10

MUSIC
Quarter 1 – Module 1a
20th Century Music
MAPEH – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1a: 20th Century Musical Styles
First Edition, 2021

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

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 What I Need to Know

Good day!
Welcome to the world of music.
In this module, you will learn about the 20th century styles of Impressionism,
Expressionism, Primitivism and Neo-classicism that provided composers with the
opportunity to express their thoughts based on the outside impressions as well
as ideas and expressions based on their inner convictions.
Aside from what is mentioned, other innovative musical styles arose within
the 20th century, such as Avant-garde and Modern Nationalism. The musical
styles that evolved in the modern era were varied. Some of these were short-
lived, being experimental and too radical in nature, while others found an active
blend between the old and the new.
In this module, you will also learn about new inventions and discoveries of
science and technology that lead to the continuing development in the field of
music. These devices were used for creating and recording music to add or
replace acoustical sounds.
Are you prepared for it? Then, be ready to learn and discover the beauty of
music.

LEARNING COMPETENCY:

 Describes distinctive musical elements of given pieces in 20th century styles;

MU10TCIa-h-2

 Explains the performance practice (setting, composition, role of

composers/performers, and audience) of 20th century music;
MU10TCIb-g-4

 Relates 20th Century music to other art forms and media during the same
time period;
MU10TCIa-g-3

1
At the end of the module, you should be able to:

 Identify the different compositions of the 20th Century Music:

Impressionism and Expressionism, Primitivism and Neo-Classicism,
Avant-garde and Modern Nationalism and Electronic Music
 Differentiate the musical elements used in the 20th century music
 Show appreciation for the historical and cultural background of other
musical styles of the 20th century music

What I Know

PRE- ASSESSMENT
Direction:
I. Read each item carefully and write your answers on your Music notebook. Write
only the letter of your choice.

1. A French movement in the late 19th and early 20th century.

A. Expressionism C. Impressionism
B. Neoclassicism D. Avant-garde
2. Which of the following composers was the primary exponent of the impressionist
movement and the focal point for other impressionist composers?
A. Claude Debussy C. Maurice Ravel
B. Bela Bartok D. Igor Stravinsky
3. The following are Claude Debussy’s compositions EXCEPT:
A. Claire de Lune C. La Mer
B. Bolero D. L’ Enfant Prodigue
4. His compositional style is mainly characterized by its uniquely innovative but not
atonal style of harmonic treatment.
A. Claude Debussy C. Maurice Ravel
B. Bela Bartok D. Igor Stravinsky
5. Ravel’s work includes the following EXCEPT:
A. Bolero C. String Quartet
B. Pavane for a dead Princess D. Pierrot Lunare
6. It dealt with the parameters or the dimensions of sound in space.
A. Expressionism C. Impressionism
B. Neoclassicism D. Avant-garde
7. He is the “Father of American Jazz”.
A. Claude Debussy C. George Gershwin
B. Bela Bartok D. Igor Stravinsky

2
8. The following are George Gershwin’s compositions EXCEPT:
A. Claire de Lune C. An American in Paris
B. Rhapsody in blue D. La La Lucille
9. His big break came when he was asked to substitute for the ailing Bruno Walter in
conducting New York Philharmonic Orchestra in a concert in 1943.
A. Claude Debussy C. Maurice Ravel
B. Bela Bartok D. Leonard Bernstein
10. Bernstein’s work include the following EXCEPT:
A. Bolero C. Musical of West Side Story
B. Tonight D. Candide

II. Read carefully the sentences below and identify the term being asked. Write your
answers in your Music notebook.

Primitivistic music Concerto for Orchestra Neo-classicism

Sergel Prokofieff Bela Bartok

___________1. It is atonal through the stressing of one note as more important than
the others, combines two familiar or simple ideas together creating
new sounds.
___________2. A five-movement work composed late in Bartok’s life, features the
exceptional talents of its various soloists in an intricately constructed
piece.
___________3. A moderating factor between the emotional excesses of the
Romantic period and the violent impulses of the soul in
expressionism.
___________4. His style is uniquely recognizable for its progressive technique,
pulsating rhythms, melodic directness, and a resolving dissonance.
___________5. He was inspired by the performance of Richard Strauss’s Also
Sprach Zarathustra to write his first nationalistic poem.

What’s In

Task 1: Complete the following statements by adding the correct answers. Choose
your answers from the choices inside the box and write it in your Music notebook.

Synthesizers Electronic Music Edgard Varese

Helicopter String Quartet Karlheinz Stockhausen

1. Many composers of electronic music use an equipment called_________.

2. __________ is a kind of music in which sounds are produced electronically.
3. __________ is considered as an “innovative French-born composer “.

3
 4. Stockhausen’s recent ______________________, in which a string quartet
performs whilst airborne in four different helicopters, develops his long-standing
fascination with music which moves in space.
5. _____________ is a central figure in the realm of electronic music

What’s New
Task 2: Give an example of a musical work of each of the composers below. Write
your answers on your Music notebook.

Composers Musical Work

Debussy ___________________________________
Ravel ___________________________________
Schoenberg ___________________________________
Stravinsky ___________________________________
Bartok ___________________________________
Prokofieff ___________________________________
Poulenc ___________________________________
Gershwin ___________________________________
Bernstien ___________________________________
Glass ___________________________________
Varese ________________________________
Stockhausen ___________________________________

What is It

READINGS:
The start of the 20th century saw the rise of distinct musical styles that
reflected a move away from the conventions of earlier classical music. These new
styles were: impressionism, expressionism, neo-classicism, avant-garde music, and
modern nationalism.

IMPRESSIONISM

Based on the art movement started by 19th century Paris-based visual artist,
specifically Claude Monet through his painting “Impression Sunrise”, what are the
characteristics of Impressionism in music?

4
 Decorative and fragile beauty, elegance refinement, sensuous tone and
subdued atmosphere. The rhythm of impressionism music is irregular in terms of
phrases. Other features include the lack of a tonic-dominant relationship which
normally gives the feeling of finality to a piece, moods and textures, harmonic
vagueness about the structure of certain chords, and use of the whole-tone scale.
Most of the impressionist’s works centered on nature and its beauty, lightness, and
brilliance.

Who are the notable 20th century composers that belong to impressionism?

CLAUDE DEBUSSY (1862–1918)

Born in France on August 22, 1862. One of
the most important and influential of the 20th
century composers was Claude Debussy. He was
the primary exponent of the impressionist
movement and the focal point for other
impressionist composers. His role as the “Father
of the Modern School of Composition” made its
mark in the styles of the later 20th century
composers like Igor Stravinsky, Edgar Varese, and
Olivier Messiaen. He died in Paris on March 25,
1918 of cancer at the height of the First World War.

https://www.google.com/search?q=claude+debussy&tbm
Debussy’s mature creative period was represented by the following works:
 Fetes (Festival)- about the mysterious parade in a nocturnal carnival Prelude
to the Afternoon of a Fawn (Half man and half goat)
 Nuages (Clouds) (slow moving clouds in the sky) sirens how mermaids hire
sad fisherman into the bottomless of the sea.
 Pelleas et Melisande (1895)—his famous operatic work that drew mixed
extreme reactions for its innovative harmonies and textural treatments.
 La Mer (1905)—a highly imaginative and atmospheric symphonic work for
orchestra about the sea compositions.
 Claire de Lune (Moonlight) one of his lightly textured piece containing his
signature work.

MAURICE RAVEL (1875–1937)

was born on March 7, 1875 in Ciboure, France to a
Basque mother and a Swiss father. He entered the
Paris Conservatory at the age of 14 where he studied
with the eminent French composer Gabriel Faure.
Ravel’s works include the following:
 Bolero – a piece for orchestra without music
Daphnis et Chloe, Rhapsodie Espagnole and
Pictures at an exhibition are evidences
of his being an orchestration https://www.google.com/search?q=maurice+

5
  Pavane for a Dead Princess (1899), a slow but lyrical requiem
 Sonatine for Piano (c.1904)
 Miroirs (Mirrors), 1905, a work for piano known for its harmonic evolution and
imagination,
 Le Tombeau de Couperin (c.1917),

ARNOLD SCHOENBERG (1874–1951)

Schoenberg was born in a working-class suburb of
Vienna, Austria on September 13, 1874. He taught
himself music theory, but took lessons in counterpoint.
German composer Richard Wagner influenced his
work as evidenced by his symphonic poem Pelleas et
Melisande, Op 5 (1903). Schoenberg is credited with
the establishment of the twelve-tone system. His
works include the following:
 Pierrot Lunaire,
 Gurreleider
 Verklarte Nacht Three Pieces for Piano, op. 11,
(Transfigured Night, 1899), one of his earliest
https://www.google.com/search?q=ar successful pieces, blends the lyricism,
nold+schoenberg&tbm instrumentation, and melodic beauty of Brahms
with the chromaticism and construction of Wagner.

IGOR STRAVINSKY (1882–1971)

He was born in Oranienbaum (now Lomonosov), Russia on June 17, 1882.
Stravinsky’s early music reflected the influence of his teacher, the Russian composer
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. But in his first successful masterpiece, The Firebird Suite
(1910), composed for Diaghilev’s Russian Ballet, his skillful handling of material and
rhythmic inventiveness went beyond anything composed by his Russian
predecessors. He added a new ingredient to his nationalistic musical style. The Rite
of Spring (1913) was another outstanding work. Despite its “shocking” modernity, his
music is also very structured, precise, controlled, full of artifice, and theatricality.
Other outstanding works include the ballet Petrouchka
(1911), featuring shifting rhythms and polytonality, a
signature device of the composer. The Rake’s Progress
(1951), a full-length opera, alludes heavily to the
Baroque and Classical styles of Bach and Mozart
through the use of the harpsichord, small
orchestra, solo and ensemble numbers with recitatives
stringing together the different songs.

PRIMITIVISM
Primitivism is a word that describes the
condition or quality that belongs to something https://www.google.com/search?q=igor+stravi
crude and unrefined. When this word primitivism nsky&tbm

6
is applied to the arts, such as the visual arts or music, it can be described as simple
ideas juxtaposed with each other forming new ideas, new images, and new sounds.
In music, primitivism was a reaction to the rich complexity of Romanticism and later
on, Impressionism.
Primitivism has links to Exoticism through the use of materials from other
cultures, Nationalism through the use of materials indigenous to specific countries,
and Ethnicism through the use of materials from European ethnic groups. Two well-
known proponents of this style were Stravinsky and Bela Bartok. It eventually evolved
into Neo-classicism.

Who are the notable 20th century composers that belong to Primitivism?

BELA BARTOK (1881–1945)

www.allmusic.com
Born in Hungary (now Romania) on March 25,
1881 to musical parents. He started music lessons
with his mother and later entered Budapest Royal
Academy of Music in 1899. His first nationalistic poem
was Kossuth in 1903.In 1906, he published his first
collection of 20 Hungarian folk songs.

https://www.google.com/search?q=bela+bartok&tbm
His compositions were successful because of their rich melodies and lively
rhythms. He is famous for his Six String Quartets. This represents the greatest
achievement of his creative life, spanning a full 30 years for their completion.
The Concerto for Orchestra (1943), a five-movement work composed late in
Bartok’s life, features the exceptional talents of its various soloists in an intricately
constructed piece. The short and popular Allegro Barbaro (1911) for solo piano is
punctuated with swirling rhythms and percussive chords, while Mikrokosmos (1926–
1939), a set of six books containing progressive technical piano pieces, introduced
and familiarized the piano student with contemporary harmony and rhythm.

Neo- Classicism
Neo-classicism was a moderating factor between the emotional excesses of
the Romantic period and the violent impulses of the soul in expressionism. It was, in
essence, a partial return to an earlier style of writing, particularly the tightly-knit form
of the Classical period, while combining tonal harmonies with slight dissonances. It
also adopted a modern, freer use of the seven-note diatonic scale.

Who are the notable neo-classicist composers?

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SERGEI PROKOFIEFF (1891–1953)
Regarded today as a combination of a neo-classicist,
nationalist and avant-garde composer. Born in Ukraine in
1891, he set out for the St. Petersburg Conservatory. His
contact with Stravinsky gave him the chance to write music
for the ballet and opera notably the ballet “Romeo and
Juliet” and “War and Peace”
 He also wrote “Peter and the Wolf” a light- hearted
orchestral work intended for children.

https://www.google.com/search?q=sergei+prokofieff&tbm=
 Symphony no. 1 (also called Classical Symphony), his most accessible
orchestral work linked to the combined styles of classicists Haydn and
Mozart and neo-classicist Stravinsky
Prokofieff was highly successful in his piano music, as evidenced by the wide
acceptance of his piano concerti and sonatas. His musical composition include
concerti, chamber music, film scores, operas and ballets. He died in Moscow on
March 15, 1953.

FRANCIS POULENC (1899–1963)

One of few composers born into wealth and privileged social position.
Member of the group of young French composers known as “Les Six”. He rejected
the heavy romanticism of Wagner and the so-called Imprecision of Debussy and
Ravel. His composition had a coolly elegant
modernity sense of proportion.
 His compositions include “Concert
Champetre”, the “Concerto for Two
Pianos”, which combines the classical
touches of Mozart and Ravel.
 His musical composition total around
185 which include solo piano works as
well as vocal solo.
His opera works included:
 Les Mamelles de Tiresias (1944), which
revealed his light-hearted character;
 Dialogues des Carmelites (1956), which https://www.google.com/search?q=sergei+proko
fieff&tbm
highlighted his conservative writing style
La Voix Humane (1958) which reflected his
own turbulent emotional life

AVANT-GARDE
The avant-garde movement dealt with the parameters or the dimensions of
sound in space. The avant-garde style exhibited a new attitude toward musical
mobility, whereby the order of note groups could be varied so that musical continuity
could be altered. Improvisation was a necessity in this style, for the musical scores
were not necessarily followed as written. For example, one could expect a piece to

8
be read by a performer from left to right or vice versa. Or the performer might turn the
score over and go on dabbling indefinitely in whatever order before returning to the
starting point.
The unconventional methods of sound and form, as well as the absence of
traditional rules governing harmony, melody, and rhythm, make the whole concept of
avant–garde music quite strange to ears accustomed to traditional compositions.

Who are the notable 20th century composers that belong to avant-garde?

GEORGE GERSHWIN (1898-1937)

George Gershwin was born in New York to
Russian Jewish immigrants. His older brother Ira
was his artistic collaborator who wrote the lyrics
of his songs. His first song was written in 1916
and his first Broadway musical, La La lucille, in
1919. He also composed Rhapsody in Blue
(1924) and An American in Paris (1928).
Gershwin’s melodic gift was considered
phenomenal, as evidenced by his numerous
songs of wide appeal. He is true “crossover
artists” in the scene that his serious compositions
remain highly popular in the classical repertoire,
as his stage and film continue to be jazz and
vocal standards. Considered the “Father of American Jazz”. His “mixture of the
primitive and the sophisticated” gave his music an appeal that has lasted long after
his death. Gershwin’s musical composition total around 369 which include orchestral
music, chamber music, musical theater, film musicals, operas and songs. He died in
Hollywood, California, USA on July 11.1937.

LEONARD BERNSTEIN (1918-1990)

He was born in Massachusetts, USA,

Leonard Bernstein endeared himself to his many
followers as a charismatic conductor, pianist,
composer, and lecturer. His big break came when
he was asked to substitute for the ailing Bruno
Walter in conducting Philharmonic Orchestra in a
concert on November 14, 1943. The overnight
success of this event started his reputation as a
great interpreter of the classics as well as of the
more complex works of Gustav Mahler. Bernstein is
best known for his compositions for the stage.
Foremost among these is the musical West Side Story (1957), an American
adaptation of Romeo and Juliet. Other outputs include Broadway hit Candide (1956),
the much-celebrated Mass (1971), music for the film On the Waterfront (1954). His

9
total compositions total around 90. He died in New York City, USA on October 14,
1990.

PHILIP GLASS (born 1937)

One of the most commercially successful
minimalist composers is Philip Glass who is also an
avant-garde composer. He explored the territories of
ballet, opera, theater, film, and even television
jingles. His distinctive style involves cell-like phrases
emanating from bright electronic sounds from the
keyboard that progressed very slowly from one
pattern to the next in a very repetitious fashion.
Aided by soothing vocal effects and horn sounds, his
music is often criticized as uneventful and shallow,
yet startlingly effective for its hypnotic charm. Glass collaborated with theater
conceptualist Robert Wilson to produce the four-hour opera Einstein on the Beach
(1976), an instant sell-out at the New York Metropolitan Opera House. It put
minimalism in the mainstream of 20th century music. He completed the trilogy with
the operas, Satyagraha (1980) and Akhnaten (1984), based on the lives of Mahatma
Gandhi, Leo Tolstoy, Martin Luther King, and an Egyptian pharaoh. HIs musical
compositions total around 170.

Modern Nationalism
A looser form of 20th century music development
focused on nationalist composers and musical
innovators who sought to combine modern techniques
with folk materials. However, this common ground
stopped there, for the different breeds of nationalists
formed their own styles of writing. In Eastern Europe,
prominent figures included the Hungarian Bela Bartok
and the Russian Sergei Prokofieff who were neo -
classicists to a certain extent.
Prokofieff used sticking dissonances and Russian
themes, and his music was generally witty, bold, and at
times colored with humor. Together with Bartok,
Prokofieff made used of extensive use of polytonality, a kind of tonality that uses
two or more tonal centers simultaneously. An example of this style is Prokofieff’s.

10
ELECTRONIC MUSIC
The capacity of electronic machines such as
synthesizers, amplifiers, tape recorders, and
loudspeakers to create different sounds was given
importance by 20th century composers like Edgar
Varese, Karlheinz Stockhausen, and Mario
Davidovsky.
 It is a kind of music in which sounds are
produced electronically.
 Composers use electronic equipment to
produce sounds of the desired loudness, pitch,  www.latimes.com
rhythm, duration, and tone color.
 Many composers of electronic music use an equipment called
SYNTHESIZERS.

Music that uses the tape recorder is called musique concrete, or concrete
music. The composer records different sounds that are heard in the environment
such as the bustle of traffic, the sound of the wind, the barking of dogs, the strumming
of a guitar, or the cry of an infant. These sounds are arranged by the composer in
different ways like playing the tape recorder in its fastest mode or in reverse. In
musique concrete, the composer is able to experiment with different sounds that
cannot be produced by regular musical instruments such as the piano or the violin.

Who are the notable 20th century composers that belong to Electronic Music?

EDGARD VARESE (1883–1965)

Edgard (also spelled Edgar) Varèse born in December 22, 1883. He was
considered an “innovative French-born composer”.
Pioneered and created new sound that bordered
between music and noise.

He invented the term “organized sound” which

means that certain timbers and rhythms can be
grouped together in order to capture a whole new
definition of sound.
He earned the title “Father of Electronic Music”
and was described as the “Stratospheric Colossus
of Sound.”
His musical compositions total around 50, with his Nevalalee.wordpress.com
advances in tape-based sound proving revolutionary during his time. He died on
November 6, 1965.

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KARLHEINZ STOCKHAUSEN (1928–)
He is a central figure in the realm of
electronic music. Born in Cologne, Germany,
together with Pierre Boulez. Stockhausen drew
inspiration from these composers as he developed
his style of total serialism. Some of his works include
Gruppen (1957), a piece for three orchestras that
moved music through time and space;
 Kontakte (1960), a work that pushed the
tape machine to its limits; and the epic
 Hymnen (1965), an ambitious two-hour
work of 40 juxtaposed songs and anthems from
around the world.
The climax of his compositional ambition
https://constantinenache.wordpress.com/
came in 1977 when he announced the creation of
2017/07/15/karlheinz-stockhausen-
archive/ Licht (Light), a seven-part opera (one for each day
of the week) for a gigantic ensemble of solo voices,
solo instruments, solo dancers, choirs, orchestras, mimes, and electronics. His recent
Helicopter String Quartet, in which a string quartet performs whilst airborne in four
different helicopters, develops his long-standing fascination with music which moves
in space. It has led him to dream of concert halls in which the sound attacks the
listener from every direction.

What’s More

Task 3:
Have you experienced watching a live performance or a concert? If not, you
can watch it on You tube or recorded performance on TV. Briefly write your reactions
of the performances in your Music notebook.

12
 What I Have Learned

I have learned that ________________ ________________ ______.

I have realized that ________________ _________________ _____.

I will apply _____________ _________________ _______________.

What I Can Do

Task 4:
In a short bond paper, make a scrapbook bearing the four 20th century
composers featured in this module. Be sure to include in your scrapbook the
following information as basis for earning points:

1. Picture of the composer which can be printed or drawn. (10 pts.)

2. Short background of the said composer or his biography. (10 pts.)
3. Works or compositions (5 pts.)

NOTE: You are free to make colorful designs or add art materials that would make
your work attractive. Neatness and design is (10 pts.)

Assessment

POST TEST
Direction:
I. Read each item carefully and write the letter of your choice in you Music
notebook.
1. A French movement in the late 19th and early 20th century.
A. Expressionism C. Impressionism
B. Neoclassicism D. Avant-garde

13
2. Which of the following composers was the primary exponent of the impressionist
movement and the focal point for other impressionist composers?
A. Claude Debussy C. Maurice Ravel
B. Bela Bartok D. Igor Stravinsky
3.The following are Claude Debussy’s compositions EXCEPT:
A. Claire de Lune C. La Mer
B. Bolero D. L’ Enfant Prodigue
4.His compositional style is mainly characterized by its uniquely innovative but not
atonal style of harmonic treatment.
A. Claude Debussy C. Maurice Ravel
B. Bela Bartok D. Igor Stravinsky
5.Ravel’s work includes the following EXCEPT:
A. Bolero C. String Quartet
B. Pavane for a dead Princess D. Pierrot Lunare
6.It dealt with the parameters or the dimensions of sound in space.
A. Expressionism C. Impressionism
B. Neoclassicism D. Avant-garde
7.He is the “Father of American Jazz”.
A. Claude Debussy C. George Gershwin
B. Bela Bartok D. Igor Stravinsky
8.The following are George Gershwin’s compositions EXCEPT:
A. Claire de Lune C. An American in Paris
B. Rhapsody in blue D. La La Lucille
9.His big break came when he was asked to substitute for the ailing Bruno Walter in
conducting New York Philharmonic Orchestra in a concert in 1943.
A. Claude Debussy C. Maurice Ravel
B. Bela Bartok D. Leonard Bernstein
10.Bernstein’s work include the following EXCEPT:
A. Bolero C. Musical of West Side Story
B. Tonight D. Candide

II. Identify the following terms: Choose your answer from the choices in the box and
write it in your Music notebook.

Primitivism music Concerto for Orchestra Neo-classicism

Sergei Prokofieff Bela Bartok

___________1. A moderating factor between the emotional excesses of the

Romantic period and the violent impulses of the soul in
expressionism.
___________2. His style is uniquely recognizable for its progressive technique,
pulsating rhythms, melodic directness, and a resolving dissonance.
___________3. A five-movement work composed late in Bartok’s life, features the
exceptional talents of its various soloists in an intricately constructed
piece.

14
___________4. He was inspired by the performance of Richard Strauss’s Also
Sprach Zarathustra to write his first nationalistic poem.
___________5. It is atonal through the stressing of one note as more important than
the others and combines two familiar or simple ideas together
creating new sounds.

Additional Activities

EXPERIMENTATION WITH THE SOUNDS OF 20TH CENTURY MUSIC SYSTEM.

Chance Music – Put small items inside a bag. Include coins, pens, pins, small bells,
and other articles with percussive sounds. Pour the bag’s contents on a hard surface
and record the sounds that are produced with a cellphone or other available device.
Put the items back in the bag, then pour them out again, while once more recording
the sounds being produced. Note the changes between the two sets of sounds
recorded.

Answer Key

5. Bela
4. Sergei Prokofieff
Answers may vary
3. Neo-Classicism Stockhausen
What I Can Do
2. Concerto for Orchestra 5. Karlheinz
1. Primitivism Music Quartet
Answers may vary
II 4. Helicopter String
What I Have Learned
3. Edgard Varese
10.A 5. D
2. electronic music
9. D 4. C Answers may vary
1. synthesizer
8. A 3. B What’s More
7. C 2. A Task 1
6. D I. 1. C Answers may vary
PRE TEST What’s In What’s New

5. Bela
4. Sergei Prokofieff
3. Neo-Classicism
2. Concerto for Orchestra
1. Primitivism Music
II

10.A 5. D
9. D 4. C
8. A 3. B
7. C 2. A
6. D I. 1. C
POST TEST

15
References
Lualhati F. Callo, Mark Kenneth S. Camiling, Johannsen C. Yap, Janeth P.
Cagulang, Jose C. Doria, Encarnita Deveraturda, Jo-Ann G. Grecia, Physical
Education Unit 1 Learner’s Material, 5th Floor Mabini Building, DepEd Complex

http://bit.ly/36aDaih
http://bit.ly/3a0Ov5l
http://bit.ly/3pj7SNv
www.commons.deped.gov.ph
www.teacherph.com
www.deped.gov.ph
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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117

Email Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net