Senior High School

PHYSICAL EDUCATION
AND HEALTH 1
First Semester – Module 1
Aerobic, Muscle-and Bone
Strength Activities

Department of Education  Republic of the Philippines

 Senior High School

PHYSICAL EDUCATION
AND HEALTH 1
First Semester – Module 1
Aerobic, Muscle-and Bone
Strength Activities

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and/or universities. We
encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback,
comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education at
action@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education  Republic of the Philippines

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Title Page ……………………………………… i

Overview ……………………………………… 1
Objective ……………………………………… 1
General Instructions ……………………………………… 1
Pretest ……………………………………… 2
Lesson 1: Aerobics ………………………………………. 3
Self-Test Activities ………………………………………. 7
Lesson 2: Bone Strengthening Exercise …………………………. 8
Self-Test Activities ……………………………………… 9
Lesson 3: Muscle Strengthening Exercise ……………………… 10
Self-Test Activities ………………………………………. 11
Summary ………………………………………. 12
Post-Assessment ………………………………………... 13
Answer Key ………………………………………… 14
References ………………………………………. 15
 GRADE 11 PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH
Grade 11 Physical Education and Health offers practical learning for students to
effect change on lifestyle towards an active and healthy living. The concepts and skills
expected to be developed at the end of the semester as stated in each learning
competencies is intended to prepare the students to manage relevant and important
information related to fitness and health.
This course on exercise for fitness empowers the students to engage in exercise
through purposive, careful planning, and skillful execution of aerobic and muscle- and bone-
strengthening activities and constantly appraiseprogress as to how much impact does these
exercises affect lifestyle and health.

OVERVIEW
Welcome to Grade 11 Physical Education! In this module you will learn about the
concepts of aerobic, bone strengthening, and muscle strengthening exercises and its impact
to over-all health through illustrations. As you go along in this module, you will be constantly
asked to perform different activities as it is believed that learning will be faster if you
experienced it first-hand. These concepts will ultimately allow you to understand better, first,
the differences of the three exercises, and second, its relationship for you to appreciate and
engage in physical activities as part of a healthy lifestyle.
This module is focused on three lessons:

Lesson 1:Aerobic Activities

Lesson 2:Bone Strengthening Activities
Lesson 3:Muscle Strengthening Activities

What is expected from you in this module?

Learning Competency
Distinguishes aerobic from muscle-and bone strengthening activities.

What I need to know

In this module, you will know and learn the difference of aerobic, bone strengthening,
and muscle strengthening exercises and their relationships in building total fitness.
How you are going to learn?
As you go along, you will be doing the following:
1. Read and understand the concepts as presented in every lesson.

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 2. Perform activities/exercises related to the lesson to understand the concepts.
Concepts will be presented through different fun activities/games.
3. Record and submit exercise log.

What I Know
Activity 1: Pre-Test
In this activity you will find out how much you already know about the three concepts of
aerobic, bone strengthening and muscle strengthening exercises. Tick the box of the correct
answer.
1. The ability of the heart and lungs to deliver oxygen to working muscles during physical
activity for a long period of time.
a. Cardiovascular Endurance c. Body Composition
b. Flexibility d. Muscular Strength
2. What is the advantage of exercise?
a. Improved quality of life c. Stress Relief
b. Decrease chronic disease d. All of the above
3. Doing muscular strengthening exercises also develops:
a. Cardiovascular Endurance c. Flexibility
b. Muscular Endurance d. Bone strength
4. Short bursts of lifting very heavy weights with low repetitions can be referred to as
this type of exercise.
a. Aerobic exercise c. muscular endurance
b. muscular strength exercise d. muscular endurance
5. The ability of a muscle to exert force for a brief period of time.
a. Muscular Endurance c. Cardiovascular endurance
b. Muscular Strength d. Flexibility
6. Push up, weight lifting, plyometrics are examples of __________________
exercises.
a. Muscular Endurance c. Cardiovascular Endurance
b. Muscular Strength d, Flexibility
7. Which of the following is not a primary benefit of regular cardiovascular exercise?
a. Increased ability to take in and use oxygen c. Lower blood pressure
b. Improved balance d. Lower pulse rate
8. F.I.T.T. stands for:
a. Fitness, Intelligence, Total Turnout c. Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type
b. Frequency, Intensity, Temperature, Time d. Fun, Intensity, Teamwork, Trust
9. Running, cycling, swimming, and dancing are all examples of what type of exercise?
a. resistance exercise c. muscular strengthening
b. aerobic exercise d. flexibility exercises
10. When weight lifting for muscular strength, one should lift ____weight and do____
repetitions?
a. less;fewer c. more;many
b. less;more d. more;fewer

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Lesson 1 Aerobic Exercise
Aerobic exercisecan be defined as any form of exercise or
activity that uses the aerobic metabolism. which means that oxygen is a
vital factor in delivering energy to sustain any activity.

Aerobic exercise is a kind of exercise used

primarily to improve the cardiovascular
system though aerobic metabolism.

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 What happens when I engage in aerobic exercise?

…aerobic exercise makes the heart, …our body

lungs, and blood vessels more becomes efficient in
efficient and capable of moving delivering oxygen
more oxygen-carrying blood in throughout the body
every single pump…. thereby improving
not only the
cardiovascular
system but also
muscular and bone
fitness ….

…improves
muscular and bone
fitness too….

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 What are examples of Aerobic activities or exercise?

You can…

da jog
nce

rid
e your
bicycle
do
sports

sw
im

or
even ro
househo
ld
chores

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 Other activities like walking, stair climbing, and jump rope are are examples of light to
vigorous aerobic activities.
That’s fun, right? But how?

To develop your
aerobic capacity, you
need to have a
purposive, planned, and
skillful execution of
your activity. Below are
the factors to consider
in improving your
aerobic capacity:

Below are the

factors to consider in
improving your aerobic how often do you
capacity: perform aerobic
how often
activities?
do you perform
aerobic activities?
Frequency
Intensity

Time
Type
how often how often
do you perform do you perform
aerobic activities? aerobic activities?

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 These four factors will help you to formulate your workout with purpose and executed
correctly. Of course, warm up and cool down should be a part of the workout plan, not to
mention proper clothing.

What I Know

Activity 1:
Considering COVID-19 pandemic, weather or climate, identify 6 aerobic exercises or
activities 3 of which are light and the other 3 vigorous that you can do. List your answer in
your notebook.

Activity 2:
With your list in activity 1, perform 1 light exercise and 1 vigorous alternately (recover fully
before doing the second exercise). Compare the effects of both exercises to the following:
1. Heart Rate: Which one raises the heart rate faster?
2. Muscles: Which one tire the muscles faster?
3. Availability of Time: Which one is better suited if you have:
a. Small amount of time for exercise
b. Bigger amount of time for exercise

Activity 3:
Create 6-week Aerobic Exercise plan and log your every session. Submit your weekly output
to track your progress. Good luck and have fun!

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Lesson 2 Bone Strengthening Exercise
Bone strengthening
exercise is a kind of
activity used to
improve the
strength capacity of
the bone and
enhance growth
especially among
This
teens.isItdone
is by The force impacting
exposing
alsoknown the as
bone to the bone increase
weight
weight or force
bearing or in bone density thereby
any direction.
weight loading increasing bone
activity. strength.

…unlike muscle strengthening exercise, the force that impacts

the bone are commonly coming from impact of the ground or
surface and tool/equipment in contact with any part of the
body …

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 …it is a high impact This exercise should
exercise… be done twice a week
and should not follow
nor precede heavy
aerobic exercises.

…bone strengthening
exercises also
develops muscle
function just like
Factors that you should consider
aerobic exercise…
are the same as that of the
aerobic exercise except that you
have to use repetition in place
for duration if you are going to
lift weights.

Activities or exercises like plyometrics or jumping exercises, weight lifting, basketball,

volleyball, running, gymnastics, and exercises that uses equipment like resistance bands are
good exercises or activities to develop your bone strength.

What I Know

Activity 4:
Considering COVID-19 pandemic, identify at least three different items found at home (your
home) that can be used for bone strengthening exercise. List three different household
chores that you can do to improve bone strength and improve growth.
Activity 5:
Modified Hopscotch. Instead of landing on your feet alone, design a hopscotch pattern
where you should use both your feet and hands in any sequence. This will not only develop
bone strength but also coordination and balance.
Activity 6:

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Create a six-week bone strengthening routine and add it to your aerobic workout. Record
your every exercise session for monitoring.

Lesson 3 Muscle Strengthening Exercises

Muscle strengthening exercises also called as strength

training is one exercise used to improve the muscle strength
and increase muscle mass by exposing the group of muscles
to a resistance in a form of weight or force.

Factors like frequency, intensity,

and repetition-set are used to
formulate a muscle strengthening
workout. Intensity however, is
This is a very heavy form of
determined by the amount of weight
exercise as the muscle have to be
or force that the muscle have to
deliberately overloaded and
work against with. Repetitions on
experience fatigue, meaning have
the other hand is 8 to 12 repetitions
to work more than its usual
per set-meaning a set is composed of
capacity, to be able to improve.
8 to 12 repetitions.

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 Exercises like lifting weights, push-up, sit up, and all other resistance exercises are
good to develop muscular strength.

What I Know

Activity 6:In your note book, identify two (2) different strength exercises for the following:
a. Legs d. Chest
b. Hips e. Abdomen
c. Back f. Arms
Activity 7:Incorporate a six-week muscle strength training workout to your weekly routine.
Record your every session in your exercise log for monitoring.

Let’s Explore

How is your workout so far? Based on your previous activities, you will now perform a
series of fun games to better understand aerobic, bone, and muscle strengthening exercise
and how it can be done using different approaches like fun games, competition, and family
activity.

What I Know

Activity 8:Fitness Bingo (combine aerobic, bone and muscle strengthening exercises)

Activity 9:Challenge the family members for an aero marathon dance competition (don’t
worry if you are not a good dancer, it increases the level of fun, and it’s not about dancing
anyway).

Activity 10:Challenge a few friends for a walk, jog, run competition. Depending on your
level of fitness, you decide how far will be the course.

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Summary
Aerobic exercise is any exercise performed and sustained over a period of time
with oxygen as a necessity to deliver energy. This method is purposely to improve the
capacity of the heart to pump more oxygen-rich blood to the working muscles. This is done
with purpose through careful planning and execution taking into consideration factors like
frequency, intensity, and duration.
Bone strengthening exercise is a kind of exercise that produces force to the
bone to trigger growth and increase bone strength by increasing bone density thus
making it essential for your age to help you grow taller and faster.
Muscle strengthening exercises on the other hand is kind of exercise method
which includes resistance training and lifting weights, causes the body’s muscles to
work or hold against an applied force or weight. These activities often involve relatively
heavy objects, such as weights, which are lifted multiple times to train various muscle
groups.
Although these three different methods are targeting three different parts of the body,
it is also important to know that doing one will benefit the other two. It is a fact that as you
exercise one part of the body, other parts are not entirely isolated or involved and
therefore any kind of exercise would benefit to some extent aerobic capacity as well
as muscular and bone strength. Running is an example of an exercise that benefits the
three areas. As you run, you improve your aerobic fitness, while the weight of the body
improves strength of the leg muscles, and the impact of the weight-ground-foot contact
improves bone strength.

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 Post Assessment
Post Test:Complete the test and record your answers in your notebook.
1.” Repetitions” in muscular strengthening exercise refers to:
a. the length of time an exercise is performed
b. a fixed number of reps followed by a rest period
c. a rest period
d. the number of times an exercise is performed
2. Bonifacio is trying to find out how much weight he can push across the room. He is really
trying to measure his __________.
a. flexibility c. bone strength
c. muscular strength d. cardiovascular endurance
3. Which of the following is an example of improved functioning as related to the benefits of
muscular strength and endurance training?
a. having stronger bones c. easier to do household chores
b. lower blood pressure d. larger lung capacity
4. Which of the following is the benefit of improved muscular strength?
a. better body composition c. improved physical performance
b. increased bone strength d. a,b, and c
5. The ability to lift or resist weight or force is called?
a. cardiovascular endurance c. muscular endurance
b. muscular strength d. bone strength
6. Fitness walking, jogging, and running are physical activities that can improve:
a. muscle endurance and flexibility c. cardiovascular fitness and flexibility
b. cardiovascular fitness and body composition d. agility and muscular strength
7. Which of the following exercises would best test the muscular strength of your legs?
a. push ups c. curl ups
b. pull ups d. leg press
8. The following group of weight bearing activities can help improve growth and bone
strength, except?
a. jumping, running and brisk walking
b. jumping, running, sleeping, and brisk walking
c. texting, running and brisk walking
d. jumping, running, swimming
9. What is a lifestyle change that can increase your level of aerobic, muscular and bone
strength?
a. sleeping c. playing online games
b. being active d. limiting eating options
10. The number of times one should exercise to improve a component of fitness is called:
a. Intensity c. Time
b. Frequency d. Progression

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Answer Key

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References:
Chan, KM et. al. F.I.M.S. Team Physician Manual 2 nd edition. International
Federation of Sports Medicine. Hong Kong. 2006
Cooper, Kenneth H. The Aerobics Program for Total Well-Being. M Evans & Co., Inc.
New York 1982
Corbin, Charles, Lindsey, Ruth, Welk, Greg. Concepts of Fitness and Wellness: A
Comprehensive Lifestyle 3rd edition. 1999
Jackowski, Edward J.Hold It! You’re Exercising Wrong. Fireside Rockefeller Center.
New York. 1995

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