Community Health Nursing 1 - Lecture

STUDENT ACTIVITY SHEET BS NURSING / SECOND YEAR

Session # 6

LESSON TITLE: Care Law of 2012, Save the Children, Materials:

Violence Against Women, Senior Citizen Laws Pen, paper, index card, book, and class List
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of the lesson, the nursing student can: Reference:
1. To adhere the ethic-legal considerations when providing safe, Famorca, Z. U., Nies, M. A., & McEwen, M. (2013).
quality and professional nursing care; Nursing Care of the Community. Elsevier
2. Enumerate the rights and responsibilities of every child; and, Gezondheidszorg.
3. Adhere to establish norms of conduct based on the Philippine
Nursing Law and other legal, regulatory and institutional
requirements relevant to safe nursing practice.

LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW (5 minutes)

Instruction: Discuss the principle of Justice in relation to community health.
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MAIN LESSON (30 minutes)

Care Law of 2012 or Foster Care Act of 2012

Foster care Act of 2012 is a system in which a minor has been placed into a ward, group home (residential child
care community, treatment center, etc.), or private home of a state-certified caregiver, referred to as a "foster parent" or with a
family member approved by the state.

The Purpose of Foster Care

a. Foster care exists to provide a family and their child(ren) with an alternative to living together in the unfortunate case that
being in the same home is either unsafe or impossible.
b. Foster care may also be used for children who are suddenly in the position of having no family or home.
c. Foster parents - are people who officially take a child into their family for a period of time, without becoming the child's legal
parents. The child is referred to as their foster child.

Difference between foster child and adoption

 When you foster a child, you are caring for them on behalf of the Local Authority and the birth parents.
 When you adopt a child, you become their legal parent. This is permanent and the child has exactly the same legal status in
your family as any other family member, which continues throughout their lifetime.

The following may be placed in foster care:

 A child who is abandoned, surrendered, neglected, dependent or orphaned;
 A child who is a victim of sexual, physical, or any other form of abuse or exploitation;
 A child with special needs;
 A child whose family members are temporarily or permanently unable or unwilling to provide the child with adequate care.
 A child awaiting adoptive placement and who would have to be prepared for family life;
 A child who needs long-term care and close family ties but who cannot be placed for domestic adoption;
 A child whose adoption has been disrupted;

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 A child who is under socially difficult circumstances such as, but not limited to, a street child, a child in armed conflict or a
victim of child labor or trafficking;
 A child who committed a minor offense but is released on recognizance, or who is in custody supervision or whose case is
dismissed; and
 A child who is in need of special protection as assessed by a social worker, an agency or the DSWD.

Qualifications who may be a Foster Parent:

 Must be of legal age;
 Must be at least sixteen (16) years older than the child unless the foster parent is a relative;
 Must have a genuine interest, capacity and commitment in parenting and is able to provide a familial atmosphere for the child;
 Must have a healthy and harmonious relationship with each family member living with him or her;
 Must be of good moral character;
 Must be physically and mentally capable and emotionally mature;
 Must have sufficient resources to be able to provide for the family’s needs;
 Must be willing to further hone or be trained on knowledge, attitudes and skills in caring for a child; and
 Must not already have the maximum number of children under his foster care at the time of application or award, as may be
provided in the implementing rules and regulations (IRR) of this Act
 Provided, that in determining who is the best suited foster parent, the relatives of the child shall be given priority, so long as
they meet the above qualifications:
 Provided, further, that an alien possessing the above qualifications and who has resided in the Philippines for at least twelve (12)
continuous months and maintains such residence until the termination of placement by the DSWD or expiration of the foster
family license, may qualify as a foster parent.

A foster parent may adopt his foster child subject to the following conditions:
a) The foster parent must have all the qualifications as provided for by Republic Act No. 8552, otherwise known as the Domestic
Adoption Act of 1998 or Republic Act No. 8043, otherwise known as the Inter-Country Adoption Act of 1995, as the case may
be;
b) The trial custody, as required in adoption, may be waived: Provided, that a harmonious relationship exists between the child
and his foster parent and family members;
c) The procedures for adoption, for purposes of this Act, shall be governed by Domestic Adoption Act of 1998 or Inter- Country
Adoption Act of 1995, as the case may be.
 Local Government Units (LGUs). Shall promote the foster care system in their respective territorial jurisdictions.
 Funding. LGUs shall primarily be responsible for social welfare services which include foster care programs. However,
the national government shall provide financial support, priority given to third (3rd), fourth (4th) and fifth (5th) class
municipalities.
 Seminars and Trainings. The DSWD, in coordination with the Department of the Interior and Local Government
(DILG), is hereby mandated to develop and provide programs to ensure the awareness and responsiveness of local
government officials in the promotion and development of the foster care system in every city, municipality or barangay.

Assistance to a Foster Child

Foster Child Subsidy.

a) A foster child, through the agency, shall be entitled to a monthly subsidy from the DSWD, subject to existing government
auditing rules and regulations. The subsidy is primarily aimed at supporting the expenses of the child to lessen the financial
burden on the foster parent. Provided, that support may be waived if the foster parent is capable of supporting the foster child.
b) Health Insurance. A foster child shall automatically be a Phil-Health beneficiary of the foster parent and as such, entitled
to health insurance benefits. If the foster parent is not a Phil-Health member, he must seek enrollment with Phil-Health. LGUs
and agencies shall provide assistance to the foster parents to ensure enrollment.

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 Assistance and Incentives to Foster Parent
a) Support Care Services. The DSWD, the social service units of LGUs and agencies shall provide support care services to
include, but not limited to, counseling, visits, training on child care and development, respite care, skills training and
livelihood assistance.
b) Additional Exemption for Dependents. For purposes of claiming the Twenty-five thousand pesos (Php 25,000.00)
additional exemption for foster parents for each dependent not exceeding four (4) as provided for by Republic Act No. 9504, the
definition of the term “dependent” under Section 35(B) of the National Internal Revenue Code (NIRC) of 1997 shall be
amended to include “foster child”: Provided, that all other conditions provided for under the aforesaid section of the NIRC of
1997 must be complied with: Provided, further. That this additional exemption shall be allowed only if the period of foster care
is at least a continuous period of one (1) taxable year.

Save the Children

Republic Act 7610 – An Act Providing for Stronger Deterrence and Special Protection Against Child Abuse, Exploitation and
Discrimination, Providing Penalties for its violation and for other purposes

Save the Children advocated the passage of Republic Act 10821 or the Children's Emergency Relief and Protection
Act that directs national and local government agencies to implement and sustain comprehensive emergency program to protect
children from disasters and emergencies.

The Child Protection Act provides stronger protection for children against child abuse, exploitation and discrimination. The law
ushered the creation of a comprehensive program on child abuse, exploitation and discrimination to protect children against various
kinds of abuse

The main function of Save the Children:

 To saves and improves children's lives around the world.
 To ensure children have healthcare, food and shelter,
 Learning child protection services when children need it most.

All children shall be entitled to the rights herein set forth without distinction as to legitimacy or illegitimacy, sex, social status,
religion, political antecedents, and other factors.

12 Rights of the Child

1. Every child is endowed with the dignity and worth of a human being from the moment of his conception, as generally accepted
in medical parlance, and has, therefore, the right to be born well.
2. Every child has the right to a wholesome family life that will provide him with love, care and understanding, guidance and
counseling, and moral and material security. The dependent or abandoned child shall be provided with the nearest substitute for
a home.
3. Every child has the right to a well-rounded development of his personality to the end that he may become a happy, useful and
active member of society.
 The gifted child shall be given opportunity and encouragement to develop his special talents.
 The emotionally disturbed or socially maladjusted child shall be treated with sympathy and understanding, and shall be
entitled to treatment and competent care.
 The physically or mentally handicapped child shall be given the treatment, education and care required by his particular
condition.
4. Every child has the right to a balanced diet, adequate clothing, sufficient shelter, proper medical attention, and all the basic
physical requirements of a healthy and vigorous life.
5. Every child has the right to be brought up in an atmosphere of morality and rectitude for the enrichment and the
strengthening of his character.
6. Every child has the right to an education commensurate with his abilities and to the development of his skills for the
improvement of his capacity for service to himself and to his fellowmen.
7. Every child has the right to full opportunities for safe and wholesome recreation and activities, individual as well as social,
for the wholesome use of his leisure hours.
8. Every child has the right to protection against exploitation, improper influences, hazards, and other conditions or
circumstances prejudicial to his physical, mental, emotional, social and moral development.
9. Every child has the right to live in a community and a society that can offer him an environment free from pernicious
influences and conducive to the promotion of his health and the cultivation of his desirable traits and attributes.

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10. Every child has the right to the care, assistance, and protection of the State, particularly when his parents or guardians fail or
are unable to provide him with his fundamental needs for growth, development, and improvement.
11. Every child has the right to an efficient and honest government that will deepen his faith in democracy and inspire him with the
morality of the constituted authorities both in their public and private lives.
12. Every child has the right to grow up as a free individual, in an atmosphere of peace, understanding, tolerance, and universal
brotherhood, and with the determination to contribute his share in the building of a better world.

Responsibilities of the Child

Every child, regardless of the circumstances of his birth, sex, religion, social status, political antecedents and other factors shall:

1. Strive to lead an upright and virtuous life in accordance with the tenets of his religion, the teachings of his elders and mentors,
and the biddings of a clean conscience;
2. Love, respect and obey his parents, and cooperate with them in the strengthening of the family;
3. Extend to his brothers and sisters his love, thoughtfulness, and helpfulness, and endeavor with them to keep the family
harmonious and united;
4. Exert his utmost to develop his potentialities for service, particularly by undergoing a formal education suited to his abilities,
in order that he may become an asset to himself and to society;
5. Respect not only his elders but also the customs and traditions of our people, the memory of our heroes, the duly constituted
authorities, the laws of our country, and the principles and institutions of democracy;
6. Participate actively in civic affairs and in the promotion of the general welfare, always bearing in mind that it is the youth who
will eventually be called upon to discharge the responsibility of leadership in shaping the nation's future; and
7. Help in the observance of individual human rights, the strengthening of freedom everywhere, the fostering of
cooperation among nations in the pursuit of their common aspirations for programs and prosperity, and the furtherance
of world peace.

Violence Against Women

Violence Against Women is any act of gender-based violence that results or is likely to result in physical, sexual or
psychological harm or suffering to women including threats or such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty whether
occurring in public or private life.

RA 9262 is the Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children Act of 2004. The Act classifies violence against
women and children (VAWC) as a public crime.

Republic Act No. 9710 The Magna Carta of Women is comprehensive women's human rights law that seeks to eliminate
discrimination against women by recognizing, protecting, fulfilling and promoting the rights of Filipino women, especially those in
marginalized sector.

R.A 9262 is known as The Anti-Violence against Women and their Children Act of 2004. Recognizing "the need to
protect the family and its members particularly women and children from violence and thre ats to their personal safety and security",
RA 9262 was signed by former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on March 2, 2004.

Different forms of elderly abuse generally divided into the following categories:
1. Physical abuse the infliction of pain or injury, physical coercion, or physical or drug induced restraint.
2. Psychological or emotional abuse the infliction of mental anguish.
3. Financial or material abuse the illegal or improper exploitation or use of funds or resources of the older person.
4. Sexual abuse non-consensual sexual contact of any kind with the older person.
5. Neglect the refusal or failure to fulfil a caregiving obligation. This may or may not involve a conscious and intentional attempt
to inflict physical or emotional distress on the older person.

Signs of Violence:
1. Loss of temper on a daily basis.
2. Frequent physical fighting.
3. Significant vandalism or property damage.
4. Increase in use of drugs or alcohol.
5. Increase in risk-taking behavior.

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6. detailed plans to commit acts of violence.

All forms of violence have damaging short- and long-term effects on

 mental,
 physical and
 spiritual well-being.
Living with violence, or in fear of violence, is clearly in opposition to the fundamental conditions and resources for health.

The most common motivations for violence can be viewed as inappropriate attempts to handle emotions. Often, violence is the
medium used by an individual to openly express their feelings such as anger, frustration, or sadness. Other times, violence can be
considered as a form of manipulation for individuals to try and get what they want or need. Aggressive behavior can also be used as a
form of retaliation; a means by which one uses to even the score. Finally, violent behavior is sometimes caused because people grow
up seeing violence openly displayed. Violence then becomes learned as an “appropriate” way to behave.

Senior Citizen Act

Senior Citizen Act - As defined under Republic Act No. 7432, as amended by RA No. 9257 (Expanded Senior Citizens Act of
2003) and further amended by RA 9994, known as the “Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010,” defines senior citizen or
elderly as any resident citizen of the Philippines at least 60 years old.
Apply for Senior Citizens Pension
 An application form can be collected and completed at the Local Board Office in your district.
 Applicants may be required to attend an age assessment meeting with the Local Public Assistance Board.
 The Assistance Board decides on all applications and rejected persons have the right to appeal.

Senior citizens are entitled to 20% discount and exemption from the value -added tax (VAT) on certain goods and services
for their exclusive use.

Among these are the following:

 purchase of medicines and essential medical supplies,
 accessories and equipment;
 professional fees of attending physicians and licensed health workers as well as on medical and dental services,
 diagnostic and laboratory fees in private hospitals,
 medical facilities,
 outpatient clinics and
 home health care services.

They are also entitled to 20% discount on fare for land (jeepneys buses, taxis, shuttle services, MRT, LRT, PNR,) sea shipping vessel
and domestic transport services. Many elderlies do not know that the 20% discount also applies to taxis.

This also applies to restaurants, hotels and similar lodging establishments, and recreation centers. Seniors should be reminded though
that the discount only applies to them.

Also subject to the 20% discount are admission fees charged by theaters, cinema houses and concert halls, circuses, leisure and
amusement. In some local government units like Baguio City, SM Cinema Baguio is offering free movies to senior citizens who
are residents of the city once a day from Monday to Friday.

When they die, there is discount for their funeral and burial services.

The law also provides grant of a minimum of 5% discount on water and electric bills registered in the name of the senior citizen
residing therein, and provided that the monthly consumption does not exceed 100 kilowatt hours of electricity and 30 cubic meters
of water:
 Seniors can also get a 5% discount without VAT exemption on certain on groceries granted by the Department of Trade and
Industry and the Department of Agriculture.
 For groceries worth up to PHP 1,300 per week, they can enjoy 5% off the retail prices of at least four kinds of the following
basic necessities and prime commodities: Rice, bread, and corn; Chicken, beef, and pork; Fresh eggs; Coffee, Creamer, and
Sugar; Fresh fruits and Vegetables; Garlic and Onions; Cooking oil and Salt; Noodles, Canned

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 sardines, and Canned tuna; Fresh milk and other dairy products; detergents; Electrical supplies, light bulbs, and batteries
and geriatric diapers.
 Senior citizens though cannot avail of this special discount in sari-sari stores, cooperative stores, and wet markets.
 As the government cares for the health of senior citizens, they have mandatory Phil-Health coverage as stipulated in RA 9994.
When they are confined in private hospitals, they can avail of Phil-Health benefits in addition to the 20% discount and VAT
exemption. In government hospitals, the No Balance Billing Policy applies.
 To augment their daily subsistence and other medical needs, the government also provides monthly social pension amounting
to P500 to indigent senior citizens.
 Another privilege of senior citizens is the provision of express lanes for them in all commercial and government
establishments.
 For the 60 and above citizens to enjoy these benefits and privileges, they must present their senior citizen ID issued by the Office
of the Senior Citizen Affairs (OSCA). They may present their government-issued ID that shows their age in the absence of senior
citizen ID but not all establishments honor this. That is why it is very important to apply
for their senior citizen ID at the OSCA or the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) in their respective city
or municipality.
 An elderly should get a senior citizen identification card and present it whenever needed to avail of the benefits and discounts.
 Weak or bedridden senior citizens can still avail of the discount especially in the purchase of their medicines and groceries.
They only have to make and sign authorization letter for their duly authorized representatives, who will present it along with
the senior citizens’ ID, OSCA purchase booklet and their own government –issued ID when paying for the purchases.
 Senior citizen discounts are not only for the benefit of the elderly but they also provide big reprieve for families and
breadwinners.

CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING (20 minutes)

You will answer and rationalize this by yourself. This will be recorded as your quiz. One (1) point will be given to correct answer and
another one (1) point for the correct ratio. Superimpositions or erasures in you answer/ratio is not allowed. You are given 20 minutes
for this activity:

Multiple Choice

1. An infant who had been in foster care since birth requires a blood transfusion. Who is authorized to give written informed
consent for the procedure?
a. Nurse manager
b. Social worker who placed the infant in foster home
c. Registered nurse caring for the infant
d. The foster mother
ANSWER: _ D_
RATIO:___ Parents or appointed legal guardians must give approval for medical operations when children are minors and
have not attained emancipation. As a result, the foster mother has the legal right to offer her approval for the blood
transfusion. Social workers, nurses, and nurse managers in this situation are not legally permitted to provide their
permission.
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2. The foster parents of a child age 6, who will begin school in the facility, ask the nurse for anticipatory guidance. The nurse
should explain that a child of this age:
a. Rebel against scheduled activities
b. Still depends on the parent
c. Loves to tattle
d. Is highly sensitive to criticism
ANSWER: _D _
RATIO:___ In a young child, age 6, overreacting to criticism and a sense of inferiority are symptoms of a shaky sense of
self. By age 6. The majority of kids enjoy the structure of a plan and no longer rely on their parents for everyday
activities. Tattling is more prevalent in children aged 4 to 5. by age 6. The youngster desires to be and make pals.
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3. The nurse is discussing negativism with the parents of a 30-month-old child when administering immunization. How should
the nurse tell the parents to best respond to this behavior?
a. Reprimand the child and give a 15-minute “time out”
b. Maintain a permissive attitude for this behavior
c. Use patience and a sense of humor to deal with this behavior
d. Assert authority over the child through limit setting

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ANSWER: _ C_
RATIO:___ The nurse should assist the parents in understanding the toddler's negativity as a natural development of
autonomy. They can handle the negative toddler at their best by being kind and humorous.
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4. A victim of domestic violence states, “If I were better, I would not have been beaten.” Which feeling best describes what the victim
may be experiencing?
a. Fear
b. Helplessness
c. Self-blame
d. Rejection
ANSWER: _C _
RATIO:___ Domestic violence victims may be immobilized by a variety of affective responses, one being self-blame. The
victim believes that a change in their behavior will cause the abuser to become nonviolent, which is a myth.
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5. The nurse is at the community center speaking with retired people. To which comment by one of the retirees during a discussion
about the benefits for senior citizen would the nurse give a supportive comment to reinforce correct information?
a. I usually bring my senior citizen ID wherever I will go
b. No need to ask doctors’ prescription if I will buy my medicines.
c. I was given discount for doctors’ professional fee
d. I registered my name as a member of senior citizen.
ANSWER: _D _
RATIO:___ The appropriate statement would be choice D.
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6. The community health nurse is assigned to care for administering vaccination. Which of the following should the nurse give the
priority in giving vaccination?
a. The client who came first.
b. The adult client together with mother
c. The client with age of 60 years old
d. The mother who brought her lactating child with her.
ANSWER: _D _
RATIO:___ The mother who brought her lactating child with her should be prioritized.
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7. Nurse Meredith is observing 8-year-old Anna during a community visit. Which of the following findings would lead the nurse
to suspect that Anna is a victim of sexual abuse?
a. The child is fearful of the caregiver and other adults.
b. The child has a lack of peer relationships.
c. The child has self-injurious behavior.
d. The child has an interest in things of a sexual nature.
ANSWER: _D _
RATIO:___ A child who is 8 years old is in the latency stage of development, during which time their interest in their classmates,
activities, and school takes precedence. It would be normal for interest in sex and sexually explicit topics to emerge throughout
puberty, not at this time. However, a child who has experienced sexual abuse could manifest a peculiar interest in sex. The other
answer options' assessments could point to abuse, but not necessarily sexual abuse.
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8. Sheila tells the community nurse that her boyfriend has been abusive and she is afraid of him. but she doesn't want to leave. The
client asks the nurse for assistance. Which nursing interventions are appropriate in this situation? Select all that apply.
a. Help Sheila to develop a plan to ensure safety including phone numbers for emergency help.
b. Help Sheila to get her boyfriend into an appropriate treatment program.
c. Communicate acceptance. avoiding any implication that Sheila is at fault for not leaving.
d. Help Sheila to explore available options. including shelters and legal protection.
ANSWER: _A,C,D _

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RATIO:___ Choices A, C, and D are the right nursing interventions to be done in this situation.
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9. What is R.A. 9994?

a. Anti-Terror Law
b. Expanded Senior Citizen Act of 2010
c. Magna Carta for Health Care Workers
d. Providing Mandatory Basic Immunization
ANSWER: _B _
RATIO:___ RA 9994, known as the “Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010,” defines senior citizen or elderly as any resident
citizen of the Philippines at least 60 years old.
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10. As the government cares for the health of Senior Citizens, what are the entitlement of benefits given to them?
a. Purchase of medicines
b. 20% discount
c. Diagnostic and laboratory fees in private hospitals
d. All of the above
ANSWER: _D _
RATIO:___ Choices A-D indicate the benefits of senior citizens.
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RATIONALIZATION ACTIVITY (THIS WILL BE DONE DURING THE FACE-TO-FACE INTERACTION)

The instructor will now rationalize the answers to the students. You can now ask questions and debate among yourselves. Write the
correct answer and correct/additional ratio in the space provided.

1. ANSWER: _ _
RATIO:___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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2. ANSWER: _ _
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3. ANSWER: _ _
RATIO:___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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4. ANSWER: _ _
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5. ANSWER: _ _
RATIO:___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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6. ANSWER: _ _

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7. ANSWER: _ _

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 RATIO:___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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8. ANSWER: _ _
RATIO:___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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9. ANSWER: _ _
RATIO:___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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10. ANSWER: _ _
RATIO:___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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LESSON WRAP-UP (5 minutes)

You will now mark (encircle) the session you have finished today in the tracker below. This is simply a visual to help you track
how much work you have accomplished and how much work there is left to do.

You are done with the session! Let’s track your progress.

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AL Activity: Minute Paper:

1) What was the most useful or the most meaningful thing you have learned this session?
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2) What question(s) do you have as we end this session?
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