GARCIA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

Kalibo, Aklan
Electrical Engineering Department

AC 3-PHASE

PHASE VOLTAGE – voltage induced in each coil of a polyphase AC E L =E p

generator
Relation between phase and line currents:
EA = voltage induced (phase voltage) in coil A POWER RELATIONS IN A THREE-PHASE SYSTEM
EB = voltage induced (phase voltage) in coil B
EC = voltage induced (phase voltage) in coil C
P= √ 3 V L I L cos θ ; P=3 V P I P cos θ
BALANCED 3-PHASE VOLTAGES – the magnitudes of the phase voltages Q= √3 V L I L sin θ ;Q=3 V P I P sin θ
are equal and out of phase by 120
S= √ 3 V L I L ; 3 V P I P
PHASE SEQUENCE OR PHASE ORDER – the order of rotation of the coil
voltage in a balanced polyphase system. P = real or active power
A – B – C sequence (positive sequence) Q = reactive power
A – C – B sequence (negative sequence) S= apparent power
 = pf angle
Note: To change the phase sequence from ABC to ACB, the direction of S= √ P2 +Q 2
rotation of the coil voltage must be reversed.
Q P Q
Note: Positive phase sequence are sometimes named 1-2-3 or R-Y-B sin θ= ;cos θ= ; tan θ=
sequence. S S P

BALANCED STAR OR WYE CONNECTED SYSTEM BALANCED WYE-CONNECTED LOADS

In this set-up, similar ends of the three phases are joined together to Note: A balanced load means equal magnitude of impedance and the
form a common junction, n, called neutral point. same power factor per phase.

Phase voltages: EA = EB = EC → EP Ep
I P= ; I =I
Zp L p
Line voltages: Eab = Ebc = Eca → EL

Relation between phase and line voltages:

EL
E P=
√3
E L =√3 E p Zp = load impedance per phase

Relation between phase and line currents: Problem 2. Three coils, each having a resistance of 20  and an
inductance of 47.75 mH are connected in star to a 400 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz
supply. Determine the
I L =I p
a. Line current
b. Total power absorbed
Ep = phase voltage (9.24<-36.87, 5120W)
EL = line to line voltage
IP = phase current Problem 3. The load to a 3-phase supply consists of three similar coils
IL = line current connected in star. The line currents are 25 A and the kVA and kW inputs
are 20 and 11, respectively. Find the
Note: The line voltage leads the corresponding phase voltage by an a. resistance of each coil
angle of 30. b. reactance of each coil
(5.87, 8.91)
Using double-subscript notation,
Problem 4. A balanced 3-phase wye-connected load takes 50 kW at a
Eab =Ean +(−E bn) leading current of 10 A, when the line current is 400-V, 60-Hz. Determine
the capacitance per phase?
Ebc =E bn+(−Ecn ) (165.78 µF)

Problem 5. Three equal star connected circuit components takes 8 kW at

Eca =Ecn +(−E an) a pf of 0.80 lagging when connected across 410V, 3-phase, 3-wire, 50 Hz.
Find the inductance per phase of the load.
Problem 1. A balanced 3-phase Y-connected source has, using positive (32.12 mH)
phase sequence, Ean = 390<30 V. Determine Eac.
(675.5<0 V) BALANCED DELTA-CONNECTED LOADS

BALANCED MESH OR DELTA CONNECTED SYSTEM Note: A balanced load means equal magnitude of impedance and the
In this set-up, dissimilar ends of the three phases are joined together, same power factor per phase.
the finishing end of one phase is connected to the starting end of the
other phase and so on to obtain the delta or mesh connection. Ep
I P= ; E =E p
Relation between phase and line voltages: Zp L

Page 1 of 18
 I L =√ 3 I P c. active and reactive power
(3.36<-9.89 A, 0.985 lagging, 2286 W + j399 VAR)
Zp = load impedance per phase
Problem 16. Three balanced three-phase loads are connected in parallel
Problem 6. Three impedances of (3 + j4) ohms are connected in delta
across a 220-V, 3-phase line. Find the total complex power drawn. across a 12.47 kV 3-phase supply: Load 1: Inductive load, 60 kW and 660
(17.424 kW + j23.232 kVAR) kVAR; Load 2: Capacitive load, 240 kW at 0.80 pf; Load 3: Resistive load
of 60 kW. Find the __
Problem 7. Three identical inductive impedances are connected in delta a. total kW, total kVAR and total kVA
across a 3-phase, 400-V supply. The line current is 34.65 A and the total b. total pf
power drawn is 14.4 kW. What is the resistance of each impedance? c. supply current
(12 ) (360 kW, 480 kVAR, 600 kVA, 0.6 lagging, 27.8 A)

Problem 8. A balanced delta-connected load takes a line current of 18 A UNBALANCED DELTA – CONNECTED LOADS
at a pf of 0.85 leading from a 400-V, 3-phase, 50 Hz supply. Calculate the Note: Zab K Zbc K Zca, since load is unbalanced
capacitance of each leg of the load. Eab E bc E ca
(157.11 µF) I ab= ; I bc = ; I ca=
Z ab Z bc Z ca
Problem 9. Three similar coils each having a resistance of 5  and an
inductance of 0.02 H are connected in delta to a 440-V, 3-phase, 50 Hz Apply KCL on the three junctions:
supply. Calculate the line current and total power absorbed.
(94.9 A, 45 kW) I a=I ab−I ca ; I b =I bc−I ab ; I c =I ca −I bc
Problem 17. Three impedances Z 12 = (10 + j10) , Z23 = (8.66 + j5)  and
Problem 10. A balanced delta connected load has a line voltage of 100 V Z31 = (12 + j6)  are delta connected to a 380 V, 3 phase balanced
at the load terminals and absorbs a total power of 4.8 kW. If the pf of system. Determine the current in each line.
the load is 0.80 leading, find the per phase reactance of the load. (51.6 A, 51.9 A, 56.6 A)
(3 )
Problem 18. A three phase, 120 V supply has a phase sequence of a-b-c
BALANCED WYE IMPEDANCES RECONNECTED TO DELTA OR VICE and delivers power to a group of delta connected impedances whose
VERSA values are Zab = 10 + j0; Z bc = 5 + j8.66; and Z ca = 8.66 + j5. Solve the total
active power drawn.
I ∆=3 I Y → P∆=3 PY (3407 W)

I = line current Problem 19. A 400-V, 50 Hz, 3-phase supply has 100  connected
P = total active power drawn between lines A and B, 318 mH connected between lines B and C, and
µF connected between lines C and A. Find the current in line C, assume
Problem 11. Three delta connected resistors draw 45 kW when a phase sequence of ABC.
connected across 230-V line. What will be the power drawn if the (4 A)
resistors are connected in star in the same line?
(15 kW) UNBALANCED WYE – CONNECTED LOADS WITHOUT A NEUTRAL
CONNECTION TO THE SOURCE
BALANCED WYE TO DELTA EQUIVALENT IMPEDANCES OR VICE VERSA
Note: The unbalanced wye-connected loads is converted to its delta
Z ∆=3 ZY equivalents and analyzed as unbalanced delta loads.

Problem 12. Three equal impedances (60 + j30) ohms are connected in Z a Z b + Z b Z c + Z c Z a Z eq
delta at the end of a three-phase transmission line which has an Z ab= =
impedance of (1 + j2) ohms per conductor. If the line voltage at the Zc Zc
generating station is maintained at 2300 V, find the line to line voltage
at the load. Z eq Z eq
(2126.5 V) Z bc= ; Z ca=
Za Zb
Problem 13. A 400-V, 3-phase, 3-wire line supplies power to two
balanced 3-phase loads in parallel; a wye-connected with each branch Problem 20. Three impedance loads are connected in wye in lines 1, 2,
impedance equal to (5 + j5) ohms and a delta-connected with each and 3. Z1 = -j100 ohms, Z2 = (100 + j0) ohms, and Z3 = (100 + j100) ohms.
branch impedance equal to (10 – j5) ohms. Solve the total line current The supply voltages are 200 V, balanced voltages. Using a phase
drawn from the supply. sequence of 1-2-3, solve the current in line 1.
(78.7 A) (1.35 A)

Problem 21. A 440-V balanced 3-phase supply feeds a star-connected

Problem 14. A 3-phase, 3-wire system, with an effective line voltage 250 load consisting of three resistances of 10 , 5 , and 12 respectively
V, supplies two balanced loads, one in delta with Z=15<0   and the connected to lines a, b, and c. Calculate the voltage drop in the 10- 
other in wye with Z = 10<30 . Solve the current in each line. resistance. Assume a-b-c phase sequence.
(42 A) (289.5 V)

THREE-PHASE BALANCED LOADS IN PARALLEL UNBALANCED WYE – CONNECTED LOADS WITH A NEUTRAL
CONNECTION TO THE SOURCE
Note: The most convenient way is to convert all loads into an equivalent
Y-connected loads. Then these loads in parallel can be treated on a Since a neutral point of the load (unbalanced wye) is connected to the
single-phase basis (line to neutral) to find the various circuit values like neutral point of the source, then, the phase voltage of the load is equal
currents, voltages, power factors, etc. EL
to .
√3
Problem 15. Three star-connected impedances, (20 + j37.7) ohms per
phase are connected in parallel with three delta connected impedances Ean Ebn E cn
(30 – j159.3) ohms per phase. The line voltage is 398V. Find the __ I a= ; I b= ; I c=
a. total line current Za Zb Zc
b. circuit pf
Page 2 of 18
 I n=I a + I b + I c
W 1=E ba I b cos θ1
In = current flowing in the neutral conductor
W 2= Eca I c cos θ2
Problem 22. An unbalanced 4-wire star-connected load has balanced
voltages of 440-V. The loads are Z 1 = (10 + j0) , Z2 = (5 -j10) , Z3 = (15 – 1 = angle between vector Eba and vector Ib
j5) . Calculate the current in the neutral wire. Assume a phase 2 = angle between vector Eca and vector Ic
sequence of 1-2-3.
(27.2 A) Ptotal=W 1+W 2
Problem 23. Non-reactive loads of 10 kW, 6 kW, and 4 kW are connected
Ptotal = total 3-phase power drawn, in watts (W)
between lines a, b, c, and the neutral. Find the current in the neutral
wire. Assume a line voltage of 400 V.
(22.9 A) Problem 27. A 3-phase, 3-wire balanced Y-connected load takes a line
current of 30 A at a 0.70 pf lagging. Line voltage is 400 V. A single-phase
wattmeter is connected in the circuit with its current coil in line 1 while
THREE – PHASE LOADS AND SINGLE – PHASE LOADS CONNECTED IN
its potential coil in lines 2 & 3. Determine the reading of the wattmeter.
PARALLEL
(8569 W)
Note: The combination of a 3-phase loads and single-phase loads
Problem 28. A 230-V balanced 3-phase source delivers power to the
connected on the same feeder will cause an unbalance current on the
following delta connected loads. The three delta currents are I 12 = (12
three line conductors. +j0) A; I23 = (6 – j10.39) A; I31 = (8 +j13.86) A respectively. Determine the
readings of the two watt-meters properly connected with line 2 as the
Problem 24. A balance 208-V, 3-phase, 4-wire system is supplying power common potential terminal.
to a 3-phase, 5-hp induction motor and a single-phase 6 kW heater (920.3 W; 5060 W)
connected between line c and the neutral wire. If the efficiency and pf of
the motor are 0.81 and 0.71 respectively, solve the current in line c. Problem 29. A 3-phase, 120-V supply has a phase sequence of a-b-c and
(64 A) delivers power to a group of delta-connected impedances whose values
are Zab = (10 +j0) ; Zbc = (5 + j8.66) ; Zca = (8.66 + j5) ; respectively.
Problem 25. A 3-phase, 230-V, 3-wire feeder is supplying power to two Solve the readings of two wattmeters properly connected to measure
different loads: Load A: 10 kVA, 3-phase, pf=0.70 lag. Load B: 5 kW, total power with the common potential terminal on line c.
single-phase, pf=1.0, connected across lines 2 and 3. Solve the current in (3407 W)
line 3.
TWO – WATTMETER READING FOR A BALANCED THREE-PHASE LOAD
(46.41 A)
Note: When load is balanced, the readings of the two wattmeters
Problem 26. A 230-V, 3-phase, 3-wire feeder is serving two different properly connected are
loads: The first is a 3-phase motor load drawing 10 kVA at 0.70 pf. The
second load is a 5 kW heater load connected across lines 1 & 3. W 1=E L I L cos(30−θ)
Determine the current in line 3.
(37.276 A)
W 2= EL I L cos(30+θ)
SINGLE – PHASE WATTMETER
W1= reading of wattmeter 1, in watts (W)
A single-phase wattmeter consists of two coils, one fixed and one W2= reading of wattmeter 21, in watts (W)
movable carrying a pointer which moves over a scale. The fixed coil is EL = line voltage, in volts (V)
called current coil is of low resistance in series with the line so that it IL = line current, in amperes (A)
carries the line current. The movable coil is called potential coil of high  = pf angle of the balanced load
resistance and is connected like a voltmeter across the line.
Pt =W 1 +W 2
P=EI cos θ
Qt =√ 3 ( W 1−W 2 ) → W 1> W 2
P = wattmeter reading, in watts (W)
E = voltage across the load, in volts (V)
Pt = total active power, (W or kW)
I = current drawn by load in amperes (A)
Qt = total reactive power drawn, (VAR or kVAR)
 = angle between vector E and vector I

TWO – WATTMETER METHOD OF POWER MEASUREMENT IN A THREE Q √ 3 ( W 1−W 2 )

– PHASE SYSTEM
tan θ= =
P W 1+W 2
Note: In this method, one of the line (any of the three lines) will be used
Problem 30. The power input to a 480 V, 3-phase motor running at full
as the common potential point of the wattmeter’s potential coil.
load is measured by two wattmeters which indicate 25.4 kW and 17.2
W 1=E ac I a cos θ1 kW respectively. Determine the line current drawn by the motor.
(54 A)
W 2= Ebc I b cos θ2
Problem 31. Two wattmeters used to measure the total power drawn by
1 = angle between vector Eac and vector Ia a three-phase circuit and are properly connected. The first wattmeter
2 = angle between vector Ebc and vector Ib reads 4800 W while the other reads 400 W after reversing its current
coil. Solve for the load pf.
(0.439, lagging)
W 1=E ab I a cos θ1
Problem 32. In a balanced, 230-V, 3-phase circuit, two wattmeters are
W 2= Ecb I c cos θ2 properly connected to indicate the total power. If the readings are 8140
W and -2980 W, calculate the line current.
1 = angle between vector Eab and vector Ia (50 A)
2 = angle between vector Ecb and vector Ic
Page 3 of 18
Problem 33. The ratio of the wattmeter readings in a 3-phase inductive A low power factor load is corrected to increase its pf by connecting a
system is 2:1, when power is measured by the two- wattmeter method. bank of capacitors across the load. This bank of capacitors is either wye-
Determine the pf. connected or delta-connected.
(0.866)
E2L
Problem 34. A 3-phase delta load with an impedance per phase of (7.071 X c= → wye−connected
+j7.071) ohms. The load is connected across a 200-V, 3-phase source. If Qp
the power input to the load is measured by two wattmeters, find the
reading of each wattmeter. 2
EL
(6692 W, 1793 W) X c= → delta−connected
Qp
Problem 35. At what pf will the reading on one of the wattmeters in a
two-wattmeter method be zero? Xc = reactance per phase (ohm)
(0.5) Qp = reactive power per phase (VAR)
Ep = voltage per phase (volt)
Problem 36. A 3-phase, 3-wire balanced delta connected load yields EL = line voltage per phase (volt)
wattmeter readings of 1154 W and 557 W. Determine the load
resistance per phase if the line voltage is 100 V. CASE I: After correction, the pf is still lagging.
(12.85 )
1
TOTAL REACTIVE POWER MEASUREMENT (VARS) USING A SINGLE QC =P L ( tanθ L −tanθ new ) → Q P = QC
WATTMETER (WATTS)
3
SL= old apparent power of the load, (VA)
Q= √3 ⋅Wattmeter reading Snew = new apparent power of the load, (VA)
QC = reactive power of the capacitor, (VAR)
Q = total reactive power drawn by load, in VARS QL = old reactive power of the load, (VAR)
Qnew = new reactive power of the load, (VAR)
ONE-WATTMETER METHOD OF MEASURING POWER DRAWN BY A PL = old active power of the load (W)
BALANCED 3-PHASE LOAD Pnew = new active power of the load (W)

 Potential Lead-Shift Method: One of the potential terminals of the CASE II: After correction, the pf is unity.
wattmeter is shifted from line b as shown for the first reading, then
to line c for the second reading. Total power is equal to the sum of Note: Since the final pf is unity then,
the two readings.
1
First Reading=E L I L cos(30−θ) QC =Q L → QP= QC
3
Second Reading=E L I L cos (30+θ) CASE III: After correction, the pf is leading.

EL = line to line voltage, in volts (V) 1

IL = line current, in amperes (A) QC =P L ( tan θ L + tanθ new )→Q P= QC
 = pf angle of the load 3

Problem 37. A wattmeter is used to measure the power drawn by a 440- Problem 38. A 220-V, 60-Hz, 3-phase line delivers 5 kVA at a lagging pf of
V, 3-phase induction motor. The current coil is placed in line 1 while the 0.50 to a balanced load consuming a fixed amount of real power. A
potential coil is shifted from lines 1 & 2, then from lines 1 & 3 balanced capacitor load is connected in parallel in order to increase the
respectively. If the wattmeter registers 5500 and 3800 W, respectively, pf to 0.80 lagging. Calculate the required capacitance for a wye-
what is the line current drawn by the motor. connected set of capacitors.
(12.8 A) (134.5 F)

 Current Transformer Method: This method gives the direct Problem 39. A 3-phase, 50 Hz, 400 V motor develops 100 hp, the pf being
measurement of the total power in a balanced three-phase system. 0.75 lagging and efficiency 0.93. A bank of capacitors is connected in
This method uses a pair of current transformers. delta across the supply terminals and pf is raised to 0.95 lagging. Each of
the capacitance units is built of 4 similar 100 V capacitors. Determine the
capacitance of each capacitor.
Ptotal=3 ⋅Wattmeter Reading (1177.6 F)

 Per Phase Method: This method is applicable if there is a neutral Problem 40. Three loads are connected in parallel across a 12.47 kV, 60-
wire. The reading on the wattmeter is equal to the power drawn Hz, 3-phase supply; Load 1: Inductive load, 60 kW and 660 kVAR; Load 2:
per phase. Capacitive load, 240 kW at 0.80 pf; Load 3: Resistive load of 60 kW. A
wye-connected capacitor bank is connected in parallel with the loads.
Ptotal =3 ⋅Wattmeter Reading What is the capacitance per phase to improve the overall pf to 0.80
lagging?
 Artificial Neutral Method: This method requires three identical (3.58 F)
resistors connected in wye configuration.
Problem 41. A 3-phase, 50 hp, 440 V, 50 Hz induction motor operates on
Ptotal=3 ⋅Wattmeter Reading full load with an efficiency of 89% and at a pf of 0.85 lagging. A capacitor
bank is connected in parallel to raise the full load pf to 0.95 lagging.
What will be the capacitance per phase if the capacitors are delta-
 T-Method: This method requires two identical resistors.
connected?
(66.85 F)
Ptotal =2 ⋅Wattmeter Reading
Problem 42. A 3-phase, 12-kVA load A operating at 0.70 pf lagging and a
POWER FACTOR CORRECTION IN 3-PHASE SYSTEM USING A BANK OF 3-phase 10 kVA load B operating at 0.80 pf lagging are connected in
CAPACITORS parallel and supplied by a 3-phase 440-V, 60 Hz generator. A wye-

Page 4 of 18
connected capacitor bank is connected in parallel to correct the pf. Z actual S base Z actual
Determine the capacitance per phase to make the overall pf equal to Z pu = = 2
a. unity Z base Ebase (¿)
b. 0.90 lagging
(199.65 F, 90.86 F) Ebase = line to line voltage rating, (V)
Sbase = rated apparent power, (VA)
Problem 43. A 500 kVA transformer is at full load and 0.60 lagging pf. A Zactual = ohmic impedance, (ohm)
capacitor bank is added improving the pf to 0.90 lagging. After
improvement, what percent of rated kVA is the transformer carrying? Problem 47. In a circuit analyses, the bases chosen are 34.5 kV and 100
(66.67%) MVA. What is the impedance base?
(11.9025 )
POWER FACTOR CORRECTION USING SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
Problem 48. During the short circuit test of a 25-kVA, 480/120-V
After connecting a synchronous motor operating at a leading pf, the total transformer, 17.85 V causes the rated current in the primary winding.
pf of the circuit will increase. Solve the percent impedance.
(3.718 %)
Note: An electrical load is usually a lagging pf.
PER UNIT VALUE BASED ON A NEW VOLTAGE BASE AND NEW POWER
QL = reactive power of the load, (VAR) BASE
QSM = reactive power of the synchronous motor, (VAR)
Qtotal = total reactive power, (VAR) p . u .(new ) 2
PL= active power of the load (W) =( S new−base ¿ ¿ ¿ S old−base ¿ ¿ ) ( E old−base ¿ ¿ ¿ Enew−base ¿ ¿ )
PSM = active power of the synchronous motor, (W) p .u .(old)
SL= apparent power of the load, (VA)
SSM = total apparent power of the synchronous motor, (VA) Problem 49. The per unit impedance of a transformer is 2%, based on 50
Stotal = total apparent power, (VA) MVA and 13.8 kV. Solve the new per unit impedance if the base is
change to 100 MVA and 6.9 kV?
2 2 2
S =P +Q (16%)

P Q P Problem 50. The per unit impedance of a transformer is 2%. If the base
cos θ= ; sin θ= ; tan θ= voltage and base power are reduced to 50%, what will be the new per
S S Q unit impedance?
(4%)
Problem 44. A factory load of 900 kW at 0.6 pf lagging is to be increased
to 0.9 by the addition of a synchronous motor that takes 450 kW. At Problem 51. The per unit impedance of a system is 0.7 pu. The base kVA
what pf must this motor operate? is 300 kVA and the base voltage is 11 kV. What is the per unit impedance
(0.636 leading) referred to the 400 kVA and 38 kV base values?
(0.0782 p.u.)
Problem 45. An overexcited synchronous motor is connected across a
150-kVA inductive load of 0.7 lagging pf. The motor takes 12 kW while SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS
running on no-load. Calculate the kVA rating of the motor if it is desired
to bring the overall pf of the motor-inductive load combination to unity. According to Fortescue’s Theorem, three unbalance phasors of a 3-
(107.78 kVA) phase system can be resolved into three balanced systems of phasors
namely,
Problem 46. An electrical system has a load of 5000 kW at a lagging pf of
0.67. If a 3000 kVA synchronous condenser is installed for pf correction Positive sequence components consisting of three phasors of equal
purposes, calculate the overall pf. magnitude, displaced from each other by 120 and having the same
(0.891 lagging) phase sequence as the original phasors.

Problem 47. A synchronous motor absorbing 60 kW is connected in I a 1=I a 1 ∠0=I a 1

parallel with a load of 240 kW having a lagging pf of 0.8. If the combined
load has a pf of 0.9, at what pf is it working? 2
(0.865 lead) I b 1=I a 1 ∠ 240 °=a I a 1
PER UNIT VALUE IN TRANSFORMER PARAMETERS I c1 =I a 1 ∠ 120° =aI a 1
The per unit value of any quantity is defned as the ratio of the quantity
to its base or reference value. a=1∠120 °
2
For single-phase system: a =1∠240 °
2
S base E base E base 1+a+ a2=0
I base= ; Z base= =
Ebase I base Sbase
Negative sequence components consisting of three phasors of equal
magnitude, displaced from each other by 120 and having phase
Z actual S base Z actual sequence opposite to that of the original phasors.
Z pu = =
Z base Ebase
I a 0=I b 0=I c 0
For three-phase system:
I a=I a 0 + I a1 + I a 2
2
S base Ebase (¿)
I base= ; Z base= 2
I b=I b 0 + I b1 + I b 2 → I a 0+ a I a 1 +aI a 2
√3 E base Sbase

Zero sequence components consisting of three phasors of equal

magnitude, and with zero displacement from each other.
Page 5 of 18
 2 When a complex (non-sinusoidal wave) alternating wave is applied to a
I c =I c0 + I c 1+ I c 2 → I a 0 + aI a1 + a I a 2
circuit containing resistance, inductance, and capacitance or
combination of them, the principle of superposition can be applied to
1 find the current drawn from the supply.
I a 0= (I a + I b + I c )
3
y ( t ) =A dc + A m 1 sin ( wt ±α 1 ) + Am 2 sin ( 2 wt ± α 2 ) +…
1 2
I a 1= ( I a +aI b + a I c )
3 Note: A fundamental wave is otherwise called a first harmonic wave.

1 2
I a 2= ( I a +a I b +aI c )
3
2

√1 2
RMS= A dc + Σ ( A m)
2

RMS=√ A dc + Σ( A rms )
2 2
1+a
Problem 52. In symmetrical components, simplify the expression,
1+ a2 STANDARD RULE: If it is using lowercase letter for the equation, then it is
(-0.5 + j0.866) maximum value or if it is using capital letter for the equation, then it is
RMS value.
Problem 53. The symmetrical components of a set of unbalanced 3-
phase currents are: Problem 59. Find the effective current flowing in a series circuit
I a 0=3 ∠−30° ; I a 1=5 ∠ 90 ° ; I a 2=4 ∠30° . Determine the composed of a sinusoidal emf, e=151sin377t V connected in series with a
original unbalanced phasors. dc emf of 110 V and in series to a load of (10 +j8) ohms.
(13.8 A)
I a=8.185 ∠42.216 ° A ; I b =4 ∠−30 ° A ; I c =8.185 ∠−102.216 ° A
Problem 60. The current through a purely inductive coil of self-
Problem 54. Solve the symmetrical components for the following set of inductance of 15.9 mH is given by i=20sin(314t - /2) + 5sin(942t - /2)
unbalanced voltages: + 2sin(1570t - /2). Find the equation of the applied voltage.
V a =300∠−120 ° ; V b=200 ∠ 90 ° ; V c =100∠−30 ° . (100sin314t + 75sin942t + 50sin1570t)
V a 0 =42.265 ∠−120 ° V ;V a 1=193.185∠−135 ° V ; V a2 =86.947 ∠−84.896° V
Problem 61. A current wave is given by i=10 + 5cos(628t + 30 ).
Determine the RMS value of the current.
(10.606 A)
NEUTRAL CURRENT IN A 3-PHASE, 4-WIRE SYSTEM
Problem 62. A series RL circuit has voltage and current equations of
e=141.42sin230t + 141.42sin290t V and i=9.8sin(230t - 30) +
Ia 5.66sin(290t - 60) A. Determine the power drawn by the circuit.
a (800 W)

Ib Problem 63. A non-sinusoidal voltage wave consists of a fundamental

and a third harmonic. If the effective values of the composite and the
b fundamental waves are 240 V and 230 V, respectively, calculate the
Ic effective value of the third harmonic.
(68.55 V)
c
Problem 64. A two-element series circuit with R=10  and L=20 mH has a
In current i=5sin100t + 3sin300t + 2sin500t A. Find the effective applied
n voltage.
(48 V)

Problem 65. Find the average power supplied to a network if the applied
I n=3 I ao voltage and resulting current are: e=50sin5000t + 30sin10000t +
20sin20000t, V; i=11.2 sin(5000t + 63.4) + 10.6 sin(10000t + 45) + 8.97
I ao=I bo=I co sin(20000t + 26.6), A.
(318 W)
Problem 55. In a 3-phase system, phase a is on no-load and phase b and
c are short-circuited to ground. The currents are given: Problem 66. A current wave is given by
I b=91.65 ∠160.9 ° A ; I n=60 ∠ 90 ° A . Find the symmetrical i=4+2 √ 2sin 3 wt + 4 √ 2 sin 5 wt A . Determine the rms value of
components of currents Ia0, Ia1, and Ia2. the current.
(6 A)
I a 0=20 ∠ 90 ° A ; I a 1=60 ∠−90 ° A ; I a 2=40∠ 90° A
Problem 67. A complex wave of rms value of 240 V has 20% third
Problem 56. In symmetrical components, “a – a2” is equal to ____. harmonic content, 5% fifth harmonic content, and 2% seventh harmonic
(j1.732) content. Find the rms value of the fundamental.
(235 V)
Problem 57. The phase currents in a Y-connected unbalanced load are I a
= 44 – j33, Ib = -32 – j24, and Ic = -40 + j25. Determine the negative Problem 68. A single-phase voltage source is given by e=141sinwt + 42.3
sequence component current of phase a. sin3wt + 28.8sin5wt. The corresponding current in the load circuit is
(12.52 – j13.476 A) given by i=16.5sin(wt + 54.5 ) + 8.43sin(3wt - 38) + 4.65sin(5wt – 34.3).
Find the power supplied to the load.
Problem 58. The sequence component of phase b current are: I b0 = 0.77 + (871.3 W)
j1.88, Ib1 = 14.788 – j9.169 and I b2 = -4.717 + j0.148. What is the phase a
line current?
(3.803 + j23.282 A) PRACTICE PROBLEMS

AC CIRCUITS SUPPLIED WITH A NON-SINUSOIDAL WAVE

Page 6 of 18
1. Three 3-phase balanced loads are connected in parallel across a 400- 13. A 3-phase balanced load has 10- resistance in each of its phases.
V, 3-phase, 3-wire balanced supply. The load is supplied by a 220-V, 3-phase source. Calculate the power
Load 1: 12 kW, delta-connected, pf=1.0 absorbed by the load if it is connected in wye.
Load 2: 9 kVA, wye-connected, pf=0.866 lag a. 4.84 kW c. 5.43 kW
Load 3: 6 kVAR, delta-connected, pf=0, capacitive b. 14.52 kW d. 10.2 kW
Find the current drawn from the line.
a. 18.45 A c. 24.16 A 14. Determine the total complex power of the following parallel
b. 21.28 A d. 28.65 A connected loads: Load 1, 200 VA, pf=0.70 lagging; Load 2, 350 VA,
pf=0.50 lagging; load 3, 275 VA, pf=1.0.
2. Three impedances of 3 +j4  are connected in delta to a 220-V, 3- a. 590 + j444, VA c. 560 + j450, VA
phase line. Find the total complex power drawn. b. 550 + j480, VA d. 580 + j500, VA
a. 6.92 + j5.19 kVA c. 17.4 + j23.2 kVA
b. 6.92 - j5.19 kVA d. 17.4 - j23.2 kVA 15. A 3-phase, 3-wire system, with an effective line voltage 250 V,
supplies two balanced loads, one in delta with (15 + j0) ohms and the
3. A 3-phase, 4-wire system supplies a lighting load of 40 A, 30 A and 20 other in wye with (8.66 + j5) ohms per phase. Solve the current in each
A respectively in the three phases. If the line voltage is 400 V, determine line.
the current in the neutral wire. a. 45 A c. 48 A
a. 17.32 A c. 19.41 A b. 42 A d. 40 A
b. 18.14 A d. 16.72 A
16. Three similar coils connected in wye take a total power of 3 kW at a
4. A 460-V, 3-phase source supplies a balanced load of 200 kW at a pf of 0.80 lagging from a 3-phase, 400 V, 60 Hz supply. What is the
lagging pf of 0.707 and two wattmeters are properly connected to inductance of the coil?
measure the total power. Which one is the deflection registered on one a. 0.068 H c. 0.051 H
of the meters? b. 0.045 H d. 0.036 H
a. 149.50 kW c. 152.75 kW
b. 145.85 kW d. 157.75 kW 17. Two wattmeters connected to measure the power input to a 3-phase
circuit indicates 8 kW and 4 kW. Determine the pf of the load.
5. Three similar coils each of resistance of 20 ohms and inductance of a. 0.707 c. 0.866
0.10 H are connected in delta across a 3-phase, 60 Hz, 230 V source. b. 0.91 d. 0.806
Determine the total power absorbed.
a. 1929 W c. 643 W 18. A wattmeter has its current coil connected in line 1, while its
b. 1750 W d. 583 W potential coils is connected across lines 2 & 3. If this wattmeter reads 1
kW, the total reactive power of the load is ___.
6. A 3-phase, 30 MVA, 15 kV, star-connected alternator will have a per a. 1000 VAR c. 1732 VAR
phase nominal impedance of ____ ohms. b. 2000 VAR d. 0 VAR
a. 9 c. 7.5
b. 15 d. 18 19. A balanced delta-connected load takes a line current of 18 A at a pf
of 0.85 leading from a 400 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz supply. Calculate the
7. A 3-phase, 5 kW induction motor has a pf of 0.75 lagging. A bank of capacitance of each leg of the load.
capacitors connected in delta across the supply terminals to raise the pf a. 157 µF c. 145 µF
to 0.90 lagging. Determine the kVAR rating of the capacitors connected b. 128 µF d. 133 µF
per phase.
a. 0.614 c. 0.663 20. A balanced, 3-phase, star connected load of 150 kW takes a lagging
b. 0.628 d. 0.654 current of 100 A with a line voltage of 1 100 V, 60 Hz. Find the reactance
of the load per phase.
8. Three identical impedances are connected in delta to a 3-phase supply a. 5.1  c. 3.3 
to 400 V. The line current is 34.65 A and the total power taken from the b. 3.9  d. 2.8 
supply is 14.4 kW. Calculate the resistance of each impedance.
a. 12  c. 16  21. A 440 V, 3-phase, 3-wire system feeds two balanced wye-connected
b. 10  d. 14  loads. One load is an induction motor which may be represented by an
impedance of 10 + j5 ohms per phase. The other is a lighting load
9. Two of the line currents in an unbalanced 3-phase, 3-wire circuits are equivalent to 15 ohms per phase. Find the total average power.
IA = 17.89<-71.4 A, and IB = 16.4<156 A. What is the value of the third a. 32.11 kW c. 30.28 kW
line current IC? b. 25.52 kW d. 28.37 kW

10. A balanced 3-phase load consumes a total power of 100 kW at a pf 22. The nameplate of an ac motor reads as follows: 100 hp; 3-phase; 400
of 0.60 lagging, the line voltage being 1 kV. Determine the value of the V; 0.80 pf; delta-connected. If the efficiency of the motor at the rated
reactive component per phase assuming wye connection with resistance output is given as 88%, determine the current in the motor windings.
and reactance in parallel. a. 153 A c. 88.3 A
a. 7.5  c. 10.5  b. 132.8 A d. 96.2 A
b. 8  d. 6 
23. A Y-connected 400 Hp, 2 kV, 60 Hz, motor operates at a pf of 0.70
11. Solve the total pf of the following parallel connected loads: Load 1, 5 lagging and efficiency of 85%. A bank of mesh-connected condensers is
kW, pf=0.80 lagging; Load 2, 4 kVA, 2 kVAR (capacitive); Load 3, 6 kVA, connected in parallel to raise the pf to 0.93 lagging. Determine the kVAR
pf=0.90 lagging. rating of each capacitor unit required if each unit is rated 500 V, 60 Hz.
a. 0.954 lagging c. 0.954 lagging a. 18.28 kVAR c. 219.36 kVAR
b. 0.977 lagging d. 0.977 lagging b. 20.14 kVAR d. 73.13 kVAR

12. Two balanced y-connected loads A and B are connected across a 3- 24. Two different loads of A and B are connected across a balanced 230
phase, 3-wire balanced system. Load A draws 6 kW at 80% pf lagging V, 3-phase lines. Load A is a 3-phase load that draws 10 kVA at 70%
while load B draws 12 kW at 83.5% pf leading. If the current in the three lagging pf. Load B is a 1-phase load connected across lines a and b
lines are each equal to 8 A, determine the current drawn by load A. drawing 5 kVA at unity pf. Determine line current in line a. Assume a
a. 4.29 A c. 6.34 A phase sequence of a-b-c.
b. 5.12 A d. 3.28 A a. 37 A c. 28 A
b. 33 A d. 45 A

Page 7 of 18
25. On a 120/208-V 4-wire Y system, two lamps are connected from 37. Three wye-connected impedance of (3 +j5) ohms per phase are
phase A to neutral, five lamps from phase B to neutral, and four lamps connected across a balanced 3-phase source of 100 V per phase through
from phase C to neutral. If the lamps have the same rating and each a line impedance of (1 +j1) ohm. Determine the magnitude of the line
draws 2 A, find the current in the neutral wire. current.
a. 0 A c. 6.93 A a. 16.31 A c. 13.86 A
b. 8.66 A d. 5.29 A b. 12.45 A d. 17.15 A

26. A 3-phase, 100 Hp mesh connected induction motor has a full-load 38. An alternator is delivering a balanced load at 0.866 pf lagging. The
efficiency of 92% and a pf of 0.85. It is supplied by a three-phase star phase angle between the line voltage and the phase current is ___.
connected generator. Line voltage is 1 kV. Find the current in its motor a. 30 c. 60
phase. b. 45 d. 90
a. 55.08 A c. 31.81 A
b. 34.56 A d. 32.78 A 39. A balanced, 500 kVA, 3-phase, 440 V, 60 Hz, inductive load operates
at a pf of 75%. Determine the total capacitor kVAR required to improve
27. Obtain the readings of two wattmeters in a 3-phase, 3-wire system the pf to 95%.
having effective line voltage of 240 V. The load is a balanced delta a. 207.5 kVAR c. 198.2 kVAR
connected load impedance of 20 cis 80 ohms. b. 310.5 kVAR d. 168.3 kVAR
a. -1706 W; 3206 W c. -1706 W; 3210 W
b. -1507 W; 3206 W d. -1507 W; 3210 W 40. Determine the operating pf of a 3-phase balanced load if the
readings of the two wattmetes properly connected to measure power is
28. A delta connected impedance takes a line current of 100 A when 3:1.
connected across a 230 V, 3-phase source. Determine the impedance. a. 0.756 c. 0.671
a. 5  c. 2.3  b. 0.863 d. 0.707
b. 2.3  d. 3.98  41. Three similar coils are star connected to a 3-phase, 50 Hz supply. The
line current taken is 25 A and two single wattmeter connected to
29. A star connected source, the voltage across each phase of which is measure the input indicates 5.185 and 10.37 kW respectively.
120 V, delivers a balanced load of 40 kW at a pf of 0.855 lagging. Determine the reactance of the coil.
Calculate the line current. a. 4.8  c. 4.5 
a. 130 A c. 225 A b. 8.6  d. 6.8 
b. 100 A d. 90 A
42. Each phase of a star-connected load consists of a non-reactive
30. Two wattmeters in a 3-phase, 3-wire system with effective line resistance of 100  in parallel with a capacitor of capacitance 31.8 F.
voltage of 120 V read 1500 W and 500 W. What is the impedance of the Determine the line current when connected to a 416-V, 3-phase, 50 Hz
balanced delta connected load? supply.
a. 12.32 + j10.67  c. 12.32 + j11.52  a. 3.4 A c. 3.0 A
b. 11.62 + j11.52  d. 11.62 + j10.67  b. 4.2 A d. 2.7 A

31. Three 40  non-inductive resistances are connected in star across a 43. Three identical impedances are connected in delta to a 3-phase
200-V, 3-phase lines. Calculate the power taken from the mains. supply of 400 V. The line current is 34.65 A and the total power taken
a. 4000 W c. 1000 W from the supply is 14.4 kW. Calculate the reactance of each impedance.
b. 2000 W d. 3000 W a. 12  c. 16 
b. 10  d. 14 
32. A 3-phase balanced load draws 10 kVA at 60% pf lagging from a
source of 220 V. It is in parallel with a balanced delta load having 16 44. A 3-phase motor draws 20 kVA at 0.707 pf lagging from a 220-V
ohms resistance and 12 ohms capacitive reactance in series in each source. Determine the kVAR rating of capacitors necessary to make the
phase. Determine total line current drawn. combined pf to 0.90 lagging.
a. 29.3 A c. 35.1 A a. 14.14 c. 6.85
b. 38.2 A d. 32.4 A b. 10.63 d. 7.29

33. A balanced, Y-connected load of non-inductive resistances is 45. A 3-phase, 4-wire star-connected system with 230-V between each
connected in parallel with a balanced delta-connected load across a phase and neutral has resistances of 4, 5, and 6  respectively in the
balanced 300-V, 3-phase circuit. The total power absorbed by both loads three phases. Estimate the current in the neutral.
is 19.75 kW. If the impedance of each delta branch is 5 + j10 ohms, what a. 16.7 A c. 12.5 A
is the resistance of each Y-branch? b. 19.3 A d. 10.2 A
a. 5  c. 12.33 
b. 10.05  d. 15.69  46. In a balanced, 230-V, 3-phase circuit, two wattmeters are connected
to indicate the total power. The readings are 8140 W and -2980 W. If a
34. Two wattmeters connected to measure 3-phase power read 60 kW single wattmeter is used to measure the total power, what will be its
and 40 kW. Determine the total kVA. reading using the T-method?
a. 109.32 c. 105.83 a. 5160 W c. 3870 W
b. 112.41 d. 110.22 b. 1290 W d. 2580 W

35. Three identical star-connected coils are supplied with 440-V, 50 Hz, 47. Three equal resistances connected in star carry a line current of 10
3-phase supply. A single-phase wattmeter whose current coil is A. If the same resistances are connected in delta across the same supply,
connected in line 1 and the potential coil across line 1 and the neutral what is the line current?
reads 6 kW. If the ammeter connected in line 1 reads 30 A, find the a. 30 A c. 3.33 A
inductance of each coils. b. 10 A d. 12 A
a. 15.16 mH c. 16.62 mH
b. 17.87 mH d. 17.47 mH 48. A balanced 3-phase wye-connected load of 150 kW takes a leading
current of 100 A, when the line is 2400 V, 60 Hz. What is the capacitance
36. A 3-phase, 3-wire balanced delta connected load yields wattmeter per phase?
readings of 1154 W and 557 W. Obtain the load resistance per phase if a. 100 µF c. 150 µF
the line voltage is 100 V. b. 303 µF d. 205 µF
a. 18.33  c. 12.25 
b. 10.66  d. 12.85  49. A 3-phase line has an impedance of (0.4 + j2.7)  per phase. The line
feeds two balanced 3-phase loads that are connected in parallel. The
first load is absorbing 560.1 kVA at 0.707 pf lagging. The second load
Page 8 of 18
absorbs 132 kW at unity pf. The line to line voltage at the load end of 60. A 3-phase, delta-connected induction motor has a full load rating of
the line is 3810.5 V. Determine the magnitude of the line voltage at the 100 Hp, the pf being 0.85 and efficiency of 91%. If the line voltage is
source end of the line. 1100 V, calculate the line current.
a. 4160 V c. 4380 V a. 50.63 A c. 46.35 A
b. 4280 V d. 4460 V b. 32.45 A d. 41.28 A

50. In a 3-phase, 4-wire system, the currents in two phases are (8 – j6) A 61. Two wattmeters are used to measure the total power drawn by a
and (3.6 – j4.8 A) and the third phase is open circuited. Determine the balanced delta connected load. If the wattmeters read 1200 W, and 800
current through the neutral. W respectively, and the line to line voltage is 208 V, solve for the
a. 16.32 A c. 15.85 A resistance per phase of the load.
b. 12.45 A d. 4 A a. 51.31  c. 57.94 
b. 31.72  d. 20.07 
51. A 400-V, 3-phase, 3-wire system feeds balanced 3-phase load in
parallel; one wye-connected with each branch impedance equal to (5 + 62. Three similar coils each having a resistance of 15  and an
j5) ohms and the other delta connected with each branch impedance inductance of 0.04 H are connected in star to a 3-phase, 50 cps, 200 V
equal to (10 – j5) ohms. Calculate the total line current drawn from the between lines. Calculate the total power absorbed.
supply. a. 1566 W c. 1787 W
a. 63.91 A c. 83.24 A b. 1245 W d. 1655 W
b. 78.62 A d. 91.58 A
63. A 2300 V, 60 Hz, 3-phase system supplies a 120-kW, 0.6 pf lagging 3-
52. A balanced 3-phase, 3-wire, 240 V, 60 Hz, abc system supplies power phase balanced load. Solve the capacitance in each phase of a Y-
to a star connected resistances of 8, 10, and 15 ohms respectively. What connected capacitor bank to adjust the pf to 0.90 lagging.
is the current through the 15- resistance? a. 45 µF c. 58 µF
a. 14.5 A c. 16.2 A b. 51 µF d. 54 µF
b. 12.2 A d. 10.7 A
64. The power taken by a balanced 3-phase load is measured using only
53. A 3-phase, 40 kW, 440 V, 60 Hz induction motor operates at full load one wattmeter. If the wattmeter reads 1500 W, what is the total power
with an efficiency of 90% at 0.80 lagging pf. It is required to raise the full taken by the load? Assume it is a T-method.
load pf to 0.90 lagging. A 3-phase bank of capacitors are connected a. 3000 W c. 1500 W
across the load. What will be the capacitance per phase if the capacitors b. 4500 W d. 6000 W
are delta-connected?
a. 54 µF c. 49 µF 65. Three similar coils each having a resistance of 4  and inductive
b. 39 µF d. 11 µF reactance of 8  are connected in star across a 400 V supply. Calculate
the phase current.
54. A balanced delta-connected load when supplied from a 230 V, 60 Hz, a. 22.38 A c. 25.82 A
3-phase supply draws a line current of 10 A at a pf of 0.8 lagging. b. 44.72 A d. 31.91 A
Determine the inductance of the load per phase.
a. 31.8 mH c. 63.4 mH 66. A 3-phase balanced load draws a line current of 80 A at 0.90 lagging
b. 23.9 mH d. 45.2 mH pf. Solve the minimum size in kVAR of the capacitor bank needed to
raise the pf to 0.95 leading, if the line to line voltage is 13200 V.
55. The two-wattmeter method is used in measuring power taken by a a. 1260 c. 1338
balanced delta connected load. The wattmeters read 1500 W and 500 b. 1259 d. 1180
W, respectively. If the line voltage is 120 V, determine the magnitude of
the impedance per phase. 67. A balanced 3-phase star connected load of 150 kW takes a leading
a. 24.25  c. 28.20  current of 100 A with a line voltage of 1100 V, 50 Hz. Find the
b. 16.33  d. 9.76  capacitance of the load per phase.
a. 108 µF c. 125 µF
56. A balanced 3-phase load draws 20 kW at a lagging pf of 0.4. The b. 506 µF d. 813 µF
frequency is 60 Hz. Three capacitors are bank and connected in parallel
with the load to raise the pf of the combination to 0.90 lagging. If the 68. What should be the kVAR rating of a capacitor which would raise the
line voltage at the load terminals is 1300 V, calculate the value of each pf of load of 100 kW from 0.5 lagging to 0.90 lagging?
capacitance for wye connection. a. 120 kVAR c. 115 kVAR
a. 18.85 µF c. 9.425 µF b. 112 kVAR d. 125 kVAR
b. 56.55 µF d. 6.283 µF
69. A 3-phase induction motor of 15 kW is supplied by a 3-phase, 500 V,
57. The line currents of a 4-wire, wye-connected system are the 60 Hz, at 0.80 pf. Calculate the line current.
following: IA = 10<-30 A; IB = 12<215 A; and IC = 15<82 A respectively. a. 26.18 A c. 23.71 A
Solve the neutral current. b. 24.15 A d. 21.65 A
a. 2.53 A c. 3.11 A
b. 3.45 A d. 2.87 A 70. A 440 V, 3-phase source supplies a wye-connected load of 10 kVA at
0.80 lagging pf and a delta connected 10 kVA unity pf load. Calculate the
58. A 3-phase bank serves four customers with the following loads: total apparent power input to the two loads.
Customer A = 80 kW at 65% pf; Customer B = 60 kW at 85% pf; Customer a. 18.97 kVA c. 20.56 kVA
C = 100 kW at 90% pf; Customer D = 120 kW at 70% pf. Determine the b. 22.84 kVA d. 26.19 kVA
total kVA.
a. 301.56 c. 469.92 71. A 3-phase, 60 Hz, 2200 V induction motor delivers 500 Hp, 0.80
b. 360 d. 401.53 lagging pf and efficiency of 94%. The pf is raised to 0.90 lagging by
connecting bank of condensers in delta across the lines. If each of the
59. A 3-phase, 50 Hp, 440 V, 50 Hz induction motor operates on full load capacitance unit is built up of four similar 550 V condensers, solve the
with an efficiency of 89% and at a pf of 0.85 lagging. Calculate the total required capacitance of each condenser.
kVAR rating of a capacitor bank required to raise the full load pf to 0.95 a. 56 µF c. 81 µF
lagging. b. 77 µF d. 60 µF
a. 15.53 c. 12.19
b. 13.79 d. 11.45 72. A 230-V delta connected source delivers a balanced load of 45 kW. If
the line current under this condition is 138 A, determine the load pf.
a. 0.82 c. 0.86
b. 0.79 d. 0.80
Page 9 of 18
 85. A balanced delta connected load of 4 – j3  per phase is fed by a 380
73. The impedance coils each having 60 µF condenser in series with 0.3 V, 3-phase system. Find the reactive power.
H inductance are connected in star to a 400 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz system. a. 51.98 kVAR c. 67.42 kVAR
Calculate the line current. b. 59.21 kVAR d. 61.62 kVAR
a. 5.6 A c. 8.3 A
b. 6.2 A d. 7.7 A 86. The pf of a system on a 460 V, 3-phase, 60 Hz, in which the ammeter
indicates 100 A and the wattmeter reads 62 kW will be ____.
74. In a balanced 3-phase system, load 1 draws 60 kW and 80 leading a. 0.95 c. 0.78
kVAR whereas load 2 draws 160 kW and 120 lagging kVAR. If the line b. 0.65 d. 0.55
voltage is 1000 V, find the line current supplied by the generator
supplying power to the loads. 87. A balanced 3-phase, 3-wire system supplies two balanced wye-
a. 129 A c. 134 A connected loads. The first draws 6 kW at 0.8 pf lagging while the second
b. 117 A d. 173 A requires 12 kW at 0.833 pf leading. If the current in each line is 8 A, find
the current in the second load.
75. A 3-phase star-connected balanced load of 8.5 kW operates at a a. 3.7 A c. 6.3 A
lagging pf of 0.82. Calculate the value of the reactance for a line voltage b. 4.2 A d. 5.8 A
of 230 V.
a. 4.18  c. 3.29  88. The following loads are connected delta across a 120-V, 3-phase
b. 1.32  d. 2.92  balanced system: Zab = (13 + j7.5) ; Zbc = (15 + j0) ; Zca = (13 – j7.5) .
Determine the reading of a wattmeter connected with its current coil in
76. A 3-phase balanced load has 15- resistance in each of its phases. line c and potential coil across lines c and b.
The load is supplied by a 220-V, 3-phase source. Calculate the power a. 880 W c. 960 W
absorbed by the load if it is connected in delta. b. 760 W d. 910 W
a. 3226 W c. 7065 W
b. 6600 W d. 9680 W 89. Three identical star-connected resistors are connected across a 3-
phase, 400 V mains. The circuit draws a total power of 690 W, determine
77. A 230-V, balanced 3-phase source is supplying power to a parallel the resistance of each resistor.
combination of wye-connected load and a delta connected load. If the a. 230  c. 696 
two loads are balanced with phase impedances of (8 – j8) and (24 + j24) b. 120  d. 76.66 
ohms respectively, find the total line current.
a. 17.5 A c. 16.6 A 90. The following loads are connected delta across a 120-V, 3-phase
b. 15.8 A d. 18.5 A balanced system: Zab = (13 + j7.5) ; Zbc = (15 + j0) ; Zca = (13 – j7.5) .
Determine the reading of a wattmeter connected with its current coil in
78. Three identical resistances in delta consume 3 kW. If the resistances line c and potential coil across lines c and b.
are connected in wye across the same supply, what is the power a. 1662.76 W c. 1526.52 W
consumed? b. 1462.62 W d. 1388.61 W
a. 6 kW c. 3 kW
b. 1.5 kW d. 1 kW 91. Three similar resistors are connected in star across a 400-V, 3-phase
supply. The line current is 5 A. Two what value should the line voltage be
79. The 3-phase, 60 Hz, 200-V, delta connected load has a resistance of changed to obtain the same line current with the resistors delta-
7.07  and inductance of 18.75 mH in series per phase. Approximately connected?
how much kW is drawn by the load? a. 115 V c. 128 V
a. 7.47 c. 9.11 b. 121 V d. 133 V
b. 10.45 d. 8.48
92. A 3-phase, 50 Hp, 440 V, 50 Hz induction motor operates on full load
80. Three identical resistances, each of 15  are connected in delta with an efficiency of 89% and at a pf of 0.85 lagging. A capacitor bank is
across a 400 V, 3-phase supply. What value of resistance in each leg of connected in parallel to raise the full load pf to 0.95 lagging. What will
balanced star-connected load would take the same line current? be the capacitance per phase if the capacitors are delta-connected?
a. 3  c. 30  a. 66.8 µF c. 47.65 µF
b. 5  d. 45  b. 9.23 µF d. 12.65 µF

81. A 3-phase, 339.4 V, abc system has a delta-connected load with Zab 93. A 3-phase, 440 V, induction motor of 30 Hp is running at 0.80 pf at
= (10 + j0) ohms, Zbc = (8.66 + j5) ohms, and Zca = (13 – j7.5) ohms. Find an efficiency of 80%. Calculate the line current.
the current in line a. a. 36.71 A c. 33.21 A
a. 49.23 A c. 23.83 A b. 41.51 A d. 45.88 A
b. 64.18 A d. 54.72 A
94. A balanced delta connected load draws 10 A of line current and 3 kW
82. Three identical capacitances each of 450 µF are connected in star. at 220 V. Determine the value of the reactance of each phase of the
The value of the capacitance in each phase of the equivalent delta- load.
connected load would be ___. a. 30  c. 23.5 
a. 150 µF c. 450 µF b. 24.3  d. 38.1 
b. 225 µF d. 1350 µF
95. Three identical coils connected in delta across 400 V, 50 c/s, 3-phase
83. Three equal star connected circuit components take 8 kW at a pf of supply takes a line current of 17.32 A at a pf of 0.5 lagging. Determine
0.80 lagging when connected across 410 V, 3-phase, 3-wire, 50 Hz. Find the resistance of each winding.
the inductance per phase of the load. a. 20  c. 15 
a. 18 mH c. 27 mH b. 18  d. 24 
b. 32 mH d. 10 mH
96. Three identical loads having an impedance of (8.66 + j5)  are
84. A 3-phase, 60 Hz, 2200 V induction motor develops 500 Hp, 0.80 connected in wye across a balanced 3-phase, 300-V system. A wattmeter
lagging pf and efficiency of 94%. The pf is raised to 0.90 lagging by is connected in the circuit with its current coil on line b and potential coil
connecting a bank of condensers in delta across the lines. Determine the across lines b and c. Solve for the meter reading. Assume a phase
required kVAR of the bank. sequence of abc.
a. 124.35 c. 126.53 a. 2946 W c. 2248 W
b. 105.44 d. 114.26 b. 2204 W d. 2598 W

Page 10 of 18
97. A 220 V, 3-phase source supplies a 3-phase wye-connected load 109. Three identical star-connected coils are connected across a
having an impedance of 3 + j4 ohms per phase. Determine the total balanced 3-phase, 3-wire supply. Line voltage is 220 V. Each coil has a
power drawn. resistance of 6  and a reactance of 8 . Determine the total power
a. 5588 W c. 7742 W drawn.
b. 3226 W d. 5806 W a. 2022 W c. 1045 W
b. 2904 W d. 3870 W
98. The following load impedances are connected delta across a 220 V
balanced abc system: ab = (8 + j6) ohms; bc = (10 + j0) ohms; ca = (7.071 110. The phase b line voltage and the phase a line current of a balanced
+ j7.071) ohms. Find the reading of a wattmeter connected with its 3-phase system are V = 220 sin (wt + 210) V and I = 10 sin (wt – 30) A.
current coil connected in line b while the potential coil connected across Determine the total power drawn of the system.
lines b & c. a. 3180 W c. 3300 W
a. 4620 W c. 4260 W b. 5170 W d. 2890 W
b. 4840 W d. 4480 W
111. A balanced delta connected load has an impedance of 4 + j3  in
99. The currents in the ab, bc and ca branches of a delta-connected each phase. It is connected across a balanced 3-phase voltage of 200 V.
system with balanced 3-phase voltages are 25 A, at a pf of 0.80 lagging, Find the total power drawn.
30 A at 0.70 leading and 20 A at unity pf respectively. Determine the a. 19.2 kW c. 20.2 kW
current in line a. Phase sequence is abc. b. 21.4 kW d. 18.4 kW
a. 44.1 A c. 18.3 A
b. 49.6 A d. 36.8 A 112. An unbalanced wye-connected load is supplied from a balanced 3-
wire system. The current taken by phase A is (16 – j12) A and by phase B
100. A delta connected load of impedances (6 + j9) ohms each is is (–9.48 – j3.19) A. What is the current in phase C?
supplied through a line having an impedance of (1 + j2) ohms. The a. 16.53 A c. 0
supply voltage is 400 V, 50 Hz. Determine the power drawn by the load. b. 15 A d. 18.35 A
a. 5.65 kW c. 73.84 kW
b. 9.42 kW d. 24.62 kW 113. Each phase of a star-connected load consist of a non-reactive
resistance of 100  in parallel with a capacitor of capacitance 31.8 µF.
101. A balanced delta-connected load with impedance Z = 25.98 + j15 Determine the total kVA when connected to a 416-V, 3-phase, 50 Hz
ohms per phase is connected to a 3-phase, 3-wire, 250 V system by supply.
conductors having an impedance of Z = 0.4 + j0.3  per conductor. Solve a. 2.45 c. 1.73
the line to line voltage at the load. b. 3.39 d. 2.67
a. 239 V c. 208 V
b. 138 V d. 228 V 114. The impedance per phase of a balanced wye connected load is (12
+ j24) . The impedance per phase in its equivalent delta connected
102. Three coils each having a resistance of 5  and inductive reactance load is ___ ohms.
of 4  are connected in star across a 400 V, 3-phase suppl. Calculate the a. 4 + j6 c. 12 + j24
line current. b. 6 + j12 d. 36 + j72
a. 36.1 A c. 34.6 A
b. 32.7 A d. 35.3 A 115. A balanced delta-connected resistors draws 10 A of line current and
3 kW at 220 V. Determine the value of the resistance of each phase of
103. A 3-phase motor takes 10 kVA at 0.60 pf lagging from a source of the load.
220 V. It is in parallel with a balanced delta connected load having 16  a. 20  c. 30 
resistance and –j12 reactance in series in each phase. Find the line b. 15  d. 10 
current of the combination.
a. 32.43 A c. 36.78 A 116. A 500 kVA transformer is at full load and 0.60 pf lagging. A
b. 42.11 A d. 47.21 A capacitor bank is added improving the pf to 0.90 lagging. After
improvement, what percent of rated kVA is the transformer carrying?
104. A 50-MVA, 11 kV, 3-phase alternator supplies full load at a lagging a. 66.7% c. 86.6%
pf of 0.7. What would be the percentage increase in earning capacity if b. 57.7% d. 63.6%
the pf is increased to 0.95?
a. 35.7% c. 50.0% 117. A 3-phase load is supplied from a 3-phase, 400 V supply. The line
b. 46.9% d. 61.3% current is 25 A and the power consumed by the load is 15 kW. Find the
impedance and pf if the load is connected in delta.
105. Three equal impedances each having a resistance of 25  and a. 9.24 , 0.866 c. 9.24 , 0.787
reactance of 40  are connected in star to a 400-V, 3-phase, 60 Hz b. 27.7 , 0.787 d. 27.7 , 0.866
system. Calculate the line current.
a. 4.2 A c. 5.4 A 118. Three identical resistances each of 10  are connected in delta
b. 4.9 A d. 5.1 A across a 230 V, 3-phase, 60 Hz source. Determine the total power.
a. 15,870 W c. 14,320 W
106. Three resistors are connected in wye across a balanced 220 V, 60 b. 16,420 W d. 15,550 W
Hz system and draws 9860 W. If one of the resistor is open, find the new
power drawn by the entire circuit. 119. A certain load takes 40 kVA at 50% lagging pf while another load
a. 4.24 kW c. 4.44 kW connected to the same source takes 80 kVA at 86.7% lagging pf. Find the
b. 5.04 kW d. 4.84 kW total kVA.
a. 89.36 c. 120
107. Two 3-phase balanced loads are connected in parallel to a 3-phase b. 116.5 d. 74.68
460-V source. Load A is 900 kVA at a pf 0.60 lagging and load B is 400 kW
at a pf of 0.80 leading. Calculate the total current in the feeder 120. Two wattmeter method is used to measure the power taken by a 3-
conductors. phase induction motor. The wattmeter readings are 375 W and –50 W.
a. 1560 A c. 1155 A Determine the apparent power taken by the load.
b. 1670 A d. 1292 A a. 736 VA c. 535 VA
b. 655 VA d. 805 VA
108. A 3-phase, 440 V, induction motor of 30 Hp is running at 0.80 pf at
an efficiency of 80%. Calculate the line current. 121. Three identical coils has a resistance of 20  and reactance of 15 
a. 36.71 A c. 33.21 A and are connected in star to a 400-V, 3-phase, 50 Hz mains. Calculate
b. 41.51 A d. 45.88 A the power supplied.
a. 5250 W c. 5220 W
Page 11 of 18
b. 5080 W d. 5120 W lagging kVAR. The line voltage of the system is 1000 V. Find the line
current at the generator terminals.
122. A 3-phase 120-V circuit has a phase sequence of ABC and delivers a. 115 A c. 129 A
power to a group of delta connected impedances whose values are Zab = b. 156 A d. 172 A
(10 + j0) ; Zbc = (5 + j8.66) ; Zca = (8.66 + j5) . Calculate the total
power. 135. A 3-phase motor takes 10 kVA at 0.6 pf lagging from a source of 220
a. 3660 W c. 3880 W V. It is in parallel with a balanced delta-load having 16  resistance and
b. 3920 W d. 3410 W –j12 reactance in series in each phase. Find the total volt-amperes.
a. 11.81 kVA c. 3.46 kVA
123. In a balanced, 230-V, 3-phase circuit, two wattmeters are properly b. 7.26 kVA d. 12.36 kVA
connected to indicate the total power. If the readings are 8140 W and –
2980 W, calculate the line current. 136. The line current to a lightly loaded 3-phase motor operating from a
a. 62 A c. 50 450-V 3-phase system is 24 A. The pf of the motor is 0.47 lagging. If the
b. 56 A d. 75 A two wattmeter method is used to measure the 3-phase power supplied
to the motor, one wattmeter will read ___ watts.
124. Calculate the full load current taken by a 3-phase 440-V, 50 Hz, 10 a. 9162 c. 2358
bhp motor having pf of 0.8 and efficiency of 90%. b. 4396 d. 1045
a. 11.01 A c. 10.37 A
b. 13.59 A d. 12.48 A 137. A balanced delta connected load consisting of pure resistance of 18
ohms per phase is in parallel with a purely resistive balanced Y-
125. A balanced 3-phase, wye-connected source has using positive connected load of 12  per phase. The combination is connected to a 3-
phase sequence, Van = 390<30 V. Determine Vac. phase balanced supply of 346.41 V (line to line) via a 3-phase line having
a. 675<30 V c. 675<-60 V an inductive reactance of j3  per phase. Determine the total complex
b. 675<120 V d. 675<180 V power drawn from the supply.
a. 19.2 – j14.4, kVA c. 24.2 + j12.8, kVA
126. Three loads are connected in parallel across a 12.47 kV, 3-phase b. 19.2 + j14.4, kVA d. 24.2 – j12.8, kVA
supply; Load 1: Inductive load, 60 kW and 660 kVAR; Load 2: Capacitive
load, 240 kW at 0.80 pf; Load 3, Resistive load of 60 kW. A Y-connected 138. Three impedances of 4 – j3  are connected in Y to a 208 V, 3-
capacitor bank is connected in parallel with the loads. What is the phase line. Find the complex power.
capacitance per phase to improve the overall pf to 0.80 lagging? a. 9.26 – j5.91, kVA c. 9.26 – j5.91, kVA
a. 3.46 µF c. 3.64 µF b. 6.92 – j5.19, kVA d. 6.92 + j5.19, kVA
b. 3.85 µF d. 3.58 µF
139. Three loads are supplied by a generator. Load 1 is 15 kVA at 75% pf
127. A 400 V, 3-phase, 4-wire system has the following loads: lagging, Load 2 is 10 kW at 90% pf, and Load 3 is unknown. If the
Zan = (6 – j8) ; Zbn = (6 + j0) ; Zcn = (4 + j3) . Find the neutral current. generator delivers 35.52 kVA at 80% pf lagging to these loads, what is
a. 31 A c. 28 A the kVA of the unknown load?
b. 35 A d. 24 A a. 9.7 kVA c. 10.8 kVA
b. 10.3 kVA d. 9.1 kVA
128. The total power absorbed by a certain 3-phase balanced loads is 60
kW and the reactive power being 100 kVAR. Determine the readings of 140. Using the artificial neutral method of measuring power taken by a
the two wattmeters connected to read the power. balanced load using only one wattmeter, the wattmeter reads 60 kW.
a. 48.15 kW, 11.85 kW c. 58.87 kW, 1.13 kW What is the total power taken by the load?
b. 52.50 kW, 7.50 kW d. 42.66 kW, 17.34 kW a. 60 kW c. 180 kW
b. 120 kW d. 20 kW
129. A 3-phase load draws a current of 10 A from a 230 V, 3-phase
source at 88% pf lagging. What is the reactive power drawn? 141. Three identical coils, each having a reactance of 20  and
a. 1288 VAR c. 1298 VAR resistance of 20  are connected in delta across a 3-phase, 440-V, 50 c/s
b. 1882 VAR d. 1892 VAR mains. Calculate the reading in one of the two wattmeters if the power
consumed is measured by two-wattmeter method.
130. Three non-inductive resistance each of 100  are connected in star a. 11.45 kW c. 8.26 kW
across 400-V, 50 Hz mains. Calculate the current in each resistance. b. 9.76 kW d. 10.13 kW
a. 2.31 A c. 4 A
b. 1.33 A d. None of these 142. A 3-phase, 3-wire load draws the following line currents: I a =
60<330 A; Ib = 78.4<214 A; Ic = 75<80 A. If the voltages impressed on
131. The ratio of the wattmeter readings in a 3-phase inductive system is the load are balanced 3-phase, having a magnitude of 4140 V line to line,
2:1, when power is measured by the two-wattmeter method. Determine solve for the total power in kW.
the pf. a. 503.5 kW c. 602.2 kW
a. 0.577 c. 0.760 b. 506.8 kW d. 591.3 kW
b. 0.707 d. 0.866
143. Two wattmeters are used for measuring the power input of an
132. Three non-inductive resistances connected in star across a 200-V, over-excited synchronous motor. If the wattmeter readings are – 2 kW
60 Hz, 3-phase lines draws 800 W. If one resistor is disconnected, what and 7 kW respectively, determine the input kVA of the motor.
would be the power taken by the remaining two resistors from the a. 10.5 c. 16.4
lines? b. 12.2 d. 39.2
a. 1600 W c. 1600/3 W
b. 800/3 W d. 400 W 144. A wattmeter is used to measure the power drawn by 230-V, 3-
phase induction motor. The current coil is placed in line 1 while the
133. A 3-phase 120-V circuit has a sequence of abc and delivers power potential coil is shifted from lines 1 and 2, then from lines 1 & 3
to a group of delta connected impedances whose values are Zab = (10 + respectively. If the wattmeter registers 5760 W and 3380 W respectively,
j0) ; Zbc = (5 + j8.66) ; Zca = (8.66 + j5) . Determine the line current in what is the line current drawn by the motor.
line a. a. 25.17 A c. 22.28 A
a. 17 A c. 24 A b. 30.24 A d. 33.19 A
b. 20 A d. 15 A
145. The phase c line voltage and phase a line current of a balanced 3-
134. In a balanced 3-phase circuit, two loads are connected in parallel. phase system are V = 220 sin (wt + 90) and I = 10 sin (wt – 60) A
Load 1 draws 80 kW and 60 leading kVAR. Load 2 draws 120 kW and 160 respectively. What is the total power of the system?
a. 3560 W c. 3810 W
Page 12 of 18
b. 3000 W d. 3450 W 158. The load on a 3-phase wye-connected 220 V system consist of three
6 ohms resistances connected in wye and in parallel with three 9 ohms
146. A 3-phase, 50 Hz, 3300 V star connected induction motor develops resistances connected in delta. Determine the magnitude of the line
250 Hp, the pf being 0.707 lagging and the efficiency 0.86. Three current.
capacitors in delta are connected across the supply terminals and the pf a. 62.8 A c. 70.2 A
is raised to 0.90 lagging. Calculate the capacitance of each unit. b. 68.7 A d. 63.5 A
a. 10.9 µF c. 12.2 µF
b. 11.4 µF d. 9.4 µF 159. A 3-phase balanced load takes a total of 6360 W. If two wattmeters
are connected in the circuit to measure this power and one of them
147. A wye-connected source, the voltage across each phase of which is registers 2120 W, what is the load pf?
120 V, delivers a balanced load of 40 kW at a pf 0.855 lagging. a. 0.724 c. 0.823
Determine the line current. b. 0.866 d. 0.654
a. 125 A c. 130 A
b. 120 A d. 115 A 160. Three non-inductive resistances are connected in delta across a
400-V, 3-phase lines. The three resistors consume 12 kW. If one of the
148. A delta connected balanced 3-phase load is supplied from a 3- resistor is disconnected, what would be the power taken from the
phase 400 V, 60 Hz supply. The line current is 30 A and the power taken mains?
by the load is 12 kW. Determine the inductance per phase. a. 2 kW c. 6 kW
a. 0.03 H c. 0.04 H b. 8 kW d. 4 kW
b. 0.06 H d. 0.05 H
161. A balanced delta connected load of 15 + j18 ohms per phase is
149. A star connected 3-phase induction motor draws 4 A when connected at the end of a three phase line. The line impedance is 1 + j2
connected across 400 V, 50 c/s mains. If the pf is 0.8 and efficiency of ohms per phase. The line is supplied from a 3-phase source with a line to
the motor to be 90%, how much bhp will the motor develop? line voltage of 207.85 V. Determine the magnitude of the line to line
a. 3.302 Hp c. 2.183 Hp voltage at the load terminals.
b. 2.675 Hp d. 3.102 Hp a. 162.32 V c. 168.56 V
b. 166.18 V d. 164.75 V
150. A balanced 3-phase, 3-wire supply feeds balanced star connected
resistors. If one of the resistors is disconnected, then the percentage 162. It is required to raise the pf of a 750 kW balanced 3-phase load
reduction in the load will be ___. from 70% lagging to 90% lagging. The line voltage is 6900 V, 60 cycles.
a. 33 1/3 c. 50 Specify the capacitor required for wye-connected bank in microfarads
b. 66 2/3 d. 75 per phase.
a. 22.4 µF c. 20.6 µF
151. Three star-connected impedances, (20 + j37.7)  per phase are in b. 28.3 µF d. 23.7 µF
parallel with three delta-connected impedances, (30 – j159.3)  per
phase. The line voltage is 398 V. Find the line current taken by the 163. Three parallel 3-phase loads are supplied from a 207.85 V rms, 60
combination. Hz 3-phase supply. The loads are as follows: Load 1: A 15 Hp motor
a. 2.57 A c. 4.75 A operating at full load, 93.25% efficiency and 0.6 lagging pf; Load 2: A
b. 3.36 A d. 5.28 A balanced resistive load that draws a total of 6 kW; Load 3: A Y-connected
capacitor bank with a total rating of 6 kVAR. What is the total supply
152. An inductive load draws a current of 150 A at a pf of 0.707 lagging current?
from a 230-V, 3-phase feeder. What capacitor bank kVAR is needed to a. 46 A c. 50 A
improve the feeder pf to 0.96 lagging? b. 54 A d. 60 A
a. 12.24 c. 29.93
b. 38.23 d. 34.74 164. Two-wattmeter method is used to measure the power taken by a 3-
phase induction motor. The wattmeter readings are 375 W and –50 W.
153. Two balanced 3-phase loads are connected across a 230-V, 3-phase Determine the reactive power taken by the load.
feeder. The first load draws 6 kW at 0.8 lagging pf while the second load a. 567.32 VAR c. 736.12 VAR
draws 12 kW at 0.866 leading pf. Determine the current in the feeder b. 759.25 VAR d. 683.24 VAR
conductors.
a. 41.8 A c. 25.2 A 165. A 3-phase, 240-V, balanced system supplies power to a factory
b. 53.2 A d. 45.6 A load. The three line currents are I a = 120<330 A; Ib = 157<214 A; Ic =
150<80 A. Solve for the total power drawn.
154. A 3-phase, 4-wire, ABC system, with V BC = 294.2<0, has the Y- a. 50.5 kW c. 55.3 kW
connected impedances, ZA = 12<45 , ZB = 10<30 , ZC = 8<0 . b. 52.7 kW d. 58.8 kW
Obtain the current in the neutral wire.
a. 14.16 A c. 21.24 A 166. Three identical coils are connected in star to a 200 V, 3-phase, 50
b. 16.99 A d. 15.32 A c/s supply and each coil takes 200 W. The pf is 0.8 lagging. Determine
the inductance of each coil.
155. Two loads are connected in parallel to a 3-phase 460 V source. Load a. 0.112 H c. 0.102 H
A is 900 kVA at a pf of 0.60 lagging and load B is 400 kW at a pf of 0.80 b. 0.205 H d. 0.221 H
leading. Determine the overall pf.
a. 0.913 lag c. 0.929 lag 167. Three 100-F capacitors are connected in delta to a 500 V, 3-phase,
b. 0.951 lag d. 0.902 lag 50-cps supply. Find the line current.
a. 27.2 A c. 25.4 A
156. Determine the power absorbed when three identical resistances of b. 31.8 A d. 17.2 A
10 ohms are connected in wye across a balanced 230 V, 60 Hz, 3-phase
source. 168. Two balanced 3-phase loads are connected in parallel. Load 1 draws
a. 5290 W c. 5520 W 20 kW at a lagging pf of 0.85; Load 2 draws 15 kW at a lagging pf of 0.5.
b. 6230 W d. 6120 W The line voltage at the terminals at the load is 440 V. The load terminals
are connected to the source terminals by means of cables which have an
157. Three coils each having a resistance of 10 ohms and inductance of impedance of 1 + j3 ohms each. Calculate the line current drawn by the
0.02 H are connected in star to a 3-phase 500 V, 50 c/s mains. Calculate combination of the two loads.
the power absorbed. a. 74 A c. 65 A
a. 25.14 kW c. 17.92 kW b. 68 A d. 71 A
b. 15.28 kW d. 21.49 kW

Page 13 of 18
169. A 3-phase, 440-V, 50 c/s squirrel cage induction motor has a full + j6 ohms. Identical impedances of 2 + j5 ohms are in each of the three
load output of 10 hp the pf being 0.83, the full load efficiency 82%. The lines connecting the combined loads to a 110-V 3-phase supply. Find the
power is measured by two-wattmeter method. Find the reading on one line voltage at the combined loads.
of the wattmeter. a. 52 V c. 50 V
a. 6.832 kW c. 6.315 kW b. 49 V d. 51 V
b. 7.012 kW d. 7.412 kW
182. A balanced 3-phase load draws 75 A line current at 230 V line to
170. A 400-V line to line is applied to star-connected identical inductive line, and 0.848 lagging pf. If a proper two-wattmeter method is used to
coils. This load draws a line current of 46.2 A and 25.6 kW, determine read the power, what are the readings of each wattmeter?
the reactance of each coil if the resistance of each coil is 4 ohms. a. 15.32 kW, 10.02 kW c. 17.86 kW, 7.48 kW
a. 5  c. 3  b. 16.42 kW, 8.92 kW d. 17.24 kW, 8.10 kW
b. 3.67  d. 8.33 
183. Three identical loads having an impedance of (8.66 + j5) ohms are
171. Three 50- resistors are connected in star across 400 V, 3-phase connected in wye across a balanced 3-phase, 300-V system. A wattmeter
supply. If one of the resistors is disconnected, then the line current will is connected in the circuit with its current coil on line b and potential coil
be ___. across lines b and c. Solve the meter reading.
a. 8 A c. 0 A a. 2946 W c. 2248 W
b. 8(sq rt of 3) A d. 4 A b. 2204 W d. 2598 W

172. The total power absorbed by a certain 3-phase load is 60 kW, the 184. The currents in the ab, bc, and ca branches of a delta connected
reactive power being 100 kVAR. What is the pf of the load? system with balanced 3-phase voltages are 25 A, at a pf of 0.80 lagging,
a. 0.515 c. 0.614 30 A at 0.70 leading, and 20 A at unity pf respectively. Determine the
b. 0.603 d. 0.581 currents in lines b. Phase sequence is abc.
a. 44.1 A c. 18.3 A
173. An unbalanced wye-connected load is connected to a balanced 3- b. 49.6 A d. 36.8 A
phase, 246-V system, ZA = 15<0 , ZB = 15<30 , ZC = 15<-30 . Phase
sequence is ABC. Calculate the power taken by the load. 185. At what pf will the reading on one of the wattmeters in a two-
a. 4032 W c. 4074 W wattmeter method be zero?
b. 4053 W d. 4091 W a. 0.866 c. 0.707
b. 0.5 d. unity
174. Two wattmeters are connected to a 3-phase, 500 V motor and
indicates a total input of 10 kW, the pf is 0.78. Find the reading on one 186. On a 3-phase balanced delta connected load supplied at 240-V AC
of the wattmeters. source, the wattmeter readings are -1710 and 3210 W respectively.
a. 7.31 kW c. 5.27 kW Determine the line current.
b. 4.95 kW d. 6.18 kW a. 20.8 A c. 22.2 A
b. 15.3 A d. 18.4 A
175. The phase b voltage and phase a current of a balanced 3-phase
system are V = 220 sin (wt + 210) V and I = 10 sin (wt – 60) A. 187. Two loads connected in parallel are supplied from a 1-phase 240-V
Determine the total power of the system. rms source. The load draws a total real power of 400 kW at a pf of 0.80
a. 5715.76 W c. 5642.63 W lagging. One of the load draws 120 kW at a pf of 0.96 leading. Find the
b. 5274.29 W d. 5943.86 W kVAR of the other load.
a. 280 c. 335
176. A balanced 3-phase, Y-connected source has, using a positive b. 436 d. 265
sequence Van = 390<30 V. Find Vab.
188. An unbalanced wye connected load is supplied from a balanced 3-
a. 675<0 c. 675<-210
wire system. The current taken by phase A is (12 – j4) and by phase B is
b. 675<60 d. 675<150
(-9.5 – j3.2) A. What is the current in phase C?
a. 7.62 A c. 9.45 A
177. A balanced delta connected load having impedances 27<–25 
b. 8.25 A d. 10.25 A
and a balanced wye connected load having impedances 10<–30  are
supplied by the same 3-phase ABC system with VCN = 169.8<–150 V.
189. A balanced delta-connected load takes a line current of 18 A at a pf
Determine the current in line A.
of 0.85 leading from a 400-V, 3-phase, 50 Hz supply. Calculate the
a. 35.8 A c. 31.3 A
capacitance of each leg of the load.
b. 38.5 A d. 33.1 A
a. 148 µF c. 154 µF
b. 150 µF d. 157 µF
178. Two wattmeters are used to measure the power delivered to a
balanced delta connected load. Wattmeter 1 reads 1000 W and
190. A 460-V, 3-phase, 60 Hz source supplies energy to the following 3-
wattmeter 2 reads 500 W after the current coil terminals are reversed. If
phase loads: 200 Hp induction motor load operating at 94 percent
the line to line voltage is 208 V, solve for the line current drawn by the
efficiency and 0.88 pf lagging, a 50 kW resistance heating load and a
load.
combination of miscellaneous loads totaling 40 kW at a 0.70 lagging pf.
a. 8.23 A c. 5.57 A
Determine the total kVAR supplied.
b. 6.28 A d. 7.34 A
a. 279.04 c. 126.49
b. 248.72 d. 158.72
179. The phase c voltage and phase a current of a balanced 3-phase
system are: V = 200 sin (wt + 90) V and I = 10 sin (wt – 45) A.
191. A 3-phase star connected 20 kW, 0.8 pf load is applied to the line
Determine the total reactive power of the system. Assume load is
voltage of 400 V, 3-phase. Calculate the line current.
balanced and is wye-connected.
a. 20.83 A c. 28.86 A
a. 1553 VARS c. 1245 VARS
b. 36.08 A d. 18.94 A
b. 1672 VARS d. 1842 VARS
192. The power to a balanced 3-phase system is measured by the two-
180. Three impedances, Zan = 20, Zbn = 16 + j12, Z cn = 5 – j15 ohms, are
wattmeter method. One wattmeter reads 1986 W, and the reading of
connected in wye across a 230 V, 3-phase, 4-wire source. Determine the
the other is 2517 W. Determine the line current if the line voltage is 208
current passing thru the neutral wire.
V.
a. 8.81 A c. 5.67 A
a. 11.34 A c. 12.76 A
b. 10.42 A d. 9.62 A
b. 10.45 A d. 15.22 A
181. A balanced delta load consisting of pure resistance of 15  per
phase is in parallel with a balanced Y-load having phase impedances of 8
Page 14 of 18
193. Three identical resistance connected in star carry a line current of b. 15.6 kW, 10.4 kW d. 18.4 kW, 7.6 kW
12 A. If the same resistances are connected in delta across the same
supply, the line current will be ___. 206. Individual loads on separate feeders of a large power system are
a. 12 A c. 4 A often unbalanced. The loads of a Y-connected generator, consisting of
b. 8 A d. 36 A electric heaters, draw 150, 100, and 50 A. Find the neutral current.
a. 75.5 A c. 92.4 A
194. The phase b voltage and phase b current of a balanced 3-phase b. 86.6 A d. 98.3 A
system are: V = 220 sin (wt + 210) V and I = 10 sin (wt – 180) A.
Determine the total power drawn. Assume load is balanced and is wye- 207. A balanced 3-phase delta-connected load consumes a total power
connected. of 100 kW at a pf of 0.6 lagging, the line voltage being 1000 V. Solve the
a. 5716 W c. 3810 W value of the reactive component per phase assuming the resistance and
b. 1905 W d. 3300 W reactance are connected in parallel.
a. 10.8  c. 14.4 
195. Three identical resistances in star consume 1 kW. If the resistances b. 22.52  d. 4.44 
are connected in delta across the same supply, the power consumed is
a. 3 kW c. 1/3 kW 208. A 3-phase line has an impedance of 2 + j4 ohms. The line feeds two
b. 1.732 kW d. 1 kW balanced 3-phase loads that are connected in parallel. The first load is Y-
connected and has an impedance of 30 + j40 ohms per phase. The
196. Three similar coils connected in star, take a total power of 1.5 kW second load is -connected and has an impedance of 60 – j45 ohms per
at a pf of 0.2 lagging from a 3-phase, 400-V, 50 Hz supply. Calculate the phase. The line is energized at the sending end from 3-phase balanced
inductance of each coil. supply of line voltage 207.85 V. Determine the line to line voltage at
a. 0.054 H c. 0.067 H combined loads.
b. 0.062 H d. 0.071 H a. 172.42 V c. 193.64 V
b. 120.42 V d. 168.25 V
197. In a balanced 3-phase system, the Y-connected load impedances
are (8.66 + j5) ohms. If Vbc = j416 V, solve for Icn. 209. Three parallel-connected loads are supplied by a 3-phase, 240 V, 60
a. 12 + j20.78 A c. 8.66 + j15 A Hz source. The loads are 3-phase 10 kVA, 0.80 pf lagging; 3-phase, 10
b. – j24 A d. 20.8 + j36 A kVA, unity pf; 3-phase, 10 kVA, 0.80 pf leading. Determine the system
apparent power.
198. The total input in a 3-phase circuit is measured by two wattmeters. a. 36.8 kVA c. 26 kVA
At what pf will the readings be equal? b. 32.2 kVA d. 20 kVA
a. zero c. 0.5
b. unity d. 0.707 210. The power input to a 200 V, 50 Hz, 3-phase motor running on full
load at an efficiency of 90% is measured by two wattmeters which
199. Three loads are connected in parallel across a 12.47 kV, 3-phase indicates 300 kW and 100 kW respectively. Calculate the line current of
supply, Load 1: Inductive load, 60 kW and 660 kVAR; Load 2: Capacitive the motor.
load, 240 kW at 0.80 pf; Load 3: Resistive load of 60 kW. Find the total a. 137.4 A c. 152.7 A
power factor. b. 169.6 A d. 115.5 A
a. 0.866 c. 0.77
b. 0.60 d. 0.65 211. The ratio of the readings of two wattmeters connected to measure
power in a balanced 3-phase, 3-wire load is 5:3. The load is known to be
200. A 3-phase motor draws 20 kVA at 0.707 pf lagging from a 220 V inductive. What is the load pf?
source. A capacitor bank is connected to make the combined pf 0.90 a. 0.807 c. 0.917
lagging. Determine the line current after the capacitors are added. b. 0.866 d. 0.951
a. 41.23 A c. 40.82 A 212. In a 3-phase, 4-wire system, two phases have currents of 10 A and 6
b. 38.82 A d. 39.19 A A in lagging pf of 0.80 and 0.60, while the third phase is open circuited.
Calculate the current in the neutral.
201. Three delta-connected impedances, Z = 15<36.9  are connected a. 16 A c. 8.66 A
across a 230-V, 3-phase balanced system through a line impedance of Z L b. 7.02 A d. 15.85 A
= 1<60 . Determine the line to line voltage at the load terminals.
a. 194 V c. 202 V 213. The phase a line voltage and phase a line current of a balanced 3-
b. 197 V d. 209 V phase system are V = 200 sin (wt – 30) V and I = 10 sin (wt – 60) A.
What is the total power of the system?
202. Two wattmeters used to measure the power input in a 3-phase a. 3646 W c. 3464 W
circuit indicate 1000 W and 500 W respectively. Find the power factor of b. 3446 W d. 3664 W
the circuit if the latter reading is obtained by reversing the current coil
connections. 214. A balanced delta load consisting of pure resistances of 15  per
a. 0.866 lag c. 0.189 lag phase is in parallel with a balanced Y-load having phase impedance of 8
b. 0.571 lag d. 0.263 lag + j6 ohms. Identical impedances of 2 + j5  are in each of the three lines
connecting the combined loads to a 110-V 3-phase supply. Find the
203. Three Y-connected impedances, (20 + j37.7) /phase are current drawn from the supply.
connected in parallel with three delta-connected impedances, (30 – a. 10.52 A c. 9.62 A
j159.3)  per phase. What is the overall pf? b. 8.05 A d. 11.18 A
a. 0.985 c. 0.958
b. 0.916 d. 0.961 215. The total power absorbed by a certain 3-phase balanced load is 60
kW, the reactive power being 100 kVAR. Determine the reading on one
204. A 3-phase 208-V system supplies heating elements connected in of the two wattmeters properly connected to measure the total power.
wye. What is the resistance of each element if the total balanced load is a. 1642.3 W c. 1132.5 W
3 kW? b. 1573.2 W d. 1262.8 W
a. 12.45  c. 15.73 
b. 14.42  d. 20.62  216. A 3-phase abc system, with Vbc = 294.2<0, has the delta-connected
load, Zab = 5<0 , Zbc = 4<30 , Zca = 6<–15 . Obtain the current in
205. A balanced load of pf 0.75 lagging is supplied from a 3-phase 400-V line a.
supply. The input as indicated by the sum of the readings of the two a. 127.9<-43.3 A c. 77.1<-172.1 A
wattmeters inserted in the supply leads is 26 kW. Find the readings of b. 103.2<56.4 A d. 99.7<99.7 A
each instrument.
a. 17.6 kW, 8.4 kW c. 19.6 kW, 6.4 kW
Page 15 of 18
217. Two wattmeters connected to measure the power input to a b. 101.1 kVA d. 107.8 kVA
balanced 3-phase circuit indicates 30 kW and 10 kW. Find the pf.
a. 0.756 c. 0.715 230. A 3-phase, Y-connected, 75 MVA, 27 kV, synchronous generator has
b. 0.378 d. 0.754 a synchronous reactance of 0.926 pu based on rated MVA and volage.
Determine the new per unit value referred to a 100-MVA, 30-kV base.
218. The power input to a 250 Hp, 1100 V, 3-phase motor running at full a. 1.4 pu c. 1.2 pu
load is measured by two wattmeters which indicate 145 kW and 62 kW b. 1.6 pu d. 1.0 pu
respectively. Calculate the line current.
a. 128.2 A c. 131.6 A 231. An over-excited synchronous motor is connected across a 100 kVA
b. 132.5 A d. 122.3 A inductive load having a 0.8 lagging pf. The motor takes 10 kW in power
while idling (on no-load). Calculate the kVA rating of the motor if it is
219. A 3-phase induction motor is drawing 10 A when a single-phasing desired to bring the overall pf to unity. The motor is not used to carry
takes place. The current drawn by the motor is ____. any load.
a. 5(sq rt of 2) c. 10(sq rt of 2) a. 60.8 kVA c. 58.3 kVA
b. 10(sq rt of 3) d. 5(sq rt of 3) b. 54.6 kVA d. 52.7 kVA

220. Three identical impedances are connected in star to a 3-phase 232. A 65 kVA load with a lagging pf is combined with a 25 kVA
supply of 400 V. The line current is 35 A and the total power absorbed is synchronous motor load which operates at a pf = 0.6 leading. Find the pf
15 kW. Determine the reactance of the circuit per phase. of the 65 kVA load, if the overall pf is 0.85 lagging.
a. 4.08  c. 6.11  a. 0.585 c. 0.602
b. 3.63  d. 5.18  b. 0.626 d. 0.593

221. A 3-phase load draws 250 kW at a pf of 0.707 lagging from a 440 V 233. A small industrial plant operates with an average load of 400 kW,
line. In parallel with this load is a 3-phase capacitor bank which draws 60 consisting of small induction motors and some electric heating. The
kVA. Find the total current. average pf is 60% lagging. A 150 kW synchronous motor driving a
a. 412 A c. 422 A compressor is added to the plant. Neglecting losses, calculate the pf at
b. 382 A d. 314 A which this motor operate in order to raise the pf of the plant to 80%
a. 0.778 c. 0.801
222. A balanced delta-connected load of (15 + j18) ohms per phase is b. 0.792 d. 0.871
connected at the end of a 3-phase line. The line impedance is (1 + j2)
ohms per phase. The line voltage is supplied from a 3-phase source with 234. An induction motor while driving a load, takes 350 kW at 0.707 pf
a line to line voltage of 207.85 V. Solve the line current. lagging. An over-excited synchronous motor is then connected in parallel
a. 16 A c. 12 A with the induction motor, taking 150 kW in power. If the overall pf (of
b. 14 A d. 18 A motors combined) becomes 0.9 lagging, calculate the kVA rating of the
synchronous motor.
223. A 460-V, 3-phase 60 Hz source supplies energy to the following 3- a. 184.8 kVA c. 158.3 kVA
phase loads: 200 Hp induction motor load operating at 94% and 0.88 pf b. 167.2 kVA d. 173.5 kVA
lagging, a 50 kW resistance heating load and a combination of
miscellaneous loads totaling 40 kW at a 0.70 lagging pf. Determine the 235. A synchronous motor taking 40 kW is working in parallel with a load
total kVA supplied. of 80 kW having a pf of 0.75 lagging. The pf of the combined load is 0.9
a. 279 c. 126 lagging. Find the reactive kVA of the motor.
b. 248 d. 159 a. 11.57 kVAR c. 11.92 kVAR
b. 12.43 kVAR d. 12.89 kVAR
224. A 3-phase, 4-wire star-connected system with 230-V between each
phase and neutral has resistances of 4, 5, and 6  respectively in 3 236. A factory takes 200 kW at 1100 V from a 3-phase supply and the pf
phases. Find the total power absorbed. is 0.71 lagging. A synchronous motor is installed which takes an
a. 38.53 kW c. 32.61 kW additional 100 kW. What must be the kVA rating on this motor to raise
b. 34.29 kW d. 30.18 kW the pf of the system to 0.87 lagging.
a. 104 kVA c. 106 kVA
225. A 3-phase, star-connected, 4-wire system with 230 V between each b. 108 kVA d. 110 kVA
phase to neutral and has resistances of 8, 10, and 20  respectively in
three phases. Determine the neutral current. 237. A factory load of 900 kW at 0.6 pf lagging is to be increased to 0.9
a. 15.21 A d. 13.58 A by the addition of synchronous motor that takes 450 kW. At what pf
b. 14.19 A c. 16.18 A must this motor operate?
a. 0.636 lagging c. 0.705 lagging
226. The load of an industrial concern is 400 kVA at a pf of 75% lagging. b. 0.682 lagging d. 0.733 lagging
An additional motor load of 100 kW is needed. Find the new kVA load if
motor to be added is an 80% pf (leading) synchronous motor. 238. The input to an industrial plant is 1440 kW at a pf of 0.6 lagging. It is
a. 507.8 kVA c. 442.5 kVA desired to connect a synchronous motor that operates at a leading pf of
b. 475.2 kVA d. 491.7 kVA 0.8 to the power mains and have it correct the over-all pf to 0.9.
Determine the power input to the synchronous motor.
227. A factory’s induction motor draws 550 kW at 82% pf. What kVA of a. 890 kW c. 990 kW
synchronous motor is required to carry 250 hp and raise the pf to 95%? b. 950 kW d. 1050 kW
a. 234.3 c. 293.2
b. 228.4 d. 263.8 239. A 3-phase synchronous motor is connected in parallel with a load of
500 kW at 0.80 lagging pf and its excitation is adjusted until it raises the
228. An industrial plant has a load of 1500 kVA at an average pf of 0.60 overall pf to 0.90 lagging. If the mechanical load on the motor including
lagging. Neglecting all losses, calculate the kVA input to a synchronous losses takes 125 kW, determine the kVA input to the motor.
condenser for an overall pf of unity. a. 162.9 c. 128.5
a. 1200 kVA c. 1000 kVA b. 144.4 d. 154.2
b. 900 kVA d. 800 kVA
240. A synchronous motor taking 40 kW is working in parallel with a load
229. An overexcited synchronous motor is connected across a 150-kVA of 80 kW having a pf of 0.75 lagging. The pf of the combined load is 0.9
inductive load of 0.7 lagging pf. The motor takes 12 kW while running on lagging. Find the pf of the motor.
no-load. Calculate the kVA rating of the motor if it is desired to bring the a. 0.938 leading c. 0.955 leading
overall pf of the motor-inductive load combination to unity. b. 0.921 leading d. 0.946 leading
a. 105.3 kVA c. 104.5 kVA
Page 16 of 18
241. A synchronous motor absorbing 60 kW is connected in parallel with b. 0.231 pu d. 0.245 pu
a load of 240 kW having a lagging pf of 0.80. If the combined load has a
pf of 0.90, at what pf is it working? 256. The per unit impedance value of a transformer corresponding to
a. 0.825 c. 0.884 base values 13.2 kV and 30 MVA is 0.2 pu. The pu value for the base
b. 0.859 d. 0.865 values 13.8 kV and 50 MVA is ___.
a. 0.331 pu c. 0.305 pu
242. A 3-phase, synchronous motor absorbing 60 kW is connected in b. 0.231 pu d. 0.245 pu
parallel with a factory load of 240 kW having a lagging pf of 0.80. The
combined load has a pf of 0.90. Determine the kVAR supplied by the 257. The pu impedance of a transformer is 0.242. If the base voltage is
motor. increased by 1.1 times, the pu value will be ___.
a. 28.2 c. 30.9 a. 0.266 c. 0.22
b. 34.7 d. 24.6 b. 0.242 d. 0.2

243. The per unit impedance of a circuit element is 0.15. If the base kV 258. A 500-kVA, 22 kV, 3-phase transformer has a per unit reactance of
and MVA are halved, the new value of the per unit impedance of the 0.12 based on its rating. What is the pu reactance at 750 kVA, 25 kV
circuit elements will be ___. base?
a. 0.075 c. 0.15 a. 0.139 c. 0.221
b. 0.30 d. 0.6 b. 0.158 d. 0.236

244. A system operates at 220 kVA and 11 kV. Using these quantities as 259. Three non-inductive resistances of 5, 10, and 15 ohms are
base values, find the base impedance for the system. connected in wye across the lines of a 3-phase 220-V circuit. What is the
a. 20  c. 100  total power absorbed?
b. 550  d. 34.64 a. 5560 W c. 5180 W
b. 5072 W d. 5280 W
245. Evaluate (1 + a) / (1 + a2)
a. 0.5 + j0.866 c. -0.5 + j0.866 260. Three equal non-inductive resistors are connected in wye to a
b. -0.5 - j j0.866 d. 0.5 –j0.866 circuit whose line voltages V12 = 141.4 V, V23 = 200 V, and V 31 = 141.4 V,
V12 leading V23. The magnitude of the line current I 1 = 13.33 A. Determine
246. The sequence component of phase a currents are: the resistance of each resistor.
Iao = 0 A; Ia1 = 10 + j5 A; Ia2 = 8 – j5 A. Determine current in phase c. a. 4 Ω c. 3 Ω
a. 17.74 cis 174.4 c. 15.45 cis 164.5 b. 5 Ω d. 6 Ω
b. 15.45 cis 134.3 d. 12.2 cis (-45.4)
261. Three parallel 3-phase loads are supplied from a 207.85 V rms, 60
247. Evaluate: (a – a2)( a2 – a). Hz, 3-phase supply. The loads are as follows: Load 1: A 15 hp motor
a. 3<0 c. 3.464<30 operating at full load, 93.25% efficiency and 0.6 lagging pf; Load 2: A
b. 3<90 d. 3.464<60 balanced resistive load that draws a total of 6 kW; Load 3: A Y-connected
capacitor bank with a total rating of 16 kVAR. What is the total supply
248. Three-phase unbalanced currents are: Ia = 10cis(-30)A; Ib = 0A; Ic = current?
10cis150A. What is the phase b positive sequence component? a. 50 A c. 46 A
a. 8.66 A c. 5.77 A b. 54 A d. 60 A
b. 5.77 cis240 d. 8.66 cis 120
262. A factory takes a load of 2400 kVA at 0.6 pf lagging. A synchronous
249. The line currents of a Y-connected transformer are the following: Ia motor having an input rating of 1500 kVA is to be installed to carry an
= 10 cis (-30), Ib = 12 cis 215, Ic = 15 cis 82. What is the neutral additional load of 1200 kW (output) and also to improve the pf.
current? Assuming a motor efficiency of 92.4%, calculate the over-all kVA load.
a. 2.53 A c. 3.11 A a. 2978 c. 2743
b. 3.45 A d. 2.87 A b. 2824 d. 2953

250. The three-phase unbalanced currents are: Ia=10cis(-30) A; Ib=0A; 263. Two loads are connected in parallel to a 3-phase, 460 V source.
Ic=10cis(-150)A. Find the zero sequence current. Load A is 900 kVA at a pf of 0.6 lagging and load B is 400 kW at a pf of
a. 3.33 cis30 c. 0 0.8 leading. Determine the overall pf.
b. 5.77 d. 3.33 a. 0.912 lag c. 0.929 lag
b. 0.951 lag d. 0.902 lag
251. Evaluate (1 + a) / (1 + a2)
a. 0.5 + j0.866 c. -0.5 + j0.866 264. A balanced delta load of impedance 6 + j8 Ω/phase is connected in
b. -0.5 - j j0.866 d. 0.5 –j0.866 a balanced 3-phase system with a line to line voltage: Vba = 220<0; Vcb
= 220<-120; Vac = 220<120. Determine the total power consumed.
252. Determine the zero sequence component of the following a. 8712 W c. 9124 W
unbalanced system voltage: Va=100cis30; Vb=150cis(-30); Vc=120 cis(- b. 8840 W d. 9025 W
120);
a. 62.257cis(-38.28) c. 77.023cis(-40.48) 265. A 460-V 3-phase source supplies a balanced load of 200 kW at a
lagging pf of 0.707 and two wattmeters are properly connected to
b. 67.589cis(-39.48) d. 68.589cis(-29.88)
measure the total power. Calculate the deflections registered by the
instruments.
253. What is the per unit impedance of a 50 MVA, 2% impedance
a. 40.5 kW; 159.5 kW c. 50.15 kW; 149.85 kW
transformer if the base is change to 100 MVA?
b. 45.25 kW; 154.75 kW d. 42.25 kW; 157.75 kW
a. 3% c. 2%
b. 4% d. 1%
266. Three delta-connected resistors absorb 60 kW when connected to a
3-phase line. If the resistors are connected in star, power absorbed is __.
254. What is the per unit impedance of a 50 MVA, 13.8 kV, 1%
a. 60 kW c. 20 kW
impedance transformer if the base is change to 100 MVA, 6.9 kV?
b. 120 kW d. 180 kW
a. 8% c. 2%
b. 4% d. 6%
267. A 3-phase, 3-wire 500 V, 60 Hz source supplies a 3-phase induction
motor, a wye-connected capacitor bank that draws 2 kVAR per phase,
255. The per unit impedance value of a transformer corresponding to
and a balanced 3-phase heater that draws a total of 10 kW. The
base values 13.2 kV and 30 MVA is 0.2 per unit. The unit value for the
induction motor is operating at its rated 75 hp load and has an efficiency
base values 13.8 kV and 50 MVA is
and pf of 90.5 and 89.5% respectively. Determine the system kW.
a. 0.331 pu c. 0.305 pu
Page 17 of 18
a. 80.43 kW c. 78.34 kW
b. 71.82 kW d. 80.32 kW

**** END ****

Page 18 of 18