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Volume of Solid of Revolution: Cylindrical Shell Method

This document discusses the cylindrical shell method for calculating the volume of solids of revolution. It provides 4 examples of using this method to calculate volumes when regions are revolved about different axes. It also gives exercises for students to practice calculating volumes using the cylindrical shell method. The key steps are to identify the radius, length, and thickness of the cylindrical shell, then set up and evaluate the integral of 2πrLdt to find the volume.

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Ej Beato
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314 views

Volume of Solid of Revolution: Cylindrical Shell Method

This document discusses the cylindrical shell method for calculating the volume of solids of revolution. It provides 4 examples of using this method to calculate volumes when regions are revolved about different axes. It also gives exercises for students to practice calculating volumes using the cylindrical shell method. The key steps are to identify the radius, length, and thickness of the cylindrical shell, then set up and evaluate the integral of 2πrLdt to find the volume.

Uploaded by

Ej Beato
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4/26/2022

VOLUME OF
SOLID OF REVOLUTION:
CYLINDRICAL SHELL METHOD
Mr. Dolfus G. Miciano
Asst. Prof., CEAFA - BatStateU

Cylindrical Shell method


 Axis of revolution is horizontal
Section formed: Cylindrical shell
L
L V = 2rLt
xL xR r

r
t

Working Equation:
V = ∫ 2𝑟𝐿𝑑𝑡 = 2 ∫ 𝑟𝐿𝑑𝑡
radius: r = y
length: L = xR- xL
thickness: dt = dy V = 2 ∫ 𝑦[𝑏 − 𝑓 𝑦 ]𝑑𝑦
Note: The same principle is used to construct volume formula if AR is vertical.

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Comparison of methods for solving volume


 Disk or washer
• Axis of revolution is perpendicular rectangular element
• Cross section formed after revolving an element is a circle - disk or
washer (radius or radii should be determined)
 Shell
• Axis of revolution is parallel to the rectangular element
• A section or figure formed after revolving an element is a
cylindrical shell (determine radius, length or height and thickness)

Note: Select the most appropriate method for the given problem.

Example 1. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving about y


axis the region bounded by the curve y = x2, the x axis and line x=2.

• Solution: The shaded region shown below and the solid formed
Volume formula: V = 2 ∫ 𝑟𝐿𝑑𝑡
y = 𝑥2
V = 2 ∫ 𝑥 𝑥2 𝑑𝑥 = 2∫ 𝑥3𝑑𝑥

L = 2
r
Radius, length and width of element: = 2 − = 8 cu. units
r = 𝑥 ; L =YU-YL = 𝑥2 ; dt = dx

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Example 2. The region bounded by the curve y = x2, the lines y=1 and x=2 is
revolved about y=-3. Find the volume of the solid generated by taking the
rectangular elements of area parallel to the axis of revolution.
• Solution: The shaded region shown below and the solid formed
Volume formula: V = 2 ∫ 𝑟𝐿𝑑𝑡
(2,4)

V = 2 ∫ (𝑦 + 3) 2 −   𝑦 𝑑𝑦
r

= 2∫ (2𝑦 − 𝑦   𝑦 − 3   𝑦 + 6)𝑑𝑦


Radius and length
of element:
r = 𝑦 + 3 ; L = X R - XL = 2 -   𝑦

Con’t: Example 2. The region bounded by the curve y = x2, the x axis and lines
y=1 and x=2 is revolved about y=-3. Find the volume of the solid generated by
taking the rectangular elements of area parallel to the axis of revolution.

V = 2∫ (2𝑦 − 𝑦   𝑦 − 3   𝑦 + 6)𝑑𝑦 = 2 2 − −3 + 6𝑦

/ /
= 2 4 − −2 4 / + 6 4 −2 1 − −2 1 / +6 1

= 2 16 − − 16 + 24 − 2 1 − − 2 + 6

= 2 19 − V =  cu. units

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Example 3. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving about line x=0
the region at right of that line bounded by the curve y = 3x – x3, the y-axis and
the line y=2.
• Solution: The shaded region shown below and the solid formed
Volume formula:
L
r V = 2 ∫ 𝑟𝐿𝑑𝑡

V = 2 ∫ 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 𝑥3 𝑑𝑥

Radius and length of the element: = 2∫ (2𝑥 − 3𝑥2 + 𝑥4)𝑑𝑥


r = x ; L = 2 − (3𝑥 − 𝑥3) ; dt = dx
= 2 − 3𝑥 + 𝑥3

Con’t: Example 3. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving about
y-axis the region bounded by the curve y = 3x – x3, the y-axis and the line y=2.

V = 2∫ (2𝑥 − 3𝑥2 + 𝑥4)𝑑𝑥 = 2 2 −3 +

= 2 1 − 1 + −0

= 2


V = cu. units

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Example 4. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving


about y-axis the region bounded by the curve y= x2 and the line
y=2x using cylindrical shell method.
• Solution: Figure below shows the region  Volume Formula:

V = 2 ∫ 𝑟𝐿𝑑𝑡
 Radius: r = x
 Length : L = 2x – x2
L
 Thickness: dt = dx

V = 2 ∫ 𝑥(2𝑥 − 𝑥2)𝑑𝑥
or V = 2 ∫ (2𝑥2 − 𝑥3)𝑑𝑥

Con’t: Example 4. Find the volume of the solid generated by


revolving about y-axis the region bounded by the curve y= x2
and the line y=2x.

V = 2 ∫ (2𝑥2 − 𝑥3)𝑑𝑥 = 2 2 −

= 2 2 − −0

= 2 −4

= 2 V =  cu. units

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Exercises: Solve the following problems using


cylindrical shell method.
• 1. Find the volume of solid of revolution generated when the region
bounded by the curve y = x3, the x-axis, and the lines x = 2 and x = 3 is
revolved about y-axis.
• 2. The region bounded by the curve y = sin x, the x-axis, and the line x
= /3 is revolved about y-axis. Find the volume of the solid generated.
• 3. Find the volume of the solid of revolution generated by revolving
about the line y = -1 the region bounded by the lines y=0 and x=2 and
the parabola y = x2.

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