8

Science Activity Sheet

Quarter 3 – MELC 3
Week 5-6
Particles in an Atom

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

Science Grade 8
Activity Sheet No. 5- Particles in an Atom
First Edition, 2021

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition
the payment of royalties.

This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region 6 – Western

Visayas.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be

reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6 – Western Visayas.

Development Team of Science 8 Activity Sheet

Writer: Cristina P. Gimena

Editors: Jonah D. Denlos, Rose L.Lizardo, Merry Joy C. Claur
Reviewer: Natalie A. Fernandez
Illustrators: Jerome Jordan Z. Ponsica
Layout artists: Eldiardo E. Dela Pena
Division Escalante Management Team:
Clarissa G. Zamora
Ermi V. Miranda
Ivy Joy A. Torres
Jason R. Alpay
Mae Joy M. Tan
Ethel S. Gali
Natalie A. Fernandez
Regional Management Team:
Ramir B. Uytico
Pedro T. Escobarte, Jr.
Dr. Elena P. Gonzaga
Donald T. Genine
Rovel R. Salcedo
Moonyeen C. Rivera
Anita S. Gubalane
Minda L. Soldevilla
Daisy L. Lopez
Joseph M. Pagalaran
Introductory Message
Welcome to Science Grade 8!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the

Schools Division of Escalante City and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western Visayas
through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD). This is
developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents and responsible adults)
in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Basic Education
Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials aimed to

guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using the
contextualized resources in the community. This will also assist the learners in
acquiring the lifelong learning skills, knowledge and attitudes for productivity and
employment.

For learning facilitator:

The Science Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the leaching-learning
activities specified in each Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC) with minimal
or no face-to-face encounter between you and learner. This will be made available to
the learners with the references/links to ease the independent learning.

For the learner:

The Science Activity Sheet is developed to help you continue learning even if
you are not in school. This learning material provides you with meaningful and
engaging activities for independent learning. Being an active learner, carefully read
and understand the instructions then perform the activities and answer the
assessments. This will be returned to your facilitator on the agreed schedule.
Name of Learner: _____________________________________________________
Grade and Section:____________________________ Date: ___________________

SCIENCE 8 ACTIVITY SHEET No. 5

Particles in an Atom

I. Learning Competency with Code

Determine the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in a particular
atom (S8MT-IIIe-f-10)

II. Background Information for Learners

You already have learned what an atom is. But do you know what is inside the
tiny atom? Indirect evidence can help you build the picture of the atom your mind
sees. And you, like the scientist, can get excited when this picture explains many
of your previous observations and questions.

It has been said that matter has electrically charged particles and these
particles are smaller than the atom.

In this learning activity you will learn to determine the number of the three
important fundamental particles of atom which are electrons, protons, and neutrons.

III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Educational Sites

Department of Education. (2014). K-12 Basic Education Curriculum,
Science 8 Learner’s Material pages 203-204 . Pasig City, Philippines

IV. Activity Proper

Atoms had become more real. The properties of its parts, or subatomic
particles, were already known. The developments described, therefore lead you to
the conclusion that though tiny as the atom is, it is composed of even smaller
particles such as protons, electrons and neutrons.
The nucleus of the atom contains the protons and neutrons, collectively called
the nucleons, because of their location in the atom. The mass of the proton is almost
the same as that of the neutron. Atom is mostly empty space in the since that
electrons circle the nucleus at great distances. The mass of the atom is
concentrated in a very small nucleus because the mass of electron is negligible
compared to that of the proton and neutron.
The proton is positively charged particle which cancels exactly the negative
charge of the electron and neutron is neutrally charge.
While atoms are all made up of protons, electrons and neutrons, they differ in the
number of subatomic particles present. The experiment conducted by Henry Mosely
on the radioactive emissions of elements, found a way of counting the number of
protons. The number of protons of an element is called atomic number and is
expressed as Z. It identifies an element and is equal to the number of protons in the
 nucleus of the atom. Since atom is electrically neutral, atomic number also
represents the number of electrons.
Different atomic numbers also mean differences in mass. The mass number in
a nucleus is the combined number of protons and neutrons and is expressed as A.
The neutrons of the atom can be identified by getting the difference of mass number
and number of protons.
In chemistry you learn to use and interpret a notation of atomic number and
atomic mass. In this instance, you write capital letter X as the symbol of an element,
a pre-superscript to indicate mass number A (protons + neutrons), and a post-
superscript to indicate the atomic number Z as shown below.
A
XZ
Activity 1: What’s in a number?

Directions: Read, understand the notes given above and complete the table by
giving the data needed as shown in the notation given below. Write your answers
on a separate sheet of paper.
1.
Element Name of Mass Atomic Number Number of Number of
Symbol Element Number Number of Electrons Neutrons
Protons

Fe
26

55.845

Note: Round off the atomic mass to a whole number.

2. Refer to the periodic table.

Guide questions:
1. What is the element with an atomic number of 15?
2. How many protons does the atom of this element have?
3. How many protons are there in an atom of aluminum?
4. Which element has the smallest number of protons in its atom?
5. What is the atomic mass of magnesium (Mg)? How about Potassium
(K) and carbon (C)?
6. How many neutrons are there in an atom of oxygen (O) and fluorine
(F)?
3. Complete the table below.

No. Name of Atomic Mass Number Number of Number

Element Number Number of electrons of
protons neutrons
A B C D=B E=D F=C-B
Example
Boron 5 11 5 5 6

1 Barium 56 56
2 Chromium 24 28
3 Magnesium 12 24 12
4 Beryllium 9 5
5 Nitrogen 7 14
6 Osmium 190 76
7 Zinc 30 30 35
8 Gold 197 118
9 Iridium 77 77
10 Sulfur 32 16 16
IV. Reflection

Complete the sentence with your reflections on the activity

The most important thing that I have learned is

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

I have realized that

____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

I will apply that

_____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

V. Answer Key

16 16 16 32 16 Sulfur 10
115 77 77 192 77 Iridium 9
118 79 79 197 79 Gold 8
35 30 30 65 30 Zinc 7
114 76 76 190 76 Osmium 6
7 7 7 14 7 Nitrogen 5
5 4 4 9 4 Beryllium 4
12 12 12 24 12 Magnesium 3
28 24 24 52 24 Chromium 2
81 56 56 137 56 Barium 1
6 5 5 11 5 Boron Example
F=C-B D=B C B A
neutrons E=D protons
of electrons of Number Number Element No.
Number Number of Number Mass Atomic Name of

3. Answers

6.O-8, F-10
5. Mg-24.30, K-39.10, C-12
4. Hydrogen
3.13 protons
2.15 protons
1. Phosphorus
2. Answers
30 26 26 26 56 Iron Fe
Neutrons Electrons Protons Number Mass Name Symbol
No. of No. of No. of Atomic Atomic Element Element
1. Answers: