SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO KỲ THI CHỌN ĐỘI TUYỂN THPT QUỐC GIA NĂM 2017

ĐẮK NÔNG MÔN: TIẾNG ANH

Thời gian: 180 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề)
ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC (Đề thi gồm 14 trang, thí sinh làm bài trực tiếp vào đề thi)

A. LISTENING (5/20 points)

Part 1. You are given a piece of audio and some text with spaces.
Use the information from the audio to complete the spaces. NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND/OR
A NUMBER

CHESS TOURNAMENT
FIRST RULE:
-If a piece is (1) …………………… it has to be moved.
PLAYERS SHOULD:
-Record their moves in case of disputes.
-Avoid interfering with other games in progress.
-Not leave their (2)…………………….. on.
- Understand how to use a chess clock.
PLAYERS MUST:
- Hit the (3)……………….after each move.
- Record their (4)…………………………under all circumstances.
SPEAKER'S DETAILS:
-Telephone number: 897214
-Full name: Andrew (5)…………………………..

PART 2. For questions 6-10, listen to part of a speech by President Donald Trump on the economic
issues and do the tasks that follow.
* For questions 6-8, match the events that related to the corresponding places. Write ONE correct
letter next to each place. A. community projects
B. economic meeting
6. Washington _____________ C. stock market
7. United States _____________ D. attack and violence
8. Virginia _____________ E. business practices
F. more employments

* For questions 9-10, choose TWO letters from A-D.

Which TWO statements are TRUE according to the talk? Write your answers in the numbered space.
A. FBI has opened a civil rights investigation into the car attack.
9. _____________ B. No one has been killed in the violence
10. _____________ C. 20 people were wounded in the racist violence.
D. Bigotry and violence are allowed somewhere in America.

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PART 3. For question 11- 15, listen to a discussion in which two marine biologists, Gina Keiso and
Thomas Lundman, talk about an award- winning television film they made about wildlife in
Antarctica. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D

11. Gina’s interest in marine biology dates from…

A. her earliest recollections of life in Africa
B. one memorable experience in childhood
C. the years she spent studying in England
D. a postgraduate research project she led

12. The first wildlife TV series they both worked on…

A. made use of a previously untried format
B. was not firmed in a natural environment
C. was not intended to be taken too seriously
D. required them to do background research

13. How did Thomas feel when he was asked to produce the programmes about Antarctica?
A. disappointed not to be presenting the series
B. surprised that people thought he was suitable
C. uncertain how well he would get on with the team
D. worried about having to spend the winter there

14. When they were in Antarctica, they would have appreciated…

A. a less demanding work schedule
B. more time to study certain animals
C. a close friend to share their feelings with
D. a chance to share their work with colleagues

15. What was most impressive about the whales they filmed?
A. the unusual sounds the whales made
B. the number of whales feeding in a small bay
C. how long the whales stayed feeding in one area
D. how well the whales co- operated with each other

PART 4. For questions 16-25, listen to a radio programme about Biomimicry, the science of copying
nature in order to create new technologies and fill in the missing information. Write NO MORE
THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording for each answer in the spaces provided.
 Biomimicry imitates nature’s structures, processes and (16) ______________to create new ideas.
 Velcro was invented in (17) ______________. It was developed after its inventor observed the
sticking qualities of one particular plant’s (18) ______________.
 Wood has the beneficial feature of being able to (19) ______________
 The synthetic ‘wood’ created for the post office will not (20) ______________ according to
surrounding environmental conditions. 
 The Namibian Fog Basking beetle uses its ability to (21)______________ in order to live in harsh
conditions.
 A (22) ______________ on the beetle’s shell repels water and aids the formation of large droplets.
 The Sahara Forest project utilised this concept in the design of a (23) ______________
 The ‘Able Project’ uses (24) ___________from the composting process as an input to the fish farm.
 The extinction of one species of (25) ______________has prevented scientists from finding a cure for
excess stomach acid.

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II. LEXICO-GRAMMAR (2/20 points)

Part 1. For question 26-39, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to each of the following questions.

26. After the meeting, the staff went back to their ______ offices.
A. prospective B. respective
C. respected D. perspective
27. Just because we’ve had a good year, this does not mean that we cannot do better: we must not
______.
A. have our heads in the clouds B. burry our heads in the sand
C. count on blessings D. rest on your laurels
28. There are five ______ mistakes in this picture. Can you find them and win a prize?
A. presumptuous B. intensive
C. deliberate D. instrumental
29. Have we any contingency plans to ______ back on if this one fails?
A. fall B. lean C. turn D. come
30. As with all our plans, money was the main ______ block.
A. falling B. stumbling C. holding D. tripping
31. This man is so arrogant that he is completely ______ to all criticism.
A. impervious B. unaware
C. regardless D. unconscious
32. That’s exactly what I mean, Ben. You’ve ______!
A. put your foot on it B. killed two birds with one stone
C. put two and two together D. hit the nail on the head
33. I’m hoping that this work experience will stand me in good ______ in my future career.
A. stead B. grounding
C. precedent D. footing
34. Natural silk is obtained by unraveling the thin threads of the cocoons spun by the caterpillars of the
silkworm moth.
A. unwinding B. unleashing
C. undulating D. undertaking
35. Melvyn’s elder sister has rather ______ views and totally disapproves of his lifestyle.
A. belittling B. rebellious
C. confident D. staid
36. Those campers are really ______. They have no idea how to set up a tent.
A. white B. blue
C. green D. black
37. Don’t call Pam just now. Something has gone wrong with the computer, she’s ______ because she
can’t get the data she needs.
A. in a stew B. out of a rut
C. in the swim D. under the sink
38. When he accidentally hit his thumb with a hammer, he let out ______ which could be heard half-
way down the street.
A. swearing B. a cursor
C. a squeak D. an expletive
39. These days many scientists are becoming interested in such phenomena as extra- ______ perception,
which are inexplicable in rational terms.
A. sensory B. sensible
C. sensitive D. sensational
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Part 2. For questions 40-45, write the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered space provided in
the column on the right. 0 has been done as example.

We were about fifty miles from the nearest (0)________ (SETTLE), 0. ___settlement__
feeling that we’d finally managed to get away from it all. Hardly any
technological (40)______ (BREAK) had reached this corner of globe, or 40. _____________
so it seemed. There were just sand dunes as far as the eye could see. And
yet, despite our (41)_______ (ISOLATE), the silence was sudden broken 41. _____________
by somewhat unexpected noise of a frog . Ignoring for the movement the
looks of distinct (42)_______ (APPROVAL) I got from my fellow 42. _____________
travellers, I put my hand in my pocket. The (43)______ (ANNOY) frog 43. _____________
was, of course, my ring tone. And when I pressed the button, there was my
boss asking me a simple work question, (44)_______ (REGARD) of the 44. _____________
fact that I was thousands of miles away. We were beyond the limits of
civilisation, yet had not gone far enough to avoid an (45)_______ 45. _____________
(WELCOME) work call from a colleague.

III. READING (5/20 points)

Part 1. Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap.
Becoming A Pop Idol
Reality TV programmes like Big Brother have become (46)………………popular. The latest, Pop Idol
attracted an audience of more than thirteen million viewers. Each week, a new batch of young hopefuls
were seen auditioning for the chance to become a pop star and to be (47) …………………up for a
lucrative record contract. Viewers were invited to phone in and vote for the contender they (48)
…………………most as the next pop superstar. Suddenly, it seemed as if the whole nation had become
caught (49)……………….in the drama. Families took sides as the two young finalists, Will and Gareth,
slogged it out for the title. Will triumphed in the end, but only by the skin of his teeth. But as he whisked
away from the studio last night, questions were being asked about the exploitative nature of such
programmes. Was the real winner the lad on the screen or the puppet masters behind the scenes, who
have no doubt (50)……………………. a fortune out of the show?
46. A. largely B. hugely C. greatly D. grossly
47. A.made B. written C. bought D. signed
48. A. fancied B. longed C. craved D. yearned
49. A. out B. through C. up D. on
50. A. profited B. got C. acquired D. made

Part 2. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in
each space.
EXPLORING THE ARCTIC OCEAN
A huge international project to explore the Arctic Ocean (51)_____begun. It is expected to discover
thousands of new species of marine animals, many of (52) __________have been completely cut (53)
__________from the rest of the world for thousands of years. Scientists claim that the study of the
unknown depths of the Arctic Ocean, perhaps the (54)__________understood ocean on earth, is now
urgent (55) __________of the growing threat (56) __________ its unique marine life posed by global
warming. Climatologists estimate that the Arctic summer has increased by five days every decade for
the (57) __________ forty years, and that a totally ice-free Arctic summer will soon occur.

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The Arctic Ocean is unusual as much of it is capped (58) __________ice and there is land all around it.
'It is as (59) __________the Arctic Ocean is inside a box which has a lid of ice on the top. There's no
other place in the world like it,' says chief scientist Ron O'Dor. A particular focus planned for the
project he is undertaking will be the Canada Basin, an underwater hole 3,800 metres deep where life
has remained isolated (60) ________millennia.

Part 3. For questions 61-73, read the following passage and do the tasks that follow.
Questions 61-65: Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D. Write your answers in the corresponding
numbered boxes provided.

A NEUROSCIENTIST REVEALS HOW TO THINK DIFFERENTLY

In the last decade a revolution has occurred in the way that scientists think about the brain. We now
know that the decisions humans make can be traced to the firing patterns of neurons in specific parts of
the brain. These discoveries have led to the field known as neuroeconomics, which studies the brain's
secrets to success in an economic environment that demands innovation and being able to do things
differently from competitors. A brain that can do this is an iconoclastic one. Briefly, an iconoclast is a
person who does something that others say can't be done.
This definition implies that iconoclasts are different from other people, but more precisely, it is their
brains that are different in three distinct ways: perception, fear response, and social intelligence. Each of
these three functions utilizes a different circuit in the brain. Naysayers might suggest that the brain is
irrelevant, that thinking in an original, even revolutionary, way is more a matter of personality than
brain function. But the field of neuroeconomics was born out of the realization that the physical
workings of the brain place limitations on the way we make decisions. By understanding these
constraints, we begin to understand why some people march to a different drumbeat.
The first thing to realize is that the brain suffers from limited resources. It has a fixed energy budget,
about the same as a 40 watt light bulb, so it has evolved to work as efficiently as possible. This is where
most people are impeded from being an iconoclast. For example, when confronted with information
streaming from the eyes, the brain will interpret this information in the quickest way possible. Thus it
will draw on both past experience and any other source of information, such as what other people say, to
make sense of what it is seeing. This happens all the time. The brain takes shortcuts that work so well
we are hardly ever aware of them. We think our perceptions of the world are real, but they are only
biological and electrical rumblings. Perception is not simply a product of what your eyes or ears
transmit to your brain. More than the physical reality of photons or sound waves, perception is a product
of the brain.
Perception is central to iconoclasm. Iconoclasts see things differently to other people. Their brains do
not fall into efficiency pitfalls as much as the average person's brain. Iconoclasts, either because they
were born that way or through learning, have found ways to work around the perceptual shortcuts that
plague most people. Perception is not something that is hardwired into the brain. It is a learned process,
which is both a curse and an opportunity for change. The brain faces the fundamental problem of
interpreting physical stimuli from the senses. Everything the brain sees, hears, or touches has multiple
interpretations. The one that is ultimately chosen is simply the brain's best theory. In technical terms,
these conjectures have their basis in the statistical likelihood of one interpretation over another and are
heavily influenced by past experience and, importantly for potential iconoclasts, what other people say.
The best way to see things differently to other people is to bombard the brain with things it has never
encountered before. Novelty releases the perceptual process from the chains of past experience and
forces the brain to make new judgments. Successful iconoclasts have an extraordinary willingness to be
exposed to what is fresh and different. Observation of iconoclasts shows that they embrace novelty
while most people avoid things that are different.
The problem with novelty, however, is that it tends to trigger the brain's fear system. Fear is a major
impediment to thinking like an iconoclast and stops the average person in his tracks. There are many
types of fear, but the two that inhibit iconoclastic thinking and people generally find difficult to deal
with are fear of uncertainty and fear of public ridicule. These may seem like trivial phobias. But fear of

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public speaking, which everyone must do from time to time, afflicts one-third of the population. This
makes it too common to be considered a mental disorder. It is simply a common variant of human
nature, one which iconoclasts do not let inhibit their reactions.
Finally, to be successful iconoclasts, individuals must sell their ideas to other people. This is where
social intelligence comes in. Social intelligence is the ability to understand and manage people in a
business setting. In the last decade there has been an explosion of knowledge about the social brain and
how the brain works when groups coordinate decision making. Neuroscience has revealed which brain
circuits are responsible for functions like understanding what other people think, empathy, fairness, and
social identity. These brain regions play key roles in whether people convince others of their ideas.
Perception is important in social cognition too. The perception of someone's enthusiasm, or reputation,
can make or break a deal. Understanding how perception becomes intertwined with social decision
making shows why successful iconoclasts are so rare.
Iconoclasts create new opportunities in every area from artistic expression to technology to business.
They supply creativity and innovation not easily accomplished by committees. Rules aren't important to
them. Iconoclasts face alienation and failure, but can also be a major asset to any organization. It is
crucial for success in any field to understand how the iconoclastic mind works.
1) Neuroeconomics is a field of study which seeks to…
A.    cause a change in how scientists understand brain chemistry.
B.   understand how good decisions are made in the brain.
C.    understand how the brain is linked to achievement in competitive fields.
D.    trace the specific firing patterns of neurons in different areas of the brain.
2) According to the writer, iconoclasts are distinctive because…
A.    they create unusual brain circuits.
B .   their brains function differently.
C.    their personalities are distinctive.
D.    they make decisions easily.
3) According to the writer, the brain works efficiently because…
A.    it uses the eyes quickly.
B.    it interprets data logically.
C.    it generates its own energy.
D.    it relies on previous events.
4) The writer says that perception is…
A.    a combination of photons and sound waves.
B.    a reliable product of what your senses transmit.
C.    a result of brain processes.
D.    a process we are usually conscious of.
5) According to the writer, an iconoclastic thinker…
A.    centralises perceptual thinking in one part of the brain.
B.    avoids cognitive traps.
C.    has a brain that is hardwired for learning.
D.    has more opportunities than the average person.

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Questions 66-73: Complete the following statements using no more than TWO words taken from the
passage for each blank. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
66. Iconoclasts’ brains are different from the others in three ways: perception, ______________, and
social intelligence.
67. The physical workings of the brain place_____________ on the way we make decisions.
68. One of the source for the brain to interpret the information is the past ______________.
69. Brain’s ______________is a learned process, which is both a curse and an opportunity for change.
70. Information streaming from the eyes or ears is known as ______________from the senses.
71. One-third of the population face the fear of ______________, one of the trivial phobias.
72. The ability to understand and manage people in a business setting is call social ______________.
73. Although ______________are more likely to have loneliness and failure, they take importance roles
in any organization.

Part 4. Read the following passage. Seven paragraphs have been removed from the passage.
Choose from the paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap. There is one extra paragraph which
you do not need to use. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
The Do-gooders
The people who changed the morals of English society.
In the last decades of the 18th century, the losers seriously outnumbered the winners. Those who were
fortunate enough to occupy the upper levels of society, celebrated their good fortune by living a
hedonistic life of gambling, parties and alcohol. It was their moral right, they felt, to exploit the weak
and the poor. Few of them thought their lives should change, even fewer believed it could.
74.
But the decisive turning point for moral reform was the French revolution. John Bowlder, a popular
moralist of the time, blamed the destruction of French society on a moral crisis. Edmund Burke, a Whig
statesman agreed. 'When your fountain is choked up and polluted,' he wrote, 'the stream will not run
long or clear.'  If the English society did not perform, ruin would surely follow.

75.
Englishmen were deeply afraid that the immorality of France would invade England. Taking advantage
of this, Burke was able to gain considerable support by insisting that the French did not have the moral
qualifications to be a civilised nation. He pronounced 'Better this island should be sunk to the bottom of
the sea that than... it should not be  a country of religion and morals.'
76.
Sobering though these messages were, the aristocracy of the time was open to such reforms, not least
due to fear. France's attempt to destroy their nobility did much to encourage the upper classes to
examine and re-evaluate their own behaviour. Added to this was the arrival of French noble émigrés to
British shores. As these people were dependant on the charity of the British aristocracy, it became
paramount to amend morals and suppress all vices in order to uphold the state.
77.
Whether the vices of the rich and titled stopped or were merely cloaked is open to question. But it is
clear that by the turn of the century, a more circumspect society had emerged. Styles of dress became
more moderate, and the former adornments of swords, buckles and powdered hair were no longer seen.
There was a profusion of moral didactic literature available. Public hangings ceased and riots became
much rarer.

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78.
One such person was Thomas Wackley who in 1823 founded a medical journal called 'the Lancet'. At
this time, Medicine was still a profession reserved for the rich, and access to knowledge was impossible
for the common man. The Lancet shone a bright light on the questionable practices undertaken in
medicine and particularly in surgery, and finally led to improved standards of care.
79.
How though did changes at the top affect the people at the bottom of the societal hierarchy? Not all
reformers concerned themselves which changes at the authoritative and governmental levels. Others
concentrated on improving the lives and morals of the poor. In the midst of the industrial revolution, the
poorest in society were in dire straits. Many lived in slums and sanitation was poor. No-one wanted the
responsibility of improvement.
80.
Could local authorities impose such measures today? Probably not. Even so, the legacy of the moral
reform of the late 1800s and 1900s lives on today. Because of it, the British have come to expect a
system which is competent, fair to all and free from corruption. Nowadays everyone has a right to a
home, access to education, and protection at work and in hospital. This is all down to the men and
women who did not just observe society's ills from a distance, but who dared to take steps to change it.

A  But a moral makeover was on the horizon, and one of the first people to promote it was William
Wilberforce, better known for his efforts in abolishing the slave trade. Writing to a friend, Lord
Muncaster, he stated that 'the universal corruption and profligacy of the times...taking its rise amongst
the rich and luxurious has now ... spread its destructive poison through the whole body of the people.' 
B  But one woman, Octavia Hill, was willing to step up to the mark. Hill, despite serious opposition by
the men who still dominated English society, succeeded in opening a number of housing facilities for
the poor. But, recognising the weaknesses of a charity-dependent culture, Hill enforced high moral
standards, strict measures in hygiene and cleanliness upon her tenants, and, in order to promote a culture
of industry, made them work for any financial handouts. 
C  At first, moralists did not look for some tangible end to moral behaviour. They concerned themselves
with the spiritual salvation of the rich and titled members of society, believing that the moral tone set by
the higher ranks would influence the lower orders. For example, Samuel Parr, preaching at London's St
Paul's Cathedral, said 'If the rich man...abandons himself to sloth and all the vices which sloth generates,
he corrupts by his example. He permits...his immediate attendants to be, like him, idle and profligate.' 
D  In time, the fervour for improved morals strayed beyond personal behaviour and towards a new
governance. People called for a tightening of existing laws which had formerly been enforced only
laxly. Gambling, duelling, swearing, prostitution, pornography and adultery laws were more strictly
upheld to the extent that several fashionable ladies were fined fifty pounds each for gambling in a
private residence. 
E  So far, however, circumspection in the upper classes had done little to improve the lives of those in
the lower classes. But that was to change. Against a backdrop of the moral high ground, faults in the
system started to stand out. One by one, people started to question the morality of those in authority. 
F  The attitudes of the upper classes became increasingly critical during the latter part of the eighteenth
century. In 1768, the Lord of the Treasury was perfectly at ease to introduce his mistress to the Queen,
but a generation later, such behaviour would have been unacceptable. Such attitudes are also seen in the
diaries of Samuel Pepys, who, in 1793 rambles without criticism about his peer's many mistresses. A
few years later, his tone had become infinitely more critical. 

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G  Similar developments occurred in the Civil Service. Civil servants were generally employed as a
result of nepotism or acquaintance, and more often than not took advantage of their power to provide for
themselves at the expense of the public. Charles Trevelyan, an official at the London Treasury, realised
the weaknesses in the system and proposed that all civil servants were employed as a result of entrance
examinations, thus creating a system which was politically independent and consisted of people who
were genuinely able to do the job. 
H  These prophecies roused a little agitation when first published in 1790. But it was the events in 1792-
93 which shocked England into action. Over in France, insurrection had led to war and massacre. The
King and Queen had been tried and executed. France was now regarded as completely immoral and
uncivilized, a country where vice and irreligion reigned.

Part 5. For questions 81-95, read the following passage and do the tasks that follow.

A. Howard Bloom, Author:

Even though most people are convinced that peak oil has already passed, to me, peak oil is just a
hypothesis. There is a theory that carbon molecules can be found in interstellar gas clouds, comets and
in space ice, and if this is the case, our planet could ooze oil for ever. And even if we stay earthbound,
those who say we have raped the planet of all its resources are wrong. There's a huge stock of raw
materials we haven't yet learned to use. There are bacteria two miles beneath our feet which can turn
solid granite into food. If bacteria can do it, surely we creatures with brains can do it better. As far as the
near future of energy is concerned, I believe the most promising alternative fuels are biofuels, such as
ethanol. It's an alcohol made from waste products such as the bark of trees, woodchips, and other 'waste
materials'. And that's not the only waste that can create energy. My friend in the biomass industry is
perfecting an energy-generation plant which can run on human waste. We produce that in vast
quantities, and it's already gathered in centralised locations. 

B. Michael Lardelli, Lecturer in Genetics at The University of Adelaide

 
Nothing exists on this planet without energy. It enables flowers and people to grow and we need it to
mine minerals, extract oil or cut wood and then to process these into finished goods. So the most
fundamental definition of money is as a mechanism to allow the exchange and allocation of different
forms of energy. Recently, people have been using more energy than ever before. Until 2005 it was
possible to expand our energy use to meet this demand. However, since 2005 oil supply has been in
decline, and at the same time, and as a direct result of this, the world's economy has been unable to
expand, leading to global recession. With the world's energy and the profitability of energy production
in decline at the same time, the net energy available to support activities other than energy procurement
will decrease. We could increase energy production by diverting a large proportion of our remaining oil
energy into building nuclear power stations and investing in renewable forms of energy. However, this
is very unlikely to happen in democratic nations, because it would require huge, voluntary reductions in
living standards. Consequently, the world economy will continue to contract as oil production declines.
With energy in decline, it will be impossible for everyone in the world to become wealthier. One
person's increased wealth can only come at the expense of another person's worsened poverty. 

C. Jeroen van der Veer, chief executive of Royal Dutch Shell 

People are understandably worried about a future of growing energy shortages, rising prices and
international conflict for supplies. These fears are not without foundation. With continued economic
growth, the world's energy needs could increase by 50% in the next 25 years. However, I do not believe
that the world is running out of energy. Fossil fuels will be able to meet growing demand for a long time
in the future. Taking unconventional resources into account, we are not even close to peak oil. The
priority for oil companies is to improve efficiency, by increasing the amount of oil recovered from

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reservoirs. At present, just over a third is recovered. We can also improve the technology to control
reservoir processes and improve oil flow. However, these projects are costly, complex and technically
demanding, and they depend on experienced people, so it is essential to encourage young people to take
up a technical career in the energy industry. Meanwhile, alternative forms of energy need to be made
economically viable. International energy companies have the capability, the experience and the
commercial drive to work towards solving the energy problem so they will play a key role. But it is not
as simple as merely making scientific advances and developing new tools; the challenge is to deliver the
technology to people worldwide. Companies will need to share knowledge and use their ideas
effectively. 

D. Craig Severance, blogger 

What will it take to end our oil addiction? It's time we moved on to something else. Not only are world
oil supplies running out, but what oil is still left is proving very dirty to obtain. The Deepwater Horizon
oil spill occurred precisely because the easy-to-obtain oil is already tapped. If we don't kick oil now, we
will see more disasters as oil companies move to the Arctic offshore and clear more forests. The cheap
petroleum is gone; from now on, we will pay steadily more and more for our oil — not just in dollars,
but in the biological systems that sustain life on this planet. The only solution is to get on with what we
will have to do anyway - end our dependence on it! There are many instances in which oil need not be
used at all. Heat and electricity can be produced in a multitude of other ways, such as solar power or
natural gas. The biggest challenge is the oil that is used in transportation. That doesn't mean the
transportation of goods worldwide, it's the day-to-day moving around of people. It means we have to
change what we drive. The good news is that it's possible. There are a wide range of fuel efficient cars
on offer, and the number of all-electric plug-in cars is set to increase. For long distance travel and
freight, the solution to this is to look to rail. An electrified railway would not be reliant upon oil, but
could be powered by solar, geothermal, hydro, and wind sources. There is a long way to go, but actions
we take now to kick our oil addiction can help us adapt to a world of shrinking oil supplies. 

For these questions, choose from the sections A-D. The sections may be chosen more than ONCE.
Write your answers in the space provided in the column on the right.
Which writer: Your answers

81. believes oil will be available for many more years 81. ……………..
82. believes that from now on, less oil is available 82………………
83. believes there are ways to obtain energy that we have not yet discovered 83………………
84. sees a great potential in natural fuels 84………………
85. believes the fuel crisis will cause the poor to become poorer 85………………
86. sees energy and the economy as intrinsically linked 86………………
87. believes we should reduce our dependance on oil immediately 87………………
88. believes that people need to be attracted to working in the energy industry 88………………
89. believes that it is unlikely that governments will invest a lot of money into 89………………..
alternative energy
90. believes that future oil recovery will lead to more environmental disasters 90………………
91. believes that better technology can help to maintain oil production levels 91………………
92. believes there may be sources of oil outside our planet 92………………
93. thinks that oil companies are responsible for developing other types of energy 93………………
94. recognises that inventions that can help to prevent an energy crisis are already 94………………
available
95. believes we can use our rubbish to create energy 95………………

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IV. WRITING (5/20 points)

Part 1: Read the following extract and use your own words to summarize it. Your summary should be about
100 words long. You MUST NOT copy the original.

There are few animals on Earth who work as well together as meerkats. These squirrel-size members of the
mongoose family live in groups as large as 40, and everyone in the mob participates in gathering food, keeping a
look out for predators, and taking care of the babies. 

Meerkats live in the deserts and grasslands of the southern tip of Africa. They are extremely cute, with bushy,
brown-striped fur, a small, pointed face, and large eyes surrounded by dark patches. They average about 20
inches (50 centimeters) long, including their tail. These extremely social animals live together in burrows, which
they dig with their long, sharp claws. Living underground keeps mob members safe from predators and out of
the harsh African heat. These burrows can be 16 feet (5 meters) long and contain multiple entrances, tunnels,
and rooms. A group will use up to five separate burrows at a time. 

Meerkats only go outside during the daytime. Each morning, as the sun comes up, the mob emerges and begins
looking for food. They use their keen sense of smell to locate their favorite foods, which include beetles,
caterpillars, spiders, and scorpions. They'll also eat small reptiles, birds, eggs, fruit, and plants. Back at the
burrow, several babysitters stay behind to watch over newborn pups. This duty rotates to different members of
the mob, and a sitter will often go all day without food. The babysitters' main job is to protect pups from
meerkats in rival mobs, who will kill the babies if they can. While the rest of the mob forages for food, one or
more meerkats, called a sentry, will find a high point, like a termite mound, and perch on their back legs,
scanning the sky and desert for predators like eagles, hawks, and jackals. A sentry who senses danger will let out
a high-pitched squeal, sending the mob scrambling for cover. 

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PART 2. The charts below gives information about the preferred leisure activities of Australian
children.
Describe the information in the charts and make comparisons where relevant. You should write at
least 150 words.

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Part 3. Essay writing

In many countries today, the eating habits and lifestyle of children are different from those of
previous generations. Some people say this has had a negative effect on their health. To what extent
do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Your should
write about 350 words.
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