PURE, CONDITIIOONAL & ↪In partial payment depende ra sa debtor, and conditional

↪In due time obligation shall be VOID.(SUSPENSIVE

WITH A PERIOD CONDITION)
PURE - no condition
SUSPENSIVE CONDITION
Characteristics: EXAMPLE: “I will pay you if ganahan
- the obligation will arise once the
- demandable at once rako”
condition happens.
- the obligation does not exist yet gurl? Ikaw pay nangutang niya mo bayad
CONDITIONAL - condition to a obligation rakag feel2 ra nimo? Bagon ulo beps.
until the happening of the obligation.
with suspensive condition VOID
CONDITION
☯ 2 KINDS OF CONDITIONS - dependent on an uncertain event. If mag depende sa chance or will sa
☛ SUSPENSIVE third person, Valid ra siya.
☛ RESOLUTORY CONDITION - same effect EXAMPLE: A told B that he will give B an
with PURE condition, demandable at once ipone 13 if makapasar siya sa CPALE. ☯ 3 KINDS OF CONDITION
☛ POTESTATIVE
WITH A PERIOD - you have to wait sa Characteristics: - depends on the will of the parties.
period/time to come before demanding. ↪ Future and uncertain - we shall clarify.
- the obligation is already existing ↪ Past but unknown
↪ Must be possible of performance ✎ NOTE: DEBTOR
☯ 2 KINDS OF PERIOD even if potestative on part of the
☛ SUSPENSIVE ART 1181 debtor, BUT Resolutory siya (demandable
☛ RESOLUTORY PERIOD ☯ 2 KINDS OF CONDITIONS at once) VALID ra.
- same characteristic as pure obligation ☛SUSPENSIVE EXAMPLE: “hatagan tikag allowance
- acquisition of rights hangtud sa maka graduate ka”
ART 1180 ”if” or “when” Kung Suspensive Condition pud siya kay
kung and nangutang mismo ang nag bind sa - you have to wait upon the happening of VOID.
iyang kaugalingon para bayran iyang the condition usa mo arise ang EXAMPLE: “I will pay you if ganahan
utang tapos gi approve rapud sa isa obligation. rako”
(creditor) then the obligation is a one gurl? Ikaw pay nangutang niya mo bayad
WITH A PERIOD. ☛RESOLUTORY rakag feel2 ra nimo? Bagon ulo beps.
- extinguishment or loss of rights VOID
(mao ni sila mga ipang ingon ni debtor) already acquired.
↪When I have the capacity ”until”
↪When I am in the position to pay - it’s already effective niya kung ✎ NOTE: CREDITOR
↪I will pay you little by little mahitabo na kay ma extinguish na siya. even if it is suspensive,it is VALID
↪from time to time EXAMPLE:“I will pay you if you
↪as soon as possible ART 1182 like”so naay power mangayo si
↪As soon as I have money if the fulfillment of the condition mag
creditor kung kanus a siya ganahan mo EFFECT: Annul the obligation which CONDITIONS
kolekta ni debtor kay mao may sulti ni depends upon them, 1. PHYSICALLY IMPOSSIBLE CONDITIONS
debtor niya. - cannot exist or cannot be done.
✎ NOTE: HOWEVER! If divisible ang EXAMPLE: “hatagan kag 10k if di mo uwan
Kung resolutory pud, VALID japon. obligation malahi ang impossible/illegal og usa ka tuig”
ang part nga possible og legal may ma
valid.
2. LEGALLY IMPOSSIBLE CONDITIONS
- contrary to law, morals, good customs,
- the condition not to do an impossible public order, and public policy.
thing shall be considered as not having
been agreed upon. ☯ OTHER KINDS OF CONDITIONS
ART 1184
Kung ang gi demand is not to do an = POSITIVE CONDITION
impossible thing, it is not considered - something to happen
as agreed upon,I disregard lang ang condition of event happen at a
condition so mahimong pure and it will determinate time shall extinguish the
be demandable at once. obligation.
EXAMPLE: “hatagan tikag balay kung
EXAMPLE: “hatagan tikag 1 billion kung makasal ka ni B within this year”
di ka ka adto og jupiter” niya kay di
☛ CASUAL man jud siya kaadtog jupiter, maong ma ma extinguish siya kung 1.malapas na ana
- depends on the will of the third consider na siyag gi agree na nila niya nga year or 2.di na pwede mahitabo kay
person or chance she/he can demand the 1 billion. namatay ang usa ninyo.
ART 1185
☛ MIXED = NEGATIVE CONDITION
- depends on the will of one of the ✎ NOTE: obligation and condition - something that shouldn’t happen
contracting parties and a third person - The condition that some event will not
or chance. TO DO an IMPOSSIBLE thing - both valid happen at a determinate time shall
render the obligation effective.
ART 1183 TO DO an ILLEGAL thing - both void
=IMPOSSIBLE AND ILLEGAL CONDITIONS + from the moment the time indicated has
IMPOSSIBLE NOT TO DO an ILLEGAL thing - both valid lapsed
-not capable of happening +if it has become evident that the event
NOT TO DO an IMPOSSIBLE thing - cannot occur.
ILLEGAL disregard the condition but the
- contrary to law, good customs, and obligation remains. - if no time has been fixed, the
public policy. condition shall be deemed fulfilled at
such time as may have probably been
☯ 2 KINDS OF IMPOSSIBLE
contemplated, bearing in mind the nature to give, once the condition has been ART 1189
of the obligation. fulfilled, shall retroact to the day of =WHEN RESOLUTORY CONDITION FULFILLED
✎ NOTE: bali ra siya sa Positive, imbis the constitution of the obligation. kung resolutory happens, it will
di ka ka collect kay nalapas ka or EXAMPLE: A will give a land of mango extinguish the condition.
namatay ang usa within the year…. diri fruits to B if he pass the CPA exams.
sa negative kay maka collect ka. Then sa wa pa naabot ang exams kay * Kung ma extinguish ang resolutory
namonga ang mga mango. It doesn’t condition to give, ipa uli ang unsa
ART 1186 matter, kung dugay pa,ang mag tag iya ilang na receive.
= CONSTRUCTIVE FULFILLMENT ana kay si B kay mo retroact man og
kung gi prevent sa debtor ang iyang kanus a gi promise, as to fruits. EXAMPLE: ni promise si A nga hatagan
obligation nga mahitabo, (he himself *if reciprocal prestation, no need to allowance si B until mahuman siyag
voluntarily do so) kay di na siya ganhan demand for the fruits, ang main skwela. Niya nahuman gyud uroy siyag
mo bayad or unsa, still the condition is obligation ra. skwela so ma extinguish na ang
fulfilled *kung Unilateral obligation pud, ang mag condition, but sa law once ma extinguish
EXAMPLE: A promised nga hatagan niyag tag iya kay si debtor(sa fruits), unless dapat ipa uli tanan nga nadawat ni B.
house and lot si B kung maka pasar siyas nalng og nag volunteer siya nga apil to mao na siya gipasabot ani nga part.
Board Exams. Later on, di na siya iyang ihatag.
ganahan manghatag og house and lot maong * In case of loss, deterioration and
gi priso niyas B. *If to do and not to do, ang court may improvement.
mo decide kung kinsay mo own sa fruits
basta ing ani nga si debtor jud ang nag LOSS
prevent, the condition shall be deemed ART 1188 - there is loss when a thing perishes
fulfilled. =PAYMENT BEFORE CONDITION IS FULFILLED that it’s existence cannot be
SITUATION: A promised to B to give 1M if recovered.
REQUISITES: makapasar si B sa CPALE, then before pa RULES: need to identify the cause of the
↪ The fulfillment is prevented by the ang exams ning bayad na daan si A. (so loss, niya if dili sala sa debtor,
Debtor. wala pa na fulfill ang condition) obligation is extinguish. Pero kung
↪ The prevention is voluntary on the nawagtang kay gadanghag siya ma claiman
Debtor. * CREDITOR, pwede mag ask daan ni og damages (monitary obligation)
creditor nga mag deposit na daan para og
ART 1187 na fulfill na ang condition, naa na daan DETERIORATION
=RETROACTIVITY, AS TO FRUITS ang bayad. - to deteriorate means the value of the
(sa conditional obligation, since di hing decreases
siya demandable at once,possible siya * DEBTOR, if na mistake ra og hatag ni RULES:without the fault sa debtor, ang
nga mo bare og fruits. QUESTION: who creditor kay gatuo jd siyag nakapasar mo shoulder sa negative kay si creditor,
will own the fruits) ka, pwede niya ma claim og balik ang niya og sala sa debtor, pwede I either
unsay nahatag niya nimo. fulfill ni creditor or I cancel and both
*The effects of conditional obligation with damages.
 imong ka konrata mao nang minus-san -SUSPENSIVE (EX DIE)
IMPROVEMENT gamay imong damages. obligation becomes demandable upon
-the value of the thing increases *Kung di mahibaw an kinsay unang naka arrival of the day.
RULES: kung wala gi tuyo ni debtor, si sala, the obligation is deemed
creditor may mo bayad sa na increase. extinguish, tagsa silang mo carry sa -RESOLUTORY (IN DIEM)
Kung gi tuyo pud, di siya (debtor) maka ilang kaugalingong damages obligation is demandable at once,
tag iya sa improvements. although it is terminated upon arrival
✎ NOTE: kung kinsa toy unang nakasala, of the day certain.
ART 1190 siya puy ma liable, ma minusan lang jud
= RECISSION IN RECIPROCAL OBLIGATION og masad an ang usa ☛ACCORDING TO SOURCE
* the power to rescind obligation is - LEGAL
implied in reciprocal ones, in case one ART 1193 granted by law
of the obligors should not comply with = OBLIGATION WITH A PERIOD
what is incumbent upon him. - demandable ra kung kanus a maabot ang - CONVENTIONAL
oras stipulated by the parties
* the injured party may choice either - obligations with a resolutory period
fulfillment and rescission og obligation take effect at once, but terminate upon - JUDICIAL
with payment for damages. arrival of the day certain fixed by the courts
✎ NOTE: to rescind - the right to - a day certain, sure jud ning mahitabo.
cancel or resolve the contract in case ☛ ACCORDING TO DEFINITENESS
of non-fulfillment of obligation. PERIOD - DEFINITE
- a certain length which determines the period or time is known beforehand
Bisan og implied, dapat mo adto japon sa effectivity or extinguishment of naa juy time
court para mahibaw an og naa ba juy obligations.
violation. So dili siya automatic dayon - INDEFINITE
nga ma rescind - interval of time which exerts an period is certain to come although not
EXCEPTIONS: influence on an obligation as a known beforehand
✒ kung gi stipulate nga automatic ang consequences of a juridical act either EXAMPLE: I will give you 5k if you die.
rescission, mao na pwede ma rescind suspends its demandability or produces Certain nga mamatay ka pero di sure
dayon its extinguishment. kanus a.
✒ kung wala pa na perform, executory
pa. REQUISITES:
↪ must refer to the future
ART 1192 ↪ must be certain
= BREACH BY BOTH PARTIES ↪ must be possible
* ang duha ka parties may nakasala. Kung
kinsa tung unang nakasala, siya may ☯KINDS OF PERIOD
first liable but since nakasala pud ☛ACCORDING TO EFFECT
 EXCEPTIONS:
ART 1194 PERIOD FOR THE BENEFIT OF THR DEBTOR
= refer to art. 1189 PERIOD FOR THE BENEFIT OD CREDITOR

ART 1195 ART 1197

= PAYMENT BEFORE PERIOD ARRIVES = FIXING THE PERIOD
if unaware of the period or believing the court will fix the period. If ma
that obligation has become due and determine, di na ma change sa parties.
demandable, may be recovered, with
fruits and interests ART 1198
=DEBIT LOSES BENEFIT OF PERIOD
NOTE: if bad faith si creditor, liable
siya for damages

ART 1196
=BENEFIT OF THE PERIOD
GENERAL RULE: the date is presumed to
have been established for the benefit of
both the creditor and debtor