Abolish IPP Neg: Index

Download as doc, pdf, or txt
Download as doc, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 14

NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg

Carolyn Koehnke Page 1 of 14

Abolish IPP Neg

INDEX

1. IPP has led to many beneficial scientific breakthroughs…….……2


Link: IPP Program Finded Research into nanotitanium (Forbes -10)
SQA 1.1) Nanotitanium is a new, beneficial metal financed through IPP
(Dentistry Today – 10)
SQA 1.2) Nanotitanium can be used to repair the human body (Forbes – 10)
SQA 1.3) IPP has helped facilitate the use of wind energy in Russia (National
Renewable Energy Laboratory – 99)
SQA 1.4) IPP led to the development of a weathering system that improves
product research efficiency (National Renewable Energy Laboratory – 09)
Link: IPP Funds testing of new mirror array system (National Renewable Energy
Laboratory – 09)
SQA 1.5) IPP Created beneficial product testing technology (National Renewable
Energy Laboratory – 09)
SQA 1.6) IPP creates jobs and new business (Stolar Horizon)
SQA 1.7) IPP helped lead to the development of advanced radar (Stolar Horizon)

2. IPP does not increase proliferation………………………………….…7


Inh. 2.1) GAO Report Paints an Incomplete Picture of IPP Program (Stimson
-08)
Inh 2.2) GAO Report misrepresents problems in IPP Program (Stimson -08)
Inh 2.3) IPP did not contribute to Iran’s nuclear program (Belfer Center for
Science and International Affairs – 09)
Inh 2.4) There is no evidence of IPP aiding proliferation (Space War – 08)
Sig 2.1) IPP Funding is a tiny portion of what it takes to run a facility. (Stimson
-08)

3. IPP is a success…………………….
………………………………………….….11
SQA 3.1) IPP creates a culture of security and a sense of ethics (Space War – 08)
SQA 3.2) The percentage of scientists in the program is not a mark of failure
(Space War – 08)
SQA 3.3) The mixture of the scientists in the program doesn’t mark its success or
failure (Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs – 09)

Bibliography………………………………………………………………13

CBK
Page 1 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 2 of 14

1. IPP has led to many beneficial scientific breakthroughs

Link: IPP Program Funded research into nanotitanium

Dentistry Today, “New Class of Metal for Dental Prosthetics to Be Introduced”


Dentistry Today, dentistrytoday.com, October 12, 2010

At that time, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, there was a genuine fear that some
out-of-work Soviet weapons scientists would sell their services and expertise to those
who would use them for illegal or clandestine applications. Enter the Global Initiative for
Proliferation Prevention at the U.S. Department of Energy, a DOE offshoot dedicated to
making sure this weapons technology would not wind up in the wrong hands but would
be repurposed for peaceful means. Over $12 million was spent in the creation of
nanotitanium. In the U.S. the project was overseen by the Los Alamos National
Laboratory and my company, Manhattan Scientifics. Now, the first ever nanotitanium
medical implant is FDA-approved for human applications--meaning it can be inserted
into the human body--and will begin distribution in the U.S. and Russia almost
immediately. (CK)
http://www.forbes.com/2010/10/14/weapons-healthcare-implants-technology-
nanotitanium.html
Date Accessed: January 10, 2011

SQA 1.1) Nanotitanium is a new, beneficial metal financed through IPP

Dentistry Today, “New Class of Metal for Dental Prosthetics to Be Introduced”


Dentistry Today, dentistrytoday.com, October 12, 2010

“Nanotitanium is the product of a collaboration of American scientists at Los Alamos


National Laboratory and Russian scientists to repurpose weapons technology for peaceful
means, and according to co-inventor Dr. Lowe, a breakthrough advancement for the
prosthetics and medical device industry.

“The new metal is not only a stronger material but it allows for integration with human
bone in half the amount of time compared to conventional metals,” commented Dr.
Lowe. “For patients receiving this new generation of medical implant, the result is faster
post-surgery healing as well as replacement devices that are more reliable and longer
lasting.”” (CK)
http://www.dentistrytoday.com/industry-news/3838-new-class-of-metal-for-dental-
prosthetics-to-be-introduced
Date Accessed: January 2, 2011

CBK
Page 2 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 3 of 14
SQA 1.2) Nanotitanium can be used to repair the human body

Terry Lowe (chief scientist at Manhattan Scientifics), “Using Cold War Tech for
Peacetime Healing,” Forbes, forbes.com, October 15, 2010

“So it should be no surprise that Cold War weapons technology can be repurposed for
peacetime use. It took a team of former Soviet and American weapons scientists putting
their heads together and using that technology to come up with a new super-metal that--
fittingly--can be used to repair the human body.” (CK)
http://www.forbes.com/2010/10/14/weapons-healthcare-implants-technology-
nanotitanium.html
Date Accessed: January 2, 2011

SQA 1.3) IPP has helped facilitate the use of wind energy in Russia

V. Gevorgian, K. Touryan (National Renewable Energy Laboratory), P. Bezrukikh


(Ministry of Fuel and Energy of Russian Federation), P. Bezurkikh Jr., V. Karghiev
(Intersolarcenter), “Wind-Diesel Hybrid Systems for Russia’s Northern Territories,”
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, nrel.gov, June 20-23, 1999

“Through the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Initiative for Proliferation Prevention
(IPP) program for Newly Independent States (NIS), a program has been established to
help facilitate and accelerate the large-scale use of wind energy technologies in areas of
Russia that are of interest to the U.S. wind energy industry. A key component of this
program is a wind resource assessment project that will reveal the level of wind resource
present in specific areas of Russia with the primary focus on the Northern Russian
Territories. The major product of this assessment project will be the development of
detailed wind resource maps which will use advanced Geographic Information Systems
(GIS) technology and sophisticated mapping techniques. New computing techniques will
use existing data sets obtained from sources in the United States and Russia. The
resultant maps and accompanying summaries of the wind resource characteristics will
facilitate the rapid identification of candidate locations for additional wind monitoring
and consideration of wind energy development.” (CK)
http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy99osti/27114.pdf
Date Accessed: January 2, 2011

CBK
Page 3 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 4 of 14
SQA 1.4) IPP led to the development of a weathering system that improves product
research efficiency

Bill Scalon, “Weathering System Cuts Product Testing Time,” National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, nrel.gov, September 25, 2009

“Serendipitously, a NREL [National Renewable Energy Laboratory] scientist working on


the furnace also was embarking on a separate project to homogenize the solar flux.” We
had all the components there that we needed," [NREL senior scientist Gary] Jorgensen
said. "It was just a matter of putting existing pieces together and initiating our new
project.

NREL researchers got going, but found they needed help. The scientists looked back to
the end of the Cold War to find it.

The U.S. government had freed up some money to put former Soviet nuclear weapons
scientists back to work. The aim of the Initiative for Proliferation Prevention was to re-
employ the laid off Soviet scientists so they wouldn't be tempted to sell weapons
technology to unstable regimes in order to feed their families.

"The Russian group designed the coated mirrors and the faceted mirror array," he said.
"They were able to work on a socially redeeming project."” (CK)
http://www.nrel.gov/features/20090925_weathering.html?print
Date Accessed: January 2, 2011

Link: IPP Funds testing of new mirror array system

“The U.S. government had freed up some money to put former Soviet nuclear weapons
scientists back to work. The aim of the Initiative for Proliferation Prevention was to re-
employ the laid off Soviet scientists so they wouldn't be tempted to sell weapons
technology to unstable regimes in order to feed their families.

"The Russian group designed the coated mirrors and the faceted mirror array," he said.
"They were able to work on a socially redeeming project."” (CK)
http://www.nrel.gov/features/20090925_weathering.html?print
Date Accessed: January 10, 2011

Bill Scalon, “Weathering System Cuts Product Testing Time,” National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, nrel.gov, September 25, 2009

CBK
Page 4 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 5 of 14

SQA 1.5) IPP Created beneficial product testing technology

“A senior scientist at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, working with


researchers in Russia and Arizona, has come up with a way to shine the equivalent of 50
suns on new products that need to be tested for outdoor durability.” (CK)
http://www.nrel.gov/features/20090925_weathering.html?print
Date Accessed: January 2, 2011

Bill Scalon, “Weathering System Cuts Product Testing Time,” National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, nrel.gov, September 25, 2009

SQA 1.6) IPP creates jobs and new business

Stolar Horizon, Inc. “Senator Domecnici Sees Stolar’s Promising New Technology First
Hand,” Stolar Horizon, Inc., stolarhorizon.com,

“The Stolar-NIIIS-KCP partnership represents an important nonproliferation goal of the


GIPP program. Both the U.S. and Russia will benefit from the many jobs and new
business created through this program.” (CK)
www.stolarhorizon.com/Press_Releases/MOU%20press.doc
Date Accessed: January 3, 2011

CBK
Page 5 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 6 of 14
SQA 1.7) IPP helped lead to the development of advanced radar

Stolar Horizon, Inc. “Senator Domecnici Sees Stolar’s Promising New Technology First
Hand,” Stolar Horizon, Inc., stolarhorizon.com,

“Senator Pete V. Domenici (R) (NM) surveyed innovative high-tech commercial


products emerging from Raton’s, Stolar Research Corporation on July 6th at Sandia
National Laboratories in Albuquerque. The occasion was signing the partnership
agreement between Stolar and partners NIIIS (Institute for Measuring Systems Research)
in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, and DOE’s Kansas City Plant (KCP) in Kansas City. The
agreement covers design and manufacture of advanced radar equipment, which the U.S.
and Russian partners will then market and sell.

The event showcased Stolar’s Drillstring Radar (DSR), developed jointly by NIIIS and
KCP as part of the National Nuclear Security Administration’s (NNSA) nonproliferation
program. DSR, which won an R&D 100 Award in 2004, uses electromagnetic waves to
detect planar boundaries of rock formations. DSR is used for coal-oil-methane gas
exploration. It uses electromagnetic waves to detect planar boundaries of rock
formations. DSR allows operator to “-see in advance of drilling-” for clean, safe coal
and/or methane gas exploration. DSR is also useful for mapping old abandoned mines.
(Have the benefits of DSR here?)
www.stolarhorizon.com/Press_Releases/MOU%20press.doc
Date Accessed: January 3, 2011

SQA 1.8) IPP has helped fund a biodiversity foundation

E.O. Wilson Biodiversity Foundation, “BioEnterprise,” E.O. Wilson Biodiversity


Foundation, eowilson.org, 2010

“The EO Wilson Biodiversity Foundation team has worked extensively with the former
Soviet Union’s bioweapons laboratories. The goal of our program was to redirect former
military research to activities that benefit humanity. Funded by the Department of
Energy’s Initiative for Proliferation Prevention (IPP) and led by Foundation team
members Jay Short, Eric Mathur, and Leif Christoffersen the program received 6 grants
totaling over $5,000,000 to support former soviet bio-weapons scientists at 7 facilities
throughout Russia, including those at the secret city of Pushchino, the home of the
Obelinsk Laboratory where anthrax was weaponized. For example, IPP funds were used
to modify an encapsulation technology developed for generating “bomblets” of anthrax
bacteria so that it can be used to stabilize enzymes for bio-catalytic applications including
the synthesis of chiral drug intermediates that are essential for making cost effective
pharmaceuticals.” (CK)
http://www.eowilson.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=36&Itemid=60
Date Accessed: January 3, 2011

CBK
Page 6 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 7 of 14

2. IPP does not increase proliferation

Inh. 2.1) GAO Report Paints an Incomplete Picture of IPP Program

Brian Finlay( co-director of the Cooperative Nonproliferation Program). “Energy


Department Links to Iranian Nukes Salacious …[in original] But Untrue”. Stimson
Center, stimson.org, February 25, 2008

“Two months ago [as of Feb 2008], the Government Accountability Office (GAO)
released a review of the Energy Department's Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention
(IPP) program-one of many US government cooperative nonproliferation efforts designed
to protect America from the threat of catastrophic terrorism. The GAO review criticized
IPP for overstating its accomplishments, lacking an enduring relevance sixteen years after
the Cold War, and bureaucratic inefficiency. Two Congressional hearings followed,
yielding press reports that intimated US taxpayer dollars went to pay Russian scientists
working to advance Tehran's nuclear ambitions.

Unfortunately, Congress is not getting the facts. The GAO report paints an incomplete
picture, and although the implication that America is aiding and abetting the Iranian
nuclear program is sensational, it lacks the benefit of being factual.” (CK)
http://www.stimson.org/spotlight/energy-department-links-to-iranian-nukes-salacious-
but-untrue/
Date Accessed: Jan 12, 2011

CBK
Page 7 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 8 of 14
Inh 2.2) GAO Report misrepresents problems in IPP Program

Brian Finlay( co-director of the Cooperative Nonproliferation Program). “Energy


Department Links to Iranian Nukes Salacious …[in original] But Untrue”. Stimson
Center, stimson.org, February 25, 2008

“Regarding purported connections to Iran, two IPP projects were at question. The first
project never got off the ground, and the second involved advanced drilling technologies-
not nuclear technology that could have supported Tehran's nuclear ambitions.
Undeterred, critics have implied that overheads paid from IPP contracts to former
weapons institutes in Russia are fungible and may have been used to prop up a complex
that would otherwise have faded. But their math doesn't work. The Bushehr nuclear deal
is purportedly worth upwards of $1.3 billion. The annual IPP budget is approximately
$20 million-up to 35% of which can be spent on program management in the United
States. The remainder, approximately $13 million, is spread among 100 institutes in five
participating countries, with only 3-10% being directed to allowable overheads. That
means that overhead payments from DoE to the Russian institute were worth a total of
between $22,000 and $75,000. To suggest that this investment propped up the institute
benefiting from a billion dollar plus contract with Iran is ludicrous. Elimination of this
program would have meant dozens of unemployed former weapons scientists, not an end
to the institute or the Bushehr nuclear deal between Russia and Iran.”
http://www.stimson.org/spotlight/energy-department-links-to-iranian-nukes-salacious-
but-untrue/
Date Accessed: Jan 12, 2011

CBK
Page 8 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 9 of 14
Inh 2.3) IPP did not contribute to Iran’s nuclear program

Andrew Newman (Research Associate with the Project on Managing the Atom) and
Matthew Bunn, (Associate Professor at Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of
Government.), “Funding for U.S. Efforts to Improve Controls Over Nuclear Weapons,
Materials, and Expertise overseas: A 2009 Update,” Belfer Center for Science and
International Affairs, belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu, June 2009

“The administration request of $20 million in FY 2010 funding for NNSA’s redirection
program, now known as Global Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention (GIPP) is $5
million more than the FY 2009 appropriation. GIPP has come under intense criticism in
recent years, from analysts who argued it was no longer needed, given improving
economic conditions in Russia; from Congressional investigators who pointed out that a
significant portion of the long-term jobs the program claims to have created have gone to
people who never were weapons experts;21 and from members of Congress who have
complained about the program funding projects at institutes which also have personnel
working on Iran’s safeguarded nuclear power reactor.22 Despite the recent improvements
in the Russian economy, however, a strong case can be made that reformed NNSA
scientist-redirection programs, which help integrate former Soviet weapon scientists into
the world technical community with its nonproliferation norms, maintain an ongoing
dialogue with institutes that will be central to the future of Russia’s weapons programs,
and provide access to technologies that benefit U.S. industry, continue to offer benefits to
U.S. national interests that are worth the modest investments the U.S. government makes
in them. The fact that some institutes that have received NNSA funds also have some
experts who have worked on a safeguarded power reactor in Iran does not in any way
mean that NNSA programs have somehow contributed to Iran’s nuclear program.
Moreover, while a substantial fraction of the long-term jobs these programs have created
have gone to people who are not weapons scientists, that is hardly a surprise. It is hard to
think of a new business in the United States or elsewhere that has former weapons
scientists for 100 percent, or even 80 percent, of its employees. To maintain the
momentum of this effort, a budget of roughly $30 million (comparable to the FY 2008
appropriation) would be appropriate, combined with direction to carry out an in-depth
analysis of what the most urgent risks of proliferation of weapons expertise are, and how
they might best be addressed.” (CK)
http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/2009_Nuclear_Budget_Final.pdf
Date Accessed: January 3, 2011

CBK
Page 9 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 10 of 14
Inh 2.4) There is no evidence of IPP aiding proliferation

Rosalie Westenskow, writer for Space War, “Analysis: Proliferation program effective?”
Space War, spacewar.com, February 4, 2008

“However, no evidence of IPP aiding proliferation exists, said Matthew Bunn, a nuclear
expert at Harvard University.

"Nothing about IPP encourages Russia to give information to Iran," Bunn told UPI.
"Russia already has a vast arsenal of nuclear weapons. Any technology that Russia would
transfer to Iran, Russia's already got."” (CK)
http://www.spacewar.com/reports/Analysis_Proliferation_program_effective_999.html
Date Accessed: January 2, 2011

Sig 2.1 IPP Funding is a tiny portion of what it takes to run a facility.

Brian Finlay( co-director of the Cooperative Nonproliferation Program). “Energy


Department Links to Iranian Nukes Salacious …[in original] But Untrue”. Stimson
Center, stimson.org, February 25, 2008

“Regarding purported connections to Iran, two IPP projects were at question. The first
project never got off the ground, and the second involved advanced drilling technologies-
not nuclear technology that could have supported Tehran's nuclear ambitions.
Undeterred, critics have implied that overheads paid from IPP contracts to former
weapons institutes in Russia are fungible and may have been used to prop up a complex
that would otherwise have faded. But their math doesn't work. The Bushehr nuclear deal
is purportedly worth upwards of $1.3 billion. The annual IPP budget is approximately
$20 million-up to 35% of which can be spent on program management in the United
States. The remainder, approximately $13 million, is spread among 100 institutes in five
participating countries, with only 3-10% being directed to allowable overheads. That
means that overhead payments from DoE to the Russian institute were worth a total of
between $22,000 and $75,000. To suggest that this investment propped up the institute
benefiting from a billion dollar plus contract with Iran is ludicrous. Elimination of this
program would have meant dozens of unemployed former weapons scientists, not an end
to the institute or the Bushehr nuclear deal between Russia and Iran.” (CK)
http://www.stimson.org/spotlight/energy-department-links-to-iranian-nukes-salacious-
but-untrue/
Date Accessed: Jan 12, 2011

CBK
Page 10 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 11 of 14

3. IPP is a success

SQA 3.1) IPP creates a culture of security and a sense of ethics

Rosalie Westenskow, writer for Space War, “Analysis: Proliferation program effective?”
Space War, spacewar.com, February 4, 2008

“Other proponents of the program argue the percentage of nuclear scientists, and the
commercial viability of projects, shouldn't be used as metrics to judge the program's
success.

IPP's real triumph lies in relationships, said Christina Chuen of the Center for
Nonproliferation Studies, a non-governmental research organization.

The program instills a sense of ethics and a culture of security in the foreign scientists
who participate, Chuen said, because they spend time working with U.S. scientists.” (CK)
http://www.spacewar.com/reports/Analysis_Proliferation_program_effective_999.html
Date Accessed: January 2, 2011

SQA 3.2) The percentage of scientists in the program is not a mark of failure

Rosalie Westenskow, writer for Space War, “Analysis: Proliferation program effective?”
Space War, spacewar.com, February 4, 2008

“The reason why it's not 80 or 90 percent (nuclear scientists) is simply that the focus on
commercialization requires projects that are outside (the expertise) of a weapons-of-
mass-destruction scientist," [Adam] Scheinman [assistant deputy administrator for
nonproliferation and international security at the Department of Energy’s National
Nuclear Security Administration] told United Press International. "That means we have
to bring in other scientists."” (CK)
http://www.spacewar.com/reports/Analysis_Proliferation_program_effective_999.html
Date Accessed: January 2, 2011

CBK
Page 11 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 12 of 14
SQA 3.3) The mixture of the scientists in the program doesn’t mark its success or
failure

Andrew Newman (Research Associate with the Project on Managing the Atom) and
Matthew Bunn, (Associate Professor at Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of
Government.), “Funding for U.S. Efforts to Improve Controls Over Nuclear Weapons,
Materials, and Expertise overseas: A 2009 Update,” Belfer Center for Science and
International Affairs, belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu, June 2009

“The administration request of $20 million in FY 2010 funding for NNSA’s redirection
program, now known as Global Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention (GIPP) is $5
million more than the FY 2009 appropriation. GIPP has come under intense criticism in
recent years, from analysts who argued it was no longer needed, given improving
economic conditions in Russia; from Congressional investigators who pointed out that a
significant portion of the long-term jobs the program claims to have created have gone to
people who never were weapons experts;21 and from members of Congress who have
complained about the program funding projects at institutes which also have personnel
working on Iran’s safeguarded nuclear power reactor.22 Despite the recent improvements
in the Russian economy, however, a strong case can be made that reformed NNSA
scientist-redirection programs, which help integrate former Soviet weapon scientists into
the world technical community with its nonproliferation norms, maintain an ongoing
dialogue with institutes that will be central to the future of Russia’s weapons programs,
and provide access to technologies that benefit U.S. industry, continue to offer benefits to
U.S. national interests that are worth the modest investments the U.S. government makes
in them. The fact that some institutes that have received NNSA funds also have some
experts who have worked on a safeguarded power reactor in Iran does not in any way
mean that NNSA programs have somehow contributed to Iran’s nuclear program.
Moreover, while a substantial fraction of the long-term jobs these programs have created
have gone to people who are not weapons scientists, that is hardly a surprise. It is hard to
think of a new business in the United States or elsewhere that has former weapons
scientists for 100 percent, or even 80 percent, of its employees. To maintain the
momentum of this effort, a budget of roughly $30 million (comparable to the FY 2008
appropriation) would be appropriate, combined with direction to carry out an in-depth
analysis of what the most urgent risks of proliferation of weapons expertise are, and how
they might best be addressed.” (CK)
http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/2009_Nuclear_Budget_Final.pdf
Date Accessed: January 3, 2011

CBK
Page 12 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 13 of 14

Bibliography

Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs: The Belfer Center is the hub of
the Harvard Kennedy School's research, teaching, and training in international security
affairs, environmental and resource issues, and science and technology policy.

The Center has a dual mission: (1) to provide leadership in advancing policy-relevant
knowledge about the most important challenges of international security and other critical
issues where science, technology, environmental policy, and international affairs
intersect; and (2) to prepare future generations of leaders for these arenas. Center
researchers not only conduct scholarly research, but also develop prescriptions for policy
reform. Faculty and fellows analyze global challenges from nuclear proliferation and
terrorism to climate change and energy policy
http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/about/

E.O. Wilson Biodiversity Foundation: The mission of the E. O. Wilson Biodiversity


Foundation is to preserve biological diversity in the living environment by inventing and
implementing business and educational strategies in the service of conservation.
http://www.eowilson.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=42&Itemid=68

Lowe, Terry: Chief Scientist at Manhattan Scientifics. Manhattan Scientifics, Inc.


(MHTX) advances technologies with potential world-changing impact to the threshold of
commercialization by following these principles of purpose, dedication and cooperation.
With highly skilled scientific and engineering expertise, resourceful, experienced
management, and strategic alliances Manhattan Scientifics is working to bring
technology solutions that shape the future into the commercial marketplace today.
http://www.mhtx.com/

National Renewable Energy Laboratory: The National Renewable Energy Laboratory


(NREL) is the nation's primary laboratory for renewable energy and energy efficiency
research and development (R&D).

NREL's mission and strategy are focused on advancing the U.S. Department of Energy's
and our nation's energy goals. The laboratory's scientists and researchers support critical
market objectives to accelerate research from scientific innovations to market-viable
alternative energy solutions.
http://www.nrel.gov/overview/

CBK
Page 13 of 14
NVCC Property Abolish IPP Neg
Carolyn Koehnke Page 14 of 14
Stimson Center: The Stimson Center is a nonprofit, nonpartisan institution devoted to
enhancing international peace and security through a unique combination of rigorous
analysis and outreach.

The Stimson Center's work is focused on three priorities that are essential to global
security:

• strengthening institutions for international peace and security


• building regional security, and
• reducing weapons of mass destruction and transnational threats

http://www.stimson.org/about/.

Stolar Horizon: Founded in 1983, Stolar Horizon is a company specializing in state-of-


the-art radio geophysics. Stolar is responsible for the development and prototype
manufacturing of a family of proprietary products that use electromagnetic radio waves in
various applications pertaining to coal mining and the extraction of oil and gas. Stolar
holds more than 40 patents relevant to this specialized technology.

http://stolarhorizon.com/

CBK
Page 14 of 14

You might also like