How To Write A Concept Paper

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BRIEF: HOW TO WRITE A CONCEPT PAPER

Funders often ask for brief 1- to 5-page concept papers (also called “white papers” in
the government contracting sector) prior to submission of a full proposal. This helps
them save time by eliminating ideas that are not likely to be funded.

Applicants may use concept papers in any of the following ways:

▪ to interest potential funders


▪ to develop potential solutions or investigations into project ideas
▪ to determine whether a project idea is fundable
▪ to serve as the foundation of a full proposal

Funders that request concept papers often provide a template or format. If templates
or formats are not provided, the following can serve as a useful concept paper
structure.

THE FIVE ELEMENTS OF A CONCEPT PAPER

1 The first section, the Introduction, identifies how and where the applicant’s
mission and the funder’s mission intersect or align. It addresses the reasons why
the funder should support projects in the given general area. It also introduces
the applicant’s partners and shows why the partners want to participate in the
project.

2 Second is the Purpose or Need or Rationale, which outlines what others have
written about the general topic and focuses on the gap in knowledge to be filled,
the problem to be solved, or the need to be addressed by the applicant’s
proposed project. Similar to a literature review, this section allows the applicant
to state the purpose or need in such a way that the applicant’s project is the best
possible solution to the problem. Also, it often provides statements addressing
the significance of the project (showing why the project should be supported).

In some cases, these first two sections are merged into a Background section that both
introduces the alignment between the two organizations’ missions and provides the
need statement.
BRIEF: HOW TO WRITE A CONCEPT PAPER

3 Third is the Project Description, functioning as the solution to the problem, the
answer to the need, or the investigation that will fill the knowledge gap. In this
section, the applicant addresses the unique, unusual, distinctive, innovative,
and/or novel aspects of the approach, showing why the applicant’s team has the
best solution and presenting a compelling case for funding.

The project description includes the project’s Goals and Objectives. A goal is an
abstract state of being, a condition, an end, or an aspiration while objectives are
statements of measurable outcomes that, collectively, will help the applicant
measure progress toward accomplishing the project goal(s). For example, a goal
might be to improve student academic performance via a structured
professional development program for teachers, while an objective might be to
offer a specific kind of workshop or seminar on a particular topic for a defined
set of teachers in a K-12 school district.

The project description also includes an overview of the project’s Methodology


(sometimes called Project Activities or Action Plan or Approach). The goals,
objectives, and methods (or activities) will need to align closely with each other
and will need to be accomplished within the proposed Timeline, expressed in
either months or years. The methods or activities will need to be congruent with
or based on what has been tried in the field in the past, they must be based on
empirical evidence, and they will need to be both reasonable in cost and
complexity and accomplishable within the proposed timeline.

The project description typically concludes with a statement of Benefits (or


Anticipated Outcomes) along with a description of who will benefit and how.

4 The fourth section, Support or Budget, contains either (1) an outline of the main
budget categories for the requested project support or (2) a single bottom-line
amount of the request and a brief discussion of how that amount will be used.
Some concept papers may not even include an amount requested.

5 The fifth and final section provides the Contact Information of the applicant
organization’s chief executive or his/her designee authorized to make funding
requests.

The above is a suggested general outline for a concept paper. Ultimately, if a given
funder provides a specific template or format, the applicant must use the prescribed
structure.

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