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Java for Loop
In this tutorial, we will learn how to use for loop in Java
with the help of examples and we will also learn about the
working of Loop in computer programming.
In computer programming, loops are used to repeat a
block of code. For example, if you want to show a
message 100 times, then rather than typing the same
code 100 times, you can use a loop.
In Java, there are three types of loops.
for loop
while loop (https://www.programiz.com/java-
programming/do-while-loop#syntax-while)
do...while loop (/java-programming/do-while-loop#do-
while-loop)
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Java for Loop
Java for loop is used to run a block of code for a certain
number of times. The syntax of for loop is:
for (initialExpression; testExpression; updateExpression)
// body of the loop
Here,
1. The initialExpression initializes and/or declares
variables and executes only once.
2. The condition is evaluated. If the condition is true ,
the body of the for loop is executed.
3. The updateExpression updates the value of
initialExpression.
4. The condition is evaluated again. The process
continues until the condition is false .
To learn more about the conditions, visit Java relational
(/java-programming/operators#equality-relational) and
logical operators (/java-
programming/operators#logical).
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Flowchart of Java for loop
Example 1: Display a Text Five Times
// Program to print a text 5 times
class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n = 5;
// for loop
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
System.out.println("Java is fun");
}
}
Run Code (/java-programming/online-compiler)
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Output
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Java is fun
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Java is fun
Java is fun
Java is fun
Java is fun
Here is how this program works.
Condition: i
Iteration Variable Action
<= n
Java is fun is
i = 1
1st true printed.
n = 5
i is increased to 2.
Java is fun is
i = 2
2nd true printed.
n = 5
i is increased to 3.
Java is fun is
i = 3
3rd true printed.
n = 5
i is increased to 4.
Java is fun is
i = 4
4th true printed.
n = 5
i is increased to 5.
Java is fun is
i = 5
5th true printed.
n = 5
i is increased to 6.
i = 6
The loop is
6th false
n = 5 terminated.
Example 2: Display numbers from 1 to 5
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// Program to print numbers from 1 to 5
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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int n = 5;
// for loop
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
System.out.println(i);
}
}
Run Code (/java-programming/online-compiler)
Output
5
Hereour
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Iteration
for
tutorials Condition:
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Variable
i
and examples Action
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<= n
FREE
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i = 1
1 is printed.
1st true
n = 5 i is increased to 2.
i = 2
2 is printed.
2nd true
n = 5 i is increased to 3.
i = 3
3 is printed.
3rd true
n = 5 i is increased to 4.
i = 4
4 is printed.
4th true
n = 5 i is increased to 5.
i = 5
5 is printed.
5th true
n = 5 i is increased to 6.
i = 6
The loop is
6th false
n = 5 terminated.
Example 3: Display Sum of n Natural Numbers
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// Program to find the sum of natural numbers from 1 to 1
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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int sum = 0;
int n = 1000;
// for loop
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
// body inside for loop
sum += i; // sum = sum + i
System.out.println("Sum = " + sum);
Run Code (/java-programming/online-compiler)
Output:
Sum = 500500
Here, the value of sum is 0 initially. Then, the for loop is
iterated from i = 1 to 1000 . In each iteration, i is added
to sum and its value is increased by 1.
When i becomes 1001, the test condition is false and
sum will be equal to 0 + 1 + 2 + .... + 1000 .
The above program to add the sum of natural numbers
can also be written as
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// Program to find the sum of natural numbers from 1 to 1
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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int sum = 0;
int n = 1000;
// for loop
for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) {
// body inside for loop
sum += i; // sum = sum + i
System.out.println("Sum = " + sum);
Run Code (/java-programming/online-compiler)
The output of this program is the same as the Example 3.
Java for-each Loop
The Java for loop has an alternative syntax that makes it
easy to iterate through arrays (/java-
programming/arrays) and collections. For example,
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// print array elements
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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// create an array
int[] numbers = {3, 7, 5, -5};
// iterating through the array
for (int number: numbers) {
System.out.println(number);
}
}
Run Code (/java-programming/online-compiler)
Output
-5
Here, we have used the for-each loop to print each
element of the numbers array one by one.
In the first iteration of the loop, number will be 3, number
will be 7 in second iteration and so on.
To learn more, visit Java for-each Loop (/java-
programming/enhanced-for-loop).
Java Infinite for Loop
If weour
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the test expression in such aPlease
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evaluates
Try to false , the for loop will run forever. This is
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// Infinite for Loop
class Infinite {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; --i) {
System.out.println("Hello");
}
}
Run Code (/java-programming/online-compiler)
Here, the test expression , i <= 10 , is never false and
Hello is printed repeatedly until the memory runs out.
Next Tutorial:
Java for-each (/java-programming/enhanced-
for-loop)
Loop
Previous Tutorial:
(/java-programming/switch-
Java switch
statement)
Statement
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