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Law of Acceleration: Ron Niño Q. Abiera

The document summarizes Newton's second law of motion, which states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. It provides the mathematical equation for this relationship and defines key terms like force, mass, weight, and acceleration. Several example problems are worked out applying Newton's second law to calculate acceleration, force, tension, or mass given values for the other variables. Mass is distinguished from weight, and it is explained that weight depends on both mass and the local gravitational acceleration.

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Maria Chela Shophia Realo Mandario
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48 views23 pages

Law of Acceleration: Ron Niño Q. Abiera

The document summarizes Newton's second law of motion, which states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. It provides the mathematical equation for this relationship and defines key terms like force, mass, weight, and acceleration. Several example problems are worked out applying Newton's second law to calculate acceleration, force, tension, or mass given values for the other variables. Mass is distinguished from weight, and it is explained that weight depends on both mass and the local gravitational acceleration.

Uploaded by

Maria Chela Shophia Realo Mandario
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LAW OF

ACCELERATION
RON NIÑO Q. ABIERA
• The acceleration of a system is
directly proportional to and in
the same direction as the net
external force acting on the
system, and inversely
proportional to its mass.
Mathematically it is expressed as;
Where:

F = Force (kg ● m/s2)(N)


m = mass (kg)
a = acceleration (m/s2)
W = weight (N)
Other Formulas Generated
from Second Law of Motion:

W = mg F/W = a/g
MASS vs. WEIGHT
• Mass is a measure of how much matter
is in an object. The typical measure of
mass is the kilogram (or the “slug” in
English units).
• Weight, on the other hand, is a measure
of the force of gravity acting on an
object. Weight is equal to the mass of an
object (m) multiplied by the
acceleration due to gravity (g).
• For example, the acceleration due to
gravity on the Moon is 1.67m/s2 (which is
much less than the acceleration due to
gravity on Earth, 9.80m/s2). If you
measured your weight on Earth and
then measured your weight on the
Moon, you would find that you “weigh”
much less, even though you do not look
any skinnier.
• This is because the force of gravity is
weaker on the Moon. In fact, when
people say that they are “losing
weight,” they really mean that they
are losing “mass” (which in turn
causes them to weigh less).
1. Determine the accelerations that result
when a 10-N net force is applied to a 5-kg
object and then to a 10-kg object.
• Given:
F = 10 N m = 10kg
m = 5kg

a = F/m a = F/m
= 10N / 5kg = 10N / 10kg
= 2 m/s2 = 1 m/s2
2. A net force of 15 N is exerted on an encyclopedia
to cause it to accelerate at a rate of 5 m/s2.
Determine the mass of the encyclopedia.
• Given:
F = 15N m=?
a = 5 m/s2

m = F/a
= 15N / 5 m/s2
=3 kg.
3. Suppose that the net external force (push minus
friction) exerted on a lawn mower is 51 N (about 11 lb)
parallel to the ground. The mass of the mower is 24
kg. What is its acceleration?

• Given:
F = 51N a=?
m = 24 kg.

a = F/m
= 51N / 24kg.
= 2.13 m/s2
4. Neglecting friction, determine the horizontal
force needed to accelerate a 30kg grocery cart
from rest to a velocity of 0.60 m/s in 2s.
• Given
m = 30 kg v2 = 0.50 m/s Fx = ?
V1 = 0 m/s t = 2s

to solve for a; to solve for F;


a = vf – vi / t F = ma
= (0.60 m/s – 0 m/s) / 2s = (30kg)(0.30m/s2)
= 0.30 m/s2 = 9N
5. An object weighs 10 N. What force will give it
an acceleration of 15 m/s2 along a horizontal floor?

• Given:
W = 10 N g = 9.8 m/s2
a = 15 m/s2 F=?

F/W = a/g
F / 10N = (15 m/s2)/(9.8 m/s2)
F / 10N = 1.53
F = (10N)(1.53)
= 15.3N
6. A 20kg traveler’s bag is being pulled along the floor by
a tourist with a force of 50 N. The force is applied at the
handle that forms an angle of 300 with the horizontal.
Find the acceleration of the bag and how much force is
exerted on the floor.
Given:
F = 50N a=?
m = 20kg FN = ?
Ɵ = 300
* (Note: Compute for Fx horizontal component and Fy vertical component)

Fx = F cos300 ax = Fx/m
= (50N)(0.87) = (43.3N)/20kg.
= 43.3N = 2.17 m/s2

Fy = F sin300 W = mg
= (50N) (0.5) = (20kg)(9.8m/s2)
= 25N = 196 N
to compute for FN; ΣFy = 0 since
there is no vertical motion

ΣFy = FN – W + Fy
0 = FN – 196N + 25N
FN = 171N
7. The two crates weighing 60kg and
40kg accelerated upwards to a ship
at the rate of 0.30 m/s2. Determine
the tension of the ropes.
Given:
m1 = 60kg T1 = ?
m2 = 40kg T2 = ?
ay = 0.30 m/s2

to solve for T;
T1-T2 = m (g + ay) W1 = mg
= 60kg (9.8m/s2 + 0.30m/s2) = (60kg)(9.8m/s2)
= 606 N = 588N
T2 = m (g + ay) W2 = mg
= 40kg (9.8m/s2 + 0.30m/s2) = (40kg)(9.8m/s2)
= 404 N = 392 N

T1 – T2 = 606
T1 = 606 + 404
= 1010 N
REFERENCES
• https://courses.lumenlearning.com/physics/chapter/4-3-
newtons-second-law-of-motion-concept-of-a-system/
• https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/newtlaws/Lesson
-3/Newton-s-Second-Law
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F5oqJ5t-pa4
• Santos, Gil Nonato et.al. I – Physics (Investigatory
Physics) 2006.
• Cruz, Carmelita. Contemporary Physics. 2000
• Cordero – Navaza, Delia et.al. Physics (You and the
Natural World). 2011
• Microsoft Encarta 2009.
• Encyclopedia Britannica 2012.
THANK YOU!!!

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