TANDABUI INSTITUTE OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY

RESEARCH PROPOSAL

TITTLE

ASSESSMENT ON KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS LOW BIRTH

WEIGHT AMONG WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE A CASE OF BUZURUGA
HEALTH CENTER IN MWANZA IN ILEMELA MUNICIPALITY

CANDIDATE NO: TH/NMT/L6/21B/025.

AUTHOR: ZOGWE KAMUGA KALABA.

SUPERVISOR: SIR. ISAYA MAOMBI.

2022

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 ABSTRACT

The study on assessing knowledge and attitude towards low birth weight among women of
reproductive age at buzuruga health center in Ilemela municipality.Low birth weight (LBW) is
an important indicator of newborn survival. It is associated with higher risk of morbidity,
mortality, and long term health consequences. Little has been done on incidence and recurrence
risk of LBW in developing countries including Tanzania ;hence LBW is defined as the newborn
weight at birth less than 2500 grams regardless of gestation age.

Specifically, the study will focus to; i) Assess the factors contributing to low birth weight among
women of reproductive age ii) To determine the ways of preventing low birth weight among
women of reproductive age women iii) To investigate the availability and accessibility of
services to pregnant women.

Methods that will be applied by a researcher in the field will include observation and interview
that will be used to acquire both primary and secondary data in the study area. Tools to be
applied will include self-administered questionnaire, checklist and note book. A total of 13
mothers and 2 Key Informants will be studied in the field using questionnaire and checklist. Data
will be processed and analyzed using calculator and MS Word into required information.

The study findings will be shown at the end after the research conducted where the conclusion
and recommendation will be given basing on the field findings by a researcher in the study area.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I sincerely thank the Almighty God who protected me and gave me strength throughout my study
preparation, during research undertaking, compiling until submitting this dissertation to the
Tandabui Institute of Health Sciences and Technology.

I give my sincere appreciation to Tandabui Institute of Health Science &Technology for the
knowledge and skills they have impacted in me as a student. I know it is their effort that has
made me to be all that I would be, and I would like to share with them the success I have found
in my studies with them.

My heartfelt appreciation goes to my research supervisor Mr. Mathias Robert, A Tutor at

TIHEST who tirelessly continued to guide and provide me with very useful feedback at various
stages in preparing this Research Report. Additionally, I would also like to appreciate Mr. Frank
Sanyiwa, Sir Kilela and the HOD Madam E. Nyakiha for their tireless effort and continued trust
in me, which have contribute a lot in reaching this stage.

Lastly, I would like to give my special thanks to my Family their honest support throughout in
my studies. And finally my special thanks goes to my beloved friends and class mates Miss
Jefrida Manase, Thomas Ephraim, Zogwe kamuga, and Nicola margwe for their cooperation and
encouragement until accomplishing this research Proposal.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

4
LIST OF APPENDICES

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
LBW : low birth weight

VLBW : very low birth weight

ELBW : extremely low birth weight

PROM : pre rupture of membrane

NCDs : non communicable diseases

IUGR : intrauterine growth restriction

ANC : antenatal clinic

BHC : Buzuruga health center

RCH : reproductive children health

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 DEFINITION OF TERMS
LBW : is a baby born with weight less than 2500g regardless of gestation age.

ELBW : is the baby born with weight less 1000g regardless of gestation age

VLBW: is the baby born with weight less than 1500g regardless of gestation age

PROM : is the early rupture of membrane before 18 hours of delivery

IUGR: is a rate of fetal growth that is less than normal for the population and for the
growth potential of a specific baby.

Neonate: refers to a new born baby especially one that is less than one month (WHO,
2014).

Antenatal : during or relating to pregnancy

Morbidity : Rate of spread of infection

Mortality : Number of death in the population NEONATAL New born baby under
one month.

Antibiotics : A group of drugs used to destroy or inhibit the growth of micro-

organisms

Bacteria : A group of micro-organisms that can cause infection

ENVIRONMENT : is a surrounding which influence or affect organism that cause

infection to the pregnant mothers which can lead to deliver babies with low birth weight.

PATHOGENIC : a disease causing organisms which can cause infection to pregnant

mother as the result lead them to deliver babies with low birth weight.

Exclusive breastfeeding : refers to when infants are not given any other food or liquid
including water during the first six months after delivery (WHO, 2015)

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 CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background Information

Low birth weight (LBW) is an important indicator of newborn survival. It is associated with
higher risk of morbidity, mortality, and long term health consequences. Little has been done on
incidence and recurrence risk of LBW in developing countries including Tanzania. This study
aimed to determine the incidence and recurrence risk of LBW among women of Buzuruga health
center in Mwanza Region in Tanzania.
The study done by World Health Organization (2015) explained that, Low birth weight
constitutes a major public health problem worldwide, and is one of the determinants of neonatal
and infant death. According to LBW baby is referred as infants born with weight of less than
2500 grams. They are classified into two groups depending on their weight: very low birth
weight (VLBW), (newborns weighing 500 to 1499 grams), and moderately low birth weight
(MLBW), (newborns weighing 1500 to 2499 grams. Low birth weight is a result of preterm
birth, impaired fetal growth (intrauterine growth restriction), or a combination of both
pathophysiologic conditions. Preterm birth refers to cases when the gestational age of the fetus is
less than 37 weeks; intrauterine growth restriction refers to cases of birth weight below the 10th
percentile for gestational age. Preterm birth is considered to be more important in affecting infant
mortality rates.
The study done by World Health Organization (2015) Studies in sub saran country showed that
LBW affects children’s health even beyond their first year of life. The most common medical
conditions found in LBW children after the first year of life are asthma, upper and lower
respiratory infections, and ear infections.
The study done by Hack, M., Weissman, B., Breslau, N., et al. 2013; in their Journal of
Pediatrics Health of very low birth weight explained that, “compared to the children born with a
normal birth weight, the LBW children are more often hospitalized for different medical
conditions and surgeries related to adenoids, tonsils, and orthopedic problems.

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1.2 Problem Statement

Low Birth Weight (LBW) Is one among the causes of morbidity and mortality to children most
in their first year of life, after this age and even in their entire life. This study aims on assessing
the knowledge and attitude of mothers towards factors contributing to low birth weight because
of increasing infant morbidity and mortality rate to community at Buzuruga health center in
mwanza regional.

LBW is defined as the newborn weight at birth less than 2500 grams regardless of gestation age.
It is an important indicator for newborn survival. LBW may result from prematurity or
intrauterine growth retardation or both. It has estimated that 15% to 20% of all births worldwide
are low birth weight, which corresponds to more than 20 million births a year.

Numerous factors have been associated with increased risk of LBW. These include preeclampsia,
eclampsia , placental abruption and placenta Previa , also pre mature rupture of membrane ,
maternal illness during pregnancy , high parity, low maternal education , poor nutrition, smoking
during pregnancy, low maternal body index (BMI) ,inadequate prenatal attendance and medical
condition such us HIV positive status of the mother and maternal anemia, environmental factors
as well as genetic factors like history of mother having been born with LBW and history of
LBW in prior pregnancies.

The risk of LBW has been reported to recur between pregnancies. Women with previous history
of LBW have reported as potential carriers of the recurrent risk and tend to have higher
recurrence risk of LBW in their subsequent pregnancy compared to those who had a previous
normal birth weight baby, Understanding the recurrence risk of LBW and associated factors may
help to design a focused intervention for groups of mothers at high risk of LBW recurrence. This
study aimed to determine the incidence and recurrence risk of LBW among women at Buzuruga
health center in mwanza regional Tanzania.

1.3 Significance Of The Study

This study will provide information on how these contributing factors can be prevented. Further
recommendation from the finding will be useful in designing effective intervention strategies of
low birth weight prevention to pregnant women.
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Also, this study is used as the source of information from the community for those who are
intended to do the research relating to the factors contributing to Low Birth Weight.

1.3 Research Objectives

1.3.1. Broad Objectives

The goal of this study is to assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers attending at buzuruga
health center RCH toward the factors contributing to LBW babies.
1.3.2. Specific Objectives
i) To explore the knowledge of the mothers attending to buzuruga health center RCH on the
factors contributing to Low Birth Weight.
ii) To assess the attitude of the mothers attending to buzuruga RCH on the factors contributing
to Low Birth Weight.
iii)
1.4 Research Questions.

i) Are the mothers have knowledge on the factors contributing to LBW?

ii) What are the contributing factors cause to low birth weight to pregnant women?
iii) Are the mothers have attitude toward the factors contributing to LBW?
iv) what measures should be taken to prevent low birth weight to pregnancy mother at
buzuruga health center?

1.5 Research Hypothesis

i) Mothers with the knowledge on factors contributing to LBW has low risk of having low
birth weight babies.
ii) Positive attitudes toward factors contributing to LBW is a means for increasing awareness
and prevention to low birth weight babies.

1.6 Purpose Of The Study.

The aim of this study is to provide health personnel with evidence based, up-to-date information
about the knowledge of the mothers on factors contributing to LBW in situations that are likely
to be encountered in medical facilities and training health providers on the

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Factors contributing to LBW and identifying Attitudes of women toward factors contributing to
LBW that can improve measures to be taken to reduce the incidence of LBW cases.
1.7 Rationale Of This Study

The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of mothers at Buzuga RCH on the factors
contributing to Low Birth Weight and their attitude.

The finding of this study are used to the health care providers to generate a plan on Health
promotion and Education provision to the society concerning the factors contributing to LBW
hence it may reduce its incidence and to minimize the number of morbidity and mortality
association with LBW among infants.

1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study will be conducted in small geographical area, hence limiting the study findings
Additionally the time of conducting research project will not be enough and a limited sample
size only 25 respondents which would be inadequate due to time factor

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CHAPTER TWO: 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.2Theoretical and empirical review

The complications of low birth weight has become a large cause of increased child morbidity
and mortality rate around the world. : The Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (2008) reported
that,The LBW was the second main causes of early neonatal mortality in Indonesia, after
respiratory disorders. Also theLopez, N.B. and Choonara, I. (2010)reported that, LBW
contributes to growth impairment and poor cognitive development. Infant of LBW has
potential to develop chronic diseases later in life. Low birth weight is now known to be
associated with increased rates of coronary heart disease and the related disorders, stroke,
hypertension and adult-onset diabetes. The factors contributing to LBW has been widely
discussed in different studies which reveal the different results with different ideas on knowledge
to the community specially to mothers of reproductive ages.

2.3. GLOBALLY

The study done by Yadav, H. and Lee, N. (2013) conducted a research in one hospital in
Malaysia he explained that ‘there is the association of older age (35 years and above), low pre-

12
pregnancy BMI (<20 Kg/m2), parity of 4 and above, Indian origin, economically under
privileged, and abnormal blood pressure as risk factors associated with low birth weight’.
The study done by Lopez, N.B. and Choonara, I. (2010) conducted a study at Primary Health
Center of North Karnataka he explained that the younger age group is at risk of having LBW
babies compared to older age group and this finding is consistent with other studies.
The study done by Rakesh, K.N., Chandra, S.M., Maheshwar, D.M. and Vijaya, A.N. (2013)
conducted a research in Malaysia on the factors contributing to LBW and revealed that Maternal
age was found significantly associated with low birth weight infants. in a study conducted
byMirzarahimi etal (2010) in Ardabil Province, the most important risk factors for LBW in the
region were premature or gestational age less than 37 weeks, pluriparity, premature rupture of
the amniotic membranes, maternal age over 35 years, mother’s weight less than 50 kg, and the
mother's diseases.
2.4 IN SUBSAHARAN-AFRICA.

The study conducted by ZayghamiS.N. (2011) in Kohkiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad Province found
that as the interval between pregnancies increases, the risk of LBW babies’ decreases. In the
study done by Pakniat et al (2012), at Atulomah low weight was found related with abnormal
BMI, abnormal weight, and preterm delivery. In Viengsakhone et al, show that mothers with
inadequate levels of knowledge about healthy pregnancy practices and mothers who lacked
proper nutritional habits were greater risks of LBW. By the study done by Amosu AM,
Atulomah NOS (2011) in Nigeria and explained that, Maternal age was found to significantly
affect LBW, with pregnant women within the age group of 14-18 having the greatest risk. Low
maternal age has been associated with LBW in previous studies. Teenage pregnancies are known
to be associated with poverty and lack of good education, factors which have also been reported
to significantly affect the prevalence of LBW. The study conducted by Oladeinde HB,
Oladeinde OB, Omoregia (2015) in their study in Nigeria and explained that; single pregnant
women had a 1-3 fold increased risk of delivering LBW neonates. Lack of socio- economic
support may be responsible for this observation. Even among married pregnant women, LBW
was significantly affected by polygamy. Polygamy may increase poverty by forcing pregnant
women to share limited resources. This in turn could lead to malnutrition, disease spread, which
affects delivery of LBW. Maternal height was a significant risk factor for delivery of LBW.
2.5 IN EAST AFRICA.

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The study done by Mbonye, M. K. (2010), on his study in Uganda explained that, Attendance of
antenatal care (ANC) was found to have a significant association with low birth weight
prevalence, almost half of the mothers who did not attend ANC clinic delivered low birth weight
babies. The study done by Migwi Pail Mutugi (2010) in Narok District Hospital, Kenya and the
findings of His study show significant independent association between neonatal low birth
weight and weight of the mother, heavier mothers being less likely to deliver low birth weight
infants.

2.6 IN TANZANIA.

The study done by Kiula N.S, Ondimu K.N, Mironga J.M (2014), in Singida and the study
findings shows that there different factors contributing to low birth weight which include:
residence, source of income, maternal malaria, parity, mother's education level, marital status,
source of water, type of toilet used, access to mosquito net, STDs infections, violence exposure,
alcohol consumption, energy for cooking and a number of antenatal care visits, have a strong
influence on birth weight of infants. The study done by Tanzania Journal of Health Research
(2010), at KCMC and they explained that, Antenatal care had a strong influence on birth weight.
It means that pregnant women who did not attend antenatal care service had high risk of their
neonates to fall in the LBW group as compared with of those who attended frequently. Also they
explained that Low birth weights were significantly associated with low maternal body mass
index as a result of low body weight in relation to height of women, LBW was significantly
affected by polygamy. Polygamy may increase poverty by forcing pregnant women to share
limited resources. This in turn could lead to malnutrition, disease spread, which affects delivery
of LBW. Maternal height was a significant risk factor for delivery of LBW.

2.7 THEORETICAL FLAMEWORK

My study will be guided by DELEMAINE LEININGERMODEL OF CULTURE CARE

DIVERSITY AND UNIVERSALITY THEORY.

She proposed the following assumptions:

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  care is essential for growth, development, survival, and to face death;

 care is essential to curing and healing, for there can be no curing without caring;

 types, models and processes of care are different among all cultures of the world;

 every human culture has lay (folk) care knowledge and practices and usually some
professional care;

 cultural care values and beliefs are embedded in religious, family, social, political,
cultural (economic and historical) context;

 beneficial nursing care can only occur when culture care values, expressions or patterns
are known and used appropriately;

 beneficial nursing understands differences between professional caregivers' and clients'

expectations;

 culturally diverse and universal care is necessary for health and well-being of people,
which is the goal of nurses worldwide;

 Nursing is a transcultural discipline and profession with the central purpose to

Serve human beings.
I have decided to use this theorist because, M. Feininger in her model she explained on the
Nursing role on patient care and the role of culture on community health and wellbeing. She said
that “The goal of nursing is to provide culture-specific and universal nursing care practices in
promoting health or well-being or to help people to face unfavorable human conditions, illness,
or death in culturally meaningful ways’’.
My study aims at the knowledge on the factors contributing to low birth weight. Lininger
expressed the social cultural factors as a beam of light that have seven important factors which
both have great influence on individual. She presented factors such as (technological, religious
and philosophical, political and legal, economic, educational and family factors, cultural values,
lifestyle), which in real they do combine all the factors that contribute to low birth weight.

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 CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction

Factors contributing to LBW to pregnancy women are needed to expand the knowledge and applicable
strategies for prevention to be developed. This section will be elaborate more where this research will
be conducted area, design populations, sampling procedure, data collection and its managements.

3.2 STUDY AREA/SETTING

Study area will be conducting at Buzuruga H/C

3.3RESEARCH DESIGN

The research design for this research will be descriptive cross-section as it will have conducted at
one point in time and will describe the phenomena in a real life situation

3.4 STUDY POPULATION

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All pregnancy women during the period of the study will be involved or included in the study and only 25
pregnancy woman will be involved who are reproductive age at Buzuruga H/C.

3.5 SAMPLING DESIGN

In sampling design, the sampling frame, sample size, and sampling method were identified as follows.

3.6 SAMPLING FRAME

Sampling frame will involve a list of all pregnant women aged 18-40 years will be chosen

3.7 SAMPLE SIZE:

The sample size of 25 respondents and 2 official respondents will be selected from the population of the
people in the study area the sample size of 25 people will be select by researcher due to time
constraints and the availability of the selected respondents

3.8SAMPLING METHODS

Sampling technique refers to the specific method, design, approach, or strategy that a research
decide to use to select a sample from the larger population.

Simple random sampling technique will be used to select the participants of the research
questions where every woman who is reproductive age in the population will have an
opportunity to be selected as a sample.

3.9 PILOT STUDY

The testing will be conducted to two responds; this will help the researcher to understand
whether the questions are clear and will give intended responses

3.10 DATA COLLECTION METHODS

Both primary and secondary data will be collected from who are pregnancy women available in
the study area the following method will be used

3.11 INTERVIEW

Both quantitative and qualitative data will be used in the data collection. Personal interview will be used
to obtain data will be asked from the respondents.

3.12 QUESTIONNAIRES

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The tool was used for data collection while conducting interviews to the respondents. both closed and
open ended questions were designed in questionnaire to collect data from the respondents.

3.13 EXCLUSIVE CRITERIA

-A woman who is reproductive age at BUZURUGA H/C and are not willing to participate in the
study.

-All woman who is reproductive age at BUZURUGA H/C who has disability of hearing and
speaking.

3.14 INCLUSIVE CRITERIA

-A woman who is reproductive age at Buzuruga H/C and are willing to participate in the
study.

Dependent variable

 -Assessment of knowledge on the factors that contributing to low birth weight to a

woman at buzuruga H/C (Community)

Independent variables

 Poor nutrition status due to insufficient dietary intake.

 Lack of education on the factors contributing to the low birth weight

 Poor attendance at ANC clinic

 Smoking and consumption of alcoholism

 Short pregnancy interval.

3.15 DISSEMINATION OF FINDING

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After completion of the study results will be disseminated. One copy to school library and
another copy to Buzuruga health center Office.

3.16 DATA ANALYSIS

Data will be sorted out, edited, coded and classified then entered into the computer for analysis
by using Microsoft Office Excel, and Epic-info.

3.17 ETHICAL CONSIDERATION

Permission will be sought from Tandabui the institute of health and allied sciences to the nursing
departments and buzuruga H/C Leaders department and written consent will be sought from each
respondent including woman who will be taken as a sample.

3.18 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

Time and resources will not be enough to adequately carry out the research study,

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4.0 RESEARCH WORK PLAN AND BUDGET

4.1RESEARCH WORK PLAN

Is a plan that describes time and the activities that will be done to answer research questions and
achieve research objective. The table below show the research work plan of the study.

Table 1. RESEARCH WORK PLAN.

TASK TO BE TIME FRAME

CARRIED OUT WORK
FEB 2022 FEB 2022 FEB 2022 FEB 2022
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

Proposal writing

Data collection

Data analysis

Report
submission

Key; the colored Boxes indicates the time when task will be done

4.2RESEARCH BUDGET

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Is a financial plan which indicate the amount of financial resources needed to conduct a research
study; it answers the following questions: How much will it cost to conduct a planned research
study. The table below show the research budget which will be used to conduct research study.

Table 2. RESEARCH BUDGET

ITEMS UNIT AMOUNT PRICE PER SUB TOTAL

REQUIRED UNIT

STATIONARIES

Duplicating paper Ream@1 1 10,000/= 10,000/=

Internet access GB@1 10 10,000/= 100,000/=

Ruled paper Ream@1 1 8,000/= 8,000/=

Stapler machine Each@1 1 5,000/= 5,000/=

Calculator Each@1 1 5,000/= 5,000/=

Staples Box@1 3 1,000/= 3,000/=

Pencil Each@1 5 100/= 500/=

Ruler Each@1 1 300/= 300/=

Correction fluid Each@1 2 1,500/= 3,000/=

Printing and binding of Each@1 3 10,000/= 34,000/=

research proposal

Printing and binding of Each@1 3 15,000/= 45,000/=

research report

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Designing cover page Each@1 2 6000/= 12,000/=

Miscellaneous Each@1 20 1000/= 20,000/=

Grand total 245,800/=

REFERENCES
Diminssie Shilaye (2010) Neonatal Sepsis; Bacterial etiological agents and their antibiotic
susceptibility pattern in Tikuranbesca – University hospital Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Dr. Chamberlain (2014) infection of the fetus and newborn infant Philadelphia.

Dr. Samson Winai, Dr. Patricia Cffery, Siri Wood, Dr. Frank Mosha, Dr.Thobias Durwa, and Dr.
John Changaludua (2005) Evaluation of dean delivery kit intervention. Mwanza – Tanzania.

Journal of Nutrition by American society for nutrition (2013) Rockvile pike bethesada America

Marij K (2010) situation analysis of newborn health in Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam Tanzania

Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners (2017) second edition

Mwifadhi Mrisho et al, (2012) understanding house based neonatal care practice in rural
southern Tanzania

Myles text book for midwives (2011) 12th edition Edinburgh, London.

Nicholaus H.F (2013) Maternal newborn Nursing

Saez- Liorens and C.H.J (2015 Sepsis syndrome and septic shock in pediatrics current concepts
of terminology, pathogens and management. Saunders Philadelphia.

Suzan ml (2013) The midwife text book 12th edition

APPENDINCIES 1:

CONSENT FORM

I have read and understood the information sheet in this consent form where necessary I have an
opportunity to ask question about my participation. I understand that I have understood and take

22
part in the study and I have understood that I have right to withdraw from the study at any stage
without giving any reason.

Signature of the participant…………………………………Date……………………………….

Signature of the researcher…………………….……………Date……………………………….

CONTACT INFORMATION

ZOGWE KAMUGA KALABA

P.O BOX

TANDABUI THE INSTITUITE OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES, TANZANIA

)
APPENDINCIES 2. QUESTIONNAIRIRE

APPENDINCIES A: QUESTIONNAIRE IN ENGLISH

ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE ON FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO

LOW BIRTH WEIGHT TO A PREGNANT WOMEN AT BUZURUGZ H/C IN ILEMELA
MANISPALITY IN MWANZA

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This study has three parts, part A is concerned with demographic data, part B is testing
knowledge and part C is testing attitude of women on LBW.

I Zogwe kamuga kalaba I would like to ask you questions on factors contribute to low birth
weight to woman.

I assure you that every information given will be confidential.

Number of questionnaire………………………….

PART A: DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

1.Mother’s age

a) under 18 years

b) 18 to 35 years

c) Above 35 [ ]

2. Number of children………………

3. Level of education attended?

a) Not educated

b) Primary education [ ]

c) Secondary education

d) Higher education

4. Marital status……………………

a) Married

b) Not married [ ]

c) Widow

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PART B: QUESTIONS PERTAINING TO KNOWLEDGE ON FACTORS CONTRIBUTING
TO LBW.

5. How do you know about Low birth weight?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………

6. What do you thing on reason contributing to low birth weight?

a/…………………………………………………………………

b/………………………………………………………………..

c/…………………………………………………………………

d/………………………………………………………………..

7. Do you think poor nutrition status during pregnant may contribute to low birth weight baby?
a) Yes

b) No [ ]

If yes why?......................................................................................................

If no, why? ……………………………………………………………………

8. Do short inter-pregnancy intervals, smoking and alcoholism to pregnant woman contribute to

low birth weight?

a) YES

b) NO [ ]

IF YES give reasons

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………

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 IF NO give reasons ………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………….

9. Does early and regular attending to ANC clinics having any potential on reducing the
occurrence of Low birth weight babies?

a) YES

b) NO [ ]

If YES,
how…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………

PART C: QUESTION PERTAINING TO MOTHER’S ATTITUDE ON LOW BIRTH

WEIGHT BABIES.

10. What do you feel if you deliver or you hear that someone has delivered a baby with low
birth weight?

a)…………………………………………………

b)…………………………………………………

c)…………………………………………………

APPENDINCIES B: DODOSO (KISWAHILI)

KUBAINI UFAHAMU NA MTAZAMO KUHUSU SABABU ZA WATOTO KUZALIWA NA

UZITO MDOGO KWA AKINA MAMA WENYE UMRI WA KUJIFUNGUA KATIKA
HOSPITALI YA BUZURUGA

MIMI ZOGWE KAMUGA KALABA NINA AHIDI YA KUA MAJIBU NITAKAYO PATA
KATIKA MASWALI NTAKAYO ULIZA NTAYATUNZA KWA SILI.

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Namba ya dodoso…………………….

SEHEMU A; UTAMBULISHO

1. Umri …………………………
a) Chini ya miaka 18 b) miaka 18 hadi 35 c) Zaidi ya miaka 35 [ ]

2. Idadi ya watoto………………………….

3. Kiwango cha elimu

a) Sijasoma c) Elimu ya sekondari

b) Elimu ya msingi d) Elimu ya chub [ ]

4. Hali ya ndoa

a) Nimeolewa b) sijaolewa c) mjane [ ]

SEHEMU B: MASWALI JUU YA UFAHAMU WA VISABABISHI VYA WATOTO

KUZALIWA NA UZITO MDOGO.

5. Je, unafahamu nini kuhusu uzito mdogo WA

kuzaliwa……………………………………………………………………………………

6. Je, unahisi nini sababu za mtoto kuzaliwa Na uzito mdogo?

a/………………………………………………………………………………………………

b/ …………………………………………………………………......………………………

c/ ……………………………………………………………...........………………………

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d /………………………………………………………………………………………...………

7. Unafikiri kuwa lishe duni Kwa mama anapokuwa mjamzito inaweza kusababisha kuzaa mtoto
mwenye uzito mdogo?

a) Ndiyo b) Hapana [ ]

Kama NDIO
eleza………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………Kama
NDIO
eleza………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Unafikiri muda mfupi kati ya ujauzito mmoja na mwingine, Uvutaji wa sigara na unywaji
pombe unaweza kuchangia kuzaliwa mtoto wa uzito mdogo?

a) Ndiyo b) Hapana [ ]

Kama NDIO
eleza………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………

Kama HAPANA
eleza………………………………………………………………………………………………
………… ………….................................................................................................................

9. Je, mahudhulio ya mapema Na Kwa mpangilio ya kliniki ya uzazi kuna msaada wowote katika
kupunguza kuzaliwa Kwa watoto wa uzito mdogo?

A) Ndio B) Hapana [ ]

Kama NDIO
eleza………………………………………………………………………………………………

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………

. Je, magonjwa Kama kisuksri, msukumo wa juu wa damu na magonjwa mengine ya moyo Kwa
mama mjamzito yanaweza kusababisha kuzaliwa kwa mtoto akiwa na uzito mdogo?

A) Ndio B) Hapana [ ]

SEHEMU C; MASWALI KUHUSU MTAZAMO WA AKINA MAMA JUU YA KUZALIWA

KWA WATOTO WENYE UZITO MDOGO.

10. Unapata hisia gani Kama ukijifunga au ukisikia mama amejifungua mtoto mwenye uzito
mdogo?

a)……………………………………………………………………………………………………

b)……………………………………………………………………………………………………

c)……………………………………………………………………………………………………

d)……………………………………………………………………………………………………

APPENDINCIES 2 (PERMISSION LETTER)

P.O.BOX

MWANZA
5/2/2022.

OFFICE OF BUZURUGA H/C

29
P.O.BOX

MWANZA-TANZANIA.,
U.F.S
PRINCIPAL,
MFHIT
P.O.BOX,
MWANZA_TANZANIA.
Dear Sir/Madam
REF: REQUEST TO CONDUCT NURSING RESEARCH AT BUZURUGA H/C

I request to conduct the research with the title of ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE AND
ATTITUDE ON THE FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO LOW BIRTH WEIGHT TO
PREGNANT WOMEN AT BUZURUGA H/C IN ILEMELA MANICIPALITY IN MWANZA
DECEMBER 2022.

I kindly request permission from you to conduct the research at your health center. I hope my
request will be positive accepted

Thank you in advance for your support

Sincerely yours

……………………
ZOGWE KAMUGA KALABA.

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