Nda+2020 +Matrices+&+Determinants+in+1+Shot

NDA 2020: MATRICES & DETERMINANTS in 1 SHOT
Josh Tank full ?

#LetsSHOOT
Previous Year Paper Analysis
Year NDA - MATRICES & DETERMINANTS

Number of question
I II
2020 4 -
2019 4 5
2018 5 3
2017 12 11
2016 8 7
Matrices
A Matrix is an arrangement of various elements
a11 a12 …………… a1n

a21 a22 …………… a2n
….
….
ith row aij rows
am1 am2 …………… amn
m×n
jth column
columns
[aij]
m×n
Types of Matrices
1) Row matrix : A matrix with only one row and plural columns.
a11 a12. . . . . . . . a1n

1×n
2) Column matrix :
a11 A matrix with only one column

a21 and plural rows.
......
am1
m×1
Types of Matrices
3) Zero/Null matrix :
Matrix in which all the elements are Zero.
0 0 …………… 0
0 0 …………… 0 i.e. aij = 0, ∀ i,
j
….
….
….
0 0 …………… 0
m×n
4) Horizontal matrix:
A Matrix that looks horizontal.
i.e. has More Columns and Less Rows or n > m
m×n
Types of Matrices
5) Vertical matrix: A Matrix that looks vertical.

i.e. has More Rows and Less
Columns or m > n mxn
6) Square matrix : A matrix that has Equal number of rows and columns.
a11 a12 a1n i.e. m = n

…...…
a21 a22 a2n In a Square matrix, the
…...… elements with
aii same column and row
.
…
.
…
number
an1 an2 …...… ann are called Diagonal
m×n Elements.
For Square matrices: i.e. elements with i = j
Trace : Trace is the Sum of Diagonal Elements.

n
∑aii = a11+ a22 + a33 ….. and so on
i=1
A) Triangular Matrix A Matrix with either, all upper diagonal or lower diagonal entries ZERO
I) Upper Triangular Matrix Matrix with, all lower diagonal entries:

Zero i.e. aij = 0, if ‘i > j’
a11 a12 a13 …...… a1n

0 a22 a23 …...… a2n
0 0 a33 …...… a3n
….
….
0 0 0 …...… amn
II) Lower Triangular Matrix: Matrix with, all upper diagonal entries Zero
i.e. aij = 0, if ‘i < j’
0 0 …...… 0
a11
0 …...… 0
a21 a22
…...… 0
a31 a32 a33
….
….
an1 an2 am3 …...… amn

What is triangular matrix and define various types of triangular matrices ?
III) Diagonal Matrix: Matrix with, all non-diagonal entries: Zero

i.e. aij = 0, if ‘i ≠ j’
a11 0 0 …...… 0
0 a22 0 …...… 0
0 0 a33 …...… 0
….
….
0 0 0 …...… amn
Algebra of Matrices
Equality: Two matrices are said to be equal if:
1. Their orders are equal

2. Corresponding elements are equal.
2x 1 4 1
Example: = ⇒ 2x = 4
2 3 2 3
2x x + 1 4 3 has no solution
= ⇒
2 2 1 2 as a21 is not equal
Algebra of Matrices
Addition of matrices Two matrices can be added only if :

Am×n + Bm×n = Cm×n
1. order of the matrices are equal
2. are to be added only term by term then, aij + bij = cij
Example:
1 2 3 2 4 0 1+2 2+4 3+0

+ =
1 0 1 –1 2 0 1+(–1) 0+2 1+0
2×3 2×3 2×3
3 6 3
=
0 2 1
2×3
Algebra of Matrices
Multiplication by a constant
a11 a12 a13 ka11 ka12 ka13

Similarly while taking
k× a21 a22 a23 = ka21 ka22 ka23
common out it will come
a31 a32 a33 ka31 ka32 ka33 out from all entries
Example
2 4 4 8 When a matrix is multiplied by a

2× 1 2 = 2 4 constant k, then every element of
the matrix gets multiplied by k
1 0 2 0
Algebra of Matrices
Multiplication of two Matrices :
Post multiplier
Am ×n × Bn × p = C m ×p
Pre multiplier
Number of Columns of First Matrix should be

equal to number of Rows of Second Matrix .
Properties:
1. Matrix multiplication is not commutative in general.
A×B≠B×A Not always true
2. Matrix multiplication is associative.
(A×B) × C = A × (B×C)
Properties:
4. If you multiply any matrix by null matrix, you get a null matrix
Am×n × On×n = Om×n
5. Exponential laws hold for square matrices, i.e.
An = A × An-1
Only for
m n m+n
A ×A =A square matrices
(Am)n = Amn
Note: All the following definitions are defined ONLY for Square Matrices.
Nilpotent A2 = On
Idempotent A2 = A
Involutory A2 = I
Symmetric AT = A
Skew–Symmetric AT = –A
Orthogonal A×AT = I
Transpose of a matrix
Matrix obtained by Interchanging Rows and Columns is called Transpose of a Matrix.
Symbol : AT or A′
a1 b1
a1 a2 a3
If A = a2 b2 ⇒ A = T
b1 b2 b3
a3 b3
2×3
3×2
Properties :
1) (AT)T = A
2) (A + B)T = AT + B T Add and transpose is same as transpose and add
3) (KA)T = K(AT) K → constant
4) (AB)T = BTAT (Reversal law holds)
(A1 × A2…. = (AnT ….. A2T A1T) Generalized as

A n )T
Symmetric Matrix:
Matrix A is said to be a Symmetric Matrix if: AT = A
which means it basically is Symmetric about the Diagonal.
i.e. aij = aji
a b c
Example b e f
c f g
Skew – Symmetric Matrix:
Matrix A is said to be Skew–Symmetric if: AT = –A
i.e. aij = – aji
Properties Example 0 b c
aii = 0 ∀i≤n –b 0 f
–c –f 0
Proof: aij = –aji ⇒ aii = –aii
⇒ aii = 0
Every matrix A can be written as sum of a Symmetric and a Skew–Symmetric Matrix.
1 1
A = (A + AT) + (A – AT)
2 2
Symmetric Skew – symmetric
The determinant of Skew-Symmetric Matrix of Odd Order is Zero.

Adjoint of a Matrix
For any Square Matrix A, Adjoint of ‘A’ is defined as ‘Transpose’ of the Matrix obtained by
replacing all elements of Matrix A by their “Co–Factors”.
A a11 a12 a13
a21 a22 a23
=
a31 a32 a33
Co factor C11 C21 C31
Matrix of A C11 C12 C13
= C21 C22 C23 So Adj (A) = C12 C22 C32
C31 C32 C33 C13 C23 C33
Adj(A) = (Co – factor Matrix (A))T
Properties of Adjoint of a Matrix

For Non–Singular Square Matrices, A and B we have the following results:
adj (AB) = adj(B)×adj(A) (Reversal law holds)

Property 1
Property 2 adj(kAn) = kn–1 adj (An) (k ⇒ constant)
Property 3 adj(AT) = (adj A)T (AT⇒ Transpose)
Property 4 |adj(A)| = |A|n–1 (|A|⇒ Determinant)
Property 5 adj(adj(A)) = |A|n–2 × A
Property 6 |adj(adj(A))| = |A|(n–1)2

Inverse
The conjugate of a complex of Matrix
number is denoted by Z
A If Z =matrix
square a + of
ib order n isZinvertible
then = a – ib if there exists a square matrix B of the
same order such that,
AB = In = BA
In such a case, we say that the inverse of A is B and we write, A–1 = B.
Clearly if A is non-singular (i.e. |A| ≠ 0) then A–1 is defined, and is given by
1
A–1 = × (adj(A)) Note: A–1 × A = I
|A|
Properties of Inverse of a Matrix
Property 1 Inverse of a matrix is unique
Property 2 (AB)–1 = B–1A–1 (Reversal law)
Property 3 If A is an invertible square matrix; Then (A)T is also invertible and

(AT)–1 = (A–1)T
Property 4 The inverse of an invertible symmetric matrix is a symmetric matrix.
1
Property 5 | A–1 | = | A |–1 i.e. | A–1 | =
|A|
CRAMER’S RULE
#LetsSHOOT
NDA CRASH COURSE
Designed for our NDA Aspirants
Dreaming of Serving the

NATION?
Is your
Destination to
learn
How to Crack ‘NDA 2020 EXAM’ in 180
Hours?
➢ Extensive Online LIVE Classes to cover entire NDA Syllabus
➢ Number of classes per week - 12 Classes
➢ List of subjects: Math, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, English,Social
Science
➢ Number of Assignments - 60
➢ Number of Tests - 10
➢ Unlimited Doubt Solving with Master Teachers & get their notes
ENROLLMENT DETAILS
➢ NDA Crash Course is starting from,
22nd June 2020
➢ NDA Crash Course is Scheduled,
Monday to Saturdays
➢ NDA Crash Course SHORTLINK,

http://vdnt.in/nda2020
➢ NDA Crash Course Price,

Rs. 8999/- after discount by apply
Coupon Code “ NDACC ”
#LetsSHOOT
Q1. If x + a + b + c = 0, then what is the value of
NDA - II 2019
A 0
B (a + b + c)2
C a2 + b2 + c2
D a+b+c-2
Solution:
Q1. If x + a + b + c = 0, then what is the value of
NDA - II 2019
A 0
B (a + b + c)2
C a2 + b2 + c2
D a+b+c-2
Q2. If , then the expression A3 - 2A2 is
NDA - II 2019
A A null matrix
B An identity matrix
C Equal to A
D Equal ti -A
Solution:
Q2. If , then the expression A3 - 2A2 is
NDA - II 2019
A A null matrix
B An identity matrix
C Equal to A
D Equal ti -A
Q3. What is the value of the determinants
NDA - II 2019
A 0
B 12
C 24
D 36
Solution:
Q3. What is the value of the determinants
NDA - II 2019
A 0
B 12
C 24
D 36
Q4. What are the values of x that satisfy the equation
NDA - II 2019
A
D
Solution:
Q4. What are the values of x that satisfy the equation
NDA - II 2019
A
D
Q5. If , then what is adjoint of B equal to ?
NDA - I 2019
A
D It does not exist

Solution:
Q5. If , then what is adjoint of B equal to ?
NDA - I 2019
A
D It does not exist

#LetsSHOOT
Q6. If , then what are the values of x and y respectively?
NDA - I 2019
A -3,4
B 3,4
C 3,-4
D -3,-4
Solution:
Q6. If , then what are the values of x and y respectively?
NDA - I 2019
A -3,4
B 3,4
C 3,-4
D -3,-4
Q7. What is the inverse of the matrix
NDA - I 2018
A
D
Solution:
Q7. What is the inverse of the matrix
NDA - I 2018
A
D
Q8. If A is a 2 × 3 matrix and AB is a 2 × 5 matrix, then B must be a
NDA - I 2018
A 3 × 5 matrix
B 5 × 3 matrix
C 3 × 2 matrix
D 5 × 2 matrix
Solution:
Q8. If A is a 2 × 3 matrix and AB is a 2 × 5 matrix, then B must be a
NDA - I 2018
A 3 × 5 matrix
B 5 × 3 matrix
C 3 × 2 matrix
D 5 × 2 matrix
Q9. If and A2 - kA - I2 = O, where I2 is the 2 × 2 identity matrix,

then what is the value of k?
NDA - I 2018
A 4
B -4
C 8
D -8
Solution:
Q9. If and A2 - kA - I2 = O, where I2 s the 2 × 2 identity matrix,

then what is the value of k?
NDA - I 2018
A 4
B -4
C 8
D -8
Q10. For a square matrix A, which of the following properties hold?
1. 3.
NDA - II 2018
2.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
A 1 and 2 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 1,2, and 3
Solution:
Q10. For a square matrix A, which of the following properties hold?
1. 3.
2.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

NDA - II 2018
A 1 and 2 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 1,2, and 3
#LetsSHOOT
Q11. Which one of the following factors does the expansions of the determinant
contain ?
A x-3
NDA - II 2018
B x-y
C Y-3
D x-3y
Solution:
Q11. Which one of the following factors does the expansions of the determinant
contain ?
A x-3
NDA - II 2018
B x-y
C Y-3
D x-3y
Q12. What is the adjoint of the matrix
NDA - II 2018
A
D
Solution:
Q12. What is the adjoint of the matrix
NDA - II 2018
A
D
Q13. If then α is equal to
NDA - I 2017
A
D
Solution:
Q13. If then α is equal to
NDA - I 2017
A
D
Q14. If B is a non-singular matrix and A is a square matrix, then the

value of det(B-1 AB) is equal to
A det (B) NDA - I 2017
B det (A)
C det (B-1)
D det (A-1)
Solution:
Q14. If B is a non-singular matrix and A is a square matrix, then the

value of det(B-1 AB) is equal to
A det (B) NDA - I 2017
B det (A)
C det (B-1)
D det (A-1)
Q15. If a ≠ b ≠ c, then one value of x which satisfies the equation

Is given by
A a NDA - I 2017
B b
C c
D 0
Q15. If a ≠ b ≠ c, then one value of x which satisfies the equation

is given by
NDA - I 2017
A a
B b
C c
D 0
#LetsSHOOT
Q16. The equations
A Have the unique solution NDA - I 2017
B Have infinitely many solutions
C Are inconsistent
D None of the above

Solution:
Q16. The equations
A Have the unique solution NDA - I 2017
B Have infinitely many solutions
C Are inconsistent
D None of the above

Q17. If α and β are the roots of the equation 1 + x + x2 = 0, then the

matrix product is equal to
NDA - II 2017
A
D
Solution:
α
β
Q17. If α and β are the roots of the equation 1 + x + x2 = 0, then the

matrix product is equal to
NDA - II 2017
A
D
Q18. If A is a square matrix, then the value of adjAT - (adj A)T is equal to
A A NDA - I 2017
B 2|A|I, where I is the identity matrix
C Null matrix whose order is same as that of A
D Unit matrix whose order is same as that of A

Solution:
Q18. If A is a square matrix, then the value of adjAT - (adj A)T is equal to
A A NDA - I 2017
B 2|A|I, where I is the identity matrix
C Null matrix whose order is same as that of A
D Unit matrix whose order is same as that of A

Q19. The value of the determinant for all values of θ, is
A 1 NDA - I 2017
B Cos θ
C Sin θ
D Cos 2θ
Solution:
Q19. The value of the determinant for all values of θ, is
A 1 NDA - I 2017
B Cos θ
C Sin θ
D Cos 2θ
Q20. If a, b, c are non-zero real numbers, then the inverse of the matrix
is equal to
A NDA - I 2017
D
Solution:
Q20. If a, b, c are non-zero real numbers, then the inverse of the matrix
Is equal to
NDA - I 2017
A
D
#LetsSHOOT
Q21. Consider the following in respect of the matrix

1. A2 = -A
2. A3 = 4 A
Which of the above is/are correct ?
A 1 only NDA - 2016
B 2 only
C Both 1 and 2
D Neither 1 nor 2
Solution:
Q21. Consider the following in respect of the matrix

1. A2 = -A
2. A3 = 4 A
Which of the above is/are correct ?
A 1 only NDA - 2016
B 2 only
C Both 1 and 2
D Neither 1 nor 2
Q22. Which of the following determinants have value ‘zero’ ?

1. 2. 3.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
A NDA - I 2016
1 and 2 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3
Solution:
Q22. Which of the following determinants have value ‘zero’ ?

1. 2. 3.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
A NDA - I 2016
1 and 2 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3
Q23. Which one of the following matrix is an elementary matrix ?
A NDA - I 2015
D
Solution:
Q23. Which one of the following matrix is an elementary matrix ?
NDA - I 2015
A
D
Q24. If then the matrix X for which 2X + 3A = 0 holds

true is
NDA - II 2015
A
D
Solution:
Q24. If then the matrix X for which 2X + 3A = 0 holds

true is
NDA - II 2015
A
D
#LetsSHOOT
Q25. Consider the following in respect of the matrix ;

1. The matrix A is skew-symmetric.
2. The matrix A is symmetric.
3. The matrix A is invertible.
Which of the above statements is/are correct ?
NDA - I 2014
A 1 only
B 3 only
C 1 and 3
D 2 and 3
Thank You
Q25. Consider the following in respect of the matrix ;

1. The matrix A is skew-symmetric.
2. The matrix A is symmetric.
3. The matrix A is invertible.
Which of the above statements is/are correct ?
NDA - I 2014
A 1 only
B 3 only
C 1 and 3
D 2 and 3
Solution:

Nda+2020 +Matrices+&+Determinants+in+1+Shot

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Nda+2020 +Matrices+&+Determinants+in+1+Shot

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Nda+2020 +Matrices+&+Determinants+in+1+Shot

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

NDA 2020: MATRICES & DETERMINANTS in 1 SHOT

NDA 2020: MATRICES & DETERMINANTS in 1 SHOT

Josh Tank full ?

Previous Year Paper Analysis

Year NDA - MATRICES & DETERMINANTS

A Matrix is an arrangement of various elements

a11 a12 …………… a1n

a11 a12. . . . . . . . a1n

a11 A matrix with only one column

5) Vertical matrix: A Matrix that looks vertical.

a11 a12 a1n i.e. m = n

Trace : Trace is the Sum of Diagonal Elements.

I) Upper Triangular Matrix Matrix with, all lower diagonal entries:

a11 a12 a13 …...… a1n

an1 an2 am3 …...… amn

What is triangular matrix and define various types of triangular matrices ?

III) Diagonal Matrix: Matrix with, all non-diagonal entries: Zero

Equality: Two matrices are said to be equal if:

1. Their orders are equal

Addition of matrices Two matrices can be added only if :

1 2 3 2 4 0 1+2 2+4 3+0

a11 a12 a13 ka11 ka12 ka13

2 4 4 8 When a matrix is multiplied by a

Multiplication of two Matrices :

Number of Columns of First Matrix should be

1. Matrix multiplication is not commutative in general.

A×B≠B×A Not always true

2. Matrix multiplication is associative.

Am×n × On×n = Om×n

5. Exponential laws hold for square matrices, i.e.

Matrix obtained by Interchanging Rows and Columns is called Transpose of a Matrix.

2) (A + B)T = AT + B T Add and transpose is same as transpose and add

3) (KA)T = K(AT) K → constant

4) (AB)T = BTAT (Reversal law holds)

(A1 × A2…. = (AnT ….. A2T A1T) Generalized as

Matrix A is said to be a Symmetric Matrix if: AT = A

which means it basically is Symmetric about the Diagonal.

i.e. aij = aji

Skew – Symmetric Matrix:

Matrix A is said to be Skew–Symmetric if: AT = –A

i.e. aij = – aji

Every matrix A can be written as sum of a Symmetric and a Skew–Symmetric Matrix.

Symmetric Skew – symmetric

The determinant of Skew-Symmetric Matrix of Odd Order is Zero.

Properties of Adjoint of a Matrix

adj (AB) = adj(B)×adj(A) (Reversal law holds)

Property 2 adj(kAn) = kn–1 adj (An) (k ⇒ constant)

Property 3 adj(AT) = (adj A)T (AT⇒ Transpose)

Property 4 |adj(A)| = |A|n–1 (|A|⇒ Determinant)

Property 5 adj(adj(A)) = |A|n–2 × A

Property 6 |adj(adj(A))| = |A|(n–1)2

In such a case, we say that the inverse of A is B and we write, A–1 = B.

Clearly if A is non-singular (i.e. |A| ≠ 0) then A–1 is defined, and is given by

Properties of Inverse of a Matrix

Property 1 Inverse of a matrix is unique

Property 2 (AB)–1 = B–1A–1 (Reversal law)

Property 3 If A is an invertible square matrix; Then (A)T is also invertible and

Property 4 The inverse of an invertible symmetric matrix is a symmetric matrix.

Dreaming of Serving the

➢ Number of classes per week - 12 Classes