Planmeca Proline PM2002EC Ceph

Planmeca Proline EC
Cephalostat CM
USER'S MANUAL
Publication part number 688074 En
Version 6
Published 2004-11
Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................1
2 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ...............................................................................2
3 CHECKLIST - BEFORE USING THE CEPHALOSTAT ......................................................3
4 THE PLANMECA PROLINE EC PAN/CEPH X-RAY UNIT ............................................. 4
4.1 Main parts of the Cephalostat cm ................................................................................................ 4
4.2 Removing and replacing the ear posts and the nasial positioner ................................................ 4
5 PREPARATIONS FOR THE CEPHALOMETRIC EXPOSURE ...........................................5
5.1 Entering the cephalometric mode ................................................................................................ 5
5.2 Preparing the patient ................................................................................................................... 7
6 TAKING AN EXPOSURE - LATERAL CEPH ..................................................................8
7 TAKING AN EXPOSURE - ANTERIOR-POSTERIOR AND POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR .....13
8 TAKING AN EXPOSURE - SUBMENTO-VERTEX ........................................................16
9 TAKING AN EXPOSURE - WATERS VIEW .................................................................19
10 TAKING AN EXPOSURE - AP TOWNE ......................................................................22
11 EXITING FROM THE CEPHALOMETRIC MODE .........................................................25
The manufacturer, assembler, and importer are responsible for the safety, re-
liability and performance of the unit only if:
- installation, calibration, modification and repairs are carried out by qualified

authorized personnel
- electrical installations are carried out according to the appropriate require-

ments such as IEC364
- equipment is used according to the operating instructions
Planmeca pursues a policy of continual product development. Although every effort is

made to produce up-to-date product documentation this publication should not be re-
garded as an infallible guide to current specifications. We reserve the right to make
changes without prior notice.
COPYRIGHT PLANMECA 2004-11

PUBLICATION PART NUMBER 688074 revision 6
User's Manual TOC 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TOC - 2 User's Manual

INTRODUCTION
1 INTRODUCTION
The Planmeca Proline EC X- Cephalostat CM uses

cephalometric techniques to produce X-ray images for
the diagnosis of dentomaxillofacial anatomy. The unit is
allowed to be used only under supervision of a dental/
health care professional.
This guide describes how to use the Planmeca Proline
EC cephalostat CM. Version of the CM CEPHALOSTAT
is available for both 18cm x 24cm and 8” X 10” film
sizes. Please read these instructions carefully before
using the cephalostat. This manual should be used in
conjunction with the Planmeca Proline Panoramic X-ray
unit’s user’s manual.
CAUTION This X-ray unit may be dangerous to both

patient and operator unless safe exposure val-
ues are used and correct operating procedures
are observed.
All key illustrations indicate that the key should be

pressed or, where indicated, pressed and held down.
Pressing a key will either switch a function on or off,
depending on the original setting, or change a parame-
ter value.
If the letters Er (error) or HE (help) and a number
Er01 HE 1 appear on the display while you are using the unit it indi-
cates either that there is something wrong with the unit,
Error message Help message
(an Er message) or that you have made an operating
error (a HE message). Refer to the PLANMECA PRO-
LINE EC X-RAY USER’S MANUAL for information on
what the error and help messages mean.
The display values shown in this guide are only exam-
09:00 ples and should not be interpreted as recommended
values unless otherwise stated.
The exposure values given in these instructions are
based on Kodak Ektavision green sensitive film and
Kodak Ektavision screens. If you are using a different
film and screen combination you may have to use differ-
ent exposure values.
The exposure values required to produce good X-ray
images will vary considerably according to the build and
age of the patient, the film processor used and process-
ing procedures being followed. Therefore, the exposure
values given in this guide are average values and are
only meant to guide the user. Users are encouraged to
develop their own radiographic techniques based on
these values.
User's manual Planmeca Proline EC Cephalostat CM 1

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
2 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

NOTE It is very important that the place where the
unit is to be used and the position from which
the user is to operate the unit are correctly
shielded. Since radiation safety requirements
vary from country to country and state to state
it is the responsibility of the user to ensure that
all local safety requirements are met.
NOTE If the X-ray unit has been stored at tempera-
tures under +10°C for more than a few hours,
time must be allowed for the unit to reach room
temperature before turning it on.
CAUTION This X-ray unit may be dangerous to both
patient and operator unless safe exposure val-
ues are used and correct operating procedures
are observed.
NOTE Electromagnetic interference between the
equipment and other devices can occur in very
extreme conditions. Do not use the equipment
in close conjunction with sensitive devices, or
devices creating high electromagnetic distur-
bances.
2 Planmeca Proline EC Cephalostat CM User's manual

CHECKLIST - BEFORE USING THE CEPHALOSTAT
3 CHECKLIST - BEFORE USING THE CEPHALOSTAT
• Make sure that you are fully acquainted with the

appropriate radiation protection measures and the
instructions in this manual before using the cepha-
lostat.
• Make sure that you have access to a film processor

that is in working order and is ready for use.
• Make sure that you are using the correct film

processing chemicals for the film you are using.
• Make sure that the processing chemicals you are

using are fresh and are at the correct processing
temperatures and concentrations.
• Make sure that the safelight you are using in the

darkroom is suitable for the film being used.
• Make sure that the film you are going to use is

fresh. Do not use old film.
• Make sure that the film and intensifying screen you

are using are compatible. Do not mix films and
screens of different color sensitivity.
• Make sure that the film and screen are the right
type for the technique you plan to use.
• Make sure that the intensifying screen is free of

dust and is not scratched or damaged.
• Never leave the cassette open in daylight.

THE PLANMECA PROLINE EC PAN/CEPH X-RAY UNIT
4 THE PLANMECA PROLINE EC PAN/CEPH X-RAY

UNIT
4.1 Main parts of the Cephalostat cm

Rotatable head support Soft tissue filter scale Rotation scale
Magnification scale
Release lever
Cassette holder
Cassette clip
Nasial positioner
Ear post holder
Cassette Ear posts
Positioning cones
Left-hand cassette stop Right-hand cassette stop
4.2 Removing and replacing the ear posts and the nasial positioner
Holder
Lift to release
Press down to lock

Ear post/nasial positioner
Note
When replacing the ear posts push them firmly
to their position.

PREPARATIONS FOR THE CEPHALOMETRIC EXPOSURE
5 PREPARATIONS FOR THE CEPHALOMETRIC

EXPOSURE
5.1 Entering the cephalometric mode
There are three cephalometric exposure modes: CPH4,

CPH5 and CPH6. The exposure mode number indi-
cates the collimator number used in that exposure:
4 vertical asymmetric
5 vertical symmetric
6 horizontal symmetric
If the X-ray unit is off switch it on (refer to the user’s
manual supplied with the Planmeca Proline EC X-ray
unit).
Remove the chin rest or chin support from the patient

positioning mechanism.
Patient positioning
mechanism
Chin rest
If there is a panoramic cassette in the cassette carriage

remove the cassette.
Cassette Cassette
carriage
Press and hold down the P key until you have heard two
audible signals. The latest used exposure mode number
starts to flash on the Main display.

NOTE If you are entering the program selection mode

for the first time, the mode number CPH4 will
start to flash on the Main display.
The Program selection keys are used to scroll the expo-
sure mode numbers. Press the minus (-) key to
decrease the value and the plus (+) key to increase it.
The menu is cyclical, after the last (first) choice the first
(last) is displayed again.
NOTE If you interrupt the exposure mode selection
for over 10 seconds, the unit automatically
exits the selection mode and returns to the last
selected mode.
The required cephalometric exposure mode is accepted
by pressing the P key. The mode number stops flashing
and the rotating unit will move automatically to the cor-
rect position for taking cephalometric exposures. When
it is in the correct position the ready key indicator light
will come on and the number on the exposure time dis-
play will start to flash.
Rotating unit in the correct position

for taking cephalometric exposures
IMPORTANT NOTE:
If the X-ray was in the cephalometric mode when it was
switched off and you wish to take a cephalometric expo-
sure when you switch the unit on again, you MUST still
enter the cephalometric mode even though the unit
appears to be in the cephalometric position. The reason
for this is that when the power is switched off the rotat-
ing unit is no longer held in the cephalometric position
and can be inadvertently moved. The only way to guar-
antee that the rotating unit is in the correct position for
taking cephalometric exposures is to re-enter the
cephalometric mode.
When the cephalometric exposure mode is selected,
the rotating unit will move from the cephalometric posi-
tion to the panoramic position and then back to the
cephalometric position.
IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT YOU DO NOT LEAVE
THE UNIT IN THE CEPHALOMETRIC POSITION
WHEN THE POWER IS SWITCHED OFF.

5.2 Preparing the patient
Ask the patient to remove any spectacles, hearing aids,

dentures, and personal jewellery such as earrings,
necklaces, and hairpins. Place a protective lead apron
over the patient’s shoulders if required.

TAKING AN EXPOSURE - LATERAL CEPH
6 TAKING AN EXPOSURE - LATERAL CEPH
In the darkroom place a film inside the cassette. Handle

the film in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruc-
tions and be careful not to damage the intensifying
screens inside the cassette.
Cassette holder When you are taking a vertical asymmetric lateral expo-
sure orientate the cassette so that it is vertical and then
Cassette clip slide the cassette into the cassette holder and position it
so that the left-hand side of the cassette is flush with the
left-hand side of the cassette holder.
Cassette
Select the cephalometric exposure mode CPH4, see

CPH4 section “5.1 Entering the cephalometric mode” on page
5.
Cassette holder When you are taking a horizontal symmetric lateral

exposure orientate the cassette so that it is horizontal
and then slide the cassette into the cassette holder until
the cassette is centered in the cassette holder.
Cassette clip
Cassette

5.

Rotate the head support to the 90° position, the angle

can be seen on the rotation scale. Press the release
lever on the side of the left-hand ear post holder and
slide the ear posts out as far as they will go. Also slide
the nasial positioner out as far as it will go.
Head support
Rotation scale
Release lever
4
5
6
Nasial positioner
Ear posts
Adjust the height of the cephalostat until the positioning

cones at the ends of the ear posts are level with the
patient’s ears.
Position the patient between the two ear posts so that

the patient is facing the nasial positioner.

Press the release lever on the side of the left-hand ear

post holder and carefully slide the positioning cones into
the patient’s ears.
Nasial positioner
Release lever
Left-hand ear post
Positioning cones
Slide the nasial positioner towards the patient until it

touches the patient’s nasion and then, by sliding the
nasial positioner up or down, adjust the angle of the
patient’s head until the Frankfort plane is horizontal.
Nasial positioner
Frankfort plane

Note the position of the nasial positioner (the line on the

holder indicates its position) on the soft tissue filter
scale. The value on the scale is used to determine the
position of the soft tissue filter.
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Soft tissue filter scale

0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Holder
Line Nasial positioner
Press either of the focal trough positioning keys to drive

° the soft tissue filter (it is attached to the cassette car-
mm riage) to the same position that appears on the soft tis-
sue filter scale. The position will appear on the focal
trough positioning display.
The minus (-) key will decrease the area filtered (the
soft tissue filter will move away from the patient) and the
plus (+) key will increase the area filtered (the soft tissue
filter will move towards the patient).
Select the exposure magnification by sliding the cas-
sette holder towards or away from the patient. The mag-
nification can be seen on the magnification scale above
the cassette holder.
Magnification scale
200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130
1.13 1.12 1.11 1.10 1.09

Cephscale1298.eps
Cassette holder

Select the exposure values and exposure time for the

patient being X-rayed according to the values in the
table below.
68 kV 12 mA 0.6
LATERAL VIEW EXPOSURE VALUES

Based on Kodak Ektavision film and Kodak Ektavision screen
PATIENT kV VALUE mA VALUE TIME
Child 10 and over 68 12 0.4
Adult female or small male 68 12 0.6
Adult male 70 12 0.8
Large adult male 72 12 1.0
Move at least two meters (seven feet) from the X-ray.

Protect yourself from unnecessary exposure to radia-
tion.
Press and hold down the exposure button on the remote

control for the duration of the exposure. During the
exposure period the radiation warning light will come on
and you will hear the radiation warning tone. When the
radiation warning tone stops the ear posts can be slid
out and the patient can be guided from the unit.
Remove the cassette from the cassette holder and

process the film.
Measuring scale
Image of measuring scale Embedded in the nasial positioner is a metal scale an

image of which will appear on the exposed film. By
measuring the image of the scale that appears on the
film and comparing its size with the actual size of the
scale accurate measurements of the patient’s teeth and
bone structure can be made.
The actual length of the scale is 50mm and it is divided
into millimeter increments.
Actual size
50mm
Measuring Lateral exposure

scale

TAKING AN EXPOSURE - ANTERIOR-POSTERIOR AND POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR
7 TAKING AN EXPOSURE - ANTERIOR-POSTERIOR

AND POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR

Cassette holder Orientate the cassette so that it is vertical and then slide
the cassette into the cassette holder, either from the left
Cassette clip or right, and position it so that the right-hand side of the
cassette is flush with the right-hand side of the cassette
holder.
Cassette

5.
Rotate the head support to the 0 or 180° position to take

an anterior-posterior or a posterior-anterior exposure.
post holder and slide the ear posts out as far as they will
go. Swing the nasial positioner up to the horizontal posi-
tion.
Head support
Nasial positioner
Rotation scale
4
5
6
Ear posts


patient’s ears.
Position the patient between the two ear posts. If you

are taking an anterior-posterior exposure position the
patient so that they are looking away from the cassette
and if you are taking a posterior-anterior exposure posi-
tion the patient so that they are facing the cassette.
200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130
1.13 1.12 1.09 1.13 1.12 1.09
Anterior-posterior position Posterior-anterior position

Adjust the tilt of the patient’s head so that the Frankfort
plane is parallel to the floor.
post holder and VERY carefully slide the positioning
cones into the patient’s ears.
200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130
1.13 1.12 1.09
Frankfort plane
Anterior-posterior position


Magnification scale
200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130
1.13 1.12 1.11 1.10 1.09
Cephscale1298.eps
Cassette holder

table below.
78 kV 12 mA 1.2
ANTERIOR-POSTERIOR AND POSTERIOR-ANTERIOR EXPOSURE VALUES

Child 74 12 1.0
Adult 78 12 1.2
Large adult 80 12 1.6

Protect yourself from unnecessary exposure to
radiation.
process the film.

TAKING AN EXPOSURE - SUBMENTO-VERTEX
8 TAKING AN EXPOSURE - SUBMENTO-VERTEX

holder.
Cassette

5.
Rotate the head support to the 0° position. Press the

release lever on the side of the left-hand ear post holder
and slide the ear posts out as far as they will go. Swing
the nasial positioner up to the horizontal position.
Head support
Rotation scale
Nasial positioner
4
5
6
Ear posts


patient’s ears.
Position the patient between the two ear posts and then
adjust the tilt of the patient’s head until the alar-tragal
line is perpendicular to the floor.
Magnification scale
200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130
1.13 1.12 1.09
Alar-tragal line

table below.
78 kV 12 mA 1.6
SUBMENTAL VERTEX EXPOSURE VALUES

Child 76 12 1.2
Adult 78 12 1.6


Protect yourself from unnecessary exposure to radia-
tion.


process the film.

TAKING AN EXPOSURE - WATERS VIEW
9 TAKING AN EXPOSURE - WATERS VIEW

holder.
Cassette

5.

Head support release lever on the side of the left-hand ear post holder
Rotation scale and slide the ear posts out as far as they will go. Swing
4
5
6
Nasial positioner
Ear posts
patient’s ears.

they are facing the cassette.

Adjust the tilt of the patient’s head until the alar-tragal

line is 35° to 40° from the horizontal.
Magnification scale
200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130
1.13 1.12 1.09
35-40°
Alar-tragal line

nification can be seen the magnification scale above the
cassette holder.

table below.
78 kV 12 mA 1.2
WATERS VIEW EXPOSURE VALUES

Child 74 12 1.0
Adult 78 12 1.2

radiation.



process the film.

TAKING AN EXPOSURE - AP TOWNE
10 TAKING AN EXPOSURE - AP TOWNE

holder.
Cassette

5.

Head support release lever on the side of the left-hand ear post holder
Rotation scale and slide the ear posts out as far as they will go. Swing
4
5
6
Nasial positioner
Ear posts
patient’s ears.

they are facing away from the cassette.

Adjust the tilt of the patient’s head until the Frankfort

plane is tilted down 30°. Ask the patient to open his or
her mouth as wide as possible.
Magnification scale
200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130
1.13 1.12 1.09
30°
Frankfort plane

nification can be seen the magnification scale above the
cassette holder.
table below.
78 kV 12 mA 1.2
A. P. TOWNES EXPOSURE VALUES

Child 74 12 1.0
Adult 78 12 1.2

radiation.



process the film.

EXITING FROM THE CEPHALOMETRIC MODE
11 EXITING FROM THE CEPHALOMETRIC MODE
Press the panoramic mode selection key to return to the

PAN panoramic mode. The text PAn will appear briefly on the
display and the rotating unit will rotate automatically to
the correct position for taking panoramic exposures.
When the rotating unit reaches the correct position the
current time will appear on the main display.

EXITING FROM THE CEPHALOMETRIC MODE

www.planmeca.com
PLANMECA OY Asentajankatu 6, 00880 Helsinki, Finland, tel. +358 20 7795 500
fax +358 20 7795 555, e-mail: sales@planmeca.com, www.planmeca.com

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Planmeca Proline EC

- installation, calibration, modification and repairs are carried out by qualified

- electrical installations are carried out according to the appropriate require-

- equipment is used according to the operating instructions

Planmeca pursues a policy of continual product development. Although every effort is

COPYRIGHT PLANMECA 2004-11

User's Manual TOC 1

TOC - 2 User's Manual

The Planmeca Proline EC X- Cephalostat CM uses

CAUTION This X-ray unit may be dangerous to both

All key illustrations indicate that the key should be

User's manual Planmeca Proline EC Cephalostat CM 1

2 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

2 Planmeca Proline EC Cephalostat CM User's manual

3 CHECKLIST - BEFORE USING THE CEPHALOSTAT

• Make sure that you are fully acquainted with the

• Make sure that you have access to a film processor

• Make sure that you are using the correct film

• Make sure that the processing chemicals you are

• Make sure that the safelight you are using in the

• Make sure that the film you are going to use is

• Make sure that the film and intensifying screen you

• Make sure that the intensifying screen is free of

• Never leave the cassette open in daylight.

User's manual Planmeca Proline EC Cephalostat CM 3

4 THE PLANMECA PROLINE EC PAN/CEPH X-RAY

4.1 Main parts of the Cephalostat cm

Left-hand cassette stop Right-hand cassette stop

Press down to lock

4 Planmeca Proline EC Cephalostat CM User's manual

5 PREPARATIONS FOR THE CEPHALOMETRIC

5.1 Entering the cephalometric mode

There are three cephalometric exposure modes: CPH4,

Remove the chin rest or chin support from the patient

If there is a panoramic cassette in the cassette carriage

User's manual Planmeca Proline EC Cephalostat CM 5

NOTE If you are entering the program selection mode

Rotating unit in the correct position

6 Planmeca Proline EC Cephalostat CM User's manual

5.2 Preparing the patient

Ask the patient to remove any spectacles, hearing aids,

User's manual Planmeca Proline EC Cephalostat CM 7

6 TAKING AN EXPOSURE - LATERAL CEPH

In the darkroom place a film inside the cassette. Handle

Select the cephalometric exposure mode CPH4, see

Cassette holder When you are taking a horizontal symmetric lateral

Select the cephalometric exposure mode CPH6, see

8 Planmeca Proline EC Cephalostat CM User's manual

Rotate the head support to the 90° position, the angle

Adjust the height of the cephalostat until the positioning

Position the patient between the two ear posts so that

User's manual Planmeca Proline EC Cephalostat CM 9

Press the release lever on the side of the left-hand ear

Left-hand ear post

Slide the nasial positioner towards the patient until it

10 Planmeca Proline EC Cephalostat CM User's manual

Note the position of the nasial positioner (the line on the

Soft tissue filter scale

Line Nasial positioner

Press either of the focal trough positioning keys to drive