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A319/A320/A321

TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

MECHANICS / ELECTRICS & AVIONICS COURSE

34 NAVIGATION
This document must be used for training purpose only

Under no circumstances should this document be used as a reference.

It will not be updated.

All rights reserved.


No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form,
by photostat, microfilm, retrieval system, or any other means,
without the prior written permission of Airbus Industrie.
_A319/A320/A321 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
MECHANICS / ELECTRICS & AVIONICS COURSE 34 NAVIGATION
34 NAVIGATION
UF94200 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
NAVIGATION GENERAL WR/PWS Controls and Displays (2)............... 227
System Presentation (1) .......................... 1 WR/PWS Operational Precautions (2) ............ 243
** Radio Navigation Control Presentation (1) .... 5 WR/PWS Components (3) .......................... 247
** System Controls Presentation (1) ............. 9 RADIO ALTIMETER (RA) SYSTEM
Standby Instrument Presentation (1) ............ 19 Radio Altimeter System Presentation (1) ....... 255
Radio Management Panel (RMP) Presentation (1) .. 31 Radio Altimeter Description/Operation (3) ..... 263
DDRMI Presentation (1) .......................... 35 ** RA Indications on PFD & AUTO Call Out (2) .. 269
ADIRS ** Radio Altimeter Components (3) ............. 275
ADIRS Principle (1) .............................. 41 TRAFFIC COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM (TCAS)
ADIRS Presentation (1) .......................... 55 TCAS Presentation (1) .......................... 283
** Air Data Probes Presentation (1) ............ 61 TCAS Description/Operation (3) ................. 291
** ADIRS CDU Presentation (2) ................... 65 TCAS Control Panel Description/Operation (2) .. 297
** ADIRS Switching (2) .......................... 77 TCAS Indications on PFD and Aural Alerts (2) .. 305
ADIRUs Interconnection (3) ...................... 83 TCAS Indications on ND (2) ..................... 311
** ADIRS Alignment through MCDU (2) ............ 87 TCAS Components (3) ............................. 317
ADIRS Alignment through CDU (2) ................. 91
ADIRS Back-up Operation (ATT MODE) (3) ......... 95 ENHANCED GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING SYSTEM
ADIRS Indications on PFD (2) .................... 99 (EGPWS)
ADIRS Indications on ND (2) .................... 113 ** EGPWS Presentation (1) ...................... 333
** ADIRS Indications on ECAM DU (2) ........... 121 ** EGPWS Description/Operation (3) ............ 341
ADIRS ECAM Warnings (2) ........................ 125 ** EGPWS Modes (3) .............................. 347
Standby Instrument Components (3) ............. 137 ** EGPWS Indications on ND (2) ................. 365
** ADIRS Components (3) ........................ 149 ** EGPWS Components (3) ........................ 371

MULTI MODE RECEIVER (MMR) SYSTEM DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT (DME) SYSTEM
MMR System Description (1) ..................... 159 DME System Presentation (1) .................... 375
MMR Description/Operation (3) .................. 175 DME Description/Operation (3) .................. 383
MMR Indications on PFD (2) ..................... 183 DME Indications on PFD and ND (2) ............. 389
MMR Indications on ND (2) ...................... 191 DME Components (3) .............................. 395
MMR Components (3) .............................. 201 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL (ATC) SYSTEM
WEATHER RADAR (WR) & PREDICTIVE WINDSHEAR ATC System Presentation (1) .................... 405
(PWS) ATC Description/Operation (3) .................. 411
UF94200

WR/PWS System Presentation (1) ................. 209 ATC Control Panel Description/Operation (2) ... 417
WR/PWS Description/Operation (3)............... 219 ATC Components (3) .............................. 425

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34 NAVIGATION
UF94200 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER (ADF) SYSTEM
ADF System Presentation (1) .................... 439
ADF Description/Operation (3) .................. 449
ADF Indications on ND (2) ...................... 455
ADF Components (3) .............................. 463
VOR/MARKERS SYSTEM
VOR/MKR System Presentation (1) ................ 469
VOR/MKR Description/Operation (3) ............. 481
VOR/MKR Indications on ND (2) .................. 487
VOR/MKR Components (3) ......................... 497
WARNINGS
ECAM Warnings (Except ADIRS) (2)............... 503
MAINTENANCE PRACTICES
SPECIFIC PAGES
** ADIRS/CFDS Specific Page Present. (3) .... 509
RAD Alt./CFDS Specific Page Present. (3) .... 533
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-00-00 SYSTEM PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
General
ADIRS
Landing and Taxiing Aids Systems
Independent Position Determining Systems
Dependent Position Determining Systems
TMUNA2001 LEVEL 1
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SYSTEM PRESENTATION

GENERAL LANDING AND TAXIING AIDS

The aircraft navigation systems provide the crew with The Head-Up Display (HUD) is used as a piloting aids
the data required for flight within the most system for roll out, take-off and landing (optional).
appropriate safety requirements. The Instrument Landing System (ILS), is use to obtain
This data is divided into four groups: the optimum aircraft position during an approach and
- AIR DATA/INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM (ADIRS), landing phase.
- LANDING AND TAXIING AIDS, The Marker (MKR) system is used to indicate the
- INDEPENDENT POSITION DETERMINING, distance to the runway threshold during an ILS descent.
The aircraft is equipped with:
- DEPENDENT POSITION DETERMINING.
- 1 HUD (optional),
ADIRS - 2 ILS,
- 1 MARKER (Included in the VOR receiver).
The ADIRS is an integrated Air Data System and an Frequency Control is achieved either automatically or
Inertial Reference System. One part called Air Data manually (through the MCDU) by the Flight Management
Reference mainly computes speed and altitude and Guidance Computers (FMGCs) or manually through the
information from air parameters. The other part called Radio Management Panels (RMPs).
Inertial Reference mainly computes heading, attitude
and position from gyros and accelerometers.
The ADIRS is composed of three Air Data/Inertial
Reference Units (ADIRUs).
Besides the ADIRUs, there are still standby
instruments:
- Altimeter and Airspeed indicators directly
supplied by pressure lines,
- Standby Compass,
TMUNA2001-T01 LEVEL 1

- Standby Horizon.
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TMUNA2001-P01 LEVEL 1
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SYSTEM PRESENTATION

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SYSTEM PRESENTATION

INDEPENDENT POSITION DETERMINING SYSTEMS The Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) system gives
the aircraft slant distance to a ground station.
This part of the navigation systems, called independent The Air Traffic Control system (ATC) enables a ground
system, provides information regarding the safety of operator to identify and track the aircraft without
the aircraft without taking reference from any ground having to communicate with the flight crew.
station. The Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) system is a radio
The Weather Radar / Predictive Windshear (WR/PWS) compass system providing the azimuth of a Non
system detects the position and intensity of Directional Beacon (NDB) with respect to the aircraft
precipitations which are shown on the Navigation center line.
Displays (ND’s). The VHF Omni Range (VOR) system gives the bearing of
The windshear capability serves to detect any sudden a ground VOR Station with respect to the magnetic North
change of wind speed and/or direction (Optional). and the aircraft angular deviation related to a
The Radio Altimeter (RA) system gives the aircraft preselected course.
height above the ground, independently of the The Global Positioning System (GPS) is based on the
atmospheric pressure. measurement of the transmission time of signals
The Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) detects broadcast by satellites.
the aircraft in the immediate vicinity. This part of the Navigation includes:
The Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS) - 2 DME,
warns the flight crew about the aircraft behaviour in - 2 ATC,
dangerous configuration when approaching the ground. - 1 ADF (the second is optional),
This part of the Navigation system includes:
- 2 VOR,
- 1 Weather Radar / Predictive Windshear (WR/PWS) - 2 GPS.
(the second is optional),
- 2 Radio Altimeter (RA), NOTE 1: The VOR or DME frequency control is achieved
- 1 Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS), either automatically or manually (through the
- 1 Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System MCDU) by the FMGCs or manually though the RMPs.
TMUNA2001-T01 LEVEL 1

(EGPWS).
NOTE 2: Although the Marker Beacon belongs to the
DEPENDENT POSITION DETERMINING SYSTEMS Landing Aids System, it is physically
integrated into the VOR receiver.
This part of the navigation system, called dependent
UF94200

system, provides various means of navigation through


data exchange with ground installations or satellites.

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-00-00 RADIO NAVIGATION CONTROL


PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
Automatic Tuning
Manual Tuning
Back-Up Tuning
Self Examination
TMUNAV701 LEVEL 1
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RADIO NAVIGATION CONTROL PRESENTATION

AUTOMATIC TUNING

The Automatic Tuning permits the control of VOR / DME,


ILS and ADF by the Flight Management and Guidance
System.
In this case the RMP is transparent to its associated
FMGC.
In normal operation FMGC1 tunes receivers 1, FMGC2
tunes receivers 2.
In case of failure of FMGC 1 or 2, the remaining FMGC
controls all receivers.

MANUAL TUNING

The manual tuning permits the pilot to select, through


the Multipurpose Control Display Unit, a specific
frequency for display on the EFIS.

NOTE: To return to the autotuning mode, the manual


tuning has to be cleared.

BACK-UP TUNING

Radio Management Panels 1 and 2 located on the pedestal


provide back-up for Radio Navigation tuning.
We are in the case of both FMGCs inoperative or
emergency electrical supply.
TMUNAV701-T01 LEVEL 1

The ILS course and frequency are the only Radio


Navigation data exchanged.
The selected values on RMP 1 and RMP 2 are identical
for ILS 1 and ILS 2.
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RADIO NAVIGATION CONTROL PRESENTATION

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SELF EXAMINATION

Can VOR 2 frequency be changed through RMP 1?


A - Yes.
B - No.

In back-up mode, an ILS can be tuned through:


A - RMP 1 or 2.
B - RMP 1 only.
C - The onside RMP only.
TMUNAV701 LEVEL 1
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-00-00 SYSTEM CONTROLS PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
Multipurpose Control Display Unit (MCDU)
ADIRS Control Display Unit (ADIRS CDU)
Radio Management Panel (RMP)
Audio Control Panel (ACP)
TMUNA2101 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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SYSTEM CONTROLS PRESENTATION

MULTIPURPOSE CONTROL DISPLAY UNIT (MCDU)

The Multipurpose Control and Display Unit (MCDU) allows


the crew:
- To display the Radio Navigation frequencies
(automatically or manually tuned) on a specific
page called RAD/NAV.
- To align the Inertial Reference systems from
a specific page called INIT via the FMGC.
- To initiate tests for all navigation
systems and for troubleshooting via the
CFDIU.
TMUNA2101-T01 LEVEL 1
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TMUNA2101-P01 LEVEL 1
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SYSTEM CONTROLS PRESENTATION - MCDU

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SYSTEM CONTROLS PRESENTATION

ADIRS CONTROL DISPLAY UNIT (ADIRS CDU)

The ADIRS Control and Display Unit allows the following


functions:
- To switch on the ADR and IR by setting a single
control to NAV.
- To disconnect the ADR output bus by a specific
pushbutton.
- To check the ADIRU operation
- To align the IR instead of using the MCDU.

NOTE: when set to ATT, the systems are still energized


but the IR is in downgraded operation mode.
TMUNA2101-T02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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TMUNA2101-P02 LEVEL 1
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SYSTEM CONTROLS PRESENTATION - ADIRS CDU

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SYSTEM CONTROLS PRESENTATION

RADIO MANAGEMENT PANEL (RMP)

The main function of the Radio Management Panels (RMP)


is to control all communication frequencies. However
they are also used for standby selection of
Radio/NAV frequencies.
The standby operation is used in case of dual FMGC
failure, provided the NAV pushbutton switch has been
pressed.
TMUNA2101-T03 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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SYSTEM CONTROLS PRESENTATION - RMP

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SYSTEM CONTROLS PRESENTATION

AUDIO CONTROL PANEL (ACP)

The Audio Control Panels (ACP) enable to control the


reception of all audio signals identifying the various
beacons and stations.

NOTE: DME identification signals can be selected by


using the knob of the colocated VOR or ILS.
TMUNA2101-T04 LEVEL 1
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TMUNA2101-P04 LEVEL 1
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SYSTEM CONTROLS PRESENTATION - ACP

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TMUNA2101 LEVEL 1
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-20-00 STANDBY INSTRUMENT PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
Standby Compass
Standby Horizon
Standby Altimeter
Standby Airspeed Indicator (ASI)
Metric Altimeter (Option)
TMUNAVE03 LEVEL 1
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STANDBY INSTRUMENT PRESENTATION

STANDBY COMPASS

The standby compass is located on the top windshield


center post.
It is stowed in normal configuration.
A correction card is glued to the side of the compass
assembly.
Non-magnetic lamp:
- A non-magnetic lamp assembly lights the compass card.
It is controlled by a STBY COMPASS switch located on
the INT LT panel on the overhead panel.
Graduated compass:
- The graduated compass card is attached to a magnetic
element. It is free to rotate inside the compass bowl
and is immersed in a damping liquid.
Lubber line:
- A lubber line indicates the magnetic heading.
Compensation holes:
- Two holes marked NS and EW, allow compensation by
positioning two small magnetic bars called
compensators.
TMUNAVE03-T01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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TMUNAVE03-P01 LEVEL 1
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STANDBY INSTRUMENT PRESENTATION - COMPASS

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STANDBY INSTRUMENT PRESENTATION

STANDBY HORIZON

The Standby horizon is located on the center instrument


panel and comprises the following elements:
Roll pointer:
- The roll information is given by a pointer which
moves in front of a graduated roll scale.
Roll scale:
- The roll scale is graduated in 10 degree increments
between -30 and +30 degrees and 15 degree increments
up to 60 degrees.
Flag:
- The flag comes into view if a failure is detected
in the electrical power supply or if the gyro rotor
speed drops below 18000 RPM.
Pitch drum:
- The pitch drum is divided into two zones separated
by the reference horizon.
The pitch indications are displayed between -80 and
+80 degrees.
Aircraft symbol:
- The aircraft symbol is fixed.
Resetting knob:
- Fast resetting can be performed by pulling the caging
knob (Also used for shipping to protect the gyro).
TMUNAVE03-T02 LEVEL 1
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TMUNAVE03-P02 LEVEL 1
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STANDBY INSTRUMENT PRESENTATION - HORIZON

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STANDBY INSTRUMENT PRESENTATION

STANDBY ALTIMETER

The Standby Altimeter is located on the center


instrument panel and comprises the following elements:
Adjustable bugs:
- Four manually adjustable bugs are provided for
reference altitude setting.
Altitude counter:
- A display counter made up of two drums displays the
tens of thousands, and the thousands of feet.
When the altitude is below 10000 feet, the left drum
displays black and white stripes.
In case of negative altitude the left drum displays
orange and white stripes.
Altitude pointer:
- The pointer indicates the hundreds of feet with 20
feet increments.
To prevent the pointer from sticking, an internal
vibrator is installed.
It is only supplied in flight.
Altitude dial:
- The altitude dial is calibrated from O to 1000 feet
with 20 feet graduations.
Baro correction counter:
- The baro correction is displayed on a counter
graduated in hecto Pascals.
Adjustment baro setting knob:
TMUNAVE03-T03 LEVEL 1

- The knob enables adjustment of the baro setting in


the range of 750 to 1050 hecto Pascals.
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TMUNAVE03-P03 LEVEL 1
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STANDBY INSTRUMENT PRESENTATION - ALTIMETER

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STANDBY INSTRUMENT PRESENTATION

STANDBY AIRSPEED INDICATOR (ASI)

The Standby Airspeed Indicator (ASI) is located on the


center instrument panel and comprises the following
elements:
Ajustable bugs:
- Four manually adjustable bugs are provided for
reference speed setting.
Speed pointer:
- The pointer moves on a graduated dial.
Speed dial:
- The dial is made of two linear scales: one from 60kt
to 250kt with 5kt increments, the other from 250 to
450kt with 1Okt increments.
TMUNAVE03-T04 LEVEL 1
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TMUNAVE03-P04 LEVEL 1
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STANDBY INSTRUMENT PRESENTATION - AIRSPEED INDICATOR

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STANDBY INSTRUMENT PRESENTATION

METRIC ALTIMETER (OPTION)

The Metric Altimeter is located on the center


instrument panel and comprises the following elements:
A display counter, made up of two drums displays the
tens of thousands and the thousands of meters.
Altitude counter:
- When the altitude is below 10,000 meters, the left
drum displays black and white stripes.
In case of negative altitude the left drum displays
orange and white stripes.
Altitude pointer:
- The pointer indicates the hundreds of meters with
50 meter increments.
Altitude dial:
- The altitude dial is calibrated from O to 1000 meters
with 50 meter graduations.
Baro correction counter:
- The baro correction is displayed on a the lower
counter and is graduated in hecto Pascals.
Adjustment baro setting knob:
- The knob enables adjustment of the baro setting in
the range of 870 to 1050 hecto Pascals.
TMUNAVE03-T05 LEVEL 1
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TMUNAVE03-P05 LEVEL 1
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STANDBY INSTRUMENT PRESENTATION - METRIC ALTIMETER (OPTION)

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-00-00 RADIO MANAGEMENT PANEL (RMP)


PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
General
Standby Navigation Keys
Rotating Knob
Standby/Course (STBY/CRS) Window
Active Window
TMUNA2201 LEVEL 1
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RADIO MANAGEMENT PANEL (RMP) PRESENTATION

GENERAL The desired frequency or course is set in the STBY/CRS


window. Frequency becomes active by pressing the
The radio Nav frequency selection can only be performed transfer key.
when the guarded NAV key LED is on, after a dual FMGS
loss STANDBY/COURSE (STBY/CRS) WINDOW
The ON/OFF switch controls the power supply of the
RMP. The STANDBY/COURSE window displays a standby frequency
or a course.
STANDBY NAVIGATION KEYS Both can be changed by rotating the knob, but only the
standby frequency can be made active by pressing the
As long as the NAV key is the only STBY NAV key selected, transfer key.
the windows still display communication frequencies. If a course is displayed, the associated frequency is
Then, pressing the VOR, ILS or ADF key changes the displayed in the ACTIVE window.
displays to the last RMP memorized values (frequency
and course). NOTE: If a course is displayed on the STBY/CRS window,
At any time, communication frequencies are still pressing the transfer key will display the ACTIVE
selectable, simply by pressing the corresponding key. frequency in both windows.
Beat Frequency Oscillator (BFO) is set on or off by
pressing the key. ACTIVE WINDOW

NOTE: The Microwave Landing System (MLS) key is a The active window shows the frequency in use of the
provision. system identified by the green LED on the selected
key.
ROTATING KNOB

Two concentric knobs allow preselection of frequency


for radio communication and standby navigation systems
TMUNA2201-T01 LEVEL 1

and selection of the required course for VORs and ILSs:


- the outer knob controls the most significant
digits,
- the inner knob controls the least significant
UF94200

digits.

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UF94200

RADIO MANAGEMENT PANEL (RMP) PRESENTATION

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UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-00-00 DDRMI PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
General
Normal Operation
Failure and Non Computed Data (NCD)
Self Examination
TMUNAVF02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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DDRMI PRESENTATION

GENERAL

The Digital Distance and Radio Magnetic Indicator


(DDRMI) is located on the center instrument panel.
It’s a combined VOR/ADF/DME RMI.

Note: Some DDRMIs are not equipped with the ADF


capability.

NORMAL OPERATION

The DME 1 Distance is displayed in the left hand window.


The DME 2 Distance is displayed in the right hand
window.
A single pointer indicates the VOR 1 or ADF 1 bearing.
A double pointer indicates the VOR 2 or ADF 2 bearing.
The selection of VOR or ADF is provided for each pointer
by a selector switch.
TMUNAVF02-T01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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UF94200

DDRMI PRESENTATION - NORMAL OPERATION

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DDRMI PRESENTATION

FAILURE AND NON COMPUTED DATA (NCD)

When a failure is detected by the DME or RMI monitoring


circuits, the corresponding DME display window is
blanked.
In case of Non Computed Data (NCD), for example:
- out-of-range station, the window shows white
horizontal dashed lines.
Heading information normally comes from ADIRU 1.
If it fails, the heading is provided by ADIRU 3 after
pilot switching.
In case of VOR or ADF 1 or 2 receiver failure, a red
flag comes into view and the corresponding pointer is
set to the 3 o’clock position.
In case of Non Computed Data (NCD), no failure flag
appears, but the corresponding pointer is set to the
3 o’clock position.
TMUNAVF02-T02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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TMUNAVF02-P02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

DDRMI PRESENTATION - FAILURE AND NON COMPUTED DATA (NCD)

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SELF EXAMINATION

From which ADIRU can the DDRMI receive information ?


A - ADIRU 1 or 2.
B - ADIRU 2 or 3.
C - ADIRU 1 or 3.
TMUNAVF02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-10-00 ADIRS PRINCIPLE

CONTENTS:
General
ADM Functional Description
ADM Inputs
ADM Output
ADR Computation
IR Strapdown
Ring Laser Gyro
Accelerometer
IR Computation
TMUADI001 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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ADIRS PRINCIPLE

GENERAL

The Air Data/Inertial Reference Unit (ADIRU) comprises


an Air Data Reference Unit and an Inertial Reference
Unit, both included in a single unit.
Data from external sensors (Angle of Attack, Total Air
Temperature, Air Data Module) are used by the ADIRU.
The ADIRUs are interfaced with the ADIRS Display
Control Unit (CDU) for control and status annunciation.
TMUADI001-T01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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TMUADI001-P01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

ADIRS PRINCIPLE - GENERAL

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ADIRS PRINCIPLE

ADM FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

A microcomputer processes an ARINC signal according


to the discrete inputs and to the digitized pressure.

ADM INPUTS

The ADM Inputs are one pressure input and several


discrete inputs.
The ADMs are identical.
The discrete inputs determine the ADM location and the
type of pressure data (Pitot or Static) provided to
the ADR.

ADM OUTPUT

The ADM output is an ARINC bus which provides digital


pressure information, type of pressure, ADM
identification and BITE status to the ADIRU.
TMUADI001-T02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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UF94200

ADIRS PRINCIPLE - ADM

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ADIRS PRINCIPLE

ADR COMPUTATION

The ADR processes sensor and ADM inputs in order to


provide air data to users.
TMUADI001-T03 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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TMUADI001-P03 LEVEL 1
UF94200

ADIRS PRINCIPLE - ADR

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ADIRS PRINCIPLE

IR STRAPDOWN

In a strapdown Inertial Reference System the gyros and


the accelerometers are solidly attached to the aircraft
structure.
The strapdown laser gyro provides directly
accelerations and angular speeds.
TMUADI001-T04 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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TMUADI001-P04 LEVEL 1
UF94200

ADIRS PRINCIPLE - IR

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ADIRS PRINCIPLE

RING LASER GYRO

The three ring laser gyros, one for each rotation axis,
provide inertial rotation data and are composed of two
opposite laser beams in a ring.
At rest, the two beams arrive at the sensor with the
same frequency.
An aircraft rotation creates a difference of
frequencies between the two beams.
The frequency difference is measured by optical means
providing a digital output which, after computation,
will provide rotation information.

NOTE: Light Amplification Stimulated Emission of


Radiation (LASER)
TMUADI001-T05 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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TMUADI001-P05 LEVEL 1
UF94200

ADIRS PRINCIPLE - GYRO

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ADIRS PRINCIPLE

ACCELEROMETER

Three accelerometers, one for each axis, provide linear


accelerations.
The acceleration signal is sent to a processor which
uses this signal to compute the velocity and the
position.

IR COMPUTATION

Each ADIRU computes the laser gyro and the


accelerometer outputs to provide Inertial Reference
data to users.
TMUADI001-T06 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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UF94200

ADIRS PRINCIPLE - ACCELEROMETER

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UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-10-00 ADIRS PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
General
MCDU
ADIRS CDU
Probes
FCU
GPS
DMC
DMC/PFD & ND
ADIRS Switching
Users
Self Examination
TMUADIA01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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ADIRS PRESENTATION

GENERAL FCU

The Air Data Inertial Reference System (ADIRS) is The ADIRUs receive, from the Flight Control Unit (FCU),
composed of three Air Data Inertial Reference Units the Baro correction set by the crew.
(ADIRU), each having their own set of probes and
sensors and a common Control Display Unit (CDU). GPS

MCDU The Global Positioning System (GPS) provides data to


the ADIRS, mainly A/C position and speed. The ADIRS
The Multipurpose Control and Display Units (MCDUs) are processes the GPS data and provides pure GPS data,
normally used to align the Inertial References, to pure IR data and hybrid GPS/ADIRS data to users.
initiate the ADIRU tests and to display ADIRU
information. DMC

ADIRS CDU The Display Management Computers (DMCs) 1 and 2 receive


their data from their related ADIRU and from ADIRU 3.
The ADIRS Control Display Unit is used as a back-up The Display Management Computer 3 (DMC3) receives
for Inertial Reference alignment. It is also used for information from all three ADIRUs, to operate as a
mode selection, information display and status back-up in case of DMC1 or 2 failure.
indication.
DMC/PFD & ND
PROBES
ADIRU 1 and 2 display information via DMC 1 and 2, on
The Air Data input parameters, such as total and static the corresponding Primary Flight Display (PFD) and
pressures, Angle Of Attack (AOA) and Total Air Navigation Display (ND).
Temperature (TAT) are sent, from the related probes ADIRU 3 operates as a back-up in case of ADIRU 1 or 2
and sensors, to the three ADIRUs. failure.
TMUADIA01-T01 LEVEL 1

NOTE : static and total pressure are sent to the ADIRUs


via the ADMs.
UF94200

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UF94200

ADIRS PRESENTATION

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ADIRS PRESENTATION

ADIRS SWITCHING

Basically, ADIRU 1 is associated to the captain


instruments, ADIRU 2 to the first officer instruments
and ADIRU 3 is in standby.
In case of failure of the Air Data Reference (ADR) or
Inertial Reference (IR) function of ADIRU 1 or 2, the
affected instruments and displays may be manually
switched independently to ADIRU 3 by means of selector
switches.

USERS

The ADIRUs are directly connected to other user system.


TMUADIA01-T01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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SELF EXAMINATION

Which ADIRU does not supply DMC 1?


A - ADIRU 1.
B - ADIRU 2.
C - ADIRU 3.
TMUADIA01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-13-00 AIR DATA PROBES PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
Pitot Probes
Static Ports
AOA Sensors
TAT Sensors
Water Drain
Self Examination
TMUADIB01 LEVEL 1
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AIR DATA PROBES PRESENTATION

PITOT PROBES TAT SENSORS

The total pressure is sent from the Pitot Probes to The three ADIRUs receive Total Air Temperature
the Air Data Modules which convert it into ARINC words information from two Total Air Temperature sensors.
used by the Air Data Inertial Reference Units.
Three pitot probes provide total pressure to three Air NOTE: that ADIRU3 receives the Total Air Temperature
Data Modules (ADM) which convert this pressure into (TAT) from the TAT 1 sensor which is composed
digital format (ARINC 429). of two elements.
ARINC words are then sent to the corresponding Air
Data Inertial Reference Unit (ADIRU). The standby pitot WATER DRAIN
probe supplies the standby Airspeed Indicator (ASI)
and ADR3 through its related ADM. The probes are installed in such a way that their
pressure lines do not require a water drain, except
STATIC PORTS for that of the standby static ports.

Each Air Data Module transforms the static pressure


coming from the static ports into ARINC words.
Six static ports provide static pressure to five ADMs
which convert this pressure into digital format (ARINC
429).
The standby static ports provide an average pressure
directly to the standby instruments, and to ADR3
through a single ADM.

AOA SENSORS

Each ADIRU receives angle of attack information from


TMUADIB01-T01 LEVEL 1

its corresponding Angle Of Attack (AOA) sensors.


The Angle Of Attack sensors are also called Alpha
probes.
UF94200

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UF94200

AIR DATA PROBES PRESENTATION

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SELF EXAMINATION

How do pitot and static probes supply the ADIRUs?


A - Using ADMs which convert pressure into
digital format.
B - Directly with total and static pressures.
C - Directly with digital format.

Where does ADIRU3 receive TAT information from?


A - Captain TAT sensor.
B - First-Officer TAT sensor.
C - Standby TAT sensor.

Which pressure line(s) need(s) to be drained?


A - All pitot lines.
B - All static lines.
C - Only the standby static line.
TMUADIB01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-10-00 ADIRS CDU PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
System Selector
Keyboard
ON BAT Light
IR Lights
Mode Rotary Selector
ADR P/BSW
Data Selector
Data Display
Status Messages
Status Action Codes
Self Examination
TMUNAV101 LEVEL 1
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ADIRS CDU PRESENTATION

SYSTEM SELECTOR IR LIGHTS

In OFF position, the CDU display is not energized An amber FAULT light comes on, accompanied by ECAM
(Blank Display). activation when a fault affects the related Inertial
In position 1, 2 or 3 the corresponding system is Reference.
selected for data display. When flashing, attitude and heading may be recovered
in ATT mode.
KEYBOARD A white ALIGN light illuminates steady when the related
Inertial Reference is in the alignment phase.
The keyboard is used to enter in the selected system The ALIGN light goes off when alignment has been
the present position for alignment or Magnetic Heading completed.
if in ATTITUDE mode. ALIGN light flashes in case of:
N, S, E, W keys permit position entry. - An alignment error
H allows heading entry in attitude mode. - No Present Position entry within ten minutes
The green ENTER pushbutton light comes on when either of NAV mode selection.
the NORTH, SOUTH, WEST, EAST, or HEADING has been - Significant difference memorized position at
selected. When pressed the displayed data is entered shutdown and entered position.
into the Inertial Reference Systems.
The green CLEAR pushbutton light comes on when any key MODE ROTARY SELECTOR
has been pressed.
When pressed, the displayed data, not yet entered, is The mode rotary selector permits selection of three
cleared. modes for each Inertial Reference.
In OFF position, the ADIRU is not energized (ADR and
ON BAT LIGHT IR data not available).
NAVIGATION is the normal mode of operation providing
The amber ON BAT light comes on when one or more Air full inertial data to the aircraft systems.
Data Inertial Reference Unit are operating on aircraft ATTITUDE is a back-up mode, mainly providing attitude
TMUNAV101-T01 LEVEL 1

batteries. and heading information in case of loss of navigation


The ON BAT light comes on for five seconds during the capability.
power up test. ON BAT stays off in case of fast In ATT mode, the magnetic heading must be entered
realignment. through the CDU and has to be updated frequently.
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TMUNAV101-P01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

ADIRS CDU PRESENTATION - SYSTEM SELECTOR

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ADIRS CDU PRESENTATION

AIR DATA REFERENCE P/BSW

The output buses of each air data reference are


disconnected when its related pushbutton switch is set
to OFF position.
An amber FAULT light comes on accompanied by ECAM
activation when a fault is detected in the related Air
Data Reference.
TMUNAV101-T01 LEVEL 1
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ADIRS CDU PRESENTATION

DATA SELECTOR

The Data Selector permits the display of the selected


Inertial Reference data and status.
TMUNAV101-T02 LEVEL 1
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TMUNAV101-P02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

ADIRS CDU PRESENTATION - DATA SELECTOR

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TMUNAV101-P03 LEVEL 1
UF94200

ADIRS CDU PRESENTATION - DATA DISPLAY

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TMUNAV101-P04 LEVEL 1
UF94200

ADIRS CDU PRESENTATION - STATUS MESSAGES

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TMUNAV101-P05 LEVEL 1
UF94200

ADIRS CDU PRESENTATION - STATUS ACTION CODES

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SELF EXAMINATION

The inertial data, TK/GS, PPOS, WIND, HDG are


available on:
A - ATT only.
B - NAV only.
C - ATT or NAV.

When does the ALIGN light flash?


A - Within five minutes of NAV mode
selection, when present position has not
been entered.
B - During the alignment phase in case of
IRS alignment error.
C - When alignment has been completed.
TMUNAV101 LEVEL 1
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34 - NAVIGATION
34-10-00 ADIRS SWITCHING

CONTENTS:
General
Principle
Switching Example
TMUNAV201 LEVEL 3
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ADIRS SWITCHING

GENERAL Basically, ADIRU1 is associated with systems 1 and


the DDRMI, ADIRU2 with systems 2, ADIRU3 is in
The Air Data Inertial Reference System (ADIRS) is standby.
composed of three Air Data Inertial Reference Units If an Air Data Reference (ADR) or an Inertial
(ADIRUs) Reference (IR) fails, the AIR DATA or ATT HDG
selectors enable the crew to use ADR 3 or IR 3.
PRINCIPLE The manual switching is mainly performed to recover
displays.
Various instruments and systems receive data from The computers select their inputs according to the
the ADIRS for inertial and air data display: switching for consistency of computation and display.
- The Primary Flight Displays (PFDs),
- The Navigation Displays (NDs), NOTE: The ADIRU data sent to the ECAM System Display
- The ECAM System Display (SD) (E/SD) are Static Air Temperature (SAT) and Total
Air Temperature (TAT).
- The Digital Distance and Radio Magnetic
Indicator (DDRMI).
The ADIRS provides:
- Barometric altitude to the Air Traffic Control
(ATC) system for mode S.
- Data to the Flight Augmentation Computers
(FACs) for computation of various
characteristic speeds.
- Data to the Weather Radar (WR) system for
antenna attitude stabilization.
TMUNAV201-T01 LEVEL 3
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ADIRS SWITCHING

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ADIRS SWITCHING

SWITCHING EXAMPLE

Here is an example of ADIRS switching in order to see


the effects on the schematic.
TMUNAV201-T02 LEVEL 3
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ADIRS SWITCHING EXAMPLE

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-10-00 ADIRUS INTERCONNECTION

CONTENTS:
ADR to IR
ADR to ADR
ADR Switching
IR Switching
Switching Control
Self Examination
TMUADIE01 LEVEL 3
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ADIRUS INTERCONNECTION

ADR TO IR IR SWITCHING

The ADR transmits information used to compute IR data. When the Captain or First Officer IR fails, the
The ADR output buses are connected to the IR inputs attitude heading switch allows the crew to perform a
respectively called internal (INT) A and B. manual switching to IR3 to recover inertial data
Basically, each IR receives 3 ADR outputs, but uses display.
its own ADR output for IR data computation. When a manual switching is performed, the ADR
associated to the failed IR is automatically switched
ADR TO ADR to IR3 to maintain a computation/display homogeneity.

Each ADR receives air data computed by the two other If the associated ADR is not available, IR3 will work
ADRs to crosscheck its own data. with ADR3.
The 4 parameters checked are:
- static pressure, SWITCHING CONTROL
- total pressure,
- Angle Of Attack (AOA), Two discretes, AUTO and MANUAL, permit each IR to
select a valid input.
- Total Air Temperature (TAT).
AUTO is always grounded for IR1 and IR2.
The state of IR3 AUTO or MANUAL discrete depends on
ADR SWITCHING
the selector position.
As soon as an ADR fails, before manual switching, the
When the Captain or First Officer ADR fails, the AIR
air data display is lost but the associated IR
DATA switch allows the crew to perform a manual
automatically switches to ADR3 to ensure computation
switching to ADR3 to recover air data display.
continuity as the internal bus is invalid.
Note: The basic purpose of the AIR DATA/ATT HDG
switching is to recover data display.
TMUADIE01-T01 LEVEL 3
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ADIRUS INTERCONNECTION

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SELF EXAMINATION

What must be done in case of ADR1 failure?


A - Set AIR DATA switch to CAPT3 position.
B - Set ATT HDG switch to CAPT3 position.
C - Leave AIR DATA and ATT HDG switches on
NORM position.

What must be done in case of IR3 failure?


A - Set AIR DATA switch to F/O3 position.
B - Set ATT HDG switch to F/O3 position.
C - Leave ATT HDG switch in NORM position.

When AUTO discrete is grounded, where does the IR


receive air data from?
A - Input bus A.
B - Input bus B.
C - Internal bus, then from bus A, then from
bus B depending on bus validity.
TMUADIE01 LEVEL 3
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-12-00 ADIRS ALIGNMENT THROUGH MCDU

CONTENTS:
ADIRS Alignment Through MCDU
TMUADIS01 LEVEL 3
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ADIRS ALIGNMENT THROUGH MCDU

To perform the IRs alignment, select the FMGC then the 4. ALIGN IRS message has disappeared and IR alignment
INIT key. is now in progress (10 minutes).
1. To perform the three Inertial Reference alignments, ON ADIRS CDU, ALIGN annunciators will go off.
the NAV position on the ADIRS CDU must be selected, If ALIGN annunciators remain on or begin to flash
and then the aircraft Present Position (PPOS) has it means that the IR alignment phase is
to be entered. unsuccessful.
To send Present Position (PPOS) you can either enter
a Company Route (CO RTE) or the Latitude (LAT) and NOTE: If the INIT page A was left without having aligned
Longitude (LONG) or a FROM/TO. the IRs, an IR ALIGN message will be displayed
We will here perform a FROM/TO insertion. in the scratchpad.
For example LSGG/LGAT:
- Departure from GENOVA,
- Arrival at ATHENS.
Use the keyboard to enter the LSGG/LGAT in the
scratchpad and then the LS key 1R to valid it in
the FROM/TO field.
2. The route corresponding to the chosen FROM/TO is
displayed on the MCDU.
In our example only one company route is available,
insert it by using LS key 6R.
3. The return to the INIT page is automatic after route
insertion.
Now the FROM airport position is given on the LAT
and LONG line. The ALIGN IRS prompt is displayed.
As this airport position is preset, it can be
modified according to the real aircraft position,
this explains the arrows displayed on the LAT line,
TMUADIS01-T01 LEVEL 3

which indicate that the LAT can be changed using


the slew keys.
You can now initiate the 3 IRs alignment by pressing
3R key (ALIGN IRS). The present aircraft position
UF94200

will be automatically sent to the 3 IRs.

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-12-00 ADIRS ALIGNMENT THROUGH CDU

CONTENTS:
ADIRS Alignment Through CDU
TMUNA1001 LEVEL 3
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ADIRS ALIGNMENT THROUGH CDU

The aircraft is stationary on ground before take-off. NOTE: If the actual PPOS is different by more than
The three mode selectors are in the OFF position, the 1 degree in longitude and latitude from the
ADIRUs are not energized. previous one it must be keyed and entered twice.
1. When any mode selector is set to the NAV position, 4. The DATA selector is now set to the HDG position.
the amber ON BAT light comes on for five seconds The TTN (Time To Nav) indication gives the renaming
and goes off. time in minutes until completion alignment.
When the ON BAT light is off, the white ALIGN light The message IRS IN ALIGN appears on the MEMO page
comes on. of the ECAM DU.
True Heading (HDG) is displayed at TTN 5.
NOTE: ALIGN light flashes if the aircraft position has When the alignment is completed, TTN indication
not been entered 10 minutes after NAV mode disappears and all ALIGN lights go off. The 3 IRs
selection (using MCDU or ADIRS CDU). are now aligned.
The three selectors are in the NAV position, the IRs
are waiting for aircraft’s present position insertion.
2. When the SYS selector is in position 1, 2 or 3, the
window display is energized and the system selected
is ready for display.
DATA display selector must be set to PPOS in order
to enter the present position.
3. ADIRS CDU is now ready to accept the aircraft’s
present position (PPOS):
TOULOUSE - BLAGNAC: N43-37-8, E122.6
Present Position LATITUDE: N43-37-8
The keyed latitude is displayed on the left side
of the window display.
The PPOS Latitude is entered into the 3 IRs which
are in align mode whatever the system selected with
TMUNA1001-T01 LEVEL 3

the SYS selector.


Present Position LONGITUDE: E1-22-6
The keyed longitude is displayed on the right side
of the window display.
UF94200

The PPOS Longitude is entered into the 3 IRs, they


are ready to be aligned.

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ADIRS ALIGNMENT THROUGH CDU

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-12-00 ADIRS BACK-UP OPERATION (ATT


MODE)

CONTENTS:
ADIRS Back-Up Operation (ATT Mode)
TMUNA1101 LEVEL 3
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ADIRS BACK-UP OPERATION (ATT MODE)

The ATTITUDE mode (ATT) is a back-up mode providing 3. When the DATA selector is in the HDG and the SYS
only attitude and magnetic heading information, in selector is in position 2,the magnetic heading can
case of loss of navigation capability (temporary power be keyed and entered into IR2.
cut-off or BITE failures causing excessive data errors When the H key is selected the green ENT and CLR
in NAV mode). We will see here the case of an IR2 lights come on. HDG appears in the window display.
fault. The magnetic HDG which is 353.9° is typed on the
1. The single chime sounds, the MASTER CAUT comes on keyboard.
and the FAULT light on the ADIRS CDU flashes
indicating an IR2 fault (HDG flag on PFD and ND and NOTE: the magnetic heading is indicated on the
ATT on PFD). instruments.
NAV IR2 FAULT message appears followed by: 4. The ENT key is used to send the magnetic heading
- ATT HDG SWTG... F/O3, on the ECAM DU telling the to IR2, when done the ENT and CLR lights go off.
crew to switch to IR3 system. The IR2 is now in ATTITUDE mode and mainly sends
The IR2 fault is also confirmed by the following attitude and heading data.
status message on ADIRS CDU when system 2 and STS If the IR2 had to be used again, the crew should
are selected: take into account the gyro drift and update
- STS-SELECT ATT frequently the HDG reference.
2. When the ATT position is selected, the respective
IR is in ATTITUDE mode. The FAULT light goes off,
the ALIGN light comes on and then goes off (after
20 s).
ATT MOD on the ADIRS CDU window indicates that you
are in attitude mode (Pitch and Roll data again
displayed on the EFIS).
Note that the ATT mode must be engaged with aircraft
in level flight.
In ATT mode the crew can insert a magnetic heading.
TMUNA1101-T01 LEVEL 3

In order to perform the HEADING insertion, the DATA


selector must be set to the HDG position.
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ADIRS BACK-UP OPERATION (ATT MODE)

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-10-00 ADIRS INDICATIONS ON PFD

CONTENTS:
Attitude
Heading
Airspeed
Vertical Speed
Altitude
Self Examination
TMUADIH01 LEVEL 2
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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON PFD

ATTITUDE

The inertial attitude data is displayed by a sphere


in the middle of the Primary Flight Display (PFD).

1. PITCH SCALE
The aircraft pitch angle is given by the displacement
of the pitch attitude scale (white) through a display
window.
For pitch angles of more than 25° or than - 13°, the
guidance symbols and the Flight Mode Annunciator (FMA)
are removed.

2. ROLL SCALE
The fixed roll scale (white) comprises roll
graduations.
For roll angles of more than 45° the guidance symbols
and the Flight Mode Annunciator (FMA) are removed.

3. ROLL INDEX
The roll index (yellow) attached to the sphere moves
along the fixed roll scale and provides the roll data
(Aircraft bank angle).
TMUADIH01-T01 LEVEL 2
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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON PFD - ATTITUDE (SHEET 1/2)

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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON PFD

4. FLIGHT PATH VECTOR


The flight path vector (green) indicates the actual
aircraft inertial trajectory.
The flight path vector is used as a reference when the
Flight Director (FD) is engaged in TRACK/FLIGHT PATH
ANGLE mode (TRK/FPA).

5. DISCREPANCY
When an attitude discrepancy is detected between the
Captain display and the First Officer display, an amber
CHECK ATT message is displayed on both PFDs associated
with aural and visual ECAM cautions.
The attitude discrepancy threshold is 5°.
This discrepancy is detected by comparison of the 2 IRSs
in use within the Flight Warning Computer (FWC).

6. FAILURE
In case of attitude failure, the attitude sphere is
cleared and replaced by an attitude flag (ATT red).
The red ATT flag first flashes then remains steady.
The failure is detected by the associated Air Data
Inertial Reference Unit (ADIRU).
TMUADIH01-T02 LEVEL 2
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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON PFD - ATTITUDE (SHEET 2/2)

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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON PFD

HEADING 6. FAILURE
In case of heading failure, the graduations from the
The magnetic heading is displayed in the lower section two scales disappear and are replaced on the lower
of the Primary Flight Display (PFD) and with a white scale by the red HDG flag.
heading scale on the horizon line. The red HDG flag first flashes then remains steady.
The failure is detected by the associated ADIRU.
1. HEADING SCALES
Two moving heading scales (white) provide the crew
with heading data.

2. HEADING REFERENCE LINE


A fixed heading reference line (yellow) shows the
actual heading on the lower heading scale.

3. ACTUAL TRACK SYMBOL


The diamond shaped symbol (green) indicates the Actual
Track.

4. TRUE HEADING
TRU (white) indicates that true heading is displayed
instead of magnetic heading (automatically when
latitude above 73° north or below 60° south for polar
navigation).

5. DISCREPANCY
When a heading discrepancy is detected between the
Captain display and the First Officer display, an amber
TMUADIH01-T03 LEVEL 2

CHECK HDG message is displayed on both PFDs associated


with aural and visual ECAM cautions.
The heading discrepancy threshold is 5°.
This discrepancy is detected by a comparison of the 2 IRs
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in use within the Flight Warning Computers (FWC).

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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON PFD - HEADING

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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON PFD

AIRSPEED

The Computed Airspeed (CAS),given by the ADR, is


displayed on the left hand side of the PFD.

1. AIRSPEED SCALE
A moving airspeed scale (white) with graduations in
knots provides the crew with airspeed information.
Airspeed display starts/stops at 30 kts. Below 30 kts,
the CAS label is set to NCD (No Computed Data).
The speed scale is graduated from 30 to 520 kts.

2. AIRSPEED REFERENCE LINE


A fixed airspeed reference line (yellow) shows the
actual airspeed on the airspeed scale.
The MACH number (green) is displayed if above 0.5 M
and no ILS selection. It disappears at 0.45 M.

3. FAILURE
In case of airspeed failure, the airspeed scale is
replaced by the red SPD flag.
The red SPD flag first flashes then remains steady.
In case of mach failure, the mach number is replaced
by the red MACH flag.
TMUADIH01-T04 LEVEL 2
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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON PFD - AIRSPEED

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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON PFD

VERTICAL SPEED 5. DEGRADED DATA


When the inertial vertical speed is not available, the
The inertial Vertical Speed (V/S) is displayed on the baro vertical speed is automatically displayed.
right hand side of the Primary Flight Display. An amber box surrounds the numerical value.

1. V/S SCALE 6. FAILURE


A vertical speed scale (white) with graduations in In case of vertical speed failure, the scale is
feet per minute, provides the crew with vertical speed replaced by the red V/S flag.
information.

2. V/S POINTER
A pointer (green) provides the vertical speed in analog
form.
The pointer rotates around a point outside the V/S
scale.
Only the portion of the needle inside the scale is
displayed.

3. NUMERICAL VALUE
Above a V/S threshold, a numerical value (green) in
hundreds of feet per minute comes into view and follows
the pointer.

4. EXCESSIVE V/S
In case of excessive vertical speed, the digital and
analog indications become amber.
Excessive V/S when:
TMUADIH01-T05 LEVEL 2

- V/S > 6000 ft/mn or V/s < - 6000 ft/mn,


- V/S < - 2000 ft/mn when 1000 < RA Height < 2500 ft,
- V/S < - 1200 ft/mn below 1000 ft RA Height.
UF94200

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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON PFD - VERTICAL SPEED

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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON PFD

ALTITUDE 5. FAILURE
In case of altitude failure, the altitude scale is
The Altitude is displayed on the right hand side of replaced by the red ALT flag.
the Primary Flight Display. The red ALT flag first flashes then remains steady.
The failure is detected by the associated ADIRU.
1. ALTITUDE SCALE
A moving altitude scale (white) with graduations every
hundred feet provides the crew with altitude
information.

2. ALTITUDE INDICATION
The aircraft altitude is shown in a window (yellow)
by a counter for hundreds of feet and a drum for tens
and units.

3. BARO REFERENCE
The baro reference can be standard (STD), QNH or QFE
(optional)(white) according to the selection made on
the EFIS control panel.

4. DISCREPANCY
When an altitude discrepancy is detected between the
Captain display and the First Officer display, an amber
CHECK ALT message is displayed on both PFDs associated
with aural and visual ECAM cautions.
The Altitude discrepancy threshold is:
- 250 ft with baro selected (QNH or QFE),
TMUADIH01-T06 LEVEL 2

- 500 ft with STD selected.


This discrepancy is detected by comparison of the 2
ADRs in use within the Flight Warning Computers (FWC).
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SELF EXAMINATION

What is displayed if the inertial vertical speed is


not available?
A - A red V/S flag comes on.
B - A degraded V/S data provided by ADR.
C - Nothing.

What information is displayed on the airspeed scale?


A - CAS from ADR.
B - CAS from ADR mixed with inertial speed.
C - CAS from ADR, inertial speed if ADR
failure.

What happens if an altitude failure occurs?


A - The altitude scale goes out of view.
B - A red ALT flag is displayed.
C - A and B.
TMUADIH01 LEVEL 2
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-10-00 ADIRS INDICATIONS ON ND

CONTENTS:
ROSE Mode
ARC Mode
PLAN Mode
Self Examination
TMUADII01 LEVEL 2
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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON ND

ROSE MODE 5. FAILURE


When a heading failure is detected, a HDG red flag is
The ROSE mode provides a 360 degree sector (compass displayed.
rose) around the fixed aircraft symbol (yellow). The red HDG flag first flashes then remains steady.

1. SPEED
The speed information (green) is displayed in the left
upper corner.
The True Airspeed (TAS) is displayed for speeds higher
than 100 kts.

2. WIND
The wind information (green) is displayed in the left
upper corner showing force and direction.

3. HEADING
The magnetic heading is read on a full rotating dial,
on a fixed lubber line (yellow).
A TRU (white) message is displayed when in true heading
instead of magnetic heading in polar areas.
A diamond shaped symbol (green) indicates the aircraft
actual track.

4. DISCREPANCY
When a heading (HDG) discrepancy occurs between the
Captain and First Officer Navigation Displays (NDs),
an amber CHECK HDG message is displayed on both NDs
TMUADII01-T01 LEVEL 2

associated with aural and visual ECAM cautions.


The heading (HDG) discrepancy threshold is 5°.
This discrepancy is detected by comparison of the 2 IRS
in use within the Flight Warning Computer (FWC).
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TMUADII01-P01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

ADIRS INDICATIONS ON ND - ROSE MODE

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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON ND

ARC MODE 5. FAILURE


When a heading failure is detected, a red HDG flag is
The ARC mode provides a 90 degree sector ahead of the displayed.
fixed aircraft symbol. The red HDG flag first flashes then remains steady.

1. SPEED
The speed information (green) is displayed in the left
upper corner.
The True Airspeed (TAS) is displayed for speeds higher
than 100 kts.

2. WIND
The wind information (green) is displayed in the left
upper corner showing force and direction.

3. HEADING
The magnetic heading (white) is read on a partial
rotating dial, on a fixed lubber line.
A TRU (white) message is displayed when in true heading
instead of magnetic heading in polar areas.
A diamond shaped symbol (green) indicates the aircraft
actual track.

4. DISCREPANCY
When a heading (HDG) discrepancy occurs between the
Captain and First Officer Navigation Displays (NDs),
an amber CHECK HDG message is displayed on both NDs
TMUADII01-T02 LEVEL 2

associated with aural and visual ECAM cautions.


The Heading (HDG) discrepancy threshold is 5°.
This discrepancy is detected by comparison of the 2 IRs
in use within the Flight Warning Computer (FWC).
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TMUADII01-P02 LEVEL 2
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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON ND

PLAN MODE

The PLAN mode provides a map display centered


automatically on the active waypoint or any other
waypoint of the flight plan after pilot action on the
MCDU.

1. SPEED
The speed information (green) is displayed in the left
upper corner.
The True Airspeed (TAS) is displayed for speeds higher
than 100 kts.

2. WIND
The wind information (green) is displayed in the left
upper corner.

3. HEADING
The map displayed (white) is referenced to north up.
TMUADII01-T03 LEVEL 2
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TMUADII01-P03 LEVEL 2
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SELF EXAMINATION

A heading discrepancy between the NDs is detected


by?
A - FWCs.
B - DMCs.
C - ADIRS.

How is the drift angle indicated?


A - By a diamond shaped symbol rotating on
the heading dial.
B - By the difference between heading
reference and actual track symbol.
C - A or B, according to information
validity.
TMUADII01 LEVEL 2
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-10-00 ADIRS INDICATIONS ON ECAM


DISPLAY UNIT

CONTENTS:
Total Air Temperature/Static Air Temperature
Failure
Switching
Self Examination
TMUADIN01 LEVEL 2
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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON ECAM DISPLAY UNIT

TOTAL AIR TEMPERATURE/STATIC AIR TEMPERATURE

The Total Air Temperature (TAT) (Green) and Static Air


Temperature (SAT) (Green) are permanently displayed.
TAT range: - 60°C + 99°C,
SAT range: - 99°C + 80°C.

FAILURE

In case of failure or when no computed data information


is received, the data is replaced by amber crosses.

SWITCHING

Basically, ADR2 provides data.


ADR3 provides data when the AIR DATA switch is set to
First Officer 3 (F/O 3).
Back up data is provided by setting the AIR DATA switch
to the F/O 3 position.
TMUADIN01-T01 LEVEL 2
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TMUADIN01-P01 LEVEL 2
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ADIRS INDICATIONS ON ECAM DISPLAY UNIT

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SELF EXAMINATION

The TAT and SAT data is provided by?


A - ADR1 or ADR3.
B - ADR2 or ADR3.
C - ADR1 or ADR2.
TMUADIN01 LEVEL 2
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-10-00 ADIRS ECAM WARNINGS

CONTENTS:
General
ADR 1 or 2 Fault
ADR 3 Fault
IR 1 or 2 Fault
IR 3 Fault
Overspeed
Stall Warning
ATT Discrepancy
HDG Discrepancy
ALT Discrepancy
TMUADIR01 LEVEL 3
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ADIRS ECAM WARNINGS

GENERAL

The ADIRS warning messages are shown on the lower part


of the upper ECAM display unit.

IMPORTANT:
Although the ADIRS warnings are amber, they are
directly computed by the FWC from ADIRU data.
TMUADIR01-T01 LEVEL 3
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TMUADIR01-P01 LEVEL 3
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TMUADIR01-P02 LEVEL 3
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ADIRS ECAM WARNINGS - IR 1 OR 2 FAULT

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ADIRS ECAM WARNINGS - OVERSPEED

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-20-00 STANDBY INSTRUMENT COMPONENTS

CONTENTS:
Airspeed Indicator
Altimeter
Compass
Horizon Indicator
VOR/DME RMI
Metric Altimeter (Option)
VOR/ADF/DME RMI (Option)
ADF/RMI (Option)
TMUADIJ01 LEVEL 3
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STANDBY INSTRUMENT COMPONENTS

AIRSPEED INDICATOR ALTIMETER

IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 9FN FIN: 3FN

LOCATION: LOCATION:
ZONE: 211 ZONE: 211

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION COMPONENT DESCRIPTION


The standby Airspeed Indicator(ASI) contains a The standby altimeter is supplied with static pressure
capsule operated mechanism which measures the by the standby probes to indicate the barometric
pitot/static pressure differential from the standby altitude of the aircraft.
static probes and the standby pitot. An integral lighting with external 5VAC is provided
An integral lighting supplied with external 5VAC is to illuminate the instrument.
provided to illuminate the instrument.
TMUADIJ01-T01 LEVEL 3
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TMUADIJ01-P01 LEVEL 3
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STANDBY INSTRUMENT COMPONENTS - AIRSPEED INDICATOR - ALTIMETER

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STANDBY INSTRUMENT COMPONENTS

COMPASS

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 2FN

LOCATION:
ZONE: 211

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The magnetic compass, installed on the top of the
windshield center part, is an independent instrument
which provides the crew with the aircraft’s magnetic
heading.

NOTE: The calibration of the compass must be done after


the radio receivers are switched on.
TMUADIJ01-T02 LEVEL 3
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STANDBY INSTRUMENT COMPONENTS

HORIZON INDICATOR VOR/DME RMI

IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 7FN FIN: 11FN

LOCATION: LOCATION:
ZONE: 211 ZONE: 211

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION COMPONENT DESCRIPTION


The gyroscopic horizon, installed on the center The VOR/DME Radio Magnetic Indicator (VOR/DME RMI)
instrument panel, is an independent instrument which installed on the center instrument panel, uses digital
provides the crew with a constant indication of the ARINC 429 type inputs.
aircraft’s attitude. It receives parameters from ADIRUs, VORs and DMEs for
the display of:
- Magnetic or true heading,
- VOR bearings,
- DME distances.
TMUADIJ01-T03 LEVEL 3
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STANDBY INSTRUMENT COMPONENTS

METRIC ALTIMETER (OPTION) VOR/ADF/DME RMI (OPTION)

IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 15FN FIN: 21FN

LOCATION LOCATION:
ZONE: 211 ZONE: 211

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
The metric altimeter is supplied with static pressure The VOR/ADF/DME Radio Magnetic Indicator (VOR/ADF/DME
by the standby air data to indicate the barometric RMI) installed on the center instrument panel, uses
altitude of the aircraft in meters. digital ARINC 429 type inputs.
An integral lighting with external 5VAC is provided It receives parameters from ADIRUs, VORs, ADFs and
to illuminate the instrument. DMEs for the display of:
- Magnetic or true heading,
- VOR bearings,
- ADF bearings,
- DME distances.
TMUADIJ01-T04 LEVEL 3
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TMUADIJ01-P04 LEVEL 3
UF94200

STANDBY INSTRUMENT COMPONENTS - METRIC ALTIMETER AND VOR/ADF/DME RMI (OPTIONS)

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STANDBY INSTRUMENT COMPONENTS

ADF/RMI (OPTION)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 13FN

LOCATION:
ZONE: 211

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The ADF Radio Magnetic Indicator (ADF/RMI) installed
on the center instrument panel, uses digital ARINC 429
type inputs.
It receives parameters from ADIRUs and ADFs for the
display of:
- Magnetic or true heading,
- ADF bearings.
TMUADIJ01-T05 LEVEL 3
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-10-00 ADIRS COMPONENTS

CONTENTS:
Air Data Module
AOA Sensors
Static Probes
TAT Sensors
Pitot Probes
ADIRS CDU
ADIRUs
VMO/MMO Switch
TMUADIO03 LEVEL 3
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ADIRS COMPONENTS

AIR DATA MODULE AOA SENSORS

IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 19FP1, 19FP2, 19FP3, 19FP4 FIN: 3FP1, 3FP2, 3FP3
19FP5, 19FP6, 19FP7, 19FP8
LOCATION
LOCATION ZONE: 127, 128
ZONE: 121, 125, 126, 127, 128
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION The AOA sensor is of the windvane type.
The ADMs are near and above the level of the pitot and The sensing element is a small wing, positioned in the
static probes, this to permit the ADM pneumatic airflow direction, linked to a free turning shaft.
plumbing to be self draining (except stby static line).
TMUADIO03-T01 LEVEL 3
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ADIRS COMPONENTS - ADMs AND AOAS

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ADIRS COMPONENTS

STATIC PROBES TAT SENSORS

IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 7DA1, 7DA2, 7DA3 FIN: 11FP1, 11FP2
8DA1, 8DA2, 8DA3
LOCATION
LOCATION ZONE: 121, 122
ZONE: 121, 122, 127, 128
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION There are 2 sensing elements in each sensor.
The probes are protected from icing by a heater The TAT sensors are heated through the Probe Heating
circuit. Computer (PHC).
The heating element must not be energized on the
ground.

NOTE: The second sensing element on the TAT 2 sensor


is not used.
TMUADIO03-T02 LEVEL 3
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TMUADIO03-P02 LEVEL 3
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ADIRS COMPONENTS

PITOT PROBES ADIRS CDU

IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 9DA1, 9DA2, 9DA3 FIN: 2FP

LOCATION LOCATION
ZONE: 125, 126 ZONE: 211

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION COMPONENT DESCRIPTION


The probes are protected from icing by a heater The ADIRS CDU is located on overhead panel 20VU.
circuit. It contains 3 identical connectors, each connector is
linked to one ADIRU.
TMUADIO03-T03 LEVEL 3
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TMUADIO03-P03 LEVEL 3
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ADIRS COMPONENTS

ADIRUs VMO/MMO SWITCH

IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 1FP1, 1FP2, 1FP3 FIN: 22FP

LOCATION LOCATION
ZONE: 127, 128 ZONE: 128

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION COMPONENT DESCRIPTION


The ADIRU is contained in a 4 MCU case as defined in This switch is selected for particular flights with
ARINC 600. the landing gear down (Ferry flights for example).
The ADIRU contains an ADR and an IR portion supplied It allows the ADR to determine the normal or alternate
by a common power source. VMO/MMO law.
TMUADIO03-T04 LEVEL 3
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-36-00 MMR SYSTEM PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
General
ILS Principle
GPS Principle
Components
ILS Indicating
GPS Indicating
Self Examination
TMUMMRA01 LEVEL 1
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MMR SYSTEM PRESENTATION

GENERAL

The Multi Mode Receiver (MMR) system is a Navigation


Sensor with 2 internal receivers.
MMR = ILS + GPS

ILS PRINCIPLE

The function of the Instrument Landing System (ILS)


is to provide the crew and airborne system users with
signals transmitted by a ground station.
A descent axis is determined by the intersection of a
Localizer beam (LOC) and a Glide Slope beam (G/S)
created by this ground station at known frequencies.
The ILS allows measurement and display of angular
deviations and receives the Morse audio signal which
identifies the ILS ground station.
ILS operational frequency range:
- LOC: between 108.1 and 111.95 MHz,
- G/S: between 329.15 and 335 MHz.
TMUMMRA01-T01 LEVEL 1
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MMR SYSTEM PRESENTATION

GPS PRINCIPLE

The NAVigation System Time And Ranging Global


Positioning System ( NAV.S.T.A.R. GPS ) is a worldwide
navigation radio aid which uses satellite signals to
provide accurate navigation information.
The architecture of the system is composed of 3 parts
called segments:
- Spatial Segment
- Control Segment
- User Segment

SPATIAL SEGMENT
The spatial segment is composed of a constellation of
24 satellites.
These satellites are arranged in six separate orbital
planes of four satellites each on a circular orbit and
have the following characteristics:
- 55° inclination to the Equator,
- an altitude of approx 20200 km with an orbital
period of 12 sideral hours.
These satellites give:
- the satellite position (Ephemeris of the
constellation),
- the constellation data (Almanach).
- the atmospheric corrections.
TMUMMRA01-T02 LEVEL 1
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MMR SYSTEM PRESENTATION

GPS PRINCIPLE (Continued)

CONTROL SEGMENT
The control segment is composed of four monitor
stations and one master control station which track
the satellites, compute the ephemeris, clock
corrections and control the navigation parameters and
transmit them to the GPS users.
The four monitor stations are located at:
- KWAJALEIN
- HAWAII
- ASCENCION ISLAND
- DIEGO GARCIA
The master control station is located at:
- COLORADO SPRINGS.
TMUMMRA01-T03 LEVEL 1
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MMR SYSTEM PRESENTATION

GPS PRINCIPLE (Continued)

USER SEGMENT
The principle of GPS position computation is based on
the measurement of transmission time of the GPS signals
broadcast by at least 4 satellites.
This segment is constitued by the GPS receiver and
defined as follows:
- signal acquisition,
- distance calculation,
- navigation computation (Satellite choice,
positioning, propagation corrections),
- detection and isolation of failed satellites
(GPS PRIMARY).

NOTE: When GPS mode is active, no VOR/DME/ADF data is


used for navigation.
TMUMMRA01-T04 LEVEL 1
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MMR SYSTEM PRESENTATION

COMPONENTS

The components are two ILS antennas, 2 GPS antennas


and two MMR units.
The MMR system is also connected to:
- Primary Flight Display (PFD) and Navigation
Display (ND) for display.
- Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS)
control unit for display control.
- Flight Management and Guidance Computer (FMGC)
for ILS auto-tuning and GPS position.
- Multipurpose Control Display Units (MCDU) for
ILS manual tuning.
- Captain and First Officer Radio Management
Panels (RMP) for ILS back-up tuning.
- Audio Control Panels (ACP) for ILS audio
signal.
- Air Data and Inertial Reference Unit for
GPIR data.
TMUMMRA01-T05 LEVEL 1
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MMR SYSTEM PRESENTATION

ILS INDICATING

The ILS data appears on the PFD as soon as the ILS


pushbutton switch on the EFIS control panel has been
pressed in and on the ND when ROSE/ILS mode has been
selected.
ILS information is displayed in magenta.
The ILS1 information is displayed on PFD1 and ND2.
The ILS2 information is displayed on PFD2 and ND1.
TMUMMRA01-T06 LEVEL 1
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MMR SYSTEM PRESENTATION

GPS INDICATING

The GPS data is displayed on the MCDUs and on the NDs.


- GPS data on MCDU (GPS MONITOR page):
* GPS position (Lat, Long)
* True Track
* GPS altitude
* Figure of Merit
* Ground Speed
* Number of satellites tracked
* Mode.
- GPS message on ND:
* Availability of the GPS Primary navigation function.
TMUMMRA01-T07 LEVEL 1
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SELF EXAMINATION

The satellite orbital planes have an inclination of:


A - 60°.
B - 55° to the Equator.
C - 45° to the Equator.

The control segment is composed of:


A - 3 monitor stations.
B - 5 monitor stations.
C - 4 monitor stations and one master
control station.
TMUMMRA01 LEVEL 1
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-36-00 MMR DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

CONTENTS:
General
ILS Function
GPS Function
LGCIU
CFDIU
Users
Indicating
Self Examination
TMUMMRC01 LEVEL 3
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MMR DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

GENERAL ILS FUNCTION

The Multi Mode Receiver (MMR) system includes: AUTO TUNING


- 2 MMR units, In normal operation, each Flight Management and
- 1 Glide Slope (G/S) antenna, Guidance Computer (FMGC) automaticaLly tunes its
- 1 Localizer (LOC) antenna, ownside ILS part (Port A) of the MMR unit through its
ownside Radio Management Panel (RMP).
- 2 GPS antennas.
If an FMGC failure occurs, a discrete (A/B switching)
changes the tuning port (Port B) of the MMR unit, which
is directly connected to the opposite FMGC.

MANUAL TUNING
From each Multipurpose Control and Display Unit (MCDU)
both MMR units can be manually tuned through their
ownside FMGC.

NOTE: To return to the auto tuning mode, the manual


mode has to be cleared.

BACK-UP TUNING
In case of failure of both FMGCs, a back-up tuning is
provided by RMP 1 and 2.
Either RMP controls both MMR units, if STBY NAV mode
is activated on RMP 1 and 2 (RMP 3 not used for navaids
tuning).
In emergency electrical configuration RMP 1 only is supplied.
TMUMMRC01-T01 LEVEL 3

ANTENNAS
The Glide Slope (G/S) and Localizer (LOC) antennas are
common to both MMR units. Each antenna has two independent
connectors, for each MMR units.
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MMR DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

GPS FUNCTION ADIRU


To reduce initialization time, MMR unit 1 and 2 receive
GPS OPERATION position data (lat, long), time and date from the
The Global Positioning System (GPS) function is associated ADIRU.
achieved by a stand alone satellite navigation sensor
using the U.S GPS satellites constellation. In case of failure of ADIRU2 the primary source of
The GPS primary function is to track the RF signals ADIRU3 being GPS1, it is necessary to select the second
received from the satellites and compute its own input port of ADIRU3 (GPS2) by means of the ATT/HDG
position and output the GPS data to the 3 ADIRUs. switching to preserve the side 1/side 2 segregation.
Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) or - MMR1/ADIRU1/FMGC1,
Autonomous Integrity Monitored Extrapolation (AIME) - MMR2/ADIRU3/FMGC2.
provide integrity and availability of this data.
FMGC
The GPS provides three dimensional aircraft position, The IR portion of ADIRU1 or 2 provides FMGC1 or 2 with
velocities and exact time used for hybrid computations pure IR data, pure GPS data and hybrid GPIR data for
by the 3 ADIRUs. position fixing.
In case of failure of one GPS, the ADIRU automatically The FMGC position is a mix of the hybrid GPS/IRS
selects the only operative GPS to compute hybrid GPIR position and the mixed IR position.
data.
NOTE: As long as GPS/IRS mode is active, radio updating
ANTENNAS DME/DME or VOR/DME is not allowed.
The GPS antenna is an L-band active antenna, with an
integrated preamplifier and filter, providing an LGCIU
omnidirectional upper hemispheric coverage.
The GPS antenna operates at a frequency of 1575.42 Mhz Each Landing Gear Control Interface Unit (LGCIU) sends
called L1. a Ground/Flight discrete signal which is used by the
A second frequency of 1227.6 Mhz, called L2, is used receiver BITE module to count the flight legs in case
TMUMMRC01-T01 LEVEL 3

to estimate the propagation error of L1 and to suppress of CFDIU failure.


it.
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MMR DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

CFDIU INDICATING

The Centralized Fault Display Interface Unit (CFDIU) The ILS 1 data is sent, through the Display Management
enables tests and trouble shooting to be carried out Computers (DMCs), to the CAPT PFD and F/O ND and the
on the MMR system using the MCDU. ILS 2 data is sent to the F/O PFD and CAPT ND.
The test can be done only on ground. An audio signal is also processed by the MMR unit (ILS
part) and sent to the Audio Management Unit (AMU) so
USERS that it can be heard by the crew.
Pure GPS data is available for display only on the GPS
The MMR data is sent to the FMGCs for aircraft guidance MONITOR page of the MCDUs. Operational messages may
during take off, approach and landing phases. also be displayed on the NDs.
The MMR data is also sent to the ECAM for warnings.
The MMR 1 data is send to the Ground Proximity Warning
System (GPWS) for mode 5 computation (Descent below GS).

NOTE: A discrete signal sent by the FMGC inhibits any


frequency change in the MMR unit when LAND mode
is armed below 700 ft.
TMUMMRC01-T01 LEVEL 3
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SELF EXAMINATION

Which ILS receiver provides the Ground Proximity


Warning Computer with data?
A - ILS 2 receiver.
B - ILS 1 receiver.
C - ILS 1 and ILS 2 receivers.

Where is ILS 2 data displayed?


A - On Capt ND and F/O PFD.
B - On Capt PFD and F/O ND.
C - On F/O PFD and F/O ND.

The primary source of ADIRU3 is:


A - GPS2.
B - GPS1.
C - GPS1 and 2.

The IR portion of the ADIRU provides the FMGC with:


A - IR data, pure GPS data and hybrid GPIR
data.
B - VOR/DME data.
C - only GPS data.
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-36-00 MMR INDICATIONS ON PFD

CONTENTS:
ILS Pushbutton
ILS Characteristics
Vertical Deviation
Lateral Deviation
Flags
Self Examination
TMUMMRE01 LEVEL 2
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MMR INDICATIONS ON PFD

ILS PUSHBUTTON

The ILS data is displayed on the PFD if the ILS


pushbutton is switched on the Electronic Flight
Instrument System (EFIS) control panel.

ILS CHARACTERISTICS

The ILS characteristics are displayed in magenta in


the bottom left corner of the PFD.
The ILS identification is displayed after decoding by
the ILS receiver.
An amber ILS message flashes when APPR mode has been
armed and ILS display not selected.
TMUMMRE01-T01 LEVEL 2
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MMR INDICATIONS ON PFD

VERTICAL DEVIATION

The vertical deviation index (magenta) is associated


with the Glide/Slope (G/S) beam reception.
The vertical scale and the vertical index flash when
the deviation is excessive.
When the deviation is out of range, the vertical index
is against one stop and only its outer half remains
in view.

LATERAL DEVIATION

The lateral deviation index (magenta) is associated


with the Localizer (LOC) beam reception.
The lateral scale and the lateral index flash when the
deviation is excessive.
When the deviation is out of range, the lateral index
is against one stop and only its outer half remains
in view.
The ILS course is represented by a magenta course
pointer on the heading scale.
TMUMMRE01-T02 LEVEL 2
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MMR INDICATIONS ON PFD

FLAGS

In case of failure, a corresponding flag is shown in


red:
- if a LOC or G/S receiver fails, a red LOC or
G/S flag appears on the corresponding deviation
scale.
- if both LOC and G/S signals have failed, an
ILS 1 (or 2) flag is also displayed.
TMUMMRE01-T03 LEVEL 2
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SELF EXAMINATION

When do the G/S and LOC scales appear on the PFD?


A - When the ILS pushbutton is selected.
B - When G/S and LOC beams are received.
C - A and B.

When does the lateral deviation scale flash?


A - When the LOCALIZER receiver is faulty.
B - When the deviation is excessive.
C - When the aircraft is out of range.

When does the red ILS flag appear?


A - When both LOC and G/S signals have
failed.
B - When ILS frequency is not available.
C - When the ILS is not selected on the FCU.
TMUMMRE01 LEVEL 2
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-36-00 MMR INDICATIONS ON ND

CONTENTS:
ILS Data
GPS Data
Self Examination
TMUMMRG01 LEVEL 2
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MMR INDICATIONS ON ND

ILS DATA

DATA DISPLAY
All the indications are displayed in ROSE-ILS mode.
Only the ILS course pointer (magenta) is displayed in
ROSE-NAV or ARC mode if the ILS pushbutton is selected
on EFIS control panel.

ILS CHARACTERISTICS
In ROSE-ILS mode, the ILS characteristics are displayed
in magenta, in the top right corner of the ND.
The ILS identification is displayed after decoding by
the ILS receiver.
The ILS information is crossed over on the NDs (ILS 1
on ND 2; ILS 2 on ND 1).
A green ILS APP message appears on the top middle of
the ND when an ILS approach has been selected on the
MCDU.
TMUMMRG01-T01 LEVEL 2
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MMR INDICATIONS ON ND

ILS DATA

VERTICAL DEVIATION
The vertical deviation index (magenta) is associated
with the Glide/Slope (G/S) beam reception.
The vertical scale (white) and the vertical index (G/S)
flash when the deviation is excessive.
When the deviation is out of range, the vertical index
is against one stop and only its outer half remains
in view.

LATERAL DEVIATION
The lateral deviation bar (magenta) is associated with
the Localizer (LOC) beam reception.
The lateral scale (white) and the lateral bar (LOC)
flash if the deviation is excessive.
The lateral bar, corresponding to the center part of
the ILS course pointer (magenta), can move on the
deviation scale and gives the Localizer deviation.
TMUMMRG01-T02 LEVEL 2
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MMR INDICATIONS ON ND

ILS DATA

FLAGS
In ROSE-ILS mode, if a failure occurs, a corresponding
flag is displayed in red.
In case of ILS failure, the ILS course pointer becomes
red and points to 12 o’clock and the lateral bar is
removed.
TMUMMRG01-T03 LEVEL 2
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MMR INDICATIONS ON ND

GPS DATA

GPS data indications are displayed in all ND modes.


A green GPS APP message appears on the top middle of
the ND when a GPS approach has been selected in the
MCDU.
When, for any reason, the GPS primary navigation is
lost, the navigation function is degraded and reverts
to traditional navigation function (IRS, Radio Nav
...). An amber GPS PRIMARY LOST message is also
displayed at the bottom of the ND. In turn when the
GPS is used by the FMGC for navigation, the GPS PRIMARY
message is displayed in white at the bottom of the ND.
TMUMMRG01-T04 LEVEL 2
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SELF EXAMINATION

What is displayed in ROSE-NAV mode when the ILS


pushbutton is selected on the EFIS control panel?
A - An ILS course pointer.
B - A lateral deviation bar.
C - A and B.

How is the excessive deviation displayed on


vertical scale?
A - The Glide/Slope index disappears.
B - A red "G/S" symbol appears in the middle
of the scale.
C - The Glide/Slope index and the scale
flash permanently.
TMUMMRG01 LEVEL 2
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-36-00 MMR COMPONENTS

CONTENTS:
MMR Unit
Glide/Slope Antenna
Localizer Antenna
GPS Antenna
TMUMMRJ01 LEVEL 3
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MMR COMPONENTS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Before working on the ILS antennas, put a warning


notice in the cockpit, on the pedestal, to tell persons
not to operate the radar system.

MMR UNIT

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 40RT1, 40RT2

LOCATION
ZONE: 120

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The front face of the MMR unit is fitted with four
LEDs and a TEST pushbutton.
When the TEST pushbutton is pressed in, the functional
test starts, the 4 LEDS come on.
If the test is OK, the green TEST OK LED comes on, the
other LEDs should go off when the TEST pushbutton is
released.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 connector.
TMUMMRJ01-T01 LEVEL 3
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MMR COMPONENTS - MMR UNIT

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MMR COMPONENTS

GLIDE/SLOPE ANTENNA LOCALIZER ANTENNA

IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 4RT FIN: 3RT

LOCATION LOCATION
ZONE: 110 ZONE: 110

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION COMPONENT DESCRIPTION


The Glide/Slope (G/S) antenna is a folded half loop The Localizer (LOC) antenna is a folded half loop type
type driven by capacitance coupling. driven by capacitance coupling.
The G/S antenna is horizontally polarized and has an The LOC antenna is horizontally polarized and has an
impedance of 50 ohms. impedance of 50 ohms.
The antenna has two independent RF connectors used to The antenna has two independent RF connectors used to
feed two independent ILS receivers. feed two independent ILS receivers.
TMUMMRJ01-T02 LEVEL 3
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MMR COMPONENTS - GLIDE/SLOPE AND LOCALIZER ANTENNAS

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GPS ANTENNA

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 43RT1, 43RT2

LOCATION
ZONE: 210

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The GPS antenna is an active antenna with an integrated
preamplifier and filter and has a right hand circular
polarized and omnidirectional radiation pattern.
A 50 ohm impedance coaxial cable connects the antenna
to the MMR.
The power supply of the preamplifier is provided by
the MMR unit.
TMUMMRJ01-T02 LEVEL 3
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MMR COMPONENTS - GPS ANTENNA

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-41-00 WR/PWS SYSTEM PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
General
Weather Radar (WR) Principle
Predictive Windshear (PWS) Principle (Option)
Components
WR Indicating
PWS Indicating (Option)
Self Examination
TMUWPWA02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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WR/PWS SYSTEM PRESENTATION

GENERAL

The Airborne Weather Radar and Predictive Windshear


System (WR/PWS) detects and localizes atmospheric
disturbances and windshear events in the area scanned
by the antenna.

Note: The PWS (Predictive Windshear System) function


is optional.

WEATHER RADAR (WR) PRINCIPLE

The WR helps the pilots to avoid these areas and the


associated turbulences by determining their range and
bearing.
It can also be used for ground mapping.
The radar emits microwave pulses through a directive
antenna which picks up the return signals.
The distance is determined by the time taken for the
echo to return.
The azimuth is given by the antenna position when the
echo is received.
TMUWPWA02-T01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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WR/PWS SYSTEM PRESENTATION - WEATHER RADAR (WR) PRINCIPLE

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WR/PWS SYSTEM PRESENTATION

PREDICTIVE WINDSHEAR (PWS) PRINCIPLE (OPTION)

A windshear event is a sudden change of wind speed


and/or direction over a small distance due to downwards
and/or upwards movement of the air.
The most critical moment for the aircraft is near the
ground level during the approach or in take-off.
TMUWPWA02-T02 LEVEL 1
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WR/PWS SYSTEM PRESENTATION - PREDICTIVE WINDSHEAR (PWS) PRINCIPLE

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WR/PWS SYSTEM PRESENTATION

COMPONENTS

The main components are an antenna, a wave guide, a


transceiver and a control unit.
The WR/PWS system is also connected to the Navigation
Displays (NDs) via the DMCs for display.

Note: The control panels shown here after are given


as examples. They may differ according to your
aircraft configuration.
TMUWPWA02-T03 LEVEL 1
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WR/PWS SYSTEM PRESENTATION - COMPONENTS

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WR/PWS SYSTEM PRESENTATION

WR INDICATING

The Weather Radar image is shown on the Captain and


First Officer Navigation Displays.
Radar image and radar information status (TILT, GAIN,
failure) are displayed in the different EFIS modes
(ARC and ROSE) except in PLAN mode.

PWS INDICATING (OPTION)

The Predictive Windshear indications are shown on the


Captain and F/O PFDs and NDs.
The windshear phenomenon is indicated by an icon
superimposed on the radar image in the different EFIS
modes (ARC and ROSE) except in PLAN mode.
TMUWPWA02-T04 LEVEL 1
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WR/PWS SYSTEM PRESENTATION - WR AND PWS INDICATING

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SELF EXAMINATION

Windshear indications are shown:


A - Only on the NDs.
B - On the PFDs and the NDs.
C - On the Upper ECAM DU.
TMUWPWA02 LEVEL 1
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-41-00 WR/PWS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

CONTENTS:
General
System Description
System Interfaces
Indicating
Self Examination
TMUWPWC01 LEVEL 3
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WR/PWS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

GENERAL Horizontal and vertical wind velocity, gravity and


aircraft true airspeed are the different windshear
The Weather Radar and Predictive Windshear System components for the determination of the windshear
(WR/PWS) is composed of: threshold.
- 1 control unit,
- 1 transceiver (WR/PWS), ANTENNA
- 1 antenna, The Weather Radar antenna is energized and controlled
in azimuth and elevation by the transceiver.
- 1 wave guide.
The radio frequency signals are exchanged between the
transceiver and the antenna, via a wave guide.
Note: The PWS function is optional.
The antenna scans a 180° sector in azimuth and has a
tilt coverage of + or - 15°.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
An internal circuit of the transceiver ensures antenna
stabilization.
CONTROL UNIT
The stabilization data is: pitch and roll angles,
The Control Unit provides modes of operation, antenna
selected tilt, antenna azimuth and elevation angle.
tilt and gain of the receiver digitized information,
via an ARINC 429 bus.
An ON/OFF discrete ensures the energization of the
transceiver which in turn supplies the control unit
and the antenna.
Two other discrete signals enable:
- the windshear function (through AUTO/OFF
switch)
- BITE management, sent to the CFDIU.

TRANSCEIVER
TMUWPWC01-T01 LEVEL 3

The Weather Radar uses the principle of radio echoing


to detect the level of precipitation, the ground map,
and the principle of Doppler effect to detect the
turbulence areas.
The transmitter operates in X-Band frequency at 9345
UF94200

MHz.
The PWS function also uses the principle of Doppler
effect to detect windshear events.

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UF94200

WR/PWS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION - GENERAL - SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

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WR/PWS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

SYSTEM INTERFACES QUALIFIERS A AND B SIGNALS


Two types of qualifier inputs are required to prevent
ADIRUs automatic activation of the windshear function.
The WR receives, from Air Data and Inertial Reference - Qualifier A: 2 qualifiers are used (QA1 and QA2).
Units (ADIRUs) one and three, pitch and roll data, for Provided by the ATC/TCAS control unit, which
the stabilization and control of the antenna, and indicates the position of the AUTO/ON/STBY switch.
ground speed for Doppler mode correction. Qualifier A is valid when AUTO or ON is selected.
The ADIRU, which provides data, is selected by means - Qualifier B: 2 qualifiers are used (QB1 and QB2).
Provided by EIU 1 and 2, which indicates a normal
of the ATT/HDG selector switch.
engine oil pressure.
The PWS function receives data from ADIRU 1 and 3 for
Qualifier B is valid when the engine is running
velocity calculations: (high oil pressure).
- TAS, Altitude (or corrected altitude), EW and The Windshear function is automatically activated
NS velocity GS, TRK angle, TRUE HDG and MAG below 2300ft RA and at least one of the two qualifier
HDG. inputs, of both qualifiers A and B, has to be valid.

LGCIU RA
The Landing Gear Control Interface Unit (LGCIU) sends The Radio Altimeter provides altitude information
Flight/Ground information to the transceiver. through an ARINC 429 bus.
This discrete signal is used by the receiver BITE This data is used for automatic activation of the
module to count the flight legs. windshear function.
In windshear condition, a landing gear extended signal
is used in order to determine the transition from the AUDIO INHIBIT SIGNALS
landing mode to the take-off mode. These discretes are used to indicate whether the aural
alert output has to be active or not.
CFDIU - predictive windshear aural alerts (discrete
The Multipurpose Control and Display Units (MCDUs) input) inhibited by stall warning,
allow the system to be tested via the Centralized Fault
TMUWPWC01-T02 LEVEL 3

- predictive windshear discrete output is used


Display Interface Unit (CFDIU).
to inhibit aural alerts generated by TCAS or
The test is only available on ground.
GPWS or other FWC warnings.
During the test, the antenna carries out an elevation
and an azimuth scanning sequence.
AUDIO MIXING BOX
UF94200

An analog audio output allows the transmission of the


aural alert windshear to an audio mixing box connected
to loudspeakers.

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UF94200

WR/PWS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION - SYSTEM INTERFACES

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WR/PWS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

SYSTEM INTERFACES (Cont’d) INDICATING

EGPWS The Weather Radar transceiver is connected to the DMCs


The Enhanced GPWS receives Predictive Windshear alerts by means of two ARINC 453 buses.
from the radar hazard bus to determine the priorities. Each data cable is terminated at one end by a low
Alert Priorities: inductance resistor (68 ohms) to avoid a signal return.
- WR/PWS warning, The Weather Radar image is shown on the CAPT and F/O
- WR/PWS caution, NDs when ROSE or ARC mode is selected on the EFIS
- GPWS Terrain warning, control panel.
The Windshear events are shown on the CAPT and F/O NDs
- GPWS Terrain caution.
and all visual alerts on the CAPT and F/O PFDs.

NOTE: When both EFIS control panels are in PLAN mode,


the WR/PWS transceiver is de-energized.
TMUWPWC01-T03 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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UF94200

WR/PWS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION - INDICATING

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SELF EXAMINATION

Which component controls antenna stabilization?


A - ADIRU.
B - Transceiver.
C - Antenna.

Which data is used for antenna stabilization?


A - Pitch and roll.
B - Selected tilt angle, antenna azimuth
angle and elevation angle.
C - A and B.

When is the Windshear function automatically


activated?
A - Below 2300ft and one of the two
qualifier inputs, of both qualifiers A
and B, is valid.
B - Always when a windshear event is
encountered.
C - When the AUTO/ON/STBY selector on the
ATC/TCAS Control Unit is in STBY
position.

The Predictive Windshear discrete output is used to:


A - Inhibit the windshear function.
B - Inhibit aural alerts generated by TCAS
or GPWS or other FWC warnings.
C - Transmit the aural alert to the Audio
Mixing Box.
TMUWPWC01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-41-00 WR/PWS CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS

CONTENTS:
Control Panel
Control Panel With Split Function (Option)
WR Failure Messages
PWS Indications (Option)
PWS Alert Levels (Option)
Self Examination
TMUWPWE02 LEVEL 2
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WR/PWS CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS

CONTROL PANEL 2 - WX/TURB position


This mode corresponds to operation in weather and
OFF/SYS/ON SYSTEM SWITCH turbulence detection.
When the system switch is set to ON, the Weather Radar The turbulence detection is limited to the first 40 NM
system is energized and operates if at least one ND from the A/C, beyond, the turbulence is displayed in
is set to ROSE or ARC mode. the conventional colors as in WX mode.
The turbulence areas are displayed in magenta on the
NOTE: The operative radar transceiver is de-energized NDs (P > 5 mm/s).
when both EFIS selectors are in PLAN mode.
3 - MAP position
GAIN KNOB The MAP mode is useful for back-up navigation, to
The GAIN Knob permits receiver sensitivity adjustment display mountains, cities, coast lines or land/water
in the different modes. boundaries.
In AUTO position, the optimum setting is automatically The colors on the NDs depend on the ground map:
adjusted. - Mountains and cities: Amber.
Clockwise rotation of the GAIN knob (manual gain - Ground: Green.
setting) adjusts the sensitivity to the MAX position. - Calm water: Black.
When not in AUTO mode, MAN is displayed in green in
the right lower corner on the NDs except in case of NOTE: A manual gain control is recommended when in MAP
failure or system TEST. mode.

MODE SELECTOR

1 - WX Position
When the mode selector is in the WX position, the radar
is in normal mode of operation and the colors on the
NDs depend on the intensity of the precipitation.
TMUWPWE02-T01 LEVEL 2

Precipitation rate and related color echoes


(P: precipitation rate):
- P < 1 mm/h: Black.
- 1 < P < 4 mm/h: Green.
UF94200

- 4 < P < 12 mm/h: Yellow.


- P > 12 mm/h: Red.

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UF94200

WR/PWS CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS - CONTROL PANEL

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WR/PWS CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS

CONTROL PANEL (CONT’D)

TILT KNOB
The TILT knob allows manual control of the antenna
elevation. The antenna elevation angle can be adjusted
in 1/4 degree steps within a range of - 15° up to +
15°.

NOTE: TILT information is displayed in cyan in the


right lower corner of the NDs except in case of
failure or system TEST.

NOTE: During a windshear detection event, the TILT


antenna is automatically controlled. However,
the TILT displayed on the NDs corresponds to the
control panel setting.

WINDSHEAR SWITCH (OPTION)


The WINDSHEAR AUTO/OFF switch enables the
activation/deactivation of the predictive windshear
function.
When in AUTO position the predictive windshear
detection is automatically activated below 2500ft
whatever the OFF/SYS/ON system switch position.
The predictive windshear function detection can
operate either with weather radar modes activated or
independently.
TMUWPWE02-T02 LEVEL 2

A dedicated windshear icon is superimposed on the radar


image, displayed on the NDs, when the phenomena is
detected.
UF94200

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UF94200

WR/PWS CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS - CONTROL PANEL

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WR/PWS CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS

CONTROL PANEL WITH SPLIT FUNCTION (OPTION) TILT KNOBS


Two TILT knobs are available. The left one is dedicated
1/OFF/2 SYSTEM SWITCH to the CAPT and the right one to the F/O.
This three stable position switch enables the The TILT knobs allow manual control of the antenna
activation of the transceiver 1 or 2 (if installed). elevation.
When the switch is set to 1 or 2, the selected weather The antenna elevation angle can be adjusted in 1/4 degree
radar system is energized and operates if at least one steps within a range of - 15° up to + 15°.
ND is set to ROSE or ARC mode.
NOTE: TILT information is displayed in cyan in the
MODE SELECTORS right lower corner of the NDs except in case of
Two mode selector switches are available. The left one failure or system TEST.
is dedicated to the CAPT and the right one to the F/O.
NOTE: During a windshear detection event, the TILT
1 - WX Position: antenna is automatically controlled. However,
When the mode selector is in the WX position, the radar the TILTs displayed on the NDs correspond to the
is in normal mode of operation and the colors on the control panel settings.
NDs depend on the intensity of the precipitation.
Precipitation rate and related color echoes
(P: precipitation rate):
- P < 1 mm/h: Black.
- 1 < P < 4 mm/h: Green.
- 4 < P < 12 mm/h: Yellow.
- P > 12 mm/h: Red.

2 - WX/TURB position:
This mode corresponds to operation in weather and
TMUWPWE02-T03 LEVEL 2

turbulence detection.
The turbulence detection is limited to the first 40 NM
from the A/C, beyond, the turbulence is displayed in
the conventional colors as in WX mode.
The turbulence areas are displayed in magenta on the
UF94200

NDs (P > 5 mm/s).

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UF94200

WR/PWS CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS - CONTROL PANEL WITH SPLIT FUNCTION

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WR/PWS CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS

CONTROL PANEL WITH SPLIT FUNCTION (OPTION) (CONT’D)


A dedicated windshear icon is superimposed on the radar
CAPT/BOTH/FO SWITCH (OPTION) image, displayed on the NDs, when the phenomena is
1 - BOTH POSITION: detected.
The CAPT and the F/O can operate separately the control
panels using their associated controls. Thus, two
different weather radar images, with different
settings, can be displayed on the CAPT and F/O NDs.
Each scan of the weather radar alternately refreshes
the CAPT and the F/O displays.
2 - CAPT Position:
The weather radar image with the CAPT setting is
displayed on both NDs.
3 - F/O Position:
The weather radar image with the F/O setting is
displayed on both NDs.

NOTE: Below 2500ft the switch must be set to CAPT or


F/O position in order to keep an appropriate
refresh rate of the radar image in case of
windshear event detection.

WINDSHEAR SWITCH (OPTION)


The WINDSHEAR AUTO/OFF switch enables the
activation/deactivation of the predictive windshear
function.
When in AUTO position the predictive windshear
TMUWPWE02-T04 LEVEL 2

detection is automatically activated below 2500 ft


whatever the 1/OFF/2 system switch position.
The predictive windshear function detection can
operate either with weather radar modes activated or
UF94200

independently.

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UF94200

WR/PWS CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS - CONTROL PANEL WITH SPLIT FUNCTION

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WR/PWS CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS

WR FAILURE MESSAGES

Two types of failures are likely to affect the radar


system:
- Failures which result in a loss of radar image,
displayed in red (loss of a radar system
component).
- Failures which affect the radar image,
displayed in amber (loss of a function).

EXAMPLE: Transceiver failure red message: WXR T/R


(Red) appears in the right lower corner of
the ND.
TMUWPWE02-T05 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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WR/PWS CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS

PWS INDICATIONS (OPTION)

The windshear information is presented on the NDs only


in the 10NM range.
If not in this range and a windshear alert is generated,
the message:
- W/S: SET RNG 10 NM is shown on the NDs.

When a windshear fault occurs, the radar image remains


available if the fault does not affect the radar modes
or detection function.
When a fault is detected amber PRED W/S message appears
on the NDs if:
- A/C on ground or flap/slat lever not in 0
position.
- WINDSHEAR AUTO/OFF switch on W/R control
panel in AUTO position.
TMUWPWE02-T06 LEVEL 2
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WR/PWS CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS

PWS ALERT LEVELS (OPTION)

There are three alert levels defined in function of


event seriousness and distance from the aircraft.
Visual and aural warnings are provided in function of
the level detected.

- LEVEL 3: between 50ft and 1200ft (Warning Alert)


* Aural warning message: GO AROUND WINDSHEAR
AHEAD (Approach), WINDSHEAR AHEAD WINDSHEAR
AHEAD (Take-Off)
* Visual warning: red W/S AHEAD message on PFD.
- LEVEL 2: between 50ft and 1200ft (Caution Alert)
* Aural warning message: MONITOR RADAR DISPLAY
* Visual warning: amber W/S AHEAD message on
PFD.
- LEVEL 1: No windshear advisory above 1500ft.
No aural or visual warnings only the windshear icon
superimposed on the radar image.
TMUWPWE02-T07 LEVEL 2
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SELF EXAMINATION

In which mode is the manual gain adjustment


recommended?
A - In any mode.
B - In MAP mode.
C - In WX/TURB mode.

Can a radar image be displayed in PLAN mode?


A - Yes.
B - No.

Does an amber warning mean the loss of radar image?


A - Yes.
B - No.

When the radar system switch is in OFF position?


A - The predictive windshear function is not
activated.
B - The predictive windshear function is
active until the WINDSHEAR/AUTO/OFF is
in the AUTO position.
B - The predictive windshear function is
always available.
TMUWPWE02 LEVEL 2
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-41-00 WR/PWS OPERATIONAL PRECAUTIONS

CONTENTS:
Special Precautions
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WR/PWS OPERATIONAL PRECAUTIONS

TRAINING INFORMATION POINT

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS
Some special precautions must be taken before using
the weather radar system on the ground in MAP, WX or
WINDSHEAR mode.

- The dangerous zone forward of the aircraft must be


free of metallic obstacles such as hangars or aircraft,
within 5 meters in an arc of + or - 90º on either side
of the aircraft centerline.

- Make sure that nobody is within a distance of 1.5


meters from the antenna, in an arc of + or - 135º on
either side of the aircraft centerline.

- The system must not be operated during the refueling


of the aircraft or during any refueling operation
within 100 meters.

NOTE: Although the power radiated by the system is


low, the above written safety precautions should
be observed for obvious routine reasons
(behaviour with respect to other types of radar
systems).
To avoid radiating danger, and nuisance aural
alerts the WINDSHEAR AUTO/OFF selector switch
TMUWPWG01-T01 LEVEL 2

must be selected OFF independently of the radar


selector switch.
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-41-00 WR/PWS COMPONENTS

CONTENTS:
WR/PWS Transceiver
WR/PWS Mounting Tray
WR/PWS Antenna
WR/PWS Control Unit
TMUWPWJ01 LEVEL 3
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WR/PWS COMPONENTS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WR/PWS MOUNTING TRAY

Move the radar antenna assembly carefully to prevent IDENTIFICATION


injury to persons and damage to equipment (approximate FIN: 9SQ
weight: 15kg (33lb)).
LOCATION
Note: The PWS function is optional. ZONE: 121

WR/PWS TRANSCEIVER COMPONENT DESCRIPTION


The WR transceiver is cooled by the avionics
IDENTIFICATION ventilation system. The wave guide switch ensures
FIN: 1SQ1 switching of the RF signal from the antenna to the
transceiver in the case of dual weather radar
LOCATION installation.
ZONE: 121

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The face of the transceiver is fitted with a TEST
pushbutton and a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) on the
front of the transceiver.
The back is equipped with an ARINC 600 size connector
including the wave guide insert.
When the TEST pushbutton is pressed, a test sequence
is started, RADAR OK and INPUT OK appear at the end
when no faults have been detected.
TMUWPWJ01-T01 LEVEL 3
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WR/PWS COMPONENTS

WR/PWS ANTENNA

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 7SQ (Antenna Drive)
FIN: 11SQ (Antenna Plate)

LOCATION
ZONE: 110

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The antenna movements are ensured by 2DC motors and
the angular positions are copied by synchros.
Two switches for Azimuth (AZ) and Elevation (EL) are
installed on the antenna drive.
They are normally mechanically locked in the ON
position.
When in OFF position, the command of the corresponding
motor is cancelled.

NOTE: A position indicator for the elevation axis (+ or


-45°) is used to check the antenna drive
calibration with AZ switch in OFF position.
TMUWPWJ01-T02 LEVEL 3
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WR/PWS COMPONENTS

WR/PWS CONTROL UNIT

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 3SQ

LOCATION
ZONE: 210

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The gain and tilt data are digitized by an 8 bit analog
to digital converter.
Moreover, the different positions of the mode selector
switch and the data, from the potentiometer, are
formatted to ARINC 429 words.
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-42-00 RADIO ALTIMETER SYSTEM


PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
Principle
Components
Indicating
TMURADG01 LEVEL 1
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RADIO ALTIMETER SYSTEM PRESENTATION

PRINCIPLE

The Radio Altimeter (RA) System determines the height


of the aircraft above the terrain during initial climb,
approach and landing phases.
The RA can therefore operate over non-flat ground
surface.
The principle of the radio altimeter is to transmit a
frequency modulated signal, from the aircraft to the
ground, and to receive the ground reflected signal
after a certain delay.
The time between the transmission and the reception
of the RA signal is proportional to the A/C height.
TMURADG01-T01 LEVEL 1
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RADIO ALTIMETER SYSTEM PRESENTATION

COMPONENTS

The components are two transceivers, two fans, two


transmission antennae and two reception antennae.
The RA system is also connected to the DMCs for display
on the Primary Flight Displays (PFDs).
TMURADG01-T02 LEVEL 1
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RADIO ALTIMETER SYSTEM PRESENTATION

INDICATING

The aircraft height data is displayed on the Primary


Flight Displays for heights less than or equal to 2500
ft.
The altitude is also shown by means of:
- A ground line rising on to the pitch down area
(Below 300 ft).
- A red ribbon next to the altitude scale
(Below 500 ft).
TMURADG01-T03 LEVEL 1
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-42-00 RADIO ALTIMETER


DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

CONTENTS:
General
Transceiver
Antennae
Fan
Indicating
Users
EIU
LGCIU
CFDIU
Self Examination
TMURADA01 LEVEL 3
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RADIO ALTIMETER DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

GENERAL FAN

The Radio Altimeter (RA) system consists of two Each RA transceiver is cooled by an associated fan,
independent systems comprising : attached under the transceiver mount.
- Two transceivers with associated mounts and A capacitor is mounted on the fan case in order to
fans, suppress the parasites.
- Two transmission antennae,
- Two reception antennae. INDICATING

TRANSCEIVER In normal operation, RA 1 provides the radio height


to the Captain Primary Flight Display (PFD) and RA 2
The RA transceiver measures the radio height of the to the First Officer PFD through the Display Management
aircraft in relation to the ground. Computers (DMCs).
The transceiver operates in a frequency range of 4200 In case of one transceiver failure the DMC
to 4400 Mhz. automatically switches to the other one.
The radio height information appears on the PFDs when
ANTENNAE less than or equal to 2500 ft.

The RA system includes two identical transmission and USERS


reception antennae.
The operating range of the antenna according to the The RA information is sent to various systems through
aircraft attitude is limited to + or - 30 degree for ARINC 429 buses.
pitch and roll. - EGPWS for terrain warnings,
- FMGCs for processing data,
- FWCs for call out indications and warnings,
- ELACs for integration into various flight
TMURADA01-T01 LEVEL 3

parameters.
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RADIO ALTIMETER DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

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RADIO ALTIMETER DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

EIU

The Engine Interface Unit (EIU) 1(2) sends a ground


discrete to the RA 1(2) to inhibit the test on ground
when the associated engine is operating.
N2 rating > minimum idle rating.

LGCIU

The Landing Gear Control Interface Unit (LGCIU)


provides the flight/ground information which is used
by the receiver BITE module to count the flight legs.

CFDIU

The Multipurpose Control and Display Units (MCDUs)


allow the systems to be tested via the Centralized
Fault Display and Interface Unit (CFDIU).
The tests are only available on ground.
TMURADA01-T01 LEVEL 3
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SELF EXAMINATION

In normal operation, how is the height data


provided ?
A - By system 1 to Capt PFD and F/O PFD
B - By system 2 to CAPT PFD and F/O PFD
C - By system 1 to CAPT PFD and by system 2
to F/O PFD

What happens if Radio Altimeter 1 fails ?


A - RA 2 provides data to the EGPWC.
B - FMGC 1 provides data to the EGPWC.
C - The EGPWC no longer receives Radio
Altitude.
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-42-00 RA INDICATIONS ON PFD AND


AUTOMATIC CALL OUT

CONTENTS:
Decision Height (DH)
Radio Height
Analog Indication
Rising Runway Indicating
Failure
Automatic Call Out
Self Examination
TMURADB01 LEVEL 2
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RA INDICATIONS ON PFD AND AUTOMATIC CALL OUT

DECISION HEIGHT (DH) ANALOG INDICATION

After the selection made by the pilot on the A red ribbon is displayed on the right of the altitude
Multipurpose Control Display Unit (MCDU), the Decision scale representing the field elevation.
Height (DH) data is displayed in the fourth column of This red ribbon is displayed below 570 ft.
the Flight Mode Annunciator as soon as Radio Altimeters On ground the top of the ribbon is on the middle of
operate. the altitude window.
When the radio height reaches the Decision Height (DH),
an amber DH message flashes then remains steady.

RADIO HEIGHT

The radio height is displayed at the bottom of the


attitude sphere for heights less than 2500 feet.
The indication accuracy is in function of the height.
- H > 50 ft: 10 ft increments,
- 5 ft < H <= 50 ft: 5 ft increments,
- H <= 5 ft: 1 ft increments.
TMURADB01-T01 LEVEL 2
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RA INDICATIONS ON PFD AND AUTOMATIC CALL OUT

RISING RUNWAY INDICATING AUTOMATIC CALL OUT

In the final phase of an approach, below 150 feet, the Below 400 feet, the radio altitude is announced by a
white lower limit of the attitude sphere moves up as synthetic voice,generated by the Flight Warning
the aircraft approaches the ground. Computer (FWC).
This lower limit line covers the graduations of the The altitude call out corresponds to predetermined
pitch scale when it moves up. thresholds selected by pin programming listed
hereafter:
FAILURE - 400: four hundred
- 300: Three hundred
When the slat/flap lever is not at zero, if both Radio - 200: two hundred
Altimeters fail, a red RA flag is shown in place of
- 100: one hundred
the radio height information.
- 50: fifty
Independently of slat/flap position, with failure of
both RA, the red ribbon indication goes out of view - 40: forty
and the white lower limit line remains in its position. - 30: thirty
- 20: twenty
- 10: ten
- 5: five
- DH + 100: hundred above
- DH: minimum
TMURADB01-T02 LEVEL 2
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SELF EXAMINATION

With DH of 100ft entered on the MCDU, when will the


radio altitude indication become amber?
A - At 100 ft.
B - At 200 ft.
C - At 400 ft.

When does the red RA flag appear on the PFD?


A - When one RA fails.
A - When both RAs fail and the slats are
extended.
A - When both RAs fail below 2500ft.
TMURADB01 LEVEL 2
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-42-00 RADIO ALTIMETER COMPONENTS

CONTENTS:
RA Transceivers
RA Fans
RA Antennae
TMURADD01 LEVEL 3
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RADIO ALTIMETER COMPONENTS

RA TRANSCEIVERS

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 2SA1, 2SA2

LOCATION
ZONE: 152

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The face of the transceiver is fitted with a TEST p/b,
a TEST connector and four LEDS.
When the TEST p/b is pressed in, the four LEDs come
on.
If the test is OK, the four LEDs go off when the TEST
p/b is released out.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 electrical
connector.
TMURADD01-T01 LEVEL 3
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RA COMPONENTS - TRANSCEIVERS

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RADIO ALTIMETER COMPONENTS

RA FANS

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 3SA1, 3SA2

LOCATION
ZONE: 152

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The six-blade fan is integral with a removal base plate
attached under the transceiver mount. It is contained
in a square aluminium alloy case. It is supplied with
115VAC through the electrical circuit of the associated
transceiver.
Parasites are suppressed by a capacitor mounted on the
fan.
TMURADD01-T02 LEVEL 3
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RADIO ALTIMETER COMPONENTS

RA ANTENNAE

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: - Reception : 5SA1, 5SA2
- Transmission : 6SA1, 6SA2

LOCATION
ZONE: 153

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The transmission and the reception antennae are
identical.
The small thickeners antenna is installed on the
aircraft’s skin.
Each antenna is supplied through a coaxial connector
linked to the transceiver.
TMURADD01-T03 LEVEL 3
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-43-00 TCAS PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
Principle
Components
Indicating
Self Examination
TMUTCAB05 LEVEL 3
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TCAS PRESENTATION

PRINCIPLE - TRAFFIC ADVISORY VOLUME (TA).


When the intruder is relatively near but does not
The Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) is a represent an immediate threat, the TCAS provides an
system whose function is to detect and display aircraft aural and visual information known as Traffic Advisory
in the immediate vicinity and to provide the flight (TA).
crew with indications to avoid these intruders. The TCAS aural messages can be inhibited depending on
The TCAS indications for flight plan modifications are higher priority aural messages.
in the vertical plane only. - RESOLUTION ADVISORY VOLUME (RA).
The TCAS detects the air traffic control system or When the intruder represents a collision threat, the
TCAS equipped aircraft and maintains surveillance TCAS triggers an aural and visual alarm known as
within a range determined by its sensivity. Resolution Advisory (RA), which informs the crew about
To evaluate threat potential of other aircraft the avoidance maneuvers.
system divides the space around aircraft into 4
volumes.
- OTHER TRAFFIC VOLUME.
The OTHER TRAFFIC VOLUME is the first volume providing
the presence and the progress of on intruder.
(No collision threat).
- PROXIMATE TRAFFIC VOLUME.
The proximate traffic volume is defined by a given
volume around the TCAS equipped aircraft.
(No collision threat, but in vicinity).
TMUTCAB05-T01 LEVEL 3
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TCAS PRESENTATION

COMPONENTS

The TCAS components are two antennae, one TCAS computer


and one TCAS/ATC control panel.
Note: The TCAS/ATC control panels shown here after are
given as examples. They may differ according to
the aircraft configuration.
TMUTCAB05-T02 LEVEL 3
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TCAS PRESENTATION

INDICATING

The TCAS indications appear on the PFD and the ND.


The visual resolution and traffic advisory indications
are associated with aural indications such as "TRAFFIC,
TRAFFIC", "CLIMB, CLIMB"...
The TCAS displays only the most threatening intruders.
TMUTCAB05-T03 LEVEL 3
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TCAS PRESENTATION - INDICATING

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SELF EXAMINATION

Which aircraft are detected by the TCAS ?


A - All.
B - Only ATC Mode S equipped A/C.
C - ATC equipped A/C.
TMUTCAB05 LEVEL 3
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-43-00 TCAS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

CONTENTS:
General
Antennae
Control Panel
Computer
ATC
Radio Altimeter
ADIRU
CFDIU
LGCIU
Indicating
Inhibition
Pin Programming
DATA Loader
Self Exination
TMUTCAF01 LEVEL 3
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TCAS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

GENERAL (Digital, discrete and analog types interfaces,


intruder trajectory computation and tracking, visual
The Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) and aural alert commands).
includes:
- 1 control unit (common with ATC system), ATC
- 1 computer,
- 2 antennae (1 top and 1 bottom). The operative ATC Mode S transponder transmits response
to ATC ground station interrogations and data to the
ANTENNAE TCAS.
(Baro altitude, TCAS mode from control panel, TCAS
The TCAS directional antennae provide azimuth broadcast messages).
information on aircraft located within the TCAS The Mode S transponder permits communication between
surveillance range. the TCAS and a TCAS equipped and detected aircraft
They transmit at 1030 MHz and receive at 1090 MHz. through the communication link function for exchanging
The phase and amplitude of the received signal depend coordination messages.
on the direction of the signal source which permits
the relative bearing of the transmitting aircraft to RADIO ALTIMETER
be determined.
The Radio Altimeter (RA) provide radio height used as
CONTROL PANEL reference to determine the computation sensitivity
level and triggers the inhibit orders.
The operating modes of the TCAS are selected on a The radio height is used in the 0 to 2500Ft range.
common TCAS/ATC control panel.
The TCAS information is transmitted to the TCAS ADIRU
computer via the ATC transponder.
The IR part ADIRU provides the magnetic heading and
COMPUTER the pitch and roll attitude information to the TCAS
TMUTCAF01-T01 LEVEL 3

computer.
The TCAS computer ensures two main functions:
NOTE:
- a transmission/reception function for intruder
The Baro altitude is transmitted via the ATC
acquisition,
UF94200

transponder.
- a processing function for operation control.

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TCAS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

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TCAS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

CFDIU INHIBITION

The Centralized Fault Display Interface Unit (CFDIU) Various discrete signals are used for inhibition by
allows testing and trouble-shooting of the TCAS through equipment with higher priority than the TCAS.
the MCDU. These priorities are:
The tests are only available on ground. - windshear
- stall
LGCIU - EGPWS messages
Consequently Traffic Advisory (TA) mode is selected
The Landing Gear Control and Interface Unit (LGCIU) and the voice announcements are cancelled (Master
provides a flight ground signal used by the BITE module Warning P/B switch).
for flight leg counting.
It provides also a landing gear extended signal for PIN PROGRAMMING
TCAS operation.
Some pin programs define the operating mode of the
INDICATING TCAS.
Operating mode:
Visual indications are presented on the NDs and PFDs.
- audio level output,
The NDs present the location of intruders in the
- all traffic/threat traffic display,
traffic area.
The PFDs present the avoidance maneuver indications - ground display mode (TA mode),
on the vertical speed scale. - number of intruders displayed, (8 maximum),
The FWCs monitor the validity of the information. - aircraft altitude limit (48000Ft).
Synthesized voice announcements generated by the TCAS
computer and broadcast by the loudspeakers accompany DATA LOADER
the visual indications.
It will be possible to load software data into the
TMUTCAF01-T01 LEVEL 3

TCAS computer by means of a DATA loader.


The remote loading capability is linked by 2 ARINC 429
low speed buses to a dedicated connector in the
aircraft.
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SELF EXAMINATION

The TCAS/ATC control panel controls:


A - ATC transponders and TCAS computer
directly.
B - ATC transponders directly and TCAS
computer through the ATC transponders.
C - TCAS computer directly and ATC
transponders through the TCAS computer.

The TCAS receives heading, pitch and roll data from:


A - ADIRU 1.
B - ADIRU 1 or 3 according to AIR DATA
switch status.
C - Selected ATC transponder.
TMUTCAF01 LEVEL 3
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-43-00 TCAS CONTROL PANEL D/O

CONTENTS:
COLLINS Control Panel
SEXTANT ControL Panel
GABLES Control Panel
Self Examination
TMUTCAH05 LEVEL 2
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TCAS CONTROL PANEL D/O

COLLINS CONTROL PANEL ABOVE/N/BELOW SWITCHES


The TCAS surveillance envelope is expanded above or
GENERAL below the TCAS equipped aircraft whatever the mode
The purpose of this module is to understand the use selected (TA-TA/RA-TFC).
of the various controls of the TCAS part of the -ABOVE position:
TCAS/ATC control panel. From -2700 ft to +9900 ft.
-N (normal position):
MODE SELECTOR From -2700 ft to +2700 ft.
The TCAS mode of operation is selected by means of a -BELOW position:
rotary mode selector. From +2700 ft to -9900 ft.
- STBY and XPDR position:
The advisory generation and surveillance functions are INOP SWITCHES
inhibited. The functions under INOP placards are reserved for a
- TA position: future use.
This mode provides only traffic advisories, it doesn’t
generate any resolution advisories.
- TA/RA position:
This is the normal operating mode, it provides the
preventive and the corrective advisories in order to
avoid conflicts with other aircraft.
-TFC position:
This mode provides all traffic indications of all
aircraft in the other, proximate, TA and RA volumes
(8 maximum).
TMUTCAH05-T01 LEVEL 2
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TCAS CONTROL PANEL D/O

SEXTANT CONTROL PANEL The TCAS surveillance envelope is expanded above or


below the TCAS equipped aircraft for Traffic Advisory.
STBY/TA/TA/RA MODE SELECTOR -ABV position:
The TCAS mode of operation is selected by means of a From -2700 ft to +9900 ft.
rotary mode selector. -BLW position:
- STBY position: From +2700 ft to -9900 ft.
The advisory generation and surveillance functions are In normal operation (non selection of ABV or BLW), the
inhibited. vertical surveillance taken into account is between
- TA position: +/- 2700ft.
This mode provides only traffic advisories, it doesn’t
generate any resolution advisories.
- TA/RA position:
This is the normal operating mode, it provides the
preventive and the corrective advisories in order to
avoid conflicts with other aircraft.

THRT/ALL/ABV/BLW MODE SELECTOR


Two other types of targets for TCAS traffic can be
selected by means of a rotary mode selector.
- THRT position:
The THRT function (THREAT TRAFFIC), defined as
PROXIMATE traffic, is conditioned by the presence of
a TA or RA intruder.
- ALL position:
The ALL function, defined as OTHER traffic, provides
all intruders that do not enter in the proximate, TA
and RA categories.
TMUTCAH05-T02 LEVEL 2
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TCAS CONTROL PANEL D/O - SEXTANT

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TCAS CONTROL PANEL D/O

GABLES CONTROL PANEL

TCAS MODE SELECTOR


The TCAS mode of operation is selected by means of a
rotary mode selector.
-OFF position:
TCAS advisory generation and surveillance functions
are inhibited
- TA position:
The TCAS computer is fully operational but provides
only traffic advisories, it doesn’t generate any
resolution advisories. TA intruders are displayed on
the NDs.
- TA/RA position:
This is the normal operating mode, it provides the
preventive and the corrective advisories in order to
avoid conflicts with other aircraft.
TMUTCAH05-T03 LEVEL 2
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TCAS CONTROL PANEL D/O - GABLES

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SELF EXAMINATION

With mode selector in TA position:


A - Only traffic advisories are provided.
B - All traffic indications are provided.
C - No TCAS information is provided.
TMUTCAH05 LEVEL 2
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-43-00 TCAS INDICATIONS ON PFD AND


AURAL ALERTS

CONTENTS:
General
Preventive Resolution Advisory
Corrective Resolution Advisory
Aural Alerts
V/S Failure
TCAS Failure
Self Examination
TMUTCAJ01 LEVEL 2
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TCAS INDICATIONS ON PFD AND AURAL ALERTS

GENERAL - PREVENTIVE RESOLUTION ADVISORY

The PFD presents indications on the Vertical Speed "TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC" (Only in case of TA detection)
(V/S) scale, only in case of Resolution Advisories "MONITOR VERTICAL SPEED, MONITOR VERTICAL SPEED"
(RA) detection.
The indications, given in the form of red or green - CORRECTIVE RESOLUTION ADVISORY
partially colored sectors, advise the crew of the
action necessary to resolve the conflict. "CLIMB, CLIMB, CLIMB"
"CLIMB, CROSSING CLIMB, CLIMB, CROSSING CLIMB"
PREVENTIVE RESOLUTION ADVISORY "REDUCE CLIMB, REDUCE CLIMB"
"INCREASE CLIMB, INCREASE CLIMB"
A preventive resolution advisory informs the crew to "CLIMB, CLIMB NOW, CLIMB, CLIMB NOW"
avoid certain deviations from current vertical speed.
It can be represented by one or two red sectors on the "DESCEND, DESCEND, DESCEND"
V/S scale. "DESCEND, CROSSING DESCENT, DESCEND, CROSSING DESCENT"
"REDUCE DESCENT, REDUCE DESCENT"
CORRECTIVE RESOLUTION ADVISORY "INCREASE DESCENT, INCREASE DESCENT"
"DESCEND, DESCEND NOW, DESCEND, DESCEND NOW"
A corrective resolution advisory informs the crew to
perform a vertical avoidance maneuver. - AIRCRAFT SEPARATION HAS BEEN ACHIEVED:
The grey background of the V/S scale is totally
replaced by red/green sectors. "CLEAR OF CONFLICT"
The V/S indications (Digital value and needle) are in
the colour of the corresponding sector.

AURAL ALERTS
TMUTCAJ01-T01 LEVEL 2

Trajectory correction or holding visual orders are


accompanied by synthesized voice announcements
generated by the TCAS computer, whose level can be
adjusted by the crew.
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TCAS INDICATIONS ON PFD AND AURAL ALERTS - PREVENTIVE AND CORRECTIVE ADVISORIES

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TCAS INDICATIONS ON PFD AND AURAL ALERTS

V/S FAILURE

In case of vertical speed indication failure, a red


V/S flag appears.
TCAS information, if any, are presented without V/S
indications.

TCAS FAILURE

In case of TCAS failure, a red TCAS flag is displayed


when the system cannot deliver Resolution Advisories
(RA) data.
TMUTCAJ01-T02 LEVEL 2
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TCAS INDICATIONS ON PFD AND AURAL ALERTS - FAILURES

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SELF EXAMINATION

The PFD presents TCAS indications:


A - On the V/S scale in case of TA and RA
detection.
B - On the SPEED scale as Preventive
Advisoriy.
C - On the V/S scale only in case of RA
detection.

The colour of the V/S indications change to:


A - red when in presence of a corrective RA
detection
B - green when a in presence of corrective
RA detection
C - red or green when in presence of a
corrective RA detection depending on the
sector band in which they are.
TMUTCAJ01 LEVEL 2
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-43-00 TCAS INDICATIONS ON ND

CONTENTS
Display Conditions
Intruder
No Bearing Intruder
Messages
Self Examination
TMUTCAL01 LEVEL 2
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TCAS INDICATIONS ON ND

DISPLAY CONDITIONS

The ND presents traffic indication using different


symbols corresponding to the type of intruders
These indications are displayed only in ROSE and ARC
modes, and ONLY in the 10, 20 and 40 NM range.

NOTE: If the PLAN mode is selected, a message informs


the crew to change mode.

INTRUDER

The intruders are displayed with range, bearing,


reative altitude and vertical speed tendancy depending
on the setting of the mode selector on the TCAS/ATC
control panel.
Only the eight most threatening intruders are
displayed.
TMUTCAL01-T01 LEVEL 2
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TCAS INDICATIONS ON ND - INTRUDER TYPE

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TCAS INDICATIONS ON ND

NO BEARING INTRUDER

The TCAS can detect an intruder not equipped with TCAS


without acquiring its bearing.
Its characteristics are displayed on the lower part
of the ND.
Only the two most threatening intruders are displayed,
the most dangerous is displayed on the left side.

MESSAGES

Different type of messages can be displayed:


- Mode and Range messages,
- TCAS operations and failure messages.
TMUTCAL01-T02 LEVEL 2
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TCAS INDICATIONS ON ND - NO BEARING INTRUDER AND TCAS MESSAGES

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SELF EXAMINATION

A RA is represented on the ND with:


A - a red square
B - A red circle
C - a white filled diamond shape.
TMUTCAL01 LEVEL 2
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-43-00 TCAS COMPONENTS

CONTENTS:
TCAS Computer (Collins)
TCAS Computer (Honeywell)
TCAS Computer (Bendix)
TCAS Antennae
TCAS Control Panel (Collins)
TCAS Control Panel (Sextant)
TCAS Control Panel (Gables)
TMUTCAN05 LEVEL 3
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TCAS COMPONENTS

TCAS COMPUTER (COLLINS)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 1SG

LOCATION
ZONE: 128

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The front face of the computer is fitted with 9 LEDs
and a TEST pushbutton.
When the TEST pushbutton is pressed in, the 9 LEDs
come on.
If the test is OK, the LEDs should go off when the
TEST pushbutton is released out.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 electrical
connector.
TMUTCAN05-T01 LEVEL 3
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TCAS COMPONENTS - COMPUTER (COLLINS)

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TCAS COMPONENTS

TCAS COMPUTER (HONEYWELL)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 1SG

LOCATION
ZONE: 128

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The front face of the computer is fitted with 11 LEDs
and a TEST pushbutton.
When the TEST pushbutton is pressed in, the 11 LEDs
come on (lAMP Test first then SELF-TEST).
If the test is OK, the LEDs should go off.
The TEST can be repeated until a maximun of 10 flight
legs have been displayed.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 electrical
connector.
TMUTCAN05-T02 LEVEL 3
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TCAS COMPONENTS - COMPUTER (HONEYWELL)

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TCAS COMPONENTS

TCAS COMPUTER (BENDIX)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 1SG

LOCATION
ZONE: 128

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The front face of the computer is fitted with a data
loading connector which enables data to be loaded from
a portable data loader.
The front face is also fitted with a test connector.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 electrical
connector.
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TCAS COMPONENTS

TCAS ANTENNAE

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 7SG1, 7SG2

LOCATION
ZONE: 230, 130

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The TCAS directional antennae are composed of four
passive and independent vertically-polarized
elements.
A teflon gasket is located between the fuselage and
the base of the antenna in order to facilitate the
removal of the antenna.
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TCAS COMPONENTS

TCAS CONTROL PANEL (COLLINS)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 3SH

LOCATION
ZONE: 211

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The processor of the TCAS/ATC control panel controls
the ATC and TCAS function via an ARINC 429 bus.
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TCAS COMPONENTS

TCAS CONTROL PANEL (SEXTANT)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 3SH

LOCATION
ZONE: 211

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The processor of the TCAS/ATC control panel controls
the ATC and TCAS function via an ARINC 429 bus.
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TCAS COMPONENTS

TCAS CONTROL PANEL (BENDIX)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 3SH

LOCATION
ZONE: 211

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The processor of the TCAS/ATC control panel controls
the ATC and TCAS function via an ARINC 429 bus.
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-48-00 ENHANCED GROUND PROXIMITY


WARNING SYSTEM PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
General
Principle
Components
Indicating
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ENHANCED GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING SYSTEM PRESENTATION

GENERAL

The Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS)


is built over the current GPWS.
- EGPWS = GPWS + "ENHANCED" functions.

PRINCIPLE

The purpose of the Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning


System (EGPWS) is to help prevent accidents caused by
Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT).
When boundaries of any alerting envelope are exceeded;
aural alert messages, visual annunciations and
displays are generated.
The basic GPWS modes generate aural and visual warnings
corresponding to an aircraft behaviour when the alert
envelope is penetrated.
The "ENHANCED" features complete the basic GPWS modes:
- Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF): Increase the
terrain clearance envelope around the airport
runway.
- Terrain Awareness alerting and Display (TAD):
Incorporation of a terrain database to predict
conflict between flight path and terrain and
to display the conflicting terrain.
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ENHANCED GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING SYSTEM PRESENTATION

COMPONENTS

The system comprises an EGPWC, a control panel, two


warning lights and two TERRAIN ON ND mode pushbutton
switches.
The EGPWS is connected to various navigation systems
(WR, RA, ADIRS, ILS...).
It processes the navigation data and generates alarms.
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ENHANCED GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING SYSTEM PRESENTATION

INDICATING

The basic GPWS modes generate visual warnings through


associated lights and synthetic warnings through the
loudspeakers.
The "ENHANCED" GPWS functions allow the terrain hazards
to be displayed on the Navigation Display (ND).
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-48-00 EGPWS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

CONTENTS:
General
Digital Inputs
Digital Outputs
Enhanced Function
EGPWS Controls
Aural Warnings
Visual Warnings
FWC
LGCIU
Self Examination
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EGPWS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

GENERAL The EGPWS receives the Predictive Windshear (PWS)


alerts from the weather radar hazard bus to determine
The Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS) the priority. The PWS has priority over EGPWS modes.
consists of:
- 1 computer, EGPWS CONTROLS
- 2 GPWS / G/S pushbutton with integral lights,
- 1 GPWS control panel, Various pushbuttons allow the crew to control the
actions of the EGPWS.
- 2 TERRAIN ON ND pushbuttons.
When pressed in, on the GPWS control panel:
DIGITAL INPUTS - The TERR p/b (white legend) inhibits the
terrain awareness.
The EGPWS receives ARINC 429 data inputs from the - The SYS p/b (white legend) inhibits all the
navigation sensors in order to monitor the aircraft GPWS warnings (mode 1 to 5).
position with respect to the terrain and provide audio - The G/S MODE p/b (white legend) inhibits the
and visual warnings when in hazardous situation. glide/slope mode (mode 5).
- The FLAP MODE p/b (white legend) inhibits flap
DIGITAL OUTPUTS abnormal condition input (mode 4) and generates
the green "GPWS FLAP MODE OFF" message on the
An ARINC 429 transmitter provides a maintenance output ECAM MEMO page (EWD).
data bus. - The LDG FLAP 3 p/b (white legend) selects the
This output bus is used by the CFDIU for maintenance landing FLAP 3 position and generates the green
purposes and by the Aircraft Integrated Data System "GPWS FLAP 3" message on the ECAM MEMO page
(AIDS) for the Data Management Unit (DMU). (EWD).
When pressed in the GPWS / G/S p/b, on the instrument
ENHANCED FUNCTION panels, has two functions:
- The GPWS / G/S p/b sends a ground signal to
TMUEGPC01-T01 LEVEL 3

The EGPWC outputs a display of terrain data in ARINC trigger the self test sequence (available on
453 data bus format to the DMCs. ground or above 2000 ft Above Ground Level:
The terrain data is displayed on the ND automatically AGL),
in place of the radar image when a Terrain Caution or - or cancels the glide/slope aural and visual
Warning is detected or any time by using the TERR ON warnings when triggered.
UF94200

ND pushbutton. When the TERRAIN ON ND p/b is pressed in, on the center


instrument panel, the green ON legend comes on to
indicate that terrain data is displayed on the ND.

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EGPWS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

AURAL WARNINGS FWC

The audio output is used to broadcast aural warning The Flight Warning Computers (FWCs) send a discrete
messages which identify the activated mode. to the EGPWC to inhibit all warnings when a stall or
The ECAM control panel sends an audio suppression windshear warning is triggered.
signal, when the EMERG CANCEL p/b is pressed, to the The EGPWC sends two discretes to the FWCs and the TCAS
EGPWC in order to momentarily cancel the EGPWS in order to inhibit auto call out and low speed warnings
warnings. and change TCAS mode from Resolution Advisory (RA) to
Traffic Advisory (TA) when the GPWS or G/S warnings
VISUAL WARNINGS are in progress.
These discretes are also used by the Digital Flight
In hazardous flight configurations or system failures Data Recorder (DFDR).
the EGPWC provides discretes for the illumination of
warning legends. LGCIU
Five discretes control the warning legends:
- One for red GPWS legends, for ground proximity The Landing Gear Control Interface Unit sends a
warning (mode 1 to 4) and for Terrain Caution flight/ground discrete signal to the EGPWC BITE mode
and Warning Alert. to count the flight legs.
- One for amber G/S legends, for Glide/Slope This discrete is also used for Mode 4 (Unsafe Terrain
advisory alert (mode 5). Clearance).
- Two monitor outputs for the amber FAULT legends
on the SYS and TERR p/b of the GPWS control
panel.
These discretes are also sent to the System
Data Acquisition Concentrators (SDACs) to
generate the ECAM "GPWS FAULT" and "GPWS TERR
DET FAULT" warning messages.
TMUEGPC01-T01 LEVEL 3

- One monitor output for the availability of the


terrain mode.In case of FMS low accuracy a
green TERR STBY is sent through the SDACs to
the ECAM MEMO page (EWD).
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SELF EXAMINATION

What happens to the EGPWS when the stall warning is


triggered?
A - All modes are inhibited.
B - Mode 4 is inhibited.
C - Mode 5 is inhibited.

What happens when the G/S p/b is pressed in on the


GPWS control panel?
A - The Glide/Slope mode is inhibited.
B - Only Glide/Slope mode is valid.
C - The self test sequence is initiated.

What happens when the TERR ON ND p/b is pressed in?


A - The ND displays the terrain image.
B - The terrain image is superposed with the
radar image on the ND.
C - The radar image is present until a
terrain caution or warning is detected.

The EGPWS has priority over:


A - All systems.
B - Auto call out, low speed warning and
TCAS.
C - Stall and windshear.
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-48-00 EGPWS MODES

CONTENTS:
General
Warning Modes
Mode 1
Mode 2
Mode 3
Mode 4
Mode 5
Terrain Awareness And Display (TAD)(JAA & FAA)
Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF)
Self Examination
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EGPWS MODES

GENERAL

The Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS)


computes and compares the aircraft behaviour with a
predermined envelope.

WARNING MODES

When the warning envelope is penetrated, visual and


aural warnings are generated.
The aural messages are broadcast through the cockpit
loudspeakers and visual warnings are indicated by the
GPWS / G/S pushbutton lights and the GPWS control
panel.
A terrain image is displayed on the ND.

NOTE: A number of airports through the world have


approaches or departures which are not entirely
compatible with the standard GPWS operation.
These airports are identified in the data base,
the GPWS recognizes them and modifies the profile
and triggers the warning in accordance.
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EGPWS MODES

MODE 1

Mode 1 provides an alert warning for high descent rates


into terrain and for rapidly increasing sink rates
near the runway when landing.
The SINK RATE voice message changes into PULL UP when
the aircraft reaches the inner boundary.
These alerts will continue until the boundary
penetration is corrected.
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EGPWS MODES

MODE 2

Mode 2 provides a warning based on the radio height


and on how rapidly the radio height decreases.

Mode 2A: Landing flaps not down and not in the glide
slope beam (TERRAIN, TERRAIN).

Mode 2B: Landing flaps down or in the glide slope beam


within +/- 2 dots of deviation (ILS approach) (PULL
UP).

When in landing configuration the voice message will


only be "TERRAIN" until the barometric altitude
increases by 300 ft.
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EGPWS MODES

MODE 3

Mode 3 provides a warning for excessive altitude loss


after take-off, climb or during a go-around (DON’T
SINK).
This mode is based on radio height, altitude (inertial,
barometric or computed altitude) and altitude rate
(IVS computed altitude rate or barometric altitude
rate).
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EGPWS MODES

MODE 4

Mode 4 generates warnings based on the radio height,


computed airspeed and aircraft configuration.
TOO LOW TERRAIN is broadcast when the aircraft is below
1000 ft with landing gear retracted and/or flaps not
in landing configuration.
TOO LOW GEAR or TOO LOW FLAPS are broadcast depending
on the aircraft configuration (gear up or down, flaps
extended or retracted, aircraft speed in relation to
the radio height).

NOTE: The TOO LOW GEAR message has priority over the
TOO LOW FLAPS message.
TMUEGPE01-T05 LEVEL 3
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EGPWS MODES

MODE 5

Mode 5 provides warnings when the aircraft flight path


descends below the Glide/Slope beam during ILS
approaches.
The amplitude of the GLIDE SLOPE voice message and the
repetition rate are increased when closing to the
ground.
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EGPWS MODES

TERRAIN AWARENESS AND DISPLAY (TAD)(JAA & FAA)

When a terrain threat forward of the aircraft path is


detected, with respect to the aircraft position and
the local terrain database, caution and warning alerts
are triggered.
When the envelope boundaries are met the following
alerts are generated:
- Terrain Caution Alert: "TERRAIN AHEAD" is
broadcast (JAA).
- Terrain Caution Alert: "CAUTION TERRAIN,
CAUTION TERRAIN" is broadcast (FAA).
- Terrain Warning Alert: "TERRAIN AHEAD, PULL
UP" is broadcast (JAA).
- Terrain Warning Alert: "TERRAIN, TERRAIN, PULL
UP" is broadcast (FAA).
These alerts are completed by a terrain image on the
NDs:
- Red area for warnings.
- Yellow area for cautions.
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EGPWS MODES

TERRAIN CLEARANCE FLOOR (TCF)

The Terrain Clearance Floor is an increasing terrain


clearance enveloppe around the airport runway to
provide protection against Controlled Flight Into
Terrain (CFIT).
The TCF alert function complements the existing Mode
4. When TCF alert envelope is penetrated "TOO LOW
TERRAIN" is broadcast.
It is based on current A/C position, nearest runway
center point position and Radio Altitude.
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SELF EXAMINATION

If the voice message "TERRAIN, TERRAIN" is heard,


in which mode and configuration are you?
A - In mode 2A, with flaps down or in the
glide slope beam.
B - In mode 2B, with flaps down or in the
glide slope beam.
C - In mode 2A, with flaps not down and not
in the glide slope beam.

Which synthetic voice is broadcast in case of an


excessive rate of descent?
A - SINK RATE.
B - TERRAIN TERRAIN.
C - GLIDE SLOPE.
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-48-00 EGPWS INDICATIONS ON ND

CONTENTS:
General
Background Display
Terrain Caution Alert
Terrain Warning Alert
Self Examination
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EGPWS INDICATIONS ON ND

GENERAL

The Terrain Awareness alerting and Display (TAD)


function displays the background terrain and terrain
alerts, forward of the aircraft, in the ROSE and ARC
mode navigation displays.

BACKGROUND DISPLAY

The background terrain display is depicted as variable


density dot patterns in green, yellow or red depending
on how close the terrain is relative to aircraft
altitude.

NOTE: Terrain is not shown if more than 2000 feet below


the reference altitude and if the terrain
elevation is within 400 ft of the runway
elevation nearest the aircraft.
TMUEGPG01-T01 LEVEL 2
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TMUEGPG01-P01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

EGPWS INDICATIONS ON ND - BACKGROUND DISPLAY

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EGPWS INDICATIONS ON ND

TERRAIN CAUTION ALERT

When the conditions of terrain caution alerts are met,


the background image is enhanced to highlight the
terrain caution threats by coloring them in solid
yellow.

TERRAIN WARNING ALERT

When the conditions of terrain warning alerts are met,


the background image is enhanced to highlight the
terrain warning threats by coloring them in solid red
(caution threats are also available).
TMUEGPG01-T02 LEVEL 2
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TMUEGPG01-P02 LEVEL 2
UF94200

EGPWS INDICATIONS ON ND - TERRAIN CAUTION AND WARNING ALERTS

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SELF EXAMINATION

A yellow high density indication means that:


A - An unknown terrain is being overflown.
B - Terrain is between 1000 ft and 2000 ft
above A/C altitude.
C - There is no close terrain.

When a Terrain Warning Alert is triggered:


A - The red GPWS warning comes on with
"TERRAIN ALERT" alert caution.
B - "TERRAIN ALERT, PULL UP" alert warning
is heard continuously associated with a
red GPWS warning and the red "TERR
AHEAD" message on ND.
C - the amber G/S warning comes on with a
cyan "TERR" message on ND.
TMUEGPG01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-48-00 EGPWS COMPONENTS

CONTENTS:
EGPWC
TMUEGPJ01 LEVEL 3
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EGPWS COMPONENTS

EGPWC

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 1WZ

LOCATION
ZONE: 128

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
Behind the latched door, the computer is fitted with:
- a self test switch
- a headphone jack
- an RS232 test connector for a CRT or a PC
- a PCMCIA interface for uploading or downloading
internal EGPWC information.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 connector.
TMUEGPJ01-T01 LEVEL 3
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TMUEGPJ01-P01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

EGPWS COMPONENTS - COMPUTER

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TMUEGPJ01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-51-00 DME SYSTEM PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
Principle
Components
Indicating
TMUDMEH01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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DME SYSTEM PRESENTATION

PRINCIPLE

The Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) provides


digital readout of the aircraft slant range distance
from a selected ground station.
The system generates interrogation pulses from an
onboard interrogator and sends them to a selected
ground station.
After a 50 micro seconds delay, the ground station
replies.
The interrogator determines the distance in Nautical
Miles (NM) between the station and the aircraft.
The interrogator detects the Morse audio signal which
identifies the ground station.
TMUDMEH01-T01 LEVEL 1
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TMUDMEH01-P01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

DME SYSTEM PRESENTATION - PRINCIPLE

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DME SYSTEM PRESENTATION

COMPONENTS

The components are two antennae and two interrogators.


The DME system is also connected to:
- Primary Flight Displays (PFD), Navigation
Displays (ND) and Digital Distance Radio
Magnetic Indicator (DDRMI) for display.
- Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS)
control unit for display control.
- Flight Management and Guidance Computers (FMGC)
for tuning (manual and auto).
- Captain and F/O Radio Management Panels (RMP)
for back-up tuning.
- Audio Control Panels (ACPs) for DME audio
signal.
TMUDMEH01-T02 LEVEL 1
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TMUDMEH01-P02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

DME SYSTEM PRESENTATION - COMPONENTS

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DME SYSTEM PRESENTATION

INDICATING

The DME distance is shown on the Primary Flight Display


(PFD) (if ILS/DME) and on the Navigation Display (ND)
(if VOR/DME).
The DME distance is also shown on the two windows of
the Digital Distance Radio Magnetic Indicator (DDRMI).
TMUDMEH01-T03 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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TMUDMEH01-P03 LEVEL 1
UF94200

DME SYSTEM PRESENTATION - INDICATING

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-51-00 DME DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

CONTENTS:
General
Auto Tuning
Manual Tuning
Back Up Tuning
Antenna
Users
Suppressor
AMU
LGCIU
Indicating
CFDIU
Self Examination
TMUDMEA01 LEVEL 3
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DME DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

GENERAL ANTENNA

The Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) Sytem includes: The DME antenna transmits the DME interrogation and
- 2 DME Interrogators, receives the reply from the selected ground station.
- 2 DME Antennae. The DME antenna operates within the low band from 962
to 1213 Mhz (1025 to 1150 Mhz for interrogation and
AUTO TUNING 962 to 1213 Mhz for reply).

In normal operation each Flight Management Guidance USERS


Computer (FMGC) automatically tunes its ownside DME
interrogator through its ownside Radio Management The DME data is sent to the FMGCs for radio distance
Panel (RMP) via port A. computation.
When the FMGC fails, the DME receives a discrete signal
through the RMP to automatically select port B. SUPPRESSOR
With failure of one FMGC the other FMGC can control
the DME interrogators, one directly, the other through The DME and the Air Traffic Control (ATC) operate in
its RMP. the same frequency range.
A suppressor coaxial between the ATC transponders and
MANUAL TUNING DME interrogators is necessary to prevent simultaneous
transmission and to interrupt reception of the other
From each Multipurpose Control and Display Unit (MCDU) systems.
both DMEs can be manually tuned through their ownside
FMGC (via port A). AMU

BACK UP TUNING The DME audio signals are transmitted to the Audio
Management Unit (AMU) and then dispatched to the
In case of dual FMGC failure the RMPs enable BACK-UP headsets and/or loudspeakers.
TMUDMEA01-T01 LEVEL 3

tuning. The pilot can adjust the volume of the DME ground
station by pressing the VOR pushbutton on the Audio
Control Panel (ACP) or the ILS pushbutton in case of
collocated ILS/DME (if ILS mode is selected on EFIS
UF94200

CTL Panel).

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TMUDMEA01-P01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

DME DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

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DME DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

LGCIU

Each Landing Gear Control Interface Unit (LGCIU) sends


a discrete signal to the associated DME interrogator.
This is a Ground/Flight information used by the
receiver BITE module to count the flight legs.

INDICATING

DME data is sent to the Navigation Displays (NDs) and


the Primary Flight Displays (PFDs) through the Display
Management Computers (DMCs) and directly to the Digital
Distance and Radio Magnetic Indicator (DDRMI).

CFDIU

The MCDUs allow the systems to be tested and trouble


shooting to be performed via the Centralized Fault
Display Interface Unit (CFDIU).
The tests are only available on ground.
TMUDMEA01-T01 LEVEL 3
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TMUDMEA01 LEVEL 3
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SELF EXAMINATION

What is the suppressor coaxial between DME and ATC


used for ?
A - To inhibit DME operation.
B - To prevent simultaneous transmission and
to interrupt reception of the other
systems.
C - To prevent simultaneous transmission and
to inhibit the transmission of the other
systems.

Where is the DME 1 information displayed ?


A - On CAPT PFD and F/O PFD.
B - On CAPT PFD, CAPT and F/O ND and DDRMI.
C - On CAPT F/O PFD and ND.
TMUDMEA01 LEVEL 3
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34 - NAVIGATION

34-51-00 DME INDICATIONS ON PFD AND ND

CONTENTS:
On PFD
On ND
VOR-D Pusbutton
Failure
Self Examination
TMUDMEB01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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DME INDICATIONS ON PFD AND ND

ON PFD

When an Instrument Landing System (ILS) station is


collocated with a Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
station, the ILS/DME distance is displayed in magenta
in the left lower corner of the Primary Flight Display
(PFD).
This data comes into view when the ILS P/B on the EFIS
control panel is pressed in.

ON ND

When the mode selector on the EFIS control panel, is


set to ROSE or ARC mode and the ADF/VOR selector is
set to VOR the DME distance is displayed in green in
the left or right lower corner of the Navigation
Display (ND).
Nothing is displayed if non collocated VOR/DME ground
station.
TMUDMEB01-T01 LEVEL 2
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TMUDMEB01-P01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

DME INDICATIONS ON PFD AND ND (SHEET 1/2)

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DME INDICATIONS ON PFD AND ND

VOR-D PUSHBUTTON

In ROSE-NAV and ARC mode it is possible to show the


DME and VOR/DME ground stations which are included in
the navigation data base.
If not tuned nor included in the flight plan the DME
or VOR/DME ground stations are displayed in magenta
when the VOR-D pushbutton is pressed in on the EFIS
control panel.

FAILURE

When a failure occurs, the corresponding red DME flag


is displayed in place of the distance, in the lower
corner of the corresponding side for the ND and in the
left lower corner for the PFD.
TMUDMEB01-T02 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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TMUDMEB01-P02 LEVEL 2
UF94200

DME INDICATIONS ON PFD AND ND (SHEET 2/2)

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SELF EXAMINATION

What does it mean when dashes are displayed instead


of DME1 distance indication on the ND ?
A - DME1 interrogator has failed.
B - DME1 interrogator is not receiving the
ground station signal.
C - There is no DME station collocated to
the VOR station selected.

When the VOR-D pushbutton is pressed in, on the


EFIS control panel,the ND shows:
A - The DME and the VOR/DME ground stations
included in the data base.
B - Only the VOR/DME ground stations.
C - The DME and the VOR/DME ground stations
included in the flight plan.
TMUDMEB01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-51-00 DME COMPONENTS

CONTENTS:
DME Interrogators (Collins)
DME Interrogators (Allied)
DME Interrogators (Thomson)
DME Antennae
TMUDMEF04 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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DME COMPONENTS

DME INTERROGATORS (COLLINS)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 2SD1, 2SD2

LOCATION
ZONE: 127,128

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The front face of the interrogator is fitted with 2
LEDs and a TEST pushbutton.
When the TEST pushbutton is pressed in, the functional
test starts.
At the end of the test, the color of the LEDs indicates
the status of the LRU.
- CONTROL FAIL LED red: test not completed.
- LRU STATUS LED red: fault detected during test.
- LRU STATUS LED green: no fault detected during
test.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 connector.
TMUDMEF04-T01 LEVEL 3
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TMUDMEF04-P01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

DME COMPONENTS - INTERROGATORS (COLLINS)

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DME INTERROGATORS (ALLIED)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 2SD1, 2SD2

LOCATION
ZONE: 127,128

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The face of the interrogator is fitted with two
pushbutton switches and a Liquid Cristal Display (LCD).
The LCD provides user interfaces for test, fault
display and troubleshooting.
The front face is also fitted with an RS-232 connector
for interfacing with personal computers.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 connector.
TMUDMEF04-T02 LEVEL 3
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UF94200

DME COMPONENTS - INTERROGATORS (ALLIED)

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DME INTERROGATORS (THOMSON)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 2SD1, 2SD2

LOCATION
ZONE: 127,128

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The face of the interrogator is fitted with a TEST
pushbutton switch and six LEDs.
- R/T OK (green): DME OK.
- R/T FAIL (red): DME faulty.
- BUS IN FAIL (amber): invalid input.
- ANT FAIL (amber): antenna faulty.
- IND No 1 FAIL: indicator No 1 faulty.
- IND No 2 FAIL: indicator No 2 faulty.

The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 connector.


TMUDMEF04-T03 LEVEL 3
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UF94200

DME COMPONENTS - INTERROGATORS (THOMSON)

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DME COMPONENTS

DME ANTENNAE

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 3SD1, 3SD2

LOCATION
ZONE: 121,127

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The DME antenna is of the blade type with a radiating
cavity driven by capacitance coupling.
It is vertically polarized and has an impedance of 50
ohms.
DME and ATC antennae are interchangeable.
TMUDMEF04-T04 LEVEL 3
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UF94200

DME COMPONENTS - ANTENNAE

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-52-00 ATC SYSTEM PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
Principle
Components
TMUATCF08 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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ATC SYSTEM PRESENTATION

PRINCIPLE

The Air Traffic Control (ATC) transponder is an


integral part of the Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon
System (ATCRBS).
The transponder is interrogated by radar pulses
received from the ground station.
It automatically replies by a series of pulses.
These reply pulses are coded to supply identification
(Mode A) and automatic altitude reporting (Mode C) of
the aircraft on the ground controller’s radar scope.
These replies enable the controller to distinguish the
aircraft and to maintain effective ground surveillance
of the air traffic.
The ATC transponder also responds to interrogations
from aircraft equipped with a Traffic Collision
Avoidance System (TCAS) (Mode S).
TMUATCF08-T01 LEVEL 1
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UF94200

ATC SYSTEM PRESENTATION - PRINCIPLE

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ATC SYSTEM PRESENTATION

COMPONENTS

The components are two transponders, four antennae,


and one ATC/TCAS control panel.
Note: The TCAS/ATC control panels shown here after are
given as examples. They may differ according to
the aircraft configuration.
TMUATCF08-T02 LEVEL 1
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ATC SYSTEM PRESENTATION - COMPONENTS

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-52-00 ATC DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

CONTENTS:
General
Control Panel
Transponder
Antennae
Suppressor
ADIRU
FMGC
CFDIU
TCAS
Self Examination
TMUATCA04 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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ATC DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

GENERAL The mode S is also used in collision avoidance (TCAS).

The Air Traffic Control (ATC) system includes: ANTENNAE


- 1 control panel (common to both systems and
TCAS), The ATC antennae transmit replies to interrogations
- 2 transponders, from the ATC ground station. Top and bottom antennae
- 4 antennae. provide the antenna diversity features that allow a
better radar coverage.
CONTROL UNIT The antenna operates in the 960 MHz to 1220 MHz
frequency band with an interrogation frequency of
A single ATC/TCAS control panel enables system 1030 MHz and a reply frequency of 1090 MHz.
selection. It provides the selected transponder with
code and function data and,in return, receives status SUPPRESSOR
data.
The ATC control panel converts selected mode and The ATC, the DME and the TCAS operate in the same
selected code data into digital data and transmits frequency range. A suppressor signal is transmitted,
this data in ARINC 429 format to the selected via a coaxial, by the operating system to inhibit the
transponder. other systems and to prevent simultaneous
The Landing Gear Control and Interface Units (LGCIUs) transmission.
provide a ground/flight signal to the ATC transponder
via the ATC control panel for BITE purposes. ADIRU

TRANSPONDER ADIRU 1 and ADIRU 2 provide barometric altitude to


associated transponders for mode C.
In normal operation, one ATC transponder operates and In case of failure of ADIRU 1 or 2, the pilot can
the other is in standby mode. switch to ADIRU 3 through the AIR DATA selector switch.
The operating mode (A, C or S) of the transponder is
TMUATCA04-T01 LEVEL 3

determined by the decoding of the time between the FMGC


interrogation pulses.
The main function of the mode S transponder is The Flight Management and Guidance Computers (FMGCs)
surveillance. Each transponder has its own and unique provide the flight number.
UF94200

address coded on 24 bits so that every interrogation This data will be transmitted to an ATC ground station
can be directed to a specific aircraft preventing after a mode S interrogation.
multiple replies.

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TMUATCA04-P01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

ATC DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

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ATC DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

CFDIU

The Centralized Fault Display Interface Unit (CFDIU)


allows testing and trouble-shooting of the ATC system
through the Multipurpose Control and Display Units
(MCDUs).
The tests are only available on ground.

TCAS

The Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) allows


individual communications with each TCAS equipped
aircraft through the Mode S transponder.
This enables a coordination of avoidance manoeuvers
by acquisation, at regular intervals, of the relative
altitude and the separation range.
TMUATCA04-T01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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TMUATCA04 LEVEL 3
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SELF EXAMINATION

The ATC transponders and DME transponders are:


A - Connected by ARINC buses to exchange
distance data.
B - Connected by a suppressor coaxial which
transmits an analog signal preventing
simultaneous transmission.
C - Not connected.

If ADIRU 2 fails, is the ATC 2 transponder still


able to operate in altitude reporting mode?
A - Yes, because altitude data is
automatically received from ADIRU 3.
B - Yes, because altitude data will be
recovered after manual switching of the
AIR DATA selection to ADIRU 3.
C - No, ATC 2 will be definitively lost.
TMUATCA04 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-52-00 ATC CONTROL PANEL D/O

CONTENTS:
COLLINS Control Panel
SEXTANT Control Panel
GABLES Control Panel
TMUNAV308 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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ATC CONTROL PANEL D/O

COLLINS CONTROL PANEL There are specific ranges for emergency codes on Mode
A, as for example :
GENERAL - 7700 to 7777 for emergency configuration,
The purpose of this module is to understand the use - 7600 for total failure of radio communication system.
of the various controls of the common ATC/TCAS control
panel. ATC FAIL LIGHT
This FAULT light comes on in case of failure of the
MODE SELECTOR selected transponder.
The mode selector enables the ATC transponder operation The ATC FAIL light also comes on during a functional
mode to be selected. or a lamp test.
- STBY position :
No transmission and the answers of the two transponders NOTE: In case of ATC control panel failure, the
are inhibited (electrically supplied but not transponder continues to transmit the last
operating). displayed code.
- XPDR position :
The answers are transmitted on ground and in flight IDENT PUSHBUTTON
by the selected transponder. When the IDENT pushbutton is pressed in, an additional
- TA-TA/RA-TFC positions : identification pulse is generated in mode A and mode
Enables the selection of the TCAS modes. C replies.
This is to obtain a more precise location of the
NOTE: In STBY or XPDR position the TCAS advisory aircraft.
generation and surveillance functions are
inhibited. 1/2 SELECTOR
This switch enables the selection of the desired active
SELECTOR KNOB ATC system.
The selector knob enables the selection of the ATC When transponder 1 is active, transponder 2 is in
transmission code. standby.
TMUNAV308-T01 LEVEL 2

The code range is 0000 to 7777.


ABOVE/BELOW SWITCHES
CODE DISPLAY WINDOW Used when TCAS system is installed.
The liquid crystal display window shows the selected
UF94200

ATC identification code.

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TMUNAV308-P01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

ATC CONTROL PANEL D/O - COLLINS

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ATC CONTROL PANEL D/O

SEXTANT CONTROL PANEL ALT RPTG SELECTOR


The ALT RPTG selector, when in ON position, enables
GENERAL the altitude transmission for the ATC mode C.
The purpose of this module is to understand the use Selection of the OFF position suppresses the altitude
of the various controls of the common ATC/TCAS control information transmission. The altitude is provided by
unit. ADIRU1 ( For ATC1) or 2 (For ATC2) or ADIRU3 in case
of failure of ADIRU1 or 2.
STBY/AUTO/ON SELECTOR
This selector enables the ATC transponder operation ATC FAIL LIGHT
mode to be selected. This FAULT light comes on in case of failure of the
- STBY position: selected transponder.
Transmission and answers to ground station or other The ATC FAIL light also comes on during a functional
aircraft are inhibited (electrically supplied but not or a lamp test.
operating).
- AUTO POSITION: NOTE: In case of ATC control unit failure, the
In this mode, the transponder only operates in flight transponder continues to transmit the last
except for mode S which also operates on ground. displayed code.
- ON POSITION:
In this position, the transponder operates in flight KEYBOARD
and on ground. The keyboard enables the selection of the ATC
transmission code.
1/2 SELECTOR When pressed in, the CLR key clears the code display
This selector enables the selection of the desired and, when pressed twice, restores the previous code
active ATC system. by the active code.
When transponder 1 is active, transponder 2 is in The code range is from 0000 to 7777.
standby.
TMUNAV308-T02 LEVEL 2
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TMUNAV308-P02 LEVEL 2
UF94200

ATC CONTROL PANEL D/O - SEXTANT

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ATC CONTROL PANEL D/O

GABLES CONTROL PANEL CODE DISPLAY WINDOW


The liquid crystal display window shows the selected
GENERAL ATC identification code and the system in use.
The purpose of this module is to understand the use There are specific ranges for emergency codes on mode
of the various controls of the common ATC/TCAS control A, as for example :
panel. - 7700 to 7777 for emergency configuration.
- 7600 for total failure of radio communication system.
1/2 SELECTOR Fault indications can also be displayed.
This switch enables the selection of the desired active
ATC system. IDENT PUSHBUTTON
When transponder 1 is active, transponder 2 is in When the IDENT pushbutton is pressed in, an additional
standby. identification pulse is generated in mode A and mode
C replies.
XPNDR FAULT LIGHT This is to obtain a more precise location of the
This FAULT light comes on in case of failure of the aircraft.
selected transponder.
The XPNDR FAULT light also comes on during a functional STBY/AUTO/ON MODE SELECTOR
or a lamp test. A mode selector switch enables the ATC transponder
operation mode to be selected.
NOTE: In case of ATC control panel failure, the - STBY position :
transponder continues to transmit the last No transmission and the answers of the two transponders
displayed code. are inhibited (electrically supplied but not
operating).
KEYBOARD - AUTO position :
The keyboard enables the selection of the ATC The answers are transmitted only when the aircraft is
transmission code. in flight.
When pressed in, the CLR key clears the code display - ON position :
TMUNAV308-T03 LEVEL 2

and, when pressed twice restores the previous code by The answers are transmitted on ground and in flight.
the active code.
The code range is 0000 to 7777. OFF-TA-TA/RA MODE SELECTOR
Used when TCAS system is installed.
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TMUNAV308-P03 LEVEL 2
UF94200

ATC CONTROL PANEL D/O - GABLES

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-52-00 ATC COMPONENTS

CONTENTS:
ATC Transponders (Collins)
ATC Transponders (Honeywell)
ATC Antennae
ATC Control Panel (Collins)
ATC Control Panel (Sextant)
ATC Control Panel (Gables)
TMUATCD0J LEVEL 3
UF94200

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ATC COMPONENTS

ATC TRANSPONDERS (COLLINS)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 1SH1, 1SH2

LOCATION
ZONE: 127,128

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The front face of the transponder is fitted with 5
LEDs and a TEST pushbutton.
When the TEST pushbutton is pressed in, the 5 LEDs
come on.
If the test is OK, the LEDs should go off when the
TEST pushbutton is released out.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 electrical
connector.
TMUATCD0J-T01 LEVEL 3
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TMUATCD0J-P01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

ATC COMPONENTS - TRANSPONDERS (COLLINS)

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ATC COMPONENTS

ATC TRANSPONDERS (HONEYWELL)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 1SH1, 1SH2

LOCATION
ZONE: 127,128

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The front face of the transponder is fitted with 6
LEDs, a PUSH TO TEST pushbutton switch and a DATA
LOADER plug.
When the PUSH TO TEST pushbutton is pressed in, the 6
LEDs come on for approximately three seconds.
After three others seconds, the XPDR PASS LED comes
on green if the test is successfuly passed.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 electrical
connector.
TMUATCD0J-T02 LEVEL 3
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TMUATCD0J-P02 LEVEL 3
UF94200

ATC COMPONENTS - TRANSPONDERS (HONEYWELL)

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ATC COMPONENTS

ATC ANTENNAE

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 7SH1, 7SH2, 7SH3, 7SH4

LOCATION
ZONE: 127,128,223,224

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The ATC antenna is of the blade type with a radiating
cavity driven by capacitance coupling.
It is vertically polarized and has an impedance of 50
ohms.
ATC and DME antennae are interchangeable.
TMUATCD0J-T03 LEVEL 3
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UF94200

ATC COMPONENTS - ANTENNAE

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ATC COMPONENTS

ATC CONTROL PANEL (COLLINS)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 3SH

LOCATION
ZONE: 211

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The control panel is composed of two independent
modules, each dedicated to one transponder.
A monitoring function checks that the transmitted data
corresponds to the displayed data.
TMUATCD0J-T04 LEVEL 3
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UF94200

ATC COMPONENTS - CONTROL PANEL (COLLINS)

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ATC COMPONENTS

ATC CONTROL PANEL (SEXTANT)

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 3SH

LOCATION
ZONE: 211

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The control panel is composed of two independent
modules, each dedicated to one transponder.
A monitoring function checks that the transmitted data
corresponds to the displayed data.
TMUATCD0J-T05 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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TMUATCD0J-P05 LEVEL 3
UF94200

ATC COMPONENTS - CONTROL PANEL (SEXTANT)

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ATC COMPONENTS

ATC CONTROL PANEL

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 3SH

LOCATION
ZONE: 211

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The control panel is composed of two independent
modules, each dedicated to one transponder.
A monitoring function checks that the transmitted data
corresponds to the displayed data.
TMUATCD0J-T06 LEVEL 3
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UF94200

ATC COMPONENTS - CONTROL PANEL (GABLES)

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-53-00 ADF SYSTEM PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
Principle
Components
Indicating
TMUADFF01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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ADF SYSTEM PRESENTATION

PRINCIPLE

The Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) is a radio


navigation aid.
The ADF system provides:
- An identification of the relative bearing to
a selected ground station called Non
Directional Beacon (NDB).
- Aural identification of the ground station.
The relative bearing is the angle between the aircraft
heading and the aircraft/ground station axis.
TMUADFF01-T01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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UF94200

ADF SYSTEM PRESENTATION - PRINCIPLE

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ADF SYSTEM PRESENTATION

The combination of signals, received from two loop


antennae and from one omni-directional sense antenna,
provides bearing information.
The ground stations operate in a frequency range of
190 to 1750 Khz.
An additional Morse signal is provided to identify the
selected ground station.
TMUADFF01-T02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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TMUADFF01-P02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

ADF SYSTEM PRESENTATION - PRINCIPLE

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ADF SYSTEM PRESENTATION

COMPONENTS

The Automatic Direction Finder system is composed of


two receivers and two antennae.

The ADF system is also connected to:


- Navigation Displays (ND) and Digital Distance
Radio Magnetic Indicator (DDRMI) for display.
- Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS)
panels for control display.
- Flight Management and Guidance Computer (FMGC)
for auto-tuning.
- Multipurpose Control Display Units (MCDU) for
manual tuning.
- Captain and First Officer Radio Management
Panels (RMP) for back-up tuning.
- Audio Control Panels (ACP) for ADF audio
signal.

Note: ADF 2 system is optional.


TMUADFF01-T03 LEVEL 1
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UF94200

ADF SYSTEM PRESENTATION - COMPONENTS

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ADF SYSTEM PRESENTATION

INDICATING

The Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) system


information can be displayed on the Navigation Displays
(ND) system and on the Digital Distance Radio Magnetic
Indicator (DDRMI).
On the NDs, depending on the position of the ADF
selector switch on the EFIS control panel:
- ADF 1 is represented by a single pointer
- ADF 2 is represented by a double pointer.
On the DDRMI, depending on the position of the ADF
selector switch:
- ADF 1 is represented by a single pointer
- ADF 2 is represented by a double pointer.

Note: Some DDRMIs are not equipped with the ADF


capability.
TMUADFF01-T04 LEVEL 1
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UF94200

ADF SYSTEM PRESENTATION - INDICATING

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-53-00 ADF DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

CONTENTS:
General
Auto Tuning
Manual Tuning
Back Up Tuning
Antennae
LGCIU
Indicating
CFDIU
Self Examination
TMUADFA01 LEVEL 3
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ADF DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

GENERAL BACK UP TUNING

The Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) System includes: In case of dual FMGC failure, the RMPs enable BACK-UP
- 2 Identical ADF receivers, tuning.
- 2 Identical ADF antennae.
ANTENNAE
NOTE: ADF 2 system is optional.
The ADF antenna provides three signals and consists
AUTO TUNING of one sense antenna and two loop antennae called
longitudinal antenna and lateral antenna.
In NDB approach each Flight Management and Guidance The ADF antenna comprises:
Computer (FMGC) automatically tunes its ownside ADF - One pre-amplifier, for each antenna, supplied
receiver through its ownside Radio Management by the ADF receiver in + or - 12 VDC.
Panel(RMP). - A test loop which enables a self test.
With failure of one FMGC, the other FMGC can control The ADF ground stations operate in a frequency range
the two ADF receivers, one directly, the other through of 190 to 1750 KHz divided into two parts:
its Radio Management Panel (RMP). - Non Directional Beacons (NDB):
When the FMGC fails, the ADF receives a discrete 190 to 550 KHz,
through the RMP to automatically select port B. - Standard commercial broadcast AM stations:
550 to 1750 KHz.
MANUAL TUNING
LGCIU
From each Multipurpose Control and Display Unit (MCDU)
both ADFs can be manually tuned through their ownside Each Landing Gear Control Interface Unit (LGCIU) sends
FMGC . discrete signals to the associated ADF receiver.
This Ground/Flight information is used by the receiver
TMUADFA01-T01 LEVEL 3

BITE module to count the flight legs.


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UF94200

ADF DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

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ADF DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

INDICATING

The ADF data is sent to the Navigation Displays (NDs)


through the Display Management Computers (DMCs) and
also to the DDRMI.
The ADF audio signal is processed by the receiver and
sent to the Audio Management Unit (AMU) and can be
heard by the crew.

NOTE: Some DDRMIs are not equipped with the ADF


capability.

CFDIU

The MCDUs allow the systems to be tested and trouble


shooting to be performed via the Centralized Fault
Display Interface Unit (CFDIU).
The tests are only available on ground.
TMUADFA01-T01 LEVEL 3
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UF94200

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SELF EXAMINATION

How are the antenna amplifiers supplied ?


A - By the 28 DC NORM BUS.
B - By the 115 VAC NORM BUS.
C - By + or - 12 VDC through the ADF
Receiver.

If FMGC 1 has failed, is the ADF 1 receiver tuned ?


A - Yes, from the opposite FMGC.
B - Yes, through RMP1.
C - No, ADF 1 cannot be tuned.
TMUADFA01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-53-00 ADF INDICATIONS ON ND

CONTENTS:
ADF Characteristics
ADF Pointers
NDB Pushbutton
Failures
Self Examination
TMUADFB02 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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ADF INDICATIONS ON ND

ADF CHARACTERISTICS POINTERS


Two kinds of green pointer can show the ADF ground
DISPLAY IN ROSE OR ARC MODE station bearings on the heading dial.
When the mode selector is set to ROSE or ARC mode, and - Single green pointer for ADF1
the ADF/VOR selectors are set to ADF, the ADF station - Double green pointer for ADF2
characteristics are displayed in green in the left
lower corner (ADF1) or right lower corner (ADF2) of
the ND.

Note: ADF 2 system is optional


TMUADFB02-T01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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TMUADFB02-P01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

ADF INDICATIONS ON ND

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ADF INDICATIONS ON ND

NDB PUSHBUTTON

In ROSE-NAV and ARC modes, when the Non Directional


Beacon (NDB) pushbutton is selected on the Electronic
Flight Instrument System (EFIS) control panel, magenta
triangle symbols show the ADF ground stations.
TMUADFB02-T02 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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TMUADFB02-P02 LEVEL 2
UF94200

ADF INDICATIONS ON ND

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ADF INDICATIONS ON ND

FAILURES

When a failure occurs, a red flag is displayed in the


left lower corner (ADF1) or right lower corner (ADF2)
on the ND and the corresponding pointer disappear.
TMUADFB02-T03 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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TMUADFB02-P03 LEVEL 2
UF94200

ADF INDICATIONS ON ND

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SELF EXAMINATION

What is displayed in case of Non Computed Data?


A - A RED flag.
B - Dashes in place of identification.
C - The ground station characteristics and
pointer disappear.

What is displayed in case of ADF failure?


A - The pointer symbol and the ADF flag
appear in RED.
B - The ground station characteristics and
pointer disappear and the RED ADF flag
appears.
C - No ADF indications on ND.
TMUADFB02 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION
34-53-00 ADF COMPONENTS

CONTENTS:
ADF Receiver (Collins)
ADF Receiver (Allied)
ADF Antennae
TMUADFD02 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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ADF COMPONENTS

ADF RECEIVER (COLLINS) ADF RECEIVER (ALLIED)

IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 2RP1, 2RP2 FIN: 2RP1, 2RP2

LOCATION LOCATION
ZONE: 127, 128 ZONE: 127, 128

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION COMPONENT DESCRIPTION


The face of the ADF Receiver is fitted with two LEDs The face of the ADF Receiver is fitted with two
and a TEST pushbutton switch. When it is pressed in, momentary pushbutton switches and a Liquid Cristal
the functional test starts. Display (LCD).
If no fault is detected during the test the green LRU The LCD provides user intefaces for test, fault display
STATUS LED comes on. and troubleshooting.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 connector. The front face is also fitted with an RS-232 connector
for interfacing with personnal computers.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 connector.
TMUADFD02-T01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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TMUADFD02-P01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

ADF COMPONENTS - ADF RECEIVERS

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ADF ANTENNAE

IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 3RP1, 3RP2

LOCATION
ZONE: 244, 253

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
It is a combined loop and sense antenna enclosed in a
fiberglass housing.
The omnidirectional sense antenna is vertically
polarized.
The directional loop antennae are horizontally
polarized.
The output impedance of the antenna is 78 ohms.
TMUADFD02-T02 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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TMUADFD02-P02 LEVEL 3
UF94200

ADF COMPONENTS - ADF ANTENNAE

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-55-00 VOR/MARKER SYSTEMS PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
VOR Principle
MKR Principle
Components
VOR Indicating
MKR Indicating
TMUVORG02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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VOR/MARKER SYSTEMS PRESENTATION

VOR PRINCIPLE

The Very high frequency Omni-directional Range(VOR)


system is a medium-range radio navigation aid.
The VOR system receives, decodes and processes bearing
information from the omni-directional ground station
(working frequency range: 108 to 117.95 Mhz)
The ground VOR station generates a reference phase
signal and a variable phase signal.
The phase difference between these signals, called
bearing, is function of the aircraft position with
respect to the ground station.
The bearing is the angle between the Magnetic North
and the ground station/aircraft axis.
Furthermore, the VOR station provides a Morse
identification which identifies the station.
TMUVORG02-T01 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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UF94200

VOR/MARKER SYSTEMS PRESENTATION - VOR PRINCIPLE

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VOR/MARKER SYSTEMS PRESENTATION

MRK PRINCIPLE

The MARKER (MKR) system is a radio navigation aid which


indicates the distance between the aircraft and the
runway threshold.
The MARKER (MKR) system is normally used together with
the ILS system during an ILS approach.
TMUVORG02-T02 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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UF94200

VOR/MARKER SYSTEMS PRESENTATION - MKR PRINCIPLE

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VOR/MARKER SYSTEMS PRESENTATION

COMPONENTS

The VOR and MKR systems are composed of two receivers,


one marker antenna and one dual VOR antenna.
The VOR/MKR system is also connected to:
- Navigation Displays (ND), Primary Flight
Displays (PFD) and VOR/ADF/DME Radio Magnetic
Indicator (VOR/ADF/DME RMI) for display.
- Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS)
panels for control display.
- Flight Management and Guidance Computers (FMGC)
for auto-tuning.
- Multipurpose Control Display Units (MCDU) for
manual tuning.
- Captain and First Officer Radio Management
Panels (RMP) for back-up tuning.
- Audio Control Panels (ACP) for VOR/MKR
audio signal.
TMUVORG02-T03 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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TMUVORG02-P03 LEVEL 1
UF94200

VOR/MARKER SYSTEMS PRESENTATION - COMPONENTS

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VOR/MARKER SYSTEMS PRESENTATION

VOR INDICATING

The indicators show that the aircraft is flying from


the ground station and is on the right,crossing and
then on the left hand side of the course selected by
the pilot.
TMUVORG02-T04 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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TMUVORG02-P04 LEVEL 1
UF94200

VOR/MARKER SYSTEMS PRESENTATION - VOR INDICATING (EXAMPLE)

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VOR/MARKER SYSTEMS PRESENTATION

MKR INDICATING

When the aircraft overflies the Marker, the type of


Marker is display on the PFDs in different colors, and
is indicated by an aural identification.
TMUVORG02-T05 LEVEL 1
UF94200

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UF94200

VOR/MARKER SYSTEMS PRESENTATION - MKR INDICATING

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UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-55-00 VOR/MKR DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

CONTENTS
General
VOR Auto Tuning
VOR Manual Tuning
VOR Back Up Tuning
VOR Antenna
VOR Users
MKR Control
MKR Antenna
AMU
LGCIU
Indicating
CFDIU
Self Examination
TMUVORA01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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VOR/MKR DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

GENERAL VOR BACK UP TUNING

The Very High Frequency Omni-Directional Range (VOR) In case of dual FMGC failure, the RMPs enable BACK-UP
and Marker (MKR) system includes: tuning.
- 2 Identical VOR/MKR receivers (only MKR1 system
is installed on aircraft), VOR ANTENNA
- 1 Dual VOR ANTENNA,
- 1 MKR ANTENNA. The dual VOR antenna receives the signals coming from
the ground stations.
VOR AUTO TUNING The VOR Antenna operates in the 108 to 117.95 Mhz
range.
In normal operation each Flight Management and Guidance
Computer (FMGC) automatically tunes its ownside VOR VOR USERS
receiver through its ownside Radio Management Panel
(RMP) via port A. The VOR data is sent to the FMGCs for aircraft position
With failure of one FMGC, the other FMGC can control computation.
the two VOR/MKR receivers, one directly, the other
through its Radio Management Panel (RMP). MKR CONTROL
When the FMGC fails, the VOR receives a discrete
through the RMP to automatically select port B. The system consists of two identical VOR/MKR receivers
but only MKR one is operative as it is connected to
VOR MANUAL TUNING the MKR antenna.
The MKR system operates at a fixed frequency and does
From each Multipurpose Control and Display Unit (MCDU) not need any control.
both VORs can be manually tuned through their ownside
FMGC . MKR ANTENNA
TMUVORA01-T01 LEVEL 3

The MKR antenna receives MKR signals when the aircraft


flies over the MKR beacons.
The MKR Antenna operates at 75 Mhz.
UF94200

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TMUVORA01-P01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

VOR/MKR DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

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VOR/MKR DESCRIPTION/OPERATION

AMU

The pilot can adjust the volume of the VOR ground


station and MKR beacon identification signals using
the VOR and MKR pushbuttons on the AUDIO CONTROL PANEL
(ACP).
Selected VOR ground station and MKR beacon
identification audio signals are transmitted to Audio
Management Unit (AMU) and then dispatched to the
headsets and/or loudspeakers

LGCIU

Each Landing Gear Control Interface Unit (LGCIU) sends


discrete signals to the associated VOR receiver.
This Ground/Flight information is used by the receiver
BITE module to count the flight legs.

INDICATING

VOR data is sent to the Navigation Displays (ND)


through the Display Management Computers (DMC) and to
the Digital Distance and Radio Magnetic Indicator
(DDRMI).
The MKR data is sent to the Primary Flight Displays
(PFD) through the Display Management Computers (DMC).
TMUVORA01-T01 LEVEL 3

CFDIU

The MCDUs allow the systems to be tested and trouble


shooted via the Centralized Fault Display Interface
UF94200

Unit (CFDIU).
The tests are only available on ground.

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UF94200

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SELF EXAMINATION

To which of the following is the MKR Antenna


connected ?
A - VOR/MKR receiver 2.
B - VOR/MKR receiver 1.
C - VOR/MKR receivers 1 and 2.

If FMGC 2 has failed, is VOR 2 receiver tuned ?


A - Yes, from the opposite FMGC.
B - Yes, from the opposite FMGC but after
switching.
C - No, the VOR 2 cannot be tuned.
TMUVORA01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-55-00 VOR INDICATIONS ON ND

CONTENTS:
VOR Characteristics
Pointers
Course/Lateral Deviation
VOR-D Pushbutton
Failures
Self Examination
TMUVORB01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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VOR INDICATIONS ON ND

VOR CHARACTERISTICS POINTERS

DISPLAY IN ROSE OR ARC MODE DISPLAY IN ROSE AND ARC MODES


When the mode selector is set to ROSE or ARC mode, and Two types of white pointer can show the VOR ground
the ADF/VOR selector is switched to VOR, the VOR station bearings on the heading dial.
station characteristics are displayed in white in the - Single white bearing pointer for VOR 1
left lower corner (VOR 1) or right lower corner (VOR - Double white bearing pointer for VOR 2
2) of the ND.
TMUVORB01-T01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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TMUVORB01-P01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

VOR INDICATIONS ON ND

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VOR INDICATIONS ON ND

COURSE/LATERAL DEVIATION

CONDITIONS OF DISPLAY
Additionally, in ROSE-VOR mode, other information is
displayed on the ND.
TMUVORB01-T02 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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TMUVORB01-P02 LEVEL 2
UF94200

VOR INDICATIONS ON ND

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VOR INDICATIONS ON ND

VOR-D PUSHBUTTON

CONDITIONS OF DISPLAY
In ROSE-NAV and ARC positions, it is possible to show
in magenta the VOR ground stations which are not tuned
nor already included in the flight plan.
TMUVORB01-T03 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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TMUVORB01-P03 LEVEL 2
UF94200

VOR INDICATIONS ON ND

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VOR INDICATIONS ON ND

FAILURES

CONDITIONS OF DISPLAY
Depending on the mode selected on the EFIS control
panel, red flags are displayed.
TMUVORB01-T04 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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TMUVORB01-P04 LEVEL 2
UF94200

VOR INDICATIONS ON ND

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SELF EXAMINATION

In which ND mode is the VOR course deviation


information displayed ?
A - In ROSE-VOR mode.
B - In ROSE-NAV mode.
C - In any mode.

When is the "M" symbol displayed in the VOR


characteristics ?
A - When the VOR is tuned from the MCDU.
B - When the VOR is tuned from the RMP.
C - When a failure occurs.
TMUVORB01 LEVEL 2
UF94200

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34 - NAVIGATION
34-55-00 VOR/MKR COMPONENTS

CONTENTS:
VOR/MKR Receiver (Collins)
VOR/MKR Receiver (Allied)
VOR Antenna
MKR Antenna
TMUVORE03 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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VOR/MKR COMPONENTS

VOR/MKR RECEIVER (COLLINS) VOR/MKR RECEIVER (ALLIED)

IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 3RS1,3RS2 FIN: 3RS1,3RS2

LOCATION LOCATION
ZONE:127,128 ZONE:127,128

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION COMPONENT DESCRIPTION


The face of the VOR/MKR Receiver is fitted with two The face of the VOR/MKR Receiver is fitted with two
LEDs and a TEST pushbutton switch. When it is pressed momentary pushbutton switches and a Liquid Cristal
in, the functional test starts. Display (LCD).
If no fault is detected during the test the green LRU The LCD provides user intefaces for test, fault display
STATUS LED comes on. and troubleshooting.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 connector. The front face is also fitted with an RS-232 connector
for interfacing with personal computers.
The back is fitted with an ARINC 600 connector.
TMUVORE03-T01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

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TMUVORE03-P01 LEVEL 3
UF94200

VOR/MKR COMPONENTS - RECEIVERS

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VOR/MKR COMPONENTS

VOR ANTENNA MKR ANTENNA

IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 4RS FIN: 1RS

LOCATION LOCATION
ZONE: 324 ZONE: 133

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION COMPONENT DESCRIPTION


The dual VOR antenna is located on the top of the tail. The dielectric, foam-filled, polyester fiberglass
It is a small-sized half-wave folded dipole type. housing, fitted with a metal leading edge, protects
The antenna is horizontally polarized and has an against moisture and erosion.
impedance of 50 ohms. The antenna is horizontally polarized and has an
impedance of 50 ohms.
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VOR/MKR COMPONENTS - ANTENNAE

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34 - NAVIGATION
34-00-00 ECAM WARNINGS (EXCEPT ADIRS)

CONTENTS:
General
ILS Fault
PRED W/S Fault
RA Fault
TCAS Fault
GPWS Fault
GPWS TERR DET Fault
GPS Fault
FM/GPS POS DISAGREE
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ECAM WARNINGS

GENERAL

Note: There are no dedicated ECAM pages for the


navigation system.
In case of a NAV FAULT, there will be no system
page called for the corresponding failure.

ILS FAULT

This warning is triggered in case of an ILS1 (or 2 or


ILS1+2) receiver failure (LOC and G/S parts).
In case of failure of one ILS receiver, the landing
capability is limited to CAT1 (CAT1 inoperative when
both receivers have failed).

PRED W/S FAULT

This warning is triggered in case of a detected


windshear fault.

RA FAULT

This warning is triggered in case of an RA1 (or 2 or


RA1+2) failure.
In case of failure of both RAs, the landing capability
is limited to CAT1.
When only one RA has failed, no local warnings are
TMUWARN01-T01 LEVEL 3

shown but CAT3 is inoperative.

TCAS FAULT
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This warning is triggered in case of a TCAS internal


failure.

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ECAM WARNINGS

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ECAM WARNINGS

GPWS FAULT

This warning is triggered in case of a GPWS failure.


Notice the amber FAULT light on the GPWS control panel.

NOTE: In case of ILS1 failure, only mode 5 is inhibited,


consequently the FAULT light does not come on
and the GPWS FAULT message is not triggered.

GPWS TERR DET FAULT

This warning is triggered in case of terrain detection


failure as well as the amber TERR FAULT light on the
GPWS control panel.

GPS FAULT

This warning is triggered in case of a GPS1 (or 2 or


1+2) failure.

FM/GPS POSITION DISAGREE

When latitude or longitude from either GPSSU1 or 2


deviates more than 0.5 Nm the amber NAV FM/GPS POS
DISAGREE is triggered.
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ECAM WARNINGS

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-10-00 ADIRS/CFDS SPECIFIC PAGES


PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
General
ADR SYSTEM TEST
ADR OUTPUT TESTS
ADR GROUND REPORT
ADR INPUT STATUS
IR SYSTEM TEST
IR INTERFACE TEST
IR GROUND REPORT
IR INPUT STATUS
ADR Self Test Values
IR Self Test Values
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ADIRS/CFDS SPECIFIC PAGES PRESENTATION

GENERAL

The tests for ADR 1,2 and 3 are identical and the tests
for IR 1,2 and 3 are also identical.
Therefore, we will only see system 1 for each one.
Remember that the ADR and IR are Type 1 systems.

ADR SYSTEM TEST

The activation of the SYSTEM TEST allows the power-up


test and the continuous BITE test resident in the ADIRU
to be repeated (check of the system integrity after
an ADIRU replacement).
When a fault is detected by the system, during the
test, the failure data will be listed on the MCDU in
the same way as trouble shooting data page (HEX
coding).
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ADIRS/CFDS SPECIFIC PAGES PRESENTATION

ADR OUTPUT TESTS

1.SLEW TESTS
- ALT DYNAMIC SLEW test
The activation of the ALT DYNAMIC SLEW test causes the
ADR to output a simulated ramp of altitude (Label 203).
The low and the high altitude limits, as well as the
slew rate, are specified by the operator.
The altitude increasing or decreasing is visualized
on the PFD.
The test is inhibited if TAS > 100 kts.
- CAS DYNAMIC SLEW test
The activation of the CAS DYNAMIC SLEW test causes the
ADR to output a simulated ramp of Computed Air Speed
(Label 206).
The low and the high speed limits, as well as the slew
rate, are specified by the operator.
The speed increasing or decreasing is visualized by
the operator on the PFD.
The test is inhibited if TAS > 100 Kts.
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ADR OUTPUT TESTS (CONT)

2.INTERFACE TESTS
When the test input command to the ADIRU is activated,
a sequence is initiated which simulates an actual
flight state of the ADIRU.
The ADR will provide calibrated test values to the
instruments.
This checks the computer, the transmission and the
display of the air data parameters.
Test sequence:
-0 to 5 seconds: failure warning mode tested (see
tables).
-5 to 10 seconds: Altitude Ramp test (rate of 600
ft/mn).
-10 seconds until test completion: fixed output test
values.
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ADR OUTPUT TESTS (CONT)

3.AOA SENSOR TESTS


The activation of the AOA SENSOR TEST causes the
AOA sensor to be commanded to a fixed position (40
degrees) greater than the stall warning threshold
thus, the Flight Warning Computer activates the
aural STALL warning and the cricket sound.

ADR GROUND REPORT

When the GROUND REPORT line select key is pressed in,


it reports all internal faults detected since the last
landing.
When a fault is detected by the system, during the
test, the failure data will be listed on the MCDU in
the same way as trouble shooting data page (HEX
coding).
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ADR INPUT STATUS

When the INPUT STATUS line select key is pressed in,


it describes the current state/value of the selected
ADR inputs (discrete, analog and ARINC inputs).
Example on the INPUT STATUS page 2/8:
- WMO/MMO DISC 1 OPEN
- WMO/MMO DISC 2 GND
- WMO/MMO DISC 3 OPEN
- WMO/MMO DISC 4 OPEN
When no discrete is in the ground state (open), the
ADR uses the BASIC LAW values for WMO/MMO (350 Kts,
0.82M).
Only one of the four WMO/MMO program discretes can be
in the ground state at any one time.
Ex: The WMO/MMO DISC 2 is available and is provided
by the L/G DOWN WMO/MMO SELECTION switch (22FP).
The normal position of this switch is open and it
is grounded after crew action for particular
flights (ex: ferry flight).
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IR SYSTEM TEST

When the SYSTEM TEST line select key is pressed in, a


complete test of the IR system is activated (power-up
and continuous BITE tests).
When a fault is detected by the system, during the
test, the failure data will be listed on the MCDU in
the same way as trouble shooting data page (HEX
coding).
NOTE: A lockout display is presented in case of a
disagreement between ground information from
CFDIU and ADIRU when the TEST mode is addressed
(with TAS or Inertial GS > or = 100 Kts).
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IR INTERFACE TEST

When the test input command to the ADIRU is


activated, a sequence is initiated which simulates
an actual flight state of the ADIRU.
The IR will provide calibrated test values to the
instruments.
This checks the computer, the transmission and the
display of inertial reference parameters.
The test mode is inhibited whenever any of the
following conditions exist:
- Ground speed > or = 20 Kts
- IR in ATT mode.
Test sequence:
- 0 to 2 seconds: Output set to functional test,
annunciator discretes energized (see table).
- After 2 seconds: Output set to functional
test, annunciator discretes released to
normal status (see table).
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IR GROUND REPORT

When the GROUND REPORT line select key is pressed in,


it reports all internal faults detected since the last
landing.
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IR INPUTS STATUS

When the INPUT STATUS line select key is pressed in,


it describes the current state of the selected IR
inputs (discrete, analog and ARINC inputs).
Example on the INPUT STATUS page 4/6, ARINC input value
from the Control Display Unit (CDU):
- The SET LAT, SET LONG and SET HEADING
displayed values are copies of data
received from each of the listed signal
sources (here the CDU).
The latitude and the longitude inputs are
processed during the ALIGN mode, the
heading input is processed during the ATT
mode.
These displayed data are latched as display
values until new valid source data is
received from each signal source.
In case of invalid inputs dashes (-----)
are displayed.
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IR SELF TEST VALUES (1/2)

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IR SELF TEST VALUES (2/2)

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34 - NAVIGATION

34-42-00 RADIO ALTIMETER/CFDS SPECIFIC


PAGE PRESENTATION

CONTENTS:
General
LRRA ARINC Test
LRRA RAMP Test
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RADIO ALTIMETER/CFDS SPECIFIC PAGE PRESENTATION

GENERAL NOTE: The REPLAY line key restarts the test.


The CONTINUE line key continues the RAMP TEST
The RA is a type 1 system. if it was interrupted before the end.
The RA system is not available in CFDS back-up mode.

LRRA ARINC TEST

During the ARINC TEST, an integrity test is performed,


the antena circuit and the CFDIU input data are tested.
This test is performed after a Removal/Installation
of a Radio Altimeter antenna or transceiver.
During the test (0.8 second), observe the following
indications on the CAPT PFD:
- the bottom sector line moves down from the
horizon line.
- the radio altitude value indicates 40 ft.
If no failure, at the end of the test, NO FAILURE
DETECTED message appears on the MCDU.

LRRA RAMP TEST

The RAMP TEST tests the complete Radio Altimetric


chain.
A start altitude, a stop altitude and a slope must be
entered prior to triggering the test.
Then, the line key adjacent to TRIGGER has to be
pressed.
TMURADE02-T01 LEVEL 3

Observe on the CAPT PFD that:


- Radio Altitude starts from the entered value,
0 ft in this example, then increases at a
constant rate of 25 ft/s until reaching the
UF94200

Stop Altitude of 2500 ft. Also notice the


movement of the red ribbon and the lower line
of the attitude sphere on the PFD.

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