Physics: Moyin Sir

Moyin Sir
Write your name here

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Physics Moyin Sir

Paper: 2P
Friday 15 June 2018 – Morning Paper Reference
Time: 1 hour 4PH0/2PR

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• centre
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Answer allthequestions.
Answer
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more space than you need.
• Show all steps in any calculations and state the units.
• your mind
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and then mark
your new answer with a cross .
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• The total mark for this paper is 60.
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Turn over
Moyin Sir

EQUATIONS
You may find the following equations useful.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

energy transferred = current × voltage × time E=I×V×t
pressure × volume = constant p1 × V1 = p2 × V2
1 1
frequency = f =
time period T
work done W
power = P=
time taken t
energy transferred W
power = P=
time taken t
2π × orbital radius 2× π× r
orbital speed = v=
time period T

pressure p1 p2
= constant =
temperature T1 T2
change in momentum
force =
time taken
Where necessary, assume the acceleration of free fall, g = 10 m/s2.

2
*P53311A0216*
Moyin Sir

Answer ALL questions.

1 The passage is about static electricity.
Use words from the box to complete the passage.

Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
(4)
atoms attract electrons friction
negatively positively protons repel
A student combs her hair with a plastic comb. Her hair and the comb become charged.
This happens because of the . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................................................. between her hair

and the comb. The comb becomes positively charged so her hair becomes
....................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... charged.
The student’s hair sticks out because like charges ............................................................................................. .
When the student moves the comb through her hair, she can hear a crackling sound.
This is caused by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................. transferring from the comb to her hair.
(Total for Question 1 = 4 marks)

3
*P53311A0316* Turn over
Moyin Sir

2 The photograph shows a machine used to crush metal cans.

motor
crusher bar
crushed
metal cans

A metal can is placed under the crusher bar.
The motor pushes the crusher bar downwards.
The diagram shows what happens when a metal can is crushed.
275 kN force
crusher bar
275 kN force
metal can 16.3 cm

crusher bar
0.8 cm
before after

4
*P53311A0416*
Moyin Sir

(a) State the equation linking work done, force and distance moved in the direction
of the force.
(1)
(b) Calculate the work done on the metal can by the force.
Give the unit.
(3)
work done = ............................................... unit ................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


5
Moyin Sir

3 (a) Control rods and moderators are important parts of nuclear reactors.
Draw straight lines linking each part of the reactor with its correct function.

(2)
Part of reactor Function
releases neutrons
control rod cools neutrons
moderator slows neutrons

absorbs neutrons
(b) Describe the process of nuclear fission.

(4)
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6
*P53311A0616*
Moyin Sir

4 A student investigates magnetic fields.

(a) He places a bar magnet into a tray of steel pins, and then removes the magnet.
The diagram shows the magnet after it has been removed from the tray.
N S
pin Y
pin X
(i) Explain why pin X is attached to pin Y.

(2)
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(ii) Write a conclusion for the student’s investigation.

(2)
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(iii) The student repeats his investigation, using soft iron pins instead of steel pins.
State what difference the student would observe.
(1)
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7
Moyin Sir

(b) The student then uses an electromagnet made from an insulated coil of wire
wound around a soft iron core to investigate this prediction.

The strength of an electromagnet increases with the current in the coil.
(i) Explain which is the independent variable in his investigation.
(2)
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(ii) Name two control variables in his investigation.

(2)
1.............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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8
*P53311A0816*
Moyin Sir

(iii) Describe a method that the student could use to perform this investigation.
You should include a circuit diagram.
(6)
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9
Moyin Sir

5 A space probe was launched in 2007.
Its mission was to visit Ceres, a distant dwarf planet in the asteroid belt.

(a) The space probe sends data back to Earth as a radio wave.
The sketch graph shows how the radio wave changes as the radio wave travels
in free space towards the Earth.

distance travelled
(i) State what happens to the amplitude, wavelength and speed of the radio wave
as it travels in free space towards the Earth.
(3)
amplitude ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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wavelength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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speed ............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
*P53311A01016*
Moyin Sir

(ii) When the probe was near Ceres, it was difficult to steer the probe by remote control
from Earth.
Why was it difficult to steer the probe by remote control?

(1)
A there was a time delay for signals travelling to the probe from Earth
B the distance between the asteroid and the Sun changed
C there was a reduced gravitational pull of the Earth on the probe
D the small size of the asteroid made the probe weightless
(iii) The radio signals sent to the probe are digital.

Which row of the table gives a correct comparison of digital radio signals
with analogue radio signals?
(1)
Digital radio signals Analogue radio signals

A travel faster easier to remove noise

B travel faster harder to remove noise
C travel at the same speed harder to remove noise
D travel at the same speed easier to remove noise
(iv) Which of these is a digital signal?

(1)
B
11
Moyin Sir

(b) The space probe has some solar cells to provide electrical energy.
The total area of the solar cells is 36.4 m2.

When the space probe is near Earth, each 1.0 m2 of solar cell generates 0.275 kW.
Calculate the electrical power generated by these solar cells.
(2)
electrical power = ........................................... . . . . kW
(c) The probe is propelled by an ion thruster which produces a force of 91 mN.
Calculate the change in momentum that this force produces in 25 minutes.
(3)

change in momentum = ............................................... kg m / s

12
*P53311A01216*
Moyin Sir

6 The diagram shows a simple generator.
coil of wire
direction of rotation
N S
slip rings
axle contacts
The coil of wire rotates at a constant rate.

When the coil of wire rotates, a voltage can be measured across the contacts.
Use the grid to sketch how the measured voltage varies as the coil of wire rotates.
(4)
voltage
time

13
Moyin Sir

7 The photograph shows a fruit seller using a yard-arm to weigh fruit.

The yard-arm consists of a steel bar about 1 m long, with a basket at one end and
a moveable weight at the other end.
It is held up by a hook which is fixed to the bar close to the basket.
The diagram shows a yard-arm being used to find the weight of five bananas.

hook
steel bar
moveable
weight not to
scale
basket of
bananas

(a) Draw an X on the diagram to show the pivot point.

(1)
(b) State the principle of moments.
(1)
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14
*P53311A01416*
Moyin Sir

(c) The support for the basket is 14.1 cm from the pivot.
The moveable weight is 84.6 cm from the pivot and weighs 1.25 N.
Calculate the weight of the five bananas.

[ignore weight of steel rod and basket]
(3)
weight of five bananas = ...................................................... . . . . . . . . N

(d) Calculate the mass in grams of one banana.
(3)
mass of one banana= ..................................................... . . . . . . . . . g

(e) Suggest two ways that the fruit seller could alter his yard-arm so that he could
measure larger weights.
(2)
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TURN OVER FOR QUESTION 8

15
Moyin Sir

8 Electromagnetic radiation can affect the human body.
Discuss how excessive exposure to electromagnetic radiation may cause damage to

the human body.
Refer to the different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum in your answer.
(6)
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TOTAL FOR PAPER = 60 MARKS
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Friday 15 June 2018 – Morning Paper Reference

Time: 1 hour 4PH0/2PR

You may find the following equations useful.

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pressure × volume = constant p1 × V1 = p2 × V2

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Where necessary, assume the acceleration of free fall, g = 10 m/s2.

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Answer ALL questions.

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Use words from the box to complete the passage.

This happens because of the . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................................................. between her hair

....................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... charged.

The student’s hair sticks out because like charges ............................................................................................. .

This is caused by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................. transferring from the comb to her hair.

(Total for Question 1 = 4 marks)

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metal can 16.3 cm

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work done = ............................................... unit ................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 2 = 4 marks)

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Part of reactor Function

control rod cools neutrons

moderator slows neutrons

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(b) Describe the process of nuclear fission.

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(Total for Question 3 = 6 marks)

4 A student investigates magnetic fields.

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(i) Explain why pin X is attached to pin Y.

(ii) Write a conclusion for the student’s investigation.

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(ii) Name two control variables in his investigation.

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(Total for Question 4 = 15 marks)

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Why was it difficult to steer the probe by remote control?

(iii) The radio signals sent to the probe are digital.

Digital radio signals Analogue radio signals

A travel faster easier to remove noise

(iv) Which of these is a digital signal?