0

7. Lack of study materials such as Dictionary, 0 0 0

Encyclopaedia etc. creates difficulty with
my studies

8. Parents do not consider m y opinion when 0 0 0

taking decision regarding m y education
Parents take me to doctor whenever Iget
ailments

M y parents may have objection regarding

m y higher education

M y parents are happy if Irepresent m y

school in extra curricular activities

Father and mother living separately affect

m y studies

My parents are of the view that education

will not fetch a job

Parents restrict me from playing in those

days when Ihave to study a lot

Education of m y parents and their related

achievements inspire m e for better
learning

Studying i n an averagellow standard

school has affected my overall
performance i n studies

As soon as Ireturn from school parents

provide m e food

Parents would have taken more interest in

m y studies if Iwere a boylgirl

My parents have enough knowledge to

recognise the importance of education

Parents encourage me to come first in the

class

As m y parents enFrust m e with other

works, m y studies get affected

Reading habits of my parents have

influenced m y reading habit

My parents are of the opinion that studying

text books will suffice

Parents see that my diet is balanced with

leafy vegetables, cereals, fruits, milk, etc.
My parents give respect to educated
people

Parents do not take sufficient attention i n

my studies

I feel that m y parents have high aspiration

with m y future

It is parents who work out m y homework

As my parents speak local dialect, Ifind it

difficult to adjust in school

My parents encourage m e to clear doubts

with elders

As Ihave to read religious scriptures in the

evening Ido not get sufficient time to
study

My parents often ask m e to do other jobs

which hinder m y studies

On passing the examination m y parents

reward m e with gifts

Quarrelling between parents affects m y

studies

Parents used to get angry when Iask

doubts

My parents discuss matters regarding

education each other

Iget very little time for study as Ihave to

help m y parents

My parent's moral support may not always

be there, regarding m y studies

Parents rebuke m e for no reason a t all

Nobody at home utilises educational

programmes in TV and radio

Parents see that no body disturbs me

during studies

My parents discuss with parents of m y

classmates about our studies
My parents do not take part in activities of
Parent Teacher Association

Facilities to study are less i n home

My parents insists that I should be brought

up with discipline

Parents do not spend sufficient money for

m y education

Parents conduct tests to know about my

level of learning

During the examination time parents take

special care i n m y studies

Parents visit m y school during science

exhibitions, school day, youth festivals etc.

My parents advice m e t o select hobbies

related t o studies such as drawing, stamp
collection and reading

Parents take due interest i n the progress

of m y school

Parents are not educated enough t o clear

m y doubts

Parents always enquire about the portions

taught every day

Parents do not correct m y notebooks

Parents do not take interest i n extra

curricular activities, when Italk about it

Parents are busy with other works during

m y study time

Parents compel m e to study even i f I am

tired

Parents have set a time table for m y study

Parents request the teacher to take special

care in m y studies

Parents do not like me talking about m y

friends
 Parents will be with me during study hours

Parents wake me up early morning to

study

My parents usually do not talk with my

teachers outside the school

Parents do not enquire about marks scored

i n examinations

Parents do not compel me to read after

school hours

Parents do not give due importance to the

suggestions given by my teachers

My father/mother take care to be at home

during m y study hours

Parents have set a special room for me to

study

Parents do not inform my teachers i n

advance about m y absence from school

My parents do not like m e going for

tuitions

Parents listen to when Iread my lessons

My parents do not fetch newspapers and

children's magazines

Parents feel that tuitions are of no use

My parents do not provide me with rank

file, question banks, work books etc.

My parents become angry i f Iask for

notebooks, pen, pencils etc.

My parents take effort t o keep i n good

relation with the teachers

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