Airside Driving Handbook

Airside Driving Handbook
of
Maldives Airports Company Limited
for
Velana International Airport
EDITION: 4
ISSUE DATE: 19th November 2020
REFERENCE NUMBER: N4-MNL/2020/29
REVISION: -
REVISION DATE: -
EFFECTIVE DATE: 15th December 2020
COPY NUMBER: MASTER COPY
Airside Driving Handbook © MACL - This is a controlled document as long as it is online. If it is printed on paper,
it is an uncontrolled copy unless marked as controlled copy by the responsible Quality Manager.
This handbook is in responsibility of the Aerodrome & Ground Aids (AGA) Section of MACL, but issued under the
authority of the Managing Director of MACL. All rights reserved. No part or page could be re-produced in any form
or any mean or stored in a database or retrieval system, without prior written permission from the company
management.
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Table of Contents
0. Distribution and Control................................................................................................1

0.1 Document Control ............................................................................................................1
0.1.1 document Approval .......................................................................................................... 2
0.1.2 List of Effective Pages ....................................................................................................... 3
0.2 Purpose of the document .................................................................................................6
0.3 Scope of document ...........................................................................................................6
0.4 References ........................................................................................................................7
0.5 Document Procedures and Distribution ...........................................................................8
0.5.1 Distribution List................................................................................................................. 8
0.5.2 Record of Revision ............................................................................................................ 9
0.5.3 Revision Highlights.......................................................................................................... 10
0.5.4 Abbreviations and Explanations ..................................................................................... 11
0.5.5 Definitions of terms ........................................................................................................ 13
0.5.6 KEY CONTACT NUMBERS ................................................................................................ 15
1 Airside Driving permit (adp).......................................................................................1
1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION ..................................................................................................1
1.2 ADP SCHEME ....................................................................................................................2
1.2.1 AREA OF ACCESS ............................................................................................................... 2
1.2.2 ADP CATEGORIES .............................................................................................................. 3
1.3 ADP/LDP/TADP LAYOUT ...................................................................................................4
1.4 ADP REQUIREMENT ..........................................................................................................5
1.5 APPLICATION FOR ADP/LDP/TADP ...................................................................................5
1.6 MEDICAL CONDITION .......................................................................................................5
1.6.1 EYE SIGHT.......................................................................................................................... 6
1.6.2 COLOR PERCEPTION ......................................................................................................... 6
1.6.3 HEARING ........................................................................................................................... 6
1.7 TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION ........................................................................................6
1.8 ADP CHARGES...................................................................................................................7
1.9 RENEWAL OF ADP .............................................................................................................8
1.10 EMPLOYER’S RESPONSIBILITY ...........................................................................................8
2 AIRSIDE VEHICLE PERMIT ...........................................................................................1
2.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................1
2.2 AVP SCHEME ....................................................................................................................1
2.2.1 AIRSIDE VEHICLE PERMIT (AVP) ........................................................................................ 1
2.2.2 TEMPORARY VEHICLE PERMIT (TVP) ................................................................................ 2
2.3 AVP/TVP LAYOUT .............................................................................................................2
2.4 APPLICATION FOR AVP/TVP .............................................................................................3
2.5 AVP/TVP REQUIREMENT ..................................................................................................3
2.5.1 VEHICLE CONDITION INSPECTION .................................................................................... 3
2.5.2 OBSTACLE LIGHTS ............................................................................................................. 3
2.5.3 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION & LIVERY .................................................................................. 4
2.5.4 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS ........................................................................................................ 4
2.5.5 VEHICLE INSURANCE......................................................................................................... 4
2.6 VEHICLE REGISTRATION ....................................................................................................5
Airside Driving Handbook © MACL - This is a controlled document as long as it is online. If it is printed on
paper, it is an uncontrolled copy unless marked as controlled copy by the responsible Quality Manager
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2.7 CONDITIONS OF ISSUE ......................................................................................................6

2.8 EMPLOYERS RESPONSIBILITY ............................................................................................6
2.9 AVP/TVP CHARGES ...........................................................................................................7
2.10 ESCORT SERVICES .............................................................................................................8
2.10.1 PROCEDURE .................................................................................................................. 8
2.10.2 CHARGES FOR ESCORT SERVICES ................................................................................. 9
3 VEHICLE BREAKDOWN & REPORTING INCIDENTS .......................................................1
3.1 VEHICLE BREAKDOWN ......................................................................................................1
3.1.1 REPORTING ....................................................................................................................... 1
3.1.2 REMOVAL.......................................................................................................................... 1
3.1.3 NO SERVICING................................................................................................................... 1
3.2 TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS..........................................................................................................1
3.2.1 REPORTING ....................................................................................................................... 1
3.2.2 INJURIES ............................................................................................................................ 1
3.2.3 REMAIN AT SCENE ............................................................................................................ 1
3.2.4 LIABILITY ........................................................................................................................... 2
4 ENFORCEMENT OF AIRSIDE DRIVING & SAFETY REGULATIONS ...................................1
4.1 GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY RULES AND REGULATIONS ....................................................1
4.2 THE AIRSIDE DRIVING OFFENSE POINTS SCHEME .............................................................1
4.2.1 DRIVING OFFENCE POINTS ............................................................................................... 1
4.2.2 RE-TRAINING..................................................................................................................... 2
4.2.3 SUSPENSION ..................................................................................................................... 2
4.2.4 WITHDRAWAL................................................................................................................... 2
4.2.5 RE-INSTATEMENT OF ADP ................................................................................................ 2
4.2.6 APPEAL .............................................................................................................................. 2
4.2.7 SCALE OF DEMERIT POINTS .............................................................................................. 3
5 RULES AND PROCEDURE GOVERNING VEHICLE DRIVING ON THE AIRSIDE
OPERATIONAL AREA OF VIA ..............................................................................................1
5.1 GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR AIRSIDE DRIVING (RRAD) ................................1
6 AIRSIDE ACCESS POINTS AND CRITICAL AREA OF NAVIGATIONAL AREAS ....................1
6.1 AIRSIDE ACCESS POINTS ...................................................................................................1
6.2 ILS CRITICAL AREAS...........................................................................................................1
7 VEHICLE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS ...............................................................................1
7.1 OBSTRUCTION BEACONS ..................................................................................................1
7.2 HEADLIGHTS .....................................................................................................................1
7.3 SEATING CAPACITY ...........................................................................................................1
7.4 SEAT BELTS .......................................................................................................................1
8 DRIVING CONDUCT....................................................................................................1
8.1 GIVE WAY TO AIRCRAFT ...................................................................................................1
8.2 JET EFFLUX ........................................................................................................................1
8.3 DIRECT TAXI-OUT OPERATIONS ........................................................................................1
8.4 DESIGNATED VEHICLE ROUTES .........................................................................................2
8.5 RIGHT OF WAY..................................................................................................................2
8.6 PRE-DRIVING VEHICLE CHECK ...........................................................................................1
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8.7 GROUND SERVICE EQUIPMENT(GSE) / VEHICLE PARKING SPACE .....................................2

8.8 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING LOW VISIBILITY CONDITIONS ..........................................3
9 VEHICLE PHRASEOLOGY AT VIA..................................................................................1
9.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................1
9.2 GOOD RTF PRACTICE ........................................................................................................2
9.2.1 BEFORE YOU TRANSMIT ................................................................................................... 2
9.2.2 WHEN YOU TRANSMIT ..................................................................................................... 2
9.2.3 AFTER YOU TRANSMIT ...................................................................................................... 3
9.2.4 LISTENING ......................................................................................................................... 3
9.3 RADIO PROCEDURES.........................................................................................................3
9.3.1 RTF SPELLING ALPHABET .................................................................................................. 3
9.3.2 PRONUNCIATION OF NUMBERS ....................................................................................... 4
9.4 PHRASEOLOGY .................................................................................................................6
9.4.1 CALL SIGN ......................................................................................................................... 6
9.4.2 ESTABLISHING COMMUNICATION .................................................................................... 6
9.4.3 CONTINUING COMMUNICATION ..................................................................................... 7
9.5 AUTHORIZATION REQUEST AND RESPONSE .....................................................................7
9.5.1 Permission to Enter Runway............................................................................................. 7
9.5.2 Permission to proceed onto taxiway ................................................................................ 8
9.5.3 Vacating a Runway ........................................................................................................... 8
9.5.4 Permission to cross a Runway .......................................................................................... 9
9.5.5 Permission to tow an Aircraft ........................................................................................... 9
9.5.6 Messages relating to the safety of an Aircraft ............................................................... 10
9.5.7 Messages concerning Wildlife ........................................................................................ 11
9.5.8 Broken down Vehicle ...................................................................................................... 11
9.5.9 ATC Instructions to hold short of a runway must be read back ..................................... 11
9.5.10 Broadcast Information ............................................................................................... 12
9.6 READABILITY AND TEST TRANSMISSIONS....................................................................... 12
9.7 RADIO FAILURE ............................................................................................................... 13
9.8 STANDARD WORDS AND PHRASES ................................................................................. 13
9.9 SAFETY ............................................................................................................................ 15
9.10 LIST OF VEHICLE CALL SIGNS ........................................................................................... 16
10 MARKINGS AND SIGNS ..............................................................................................1
10.1 APRON AREA & SERVICE ROAD MARKINGS ......................................................................1
10.2 AIRFIELD GROUND MARKINGS .........................................................................................5
10.3 MOVEMENT AREA GUIDANCE SIGNAGE ...........................................................................7
10.4 RESTRICTED AREA SIGNAGE ........................................................................................... 10
ANNEX A AIRPORT ZONE MAP ..........................................................................................1
ANNEX B FORMS FOR AFFECTING CHANGES TO THE HANDBOOK.......................................1
ANNEX C ADP- AIRSIDE DRIVER PERMIT APPLICATION FORM ............................................1
ANNEX D AVP- AIRSIDE VEHICLE PERMIT APPLICATION FORM Error! Bookmark not defined.
ANNEX E VEHICLE REGISTRATION AT VIA...........................................................................1
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0. DISTRIBUTION AND CONTROL
0.1 DOCUMENT CONTROL
The CEO of MACL has entrusted Head of AAMS, the overall responsibility of development
and implementation of procedures and provision of resources for the control of persons and
vehicles entering and operating on the airside of VIA.
The Head of AAMS has tasked the section head of AGA to ensure that the provision of the
handbook is implemented, for conducting audits of approved issuing authorities and
authorizing in writing the appointment of approved issuing officers.
The In-charge of ADP/AVP is responsible for carrying out instruction, testing and maintaining
records of persons approved for an ADP/AVP.
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0.1.1 DOCUMENT APPROVAL
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0.1.2 LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES
EDITION REVISION EFFECTIVE

CHAPTER PAGE
NO. NO. DATE
0. Administration and Control 1 4 0 15 DEC 2020
1. Airside Driving Permit 1 4 0 15 DEC 2020
2. Airside Vehicle Permit 1 4 0 15 DEC 2020
3. Vehicle Break Down & Reporting 4 0 15 DEC 2020
1
Incidents
3. Vehicle Break Down & Reporting 4 0 15 DEC 2020
2
Incidents
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4. Enforcement of Airside Driving & 4 0 15 DEC 2020

1
Safety Regulations
2
Safety Regulations
3
Safety Regulations
4
Safety Regulations
5. Rules & Procedure Governing 4 0 15 DEC 2020
Vehicle Driving on the Airside 1
Operational Area of VIA
6. Airside Access Points & Critical 4 0 15 DEC 2020
1
Area of Navigational Aids
6. Airside Access Points & Critical 4 0 15 DEC 2020
2
Area of Navigational Aids
7. Vehicle Safety Requirements 1 4 0 15 DEC 2020
8. Driving Conduct 1 4 0 15 DEC 2020
9. Vehicle Phraseology at VIA 1 4 0 15 DEC 2020
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10. Markings & Signs 1 4 0 15 DEC 2020
Annex A 1 4 0 15 DEC 2020
Annex B 1 4 0 15 DEC 2020
Annex C 1 4 0 15 DEC 2020
Annex D 1 4 0 15 DEC 2020
Annex E 1 4 0 15 DEC 2020
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0.2 PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT
This book provides information about the Airside Driving permit, Airside Vehicle Permit and
Rules & Regulation of Operating vehicles/equipment on the Airside of Velana International
Airport. This book also acts as a quick guide to the application requirements. The purpose of
Airside Driving Control measures is to ensure a safe airside operation at Velana International
Airport.
The Airside Driving Handbook is applicable to all vehicles and mobile equipment operating
within the Airside Controlled Area of Velana International Airport. A clause will be incorporated
in this book as a guide to restricted Landside Area vehicle operation of VIA.
All Rules and Regulations stated in this book will be reviewed from time to time and AGA
circulars will be issued for any updates. Feedbacks and recommendations to improve this
book can be suggested via a form shown in Annex B in this book and by emailing to
aerodrome@macl.aero After reviewing these suggestion and comments with relevant
entities, amendments will be made in this Handbook.
To Safeguard the movement of Aircraft, vehicles and personnel on the ground, the following
Rules
governing vehicle operation on airside operational areas of VIA must be complied. The Airport
Zone map is shown in Annex A of this document.
0.3 SCOPE OF DOCUMENT
This book should be read in conjunction with Transport Authority of Maldives and Maldives
Civil Aviation Regulations. In accordance with Maldives Civil Aviation Regulations(MCAR)
MCAR139, ASC139-5; procedures for controlling the operation of Surface vehicle on or near
the movement area of Airport must be included in the Aerodrome Manual. This requirement
is met in this Handbook as part of VIA Aerodrome Manual.
Failure to Comply with the requirements of this Handbook is a breach of regulatory

requirement and any such failure will be taken into account by MACL in considering whether
to exclude the individuals or entities from operating a vehicle on Airside.
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The Control of Airside with regard to Vehicles, Drivers and Handling Operations is under
Aerodrome & Ground Aids(AGA)/ MACL. The Control of Aircraft Taxiing from Runway to
Apron and vice-versa comes under the Aerodrome Control Tower/ MACL. The Security of
Airport comes under Aviation Security Command-Ministry of Defense and National Security.
Companies wishing to operate a vehicle on airside of VIA is responsible for obtaining an

Airside Vehicle permit and Airside Driving permit for each vehicle and drivers, respectively.
They are also responsible for training of Drivers to operate specific vehicles and also providing
training of company specific requirements.
Airside Drivers are responsible for compliance with the detailed rules set in the Handbook.
The Officers have day to day responsibility of ensuring that the movements of person and
vehicles on airside are in accordance with the Handbook.
0.4 REFERENCES
All users of traffic way on the Non-public/Restricted Operational area of VIA is governed by
the following Rules & Regulations;
a. The Rules and Regulations of Motor vehicles on land- Transport Authority of Maldives
b. Maldives Civil Aviation Regulations 139-5
c. Aerodrome Manual- Velana International Airport
d. All the Manuals, Documents, Circulars associated with Aerodrome Manual of VIA
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0.5 DOCUMENT PROCEDURES AND DISTRIBUTION
0.5.1 DISTRIBUTION LIST
The official version of this handbook can be found at Aerodrome & Ground Aids, Hard copies
within MACL offices are for reference only, unless clearly marked as ‘Controlled Copy’.
The printed hard copies are distributed as per the table below. The Aerodrome & Ground Aids
Section issues and controls them on behalf of the QMS.
Type of Copy
Distribution Copies
Hard Soft
Quality Manager Master Copy 01 √ √
Aerodrome & Ground Aids Master Copy 02 √ √
Head of AAMS Copy 01 √ √
Head of SSC Copy 02 √ √
Head of Quality Compliance Copy 03 √ √
Head of Aerodrome Compliance Copy 04 ˣ √
Head of Safety Compliance Copy 05 ˣ √
Duty Room (Aerodrome & Ground Aids) Copy 06 ˣ √
Intranet (MACL) Copy 07 ˣ √
Website (MACL) Copy 08 ˣ √
Airlines Copy 09 ˣ √
Stakeholders of VIA Copy 10 ˣ √
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0.5.2 RECORD OF REVISION
Revision
Edition No. Issue Date Effective Date Entered By
No.
EDITION 1 New - 2006 Ramp Services
Whole Aerodrome &

EDITION 2 - 1st May 2011
Document NAV. Aids
EDITION Aerodrome &
Page 10, 39 - 1st October 2011
2/01 NAV. Aids
Whole Aerodrome &
EDITION 3 - 1st January 2014
Document Ground Aids
EDITION Whole Aerodrome &
- 1st January 2016
3/01 Document Ground Aids
Whole Aerodrome &
EDITION 4 - 15th December 2020
Document Ground Aids
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0.5.3 REVISION HIGHLIGHTS
The following tables describe changes contained in the 4th Edition of “Airside Driving
Handbook of MACL.” From the previous 3rd Edition, Amendment 03/01.
The tables highlight the significant changes of this Edition.
Area Changed Description of Changes
All Contents Book
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0.5.4 ABBREVIATIONS AND EXPLANATIONS
Abbreviation Description
AAMS Aeronautical & Aerodrome Management Services
ADP Airside Driver Permit
AGA Aerodrome & Ground Aids
AOCC Airport Operations Control Centre
ARFF Airport Rescue and Fire Fighting
ATCO Air Traffic Control Officer
ATS Air Traffic Service
AVP Airside Vehicle Permit
AVSECOM Aviation Security Command
AWI Airport Worthiness Inspection
CEO Chief Executive Officer
DVOR Doppler VHF Omni-directional Range
FOD Foreign Object & Debris
GSE Ground Service Equipment
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
ILS Instrument Landing System

LDP Learner’s Driver Permit
LVP Land Side Vehicle Permit
MACL Maldives Airports Company Ltd.
MCAA Maldives Civil Aviation Authority
MCAR Maldives Civil Aviation Regulation
MD Managing Director
MNDF Maldives National Defense Force
MPS Maldives Police Service
MTA Maldives Transport Authority
RTF Radiotelephony
RWY Runway
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TADP Temporary Airside Driver Permit
TVP Temporary Vehicle Permit
TWY Taxiway
VHF Very High Frequency
VIA Velana International Airport
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0.5.5 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
Terms Definition
An occurrence associated with the operation or handling of an
aircraft in which a person is fatally or seriously injured, or the
ACCIDENT
aircraft sustains damage (adapted from the definition contained in
ICAO Annex 13)
A defined area of land or water (including any buildings,
AERODROME installations and equipment), intended to be used for the arrival,
departure and movement of aircraft.
The card evidencing the authorization issued by AGA of MACL/VIA
AIRSIDE DRIVERS
to the holder to drive vehicle in the airside of Velana International
PERMIT (ADP)
Airport in accordance with the categories specified within the card.
AIRSIDE VEHICLE Permit for a vehicle to be operated in the airside of Velana
PERMIT (AVP) International Airport
The movement area of an airport, adjacent terrain and buildings or
AIRSIDE
portions thereof, access to which is controlled.
A defined area in an aerodrome, intended to accommodate aircraft
APRON for the purposes of loading or unloading passengers, mail or cargo,
fuelling, parking or maintenance.
Any officer of the AGA of MACL/VIA or any Aviation Security
AUTHORISED
Command officer or any person duly authorized by the chief
OFFICER
executive officer to act on his behalf.
In relation to a trailer includes the driver of a vehicle by which the
DRIVER
trailer is drawn and ‘drive’ shall be construed accordingly.
‘FOLLOW ME’
A vehicle used to guide aircraft or other vehicles on the airside.
VEHICLE
An occurrence, other than an accident, associated with the
INCIDENT operation or handling of an aircraft, which affects or could affect the
safety of operation.
MANOEUVRING The part of an aerodrome used for the take-off, landing and taxiing
AREA of aircraft, excluding apron(s).
That part of an aerodrome used for the take-off, landing and taxiing
MOVEMENT AREA
of aircraft, consisting of the maneuvering area and the apron(s)
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In relation to a motor vehicle includes the person or organization in

OWNER/EMPLOYER
whose name the vehicle is registered.
That road within the airside that allows vehicles to move around the
PERIMETER ROAD
airport clears of apron, taxiways and runways.
To bring a vehicle to a stationary position and cause it to wait for
PARK any purpose other than that of immediately taking up or setting
down the passengers, goods or luggage.
That road within the airside that allows vehicles to move, clear of
SERVICE ROAD
apron, taxiways and runways.
A defined path on a land aerodrome established for the taxiing of
TAXIWAY
aircraft.
These include all signals, warning signs, posts, direction posts,
TRAFFIC SIGNS
signs lines, lamps,
Means any vehicle whether mechanically propelled or otherwise
VEHICLE and includes a bicycle, trailer, passenger loading bridge and any
other mobile equipment.
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0.5.6 KEY CONTACT NUMBERS
Number Number Personnel

333 7436 799 6031 Aerodrome & Ground Aids - MACL
303 7633 Ext. 7633 Airport Clinic
333 7475 - Airport Operations Control Centre - MACL
333 7122 Ext. 7122 Airport Rescue and Fire Fighting - ARFF
966 8024 797 0070 Airport Police
333 7240 Ext. 7240 Information -MACL
332 8388 - Male’ Area Hulhule’ Post - MNDF
799 0223 - Safety & Security Compliance - SSC
301 3344 792 1666 Security -AVSECOM
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1 AIRSIDE DRIVING PERMIT (ADP)
1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION
ADP is a licensing requirement that the airport licensee, MACL, maintains to promote safety
on the airside. The Airside Driving Permit system is a means of ensuring that all Airside users
drive safely and are aware and conscious of all the regulations, difficulties, dangers and
penalties that driving on airside entail. The Airside Driving Permit system is also intended to
ensure that all drivers on airside receives adequate training on airside procedures,
familiarization with MLE topography and where necessary radiotelephony procedures.
The issue of an ADP by MACL does not confer that the holder is in any way competent to
operate a vehicle/equipment other than his/her current National Driver’s License states.
Training and pre-requirements are different for each type of permit. ADP will be issued when
all requirements are met as stated in this document. An ADP will be issued for a duration of
3years maximum. For a foreign driver’s license which has been declared by Transport
Authority of Maldives, an ADP will be issued for a period of 1year. In special situations, a
temporary ADP(TADP) will be issued to Drivers for a period of 6months.
For drivers which require practical training for specialized vehicles on airside, a Learner’s
Driving Permit (LDP) will be issued for a period of 3months and LDP holders should be kept
under constant supervision and the sole responsibility of an LDP holder must be the
Organization/Department/Section requesting for it.
An ADP provides evidence that the holder has undergone a formal course of instruction, on
driving in the airside environment of VIA and has demonstrated by examination, sufficient
knowledge of the hazards of airside driving and the responsibilities placed on drivers and
responsible parties for safe driving on airside.
An ADP does not confer a general right of entry to airside areas by a driver.
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1.2 ADP SCHEME
1.2.1 AREA OF ACCESS
The ADP scheme covers three specific areas on Airside. The areas have been identified
separately in recognition of the increased level of competency required to safely operate on
the maneuvering area and to design the training framework accordingly.
An ADP is divided into three areas of airside:
I. “P” permit- Perimeter Roads on Airside
II. “A” Permit- Apron Area
III. “M” Permit- Maneuvering area
The “P” Permit allows the access to Perimeter roads on Airside. Perimeter Roads are roads
on airside which goes around the runway or movement area.
The “A” permit allows access to the Apron Areas and Service Roads. However, Drivers
requiring access to service roads which are not relevant to Aircraft Servicing are not allowed
into Apron Boundary areas allocated for Aircraft Servicing.
The “M” Permit allows access to Runways, Taxiways and Runway Strip Areas. However,
Drivers are to get clearance from Air Traffic Control Officers(ATCO) before accessing “M”
area.
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1.2.2 ADP CATEGORIES
National
ADP
Vehicle Details License
Category
Category
Category A
A1 Mobile vehicles, jeep, van & Ambulance B1
A2 VIP Bus, Van & Passenger Bus B2/INTERNAL
A3 Passenger Bus B0/INTERNAL
Category B
B1 Twin Cab, Pick-up, Lorry C1
B2 Water Truck, Lavatory Service Truck & Lorry C2/INTERNAL
B3 Dump Truck, Water Truck & Lavatory Service Truck C0/INTERNAL
Category C
C1 Grass Cutter, Friction Tester, Cart Tractor C1E/INTERNAL
C2 Baggage Tractor INTERNAL
Category D
D1 Mobile Stair, Ambu-Lift, Catering Truck & Conveyor Belt INTERNAL
D2 Hi-Loader, Universal Loader & Main-deck Loader INTERNAL
D3 Aircraft Towing Tug INTERNAL
Air-Conditioned Unit, Ground Power Unit & Air-Starter
D4 INTERNAL
Unit
Category E
E1 Fire Vehicle/Tender C0/INTERNAL
E2 Refueller/Fuel Truck D0/INTERNAL
Category F
F1 Fork-Lift V1/INTERNAL
F2 Crane V1
F3 Excavator V1
F4 Wheel Loader V1
F5 Grader V1
F6 Roller V1
F7 Tire wheel Asphalt Paver & Milling Machine V1
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1.3 ADP/LDP/TADP LAYOUT
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1.4 ADP REQUIREMENT
Airside Personnel who apply for an ADP/LDP/TADP shall:

1. Hold a Valid National Driving License issued by Transport Authority of Maldives with
Minimum Vehicle Categories of B1 or C1.
2. Have a Valid Airport Security Pass issued by AVSECOM
1.5 APPLICATION FOR ADP/LDP/TADP
ADP applications are required for New Drivers, Renewal of ADP/LDP or Upgrading of
ADP/LDP/TADP. If the type of permit you are applying for is different from the one you already
own, then also it is considered as Renewal.
The Applicant must be in the employment of MACL or an Airport Organization (i.e. Airline,
Ground Handling Agent or Approved MACL Contractors). For Applicant of Non-Airport
Organization, the application must be supported by an Airport Organization.
Applications for ADP/TADP/LDP must be received accompanied by the following:

1. A Completed ADP Application form, as issued by AGA (see Annex C)
2. A Copy of Valid Airport Security Pass
3. A Copy of Valid National Driving License
4. A Copy of Current ADP/LDP/TADP (For Renewal or Changing the type of ADP)
5. An official document showing that Vehicle/Equipment training has been given by their
respective organization
6. A valid Medical Certificate
Except requirement 4, all are required for New ADP application or changing LDP to ADP. And
for Renewal Purpose, requirement 6 is not needed.
1.6 MEDICAL CONDITION
The Applicant must disclose any medical condition or prescribed medication which may affect
their ability to operate/driver safely in airside areas. Authorized Personnel can request for a
medical checkup on the matter by the personnel if required or on disclosure of medical
condition which may affect their ability to operate/driver safely. If the issue is serious, then the
authorized section can revoke the personnel’s ADP for safety reasons. The holder of ADP has
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a duty to disclose any medical or prescribed medication that may affect their ability to drive
whilst holding the permit.
All drivers should be in good general health and medically screened before induction. The
medical Certificated produced should show that eyesight, color vision and hearing are tested.
The Following are required in the medical certificate.
1.6.1 EYE SIGHT
Drivers must have visual acuity, using corrective lenses if necessary.
1.6.2 COLOR PERCEPTION
Drivers operating vehicles at Airside must have the ability to distinguish the signal colors; Red,
Green and White. Depending on the results of any color vision deficiency drivers may be
precluded from driving on Airside Areas. Deficiencies will be risk assessed and a decision
made on the driver’s suitability to driver on airside by the officer-in-charge for ADP. All
Maneuvering area drivers must have full color vision capability.
1.6.3 HEARING
It is essential that drivers have the ability to hear sufficiently under adverse conditions (The
ability to hear a forced whisper at 6meters in each ear is recommended).
1.7 TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION
All drivers should study the Rules and Regulations for Airport Drivers (RRAD) and should have
adequate knowledge of Airside traffic rules and be familiar with the aerodrome layout and
signs and signals used on the aerodrome.
All ADP/LDP applicants are to attend the ADP awareness training session carried out by
AGA/MACL focusing on airside safety and RRAD. Applicants will have to complete a radio
communication phraseology training session too as they may be required to communicate
with ATCO while on the Airside.
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Applicants will then undergo a written examination issued by AGA/MACL to establish the
applicant’s competency. The examination consists of True or False questions and Multiple
choice questions in either Dhivehi or English. The pass mark is 80%.
For vehicles falling within the Categories defined by Transport Authority of Maldives, i.e.
vehicles that are registered at Transport Authority of Maldives, the driver’s license shall be
documentary proof that the driver can operate the vehicle. It is important that all drivers learn
to operate automatic as well as manual (clutch) type vehicles as AGA will neither test the type
of vehicles the driver can drive nor be responsible for any consequent occurrences.
However, for vehicles and equipment not defined by Transport Authority of Maldives
categories, applicants are to submit documentary proof of 50hours practical training on the
specified classification of vehicles/equipment from his/her training department. Both the
training Manager and Trainer of the respective company must sign the Certification. Once the
practical training is completed, application process stated above should be submitted.
1.8 ADP CHARGES
Details Rate(MVR)
Theory Test (per sitting) 185.00
Card Printing (per Card) 305.00
1st instance of damage/loss of card/permit 60.00
3rd instance of damage/loss of card/permit 185.00
Note: All charges stated are in Maldivian Rufiyaa(MVR) and include 6%GST
Fines area charged in addition to the regular charge for issuing permits. If a person loses
3cards/permits, only after consideration by the Head of AGA and AVSECOM and in
exceptional cases, a 4th card/permit will be issued after levying the above mentioned charges.
Card/permit will not be issued for the 5th time.
Currently MACL staffs are exempted from these fees.
Reference: J3-CIR/2018/27
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1.9 RENEWAL OF ADP
ADP should be renewed 1month prior to expiry. Recurrent training will be given when renewing
ADP. If the ADP card has to be renewed for reasons such as damage or misplacing with less
than 2months left to renewal date, then the same process will apply.
In the event that you lose your ADP card or it gets damaged, inform AGA as soon as possible
via email (aerodrome@macl.aero). AGA will issue the card within 1-2 working days.
1.10 EMPLOYER’S RESPONSIBILITY
It is the responsibility of the employer to ensure that any employee or person who drives the
employer’s vehicle on Airside areas meets the driver requirement stated in the document.
All vehicles which fall under the Transport Authority of Maldives category requires the National
Driving License and others that do not fall into line with Transport Authority, should be trained
by the respective Organization/Department/Section.
The employer must ensure that the contents of any new instructions and Notices regarding
these guidelines are brought to the attention of their employees driving on Airside.
It is also the responsibility of the employer to inform formally to cancel the ADP of an employee
due to resignation, termination or any other case. AGA shall be informed via email
(aerodrome@macl.aero) and the ADP card shall be returned to AGA office.
END OF CHAPTER
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2 AIRSIDE VEHICLE PERMIT
2.1 INTRODUCTION
Vehicle access to the Airside area of VIA is controlled strictly by AGA/MACL, through the issue
of Airside Vehicle Permits. All Vehicles shall have a Valid AVP whilst on Airside. An AVP does
not confer the right of entry and does not identify the driver or the passengers.
An AVP serves to identify the vehicle as an acknowledgement by MACL that the vehicle needs
to be used in the controlled or restricted areas specified on the permit when on official use.
An AVP must be clearly displayed on the Windscreen of the Vehicle or vehicles without a
Windscreen must display the AVP on frontal area of the vehicle/Equipment.
Emergency services vehicle on an Emergency or Major Training Exercise are exempt of this
requirement. E.g. Ambulance, ARFF, AVSECOM, MNDF and MPS during the above stated
operations.
2.2 AVP SCHEME
The AVP scheme is categorized into Two areas of VIA and they are Airside area and Landside
area. An AVP is issued as per the areas required by the Organization. They are;
I. Airside Area only
II. Airside & Landside Area
III. Landside Area only
The Type of Permit issued will be determined based on the areas and the type of operation
required for an organization however are subjected to AVSECOM approval. The following are
the Type of Permit issued by AGA/MACL;
2.2.1 AIRSIDE VEHICLE PERMIT (AVP)
AVP is issued for vehicles requiring access to all areas of Airside on regular basis. AVP is
valid for 01year from the issued date.
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2.2.2 TEMPORARY VEHICLE PERMIT (TVP)
TVP is issued to vehicles require temporary access to the controlled area on a particular
purpose for a specific period. TVP will be issued to entities on projects/contracts, which are
required on VIA controlled areas and will be issued after reviewing the validity of the contract.
2.3 AVP/TVP LAYOUT
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2.4 APPLICATION FOR AVP/TVP
Applicants requiring AVP/TVP should complete respective application form as required by

AGA/MACL before submitting the application form. An AVP/TVP should be submitted on
working days. AVP/TVP should be verified by AGA/MACL and approved by AVSECOM before
it can be issued.
The following documents are required;
1. Completed AVP application form (see Annex D)
2. Registration Certificate of the vehicle (Specialized Airport vehicle/equipment not
registered at Transport Authority of Maldives, see clause 2.6)
3. Documentary Evidence of Insurance coverage
4. Supporting documents for vehicle/equipment on projects/Contracts
2.5 AVP/TVP REQUIREMENT
2.5.1 VEHICLE CONDITION INSPECTION
Airport Worthiness Inspection(AWI) will be conducted on vehicles applying for AVP/TVP,

before it can be verified and approved. AWI will be carried out on all Airport Organization’s
vehicles by Mechanical Services/MACL, regardless of the area issued and Charges are
applicable. Currently MACL vehicles are exempted from these fees.
For Non-Airport Organizations, vehicle shall have a valid Sticker showing Road Worthiness
issued by Transport Authority of Maldives. AWI is not required for these vehicles only.
2.5.2 OBSTACLE LIGHTS
The Vehicle must be equipped with am Omni-directional flashing Amber Obstacle light,
mounted on the highest point of the vehicle and clearly visible through 360⁰. The main beam
showing between + or - 10⁰ in the horizontal plane and an intensity not exceeding 400candela
and a flash rate of 60 to 90 flashes per minute.
Large vehicles may need to display two obstacle lights at each end of the vehicle, clearly
visible from all sides. The obstacle light must be in operation at all times while the vehicle is
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in airside, unless parked in a designated parking or equipment area, (irrespective of the time
of day or the visibility conditions).
I. Fire Emergency, Ambulances, Police or Local Authority on an emergency shall use
flashing Red or Blue Lights when performing emergency Duties.
II. Obstacle Light is not required for vehicles require access to Landside Area only.
2.5.3 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION & LIVERY
All Vehicles requesting for AVP/TVP irrelevant of area must comply with the standard set forth
by Safety Department of MACL. The vehicles must be in Company Livery/Insignia on both
side of the vehicle and should be clear from 50meter apart. Long vehicles and special purpose
vehicle must be marked with suitable reflective bands.
2.5.4 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
All vehicle which require access to movement area shall be equipped with a fire extinguisher
of the correct type.
2.5.5 VEHICLE INSURANCE
All applicants must ensure that the following insurance requirements are fulfilled before
applying for an AVP/TVP. MACL require the holder of an AVP/TVP to carry adequate
insurance covering all actions, claims, costs and demands in respect of any loss, damage or
injury to property or persons (including fatal injuries) which may be made against them or their
servant’s agents/contractors, arising in connection with the use of vehicles at VIA.
Applicants of an AVP/TVP are required to produce documentary evidence of insurance cover
and the original policy document or cover note must identify VIA. A Sponsoring company must
certify that the sponsored company’s vehicle has the insurance coverage. Special
arrangement applies to the insurance of vehicles owned or on hire to contractors working on
behalf of MACL.
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2.6 VEHICLE REGISTRATION
Special Purpose vehicle which are not registered at Transport Authority of Maldives are
required to register at AGA of MACL. Vehicle Registration application form (see Annex E) has
to be submitted with vehicle specifications. These vehicle Data will be recorded at AGA and
vehicle registrations are processed as follows:
MM ZZ – XX
MM= starting two letter of requesting company
ZZ=Type of vehicle or equipment
XX=Number in ascending order
For example;
MI=MIC
CT=Catering Truck
XX=01
Once the registration process is completed, relevant party has to fit registration plate/Mark
according to the dimensions given, on the vehicle and the vehicle has to be insured before
applying for AVP/TVP.
FONT TYPE: IMPACT

SIZE: 180
HEIGHT OF THE LETTER MAX:2”
Vehicle Registration procedure is applicable to airport organizations only.

Fees payable for vehicle/equipment registrations at VIA are;
CATEGORY TONS ANNUAL FEE(MVR)
B1 0 to 2 1500.00
B2/D Above 2 to 5 5000.00
B3/D/E Above 5 7500.00
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2.7 CONDITIONS OF ISSUE
An AVP/TVP is issued subjected to a signed “Declaration by the applicant” indicating that the
details provided are accurate and in order.
The permit is issued to a specific vehicle and not transferable between vehicles, companies
or persons and serves only to identify the vehicle, not the driver or passenger.
The applicant or sponsor is responsible for returning the AVP to MACL for Cancellation in the
following Circumstances
I. When the purpose for which the pass issued has ceased
II. When the vehicle ownership changes
III. When the vehicle is scrapped, sold or otherwise permanently ceases operation at
airside
IV. In the case of a sponsored vehicle, when the vehicle is no longer used by the
sponsoring company, even though the pass is still valid
V. On request by MACL, MACL may remove or request to return of an AVP/TVP
VI. If the pass is defaced, altered, amended or bears marking not entered by the issuing
authority
VII. If the pass is found on any vehicle other than that for which it was issued
VIII. If a pass is obtained for a privately owned vehicle purported to be company owned
IX. When the vehicle pass is expired
The issue of an AVP during the previous carries no Automatic right to re-issue. The Issue of
an AVP does not confer the right to park at Airside. Applications for Privately owned or Non-
operational vehicles will not be approved.
2.8 EMPLOYERS RESPONSIBILITY
It is the responsibility of the employer to ensure that the Employer’s vehicles on Airside areas
have valid AVPs.
The Employer should ensure that the contents of any new instructions and Notices are brought
to attention of the employees and any changes made regarding AVP by authorized parties are
adhered to as soon as possible.
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The applicant or sponsoring company applying for and AVP/TVP is responsible for the safe
operation and fitness of the vehicle/equipment it uses on airside and is required to certify:
I. The applicant or sponsoring company must ensure that the frequency of inspections,
maintenance and servicing should be appropriate to the type and age of the vehicle
used in keeping with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
II. That only people trained and competent to drive/operate that vehicle/equipment would
drive it.
III. MACL reserves the right to inspect vehicles and relevant documentation to ensure that
they comply with these regulations as part of the Safety Management System.
2.9 AVP/TVP CHARGES
Rate
Category Description Airside(per Landside( per
year) month)
Light commercial vehicles such as cars,
A vans, land rovers, jeeps, pickups, etc. (up 305.00 305.00
to 2tons)
Heavy commercial vehicles such as trucks,
tractors, lorries, busses, dumpers, forklifts
B 610.00 610.00
and aircraft ground handling equipment(
from 2tons to 4tons/ above 20px)
Cranes, excavators, rollers, mobile
C construction equipment and machinery etc. 915.00 915.00
(above 4tons)
Details Rate(MVR)
3rd instance of damage/loss of card/permit 185.00
Note: All charges stated are in Maldivian Rufiyaa(MVR) and include 6%GST
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Fines area charged in addition to the regular charge for issuing permits. If a person loses
3cards/permits, only after consideration by the Head of AGA and AVSECOM and in
exceptional cases, a 4th card/permit will be issued after levying the above mentioned charges.
Card/permit will not be issued for the 5th time.
Currently MACL staffs are exempted from these fees.
2.10 ESCORT SERVICES
Escort Services are provided to vehicles which do not have AVP/TVP, but are required to
access VIA controlled area for specific reasons. Some examples include:
I. VVIP/VIP transport
II. Outsourced Maintenance Vehicles
III. Vehicles of other parties functioning in airport but not on airside.
2.10.1 PROCEDURE
Escort services are provided subject to security clearance which should be obtained from
AVSECOM by the client requiring escort services into VIA premises. Once the security
clearance is obtained, customers may request 24hour in advance to Commercial
Department/MACL via vehicleescort@macl.aero. AGA will provide the service movement
within airside and Transport/MACL will provide the service within landside once approved by
Commercial Department.
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2.10.2 CHARGES FOR ESCORT SERVICES
Category Description Tonnage Rate

Light commercial vehicles such as cars, van, land
A Up to 2 tons 250.00
rovers, jeeps, pickups, etc.
Heavy commercial vehicles such as trucks,
From 2 tons to
B tractors, lorries, buses, dumpers, forklifts and 375.00
4 tons
aircraft ground handling equipment.
Cranes, excavators, rollers, mobile construction
C Above 4tons 590.00
equipment and machinery, etc.
All rates are in Maldivian Rufiyaa(MVR) and subject to an additional 6%GST.
END OF CHAPTER
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3 VEHICLE BREAKDOWN & REPORTING INCIDENTS
3.1 VEHICLE BREAKDOWN
3.1.1 REPORTING
Drivers must immediately report to AGA is their vehicles are broken down on any airside
operational areas. Hazard warning lights, if fitted, must be turned on.
3.1.2 REMOVAL
The Drivers should try and remove the vehicle from the airside by any means possible ASAP
even until help arrives. AGA will coordinate if any vehicle requires external assistance. If the
broken down vehicle is posing a threat to aircraft operations, AGA will and can remove the
vehicle to a safe area. AGA will not be responsible for any damage or liability caused during
the removal of vehicles from this area and the responsible party will be charged for the
services rendered by MACL.
3.1.3 NO SERVICING
Refuelling, Servicing or repairing of vehicles on airside operational areas are prohibited.
3.2 TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS
3.2.1 REPORTING
In the event of any accident inside the Airport Restricted area, the drivers concerned should
report immediately to Safety.
3.2.2 INJURIES
If Injuries are involved, drivers should immediately report to ARFF and request for an
Ambulance.
3.2.3 REMAIN AT SCENE
Unless aircraft movement is affected, all persons involved in the accident should remain at the
scene. Vehicles involved should not be disturbed until authority arrives.
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3.2.4 LIABILITY
Any personnel involved in an accident/incident found to be the responsible party, he/she will
be liable to compensate any damages or other costs inquired due to the accident/incident to
the affected person(s)/parties.
END OF CHAPTER
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4 ENFORCEMENT OF AIRSIDE DRIVING & SAFETY REGULATIONS
4.1 GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY RULES AND REGULATIONS
All Airside Drivers must observe the provisions stipulated in the Government Authority Rules
& Regulations. Drivers who commit traffic offences at the airside may become liable to legal
action taken by the Maldives Police Services in pursuant to the Government Authority Rules
& Regulations.
4.2 THE AIRSIDE DRIVING OFFENSE POINTS SCHEME
The points scheme is not a punitive measure. Emphasis is placed on the retraining of drivers,
which must be completed within a prescribed period to refresh the offender’s knowledge on
rules and safety procedures to prevent recurrence of the offence. Offender is permitted to
continue driving on airside during duties hours’ subject to the maximum points being
accumulated.
It should be noted that the Airside Driving Offence points scheme shall in no way prejudice
the enforcement of the Government Authority Rules and Regulations.
4.2.1 DRIVING OFFENCE POINTS
Notwithstanding provisions in the Government Authority Rules and regulations, Violations of

Airside Driving Regulations which may compromise Safety of Airside Operations will carry
driving offence points.
The Number of driving offence points added to each offence relates to the severity of the
hazard to the safety of Airside Operations caused by the traffic offence. The Driver who has
accumulated 12 demerit points within a period of 12months from the date of first office will
have his ADP withdrawn and is required to pass both theory and driving tests, if he/she wishes
to continue driving in the Airside.
Drivers who commit offence of causing Aircraft damage by careless driving, in addition to
offence points, the ADP card will be suspended for 03months immediately. Further action will
be taken against repeated offenders.
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4.2.2 RE-TRAINING
Training will be given to all airside drivers upon applying for new ADP and Renewal of ADP.
The Driver’s capability to operate specialized/specific vehicle shall be monitored by their
respective organization/company/section.
A refresher training will be given to drivers who have committed an offense causing an
accident/incident at airside.
4.2.3 SUSPENSION
Failure to re-sit and pass the examination within the prescribed period will result in the
suspension of the ADP. Drivers shall not operate any mobile equipment or vehicle within the
Airside restricted area until he/she has passed the examination for the re-issuing of ADP.
The concerning company should ensure that no driving duties are assigned to the staff until
he/she has passed the examination for the re-issuing of ADP.
4.2.4 WITHDRAWAL
If the driver failed to attend the ADP examination due to any reasons, AGA will send a
notification to the sponsoring organization that the permit holder is required to proceed to AGA
to delete the ADP due to expiration, and in the event that the permit holder failed to do so on
or before a specified date, his/her permit will be cancelled.
In the notification, the sponsoring organization will be reminded that they are responsible for
all liabilities as a result of their staff driving inside the Restricted Area without a valid ADP or
Driving Authorization. AGA will notify to the Authorized signatory of the sponsoring
organization.
4.2.5 RE-INSTATEMENT OF ADP
If a company required the ADP of an employee to be re-issued, the company shall apply to
AGA. The driver is required to re-sit and pass the Examination before his/her ADP will be re-
issued.
4.2.6 APPEAL
An appeal panel will be set up to review any appeal with respect to Driving offence points. The
concerned company of the driver must submit in writing, the justification of appeal to Safety
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Department, within 2 weeks from the date of Deducting points for driver’s violation of rules or
Driving offences.
4.2.7 SCALE OF DEMERIT POINTS
4.2.7.1 DRIVING OFFENCES
DEMERIT
NO. OFFENCE
POINTS
Exceeding Speed limit in the vicinity of an Aircraft parking bay by
a) 06km/h to 20km/h 2
1 b) 21km/h to 30km/h 5
c) 31km/h to 40km/h 8
d) More than 40kn/h 12
Exceeding speed limit on Service Road of an Aircraft parking bay by
a) 16km/h to 20km/h 2
2 b) 21km/h to 30km/h 5
c) 31km/h to 40km/h 8
d) More than 40km/h 12
3 Driving without due care or reasonable consideration 9
Failing to comply with directional/verbal instruction of an Authorized
4 3
officer in the movement area
5 Failing to give way to aircraft in the movement area 9
Sitting other than on a passenger seat or standing in a section of the
6 5
vehicle not constructed for standing purpose
7 Failing to confirm to traffic signs in Aerodrome 5
8 Failing to give way to passengers 4
Parking vehicles/equipment in a manner causing obstruction, danger or
9 2
undue inconvenience to other users in aerodrome
10 Driving vehicles/equipment not authorized in the ADP 9
11 Driving a vehicle/equipment without an AVP 9
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4.2.7.2 NATURE OF VIOLATION
NO. NATURE OF VIOLATION DEMERIT

POINTS
Driving over any hose or bonding cable laid on the ground by fueling
1 9
agents during aircraft re-fuelling
Leaving vehicle unattended with the engine running, within 7.meters of
2 9
an aircraft
3 ‘Run-away’ trailer unit 6
Towing more than 4 container trailer/baggage trolleys or more than 3
4 6
pallet dollies at any time
5 Vehicle other than baggage tractors, entering “Baggage Handing Area” 4
Failing to switch on Amber flashing beacon light on top of the vehicle
6 4
when operating on movement area
7 Load falling from equipment/vehicle 2
8 Conveying load that is not properly secured 4
9 Driving a forklift with its fork elevated 4
10 Towing defective trailers/trolleys on airside roadways 4
Crossing Apron boundary line for the purpose other than servicing
11 9
aircraft, maintenance and inspection of apron
END OF CHAPTER
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5 RULES AND PROCEDURE GOVERNING VEHICLE DRIVING ON THE AIRSIDE

OPERATIONAL AREA OF VIA
5.1 GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR AIRSIDE DRIVING (RRAD)
1 No vehicles are permitted to Airside unless Authorized by AVSECOM Officers.
2 Vehicles should access the airside through the designated access points only. If any
driver is found to access the airside via any other area without being authorized,
AVSECOM officers can remove the vehicle from the airside and the driver’s license
can be revoked by authorized sections.
3 All drivers should wear high visibility safety vest and other personal protection
equipment (PPE) as issued by the respective organization/company/section for which
he/she works for or to the standards set forth by Safety Department/MACL, and;
I. The basic color of the
background material of the
high visibility safety vest
shall be yellow or lime
green.
II. The airport pass should be
visible when wearing the
high visibility safety vest
III. The high visibility safety
vest shall be imprinted with
the respective
organization’s logo for
easy identification
4 No Driver should drive a vehicle which he/she is not authorized to drive (as per the
national driving license and/or the driver’s employer).
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5 No Driver should drive on the airside areas other than those permitted on the ADP.
However, in case of an emergency, like an FOD on the runway, you can access the
area with the relevant permission without ADP.
6 All drivers will be responsible for ensuring that occupants in the vehicle are authorized
to remain in the airside and are fully documented in accordance with the AVSECOM
rules.
7 All drivers must assist the security personnel at the access points to ensure that the
vehicle and occupants are in accordance with the airside safety rules.
8 Drivers should have and display the security pass allowing access to the airside and
the ADP at all times on airside. The vehicle should also be displaying the AVP and
grants of the specific vehicle operating on the airside.
9 A vehicle operator should not leave a vehicle attended, especially if engines are
running, or park the vehicle, either generally or in relation to a particular class of
vehicles, where it may create a hazard on the airside.
10 All vehicle operators must operate the vehicle or remove vehicle from any area on the
airside, if was parked in id required by an Authorized person on the airside.
11 Immediate action will be taken to remove any unauthorized vehicles operating airside.
In the event that a driver is found to be uncooperative, the AVSECOM or MPS officers
will be informed and they are authorized to remove the driver and vehicle from the
Airside.
12 Vehicles are restricted from the movement area unless for the following purpose
I. Maintenance
II. Inspection
III. Towing of Aircraft
In any other case, valid access must be established and ATCO Clearance should be
obtained.
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13 Vehicles entering movement area should have Two-way radio communication with
ATCO and Fire Extinguishers of the correct type must be affixed.
14 Vehicle operating on the movement area
must display an Amber Rotating Beacon

while vehicles involved in emergencies
must display Red/Blue Beacon
15 The Driver shall seek permission from ATCO using VHF radio on the appropriate
frequency for clearance to enter the movement area. He/she shall state the
I. Vehicle Call Sign
II. Present Vehicle Location
III. The purpose of entering the maneuvering area
IV. The duration of stay
16 Once the ATCO clearance is received,

I. the driver shall visually check the movement area to check whether it
is safe to proceed and clear of aircraft movements
II. Throughout the time the vehicle is inside the movement area, the driver
must maintain Radio Listening watch on the appropriate VHF frequency
III. Report Promptly to ATCO when exiting the movement area
IV. In the event of VHF radio failure, the driver must immediately clear the
runway and taxiways, use alternative means such as telephone to
report to ATCO when clear of the area (Clearance of mobile vehicles
should be 90meters minimum from the centerline of Runway).
17 Never enter to a ILS (Instrument Landing System) critical area.
18 Vehicles without AVP, Drivers without ADP and any other unauthorized vehicles or
drivers must be escorted by AGA subject to security clearance. During escort services,
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call sign of AGA vehicle must be used and vehicles/Equipment information should be
informed to ATCO.
19 If any Hazard(FOD) is detected on the movement area, drivers should remove it if

possible or report to responsible personnel (AGA or ATCO) as soon as possible.
20 ATCO permission shall be obtained before accessing the Runway Strip Area.
21 No Littering is allowed on Airside.
22 Vehicles shall use the service road when driving on the apron area at all times unless
required to access the Servicing Boundary area for Aircraft servicing (Aircraft Servicing
Boundary is marked in Red on Apron area).
23 Any vehicle capable of elevation must be fully retracted when driving on Apron area.
24 Vehicle are not allowed within 3meters of any aircraft unless for the purpose of
servicing only.
25 Vehicles are not allowed under the wings of an Aircraft.
Vehicles should not be driven inside the

coned area of a parked aircraft as this is
26
the safety area marked where Aircraft
stands are not available.
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Vehicles should stop at the “Aircraft

Movement Ahead” marking on the
27
service road if an aircraft is operating its
Anti-Collision Beacon
To avoid damage to Aircraft or Injury to

28 passengers, vehicles/equipment must
give way to aircraft at all times
29 Vehicles should give way to passengers, passenger buses, GSE servicing the aircraft
on the apron area
30 All accidents/incidents shall be reported immediately. Action will be taken against

drivers fleeing the accident/incident scene without reporting
31 AGA have the authority to withdraw ADP cards, if the driver is found violating Rules
when operating on movement area
32 All vehicles shall be roadworthy and in sound mechanical condition so as to avoid

breakdowns, spillage of fuels, lubricants and hydraulic oils. AGA reserves the right to
subject vehicles to be inspected for Airport Worthiness to ensure the vehicle is in
compliance with the requirement
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Vehicles should keep clear of 200m

behind, 200m in front and 54m from the
33
center of an aircraft, if the aircraft is
taxiing on its own power
Vehicles should keep 7.5m clear of

Aircraft engines, 5m from the tip of wings
34 and 76m behind the aircraft, if the Aircraft
is being towed by the help of a Tow Tug
or Tow tractor
35 Vehicle speed on the maneuvering area are restricted to;

I. 25km/h on the Runway
II. 15km/h on the Taxiways
36 Vehicle speed on the Apron area are restricted to;

I. 5km/h for vehicles/equipment involved in servicing aircrafts within the
safety area of aircraft
II. 10km/h within 15meters of an aircraft
III. 15km/h elsewhere for all vehicles on apron area
37 Speed Limit Exemption are given to Emergency vehicles such as Fire Engines,
Ambulance and Police vehicle on call must be given priority to move ahead quickly and
safely. Any indication of their approach such as sirens or flashing beacon should
prompt the driver to give way by moving to the left, slowing down or stopping if
necessary. However, these vehicles must give way to Taxiing or towing aircraft at all
times.
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No Driver should eat, drink, be drunk, be

intoxicated, smoke and/or use a mobile
38
phone while driving, even with the use of
an ear piece
Smoking and eating is prohibited in the

39 airside (Apron area, Baggage Handling
Area, Hangers and in Vehicles)
40 Liquid or Gaseous Fuel should not be filled or discharged other than an area approved
for that purpose.
41 No driver should drive a vehicle with passengers seated other than the area provided
for passenger accommodation.
Container Dollies Loaded 4 Unloaded 6

A Baggage
Pallet Dollies Loaded 2 Unloaded 3
Tractor is allowed
42 Baggage Cart(L) Loaded 2 Unloaded 3
to tow at any one
Baggage Cart(S) Loaded 3 Unloaded 4
time
43 Loads carried in vehicles, Containers and on pallets shall be properly secured to

prevent them from being dislodged during carriage.
44 If defects on the trailers/pallets are found during towing, the driver shall tow the
containers/cargo to the nearest equipment holding area and replace the faulty
trailer/pallet before continuing to tow. The driver must report the fault to his section to
remove the trolley/pallet from the equipment holding area.
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45 No vehicle shall be towed by any other unless a suitable towing facility is used for that
purpose.
46 The trailers must be fitted with red rear reflectors and amber side reflectors, clearly
visible in conditions of poor visibility or in darkness. High intensity reflective sheet
material or reflective paint is an acceptable alternative.
47 Vehicles marked/painted must be made highly conspicuous to be visible from all sides.
Specific clearance must be obtained from MACL for unmarked vehicles to be used on
movement area.
48 When Aircraft is being refueled:

I. Drivers shall not start their vehicles when within 15m of a refueling
aircraft.
II. Vehicles shall keep clear of the Aircraft engines and shall not pass
within 2.5m radius around the aircraft fuel tank vents.
III. Vehicles shall not drive over any hose or bonding cable laid during
aircraft refueling.
49 If oil spillage is found movement area, the driver who sees it should report to relevant
authorities.
50 In case of an emergency, all drivers should follow the instructions in the AEP (Airport
Emergency Planning)
END OF CHAPTER
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6 AIRSIDE ACCESS POINTS AND CRITICAL AREA OF NAVIGATIONAL AREAS
6.1 AIRSIDE ACCESS POINTS
All vehicles entering airside must access through the designated airside access points.
Security Check posts established at these access points are controlled by Drop Arm Barrier
gates.
6.2 ILS CRITICAL AREAS
ILS Glide Path area on East side of RWY36 are marked by a boundary marker.
ILS Localizer array antennas located on RWY end
DVOR Antenna located at west of RWY North
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ILS Glide path, ILS Localizer Antenna & DVOR area are strictly No Entry Zone where
appropriate permission must be taken in order to attend these sites. These Antennas Are
Navigational guidance equipment for Aircraft Landing. Infringing into these areas may cause
interference and shut down of the equipment.
END OF CHAPTER
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7 VEHICLE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
Drivers must ensure that their

vehicles/equipment are Roadworthy and
meet safety requirements in accordance
with Airside Vehicle Safety requirements.
Any vehicle which fails to do so shall be
removed from the airside operational
areas
7.1 OBSTRUCTION BEACONS
The flashing obstruction beacon must be switched on whenever a vehicle is driven on the
airside operational areas, irrespective of the time of day/night.
7.2 HEADLIGHTS
Use of High Beam Headlights is prohibited
7.3 SEATING CAPACITY
Passengers may only be carried in vehicles/equipment accommodated for passenger transfer.

The number of passengers carried shall not exceed that authorized seating limit specified for
the vehicle.
7.4 SEAT BELTS
All drivers and front seat passengers must fasten seat belts on vehicles so equipped and
drivers should ensure front seat passengers have seat belts on before driving off.
7.5 PRE-DRIVING VEHICLE CHECK
To drive safely, you should conduct pre-driving vehicle check before driving off;
I. Your vehicle must have a valid AVP displayed
II. Check whether the tyres are in good condition and inflated to the correct pressure
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III. Check whether the steering, brakes and brake failure warning light are operational
IV. Make sure the vehicle/equipment is equipped with a serviceable fire extinguisher
END OF CHAPTER
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8 DRIVING CONDUCT
8.1 GIVE WAY TO AIRCRAFT
Vehicles shall give way to aircraft at all

times. This rule applies to aircraft taxiing on
their own power as well as aircraft on tow.
I. Stop before the “GIVE WAY TO AIRCRAFT” ground marking

II. Ensure no aircraft is on its own power as well as aircraft on tow is approaching. If they
are, hold at holding position near designated marking on the service road
III. Ensure the road ahead is clear and he/she will be immediately able to drive across without
stopping
IV. Always stay alert and keep clear of other vehicles and people before moving on
V. Keep at least one tow tractor distance between other vehicles
8.2 JET EFFLUX
Drivers operating on apron areas shall be vigilant of the hazard of jet efflux from aircraft
engines or taxing aircrafts. Vehicles shall always maintain a safe distance behind aircrafts with
operating engines.
8.3 DIRECT TAXI-OUT OPERATIONS
Aircraft departing from parking stands designated for direct taxi-out operations may direct taxi-
out on its own power after obtaining approval from ATCO. All drivers and personnel must
exercise extra cautions when passing behind the aircraft to avoid any jet blast hazards. Drivers
should stop and wait, if the engines are running or until aircraft has completely taxied out from
the stand if the aircraft’s anti-collision beacons are switched on.
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8.4 DESIGNATED VEHICLE ROUTES
When driving in the airside areas, drivers

must follow designated vehicular routes
defined by ground markings, unless the
vehicle is operating inside an aircraft
parking stand. Vehicles should not enter
a parking stand as short cut or to overtake
vehicles.
Vehicles driving on vehicular routes shall

keep to left and a vehicle overtaking
another should do so on the right hand
side of the vehicle being overtaken; No
overtaking unless safe to do so and only
in areas where overtaking is allowed.
Also vehicles are not allowed to take U-
turns on the service road.
8.5 RIGHT OF WAY
I. Vehicles operating on a parking stand shall not drive under the wings or fuselage of
the aircraft, except for access in connection with aircraft servicing.
II. Vehicles shall give way to ground personnel operation at the aircraft side.
III. Vehicles operating on the aprons must give way to passenger buses, ambulances and
fire engines responding to emergency calls. These vehicles are exempted from the
requirement to follow the standard routes.
8.6 GROUND SERVICE EQUIPMENT(GSE) / VEHICLE PARKING SPACE
GSE/Vehicles specific to airside, when not in use must be parked in the designated equipment
areas or in the parking spaces as designated by Ramp Services/MACL. Other vehicles
requiring parking on apron area should ask guidance from a Ramp officer/MACL.
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8.7 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING LOW VISIBILITY CONDITIONS
In the event of low visibility conditions when Runway Visual Range(RVR) is 1000meters or
lower, or cloud ceiling is 400feet or lower, and if forecast to deteriorate, Authority will stipulate
restrictions on vehicle movements.
1. Vehicle movements on the aprons shall be reduced to the minimum. Always confirm
whether it is safe to proceed in a vehicle in the intended course during such situations
2. Entry to Aircraft maneuvering area will be strictly prohibited
3. Maximum driving speed shall be reduced to 15km/h. however, as visibility deteriorates,
driver must further slow down to a speed safe for prevailing conditions
4. Drivers shall keep a wider distance from aircraft and other vehicles
END OF CHAPTER
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9 VEHICLE PHRASEOLOGY AT VIA
9.1 INTRODUCTION
Vehicle drivers operating near the aircraft require compliance with rules and standards of
conduct in areas designated for aircraft movement. The radio frequency used to communicate
with the Control Tower may be quite busy at times, as it is also used by pilots and controllers.
Hence, drivers need to understand and use the correct radiotelephony (RTF) phraseology and
techniques.
The purpose of this handbook is to provide you with a reference to the phraseology most
commonly used between vehicle drivers and controllers.
Standard RTF phraseology has been developed over time to be as clear and concise as
possible. Unclear or non-standard phraseology can lead to misunderstanding. Such
misunderstandings have led to incidents and accidents in some countries. However, whilst
standard phraseology is available to cover most routine situations, not every conceivable
situation will be covered. Drivers should be prepared to use plain language where necessary
and follow the principle of keeping transmissions clear, concise and to the point.
Drivers have a personal responsibility to drive safely and follow the rules of the aerodrome.
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9.2 GOOD RTF PRACTICE
9.2.1 BEFORE YOU TRANSMIT
1. Be aware of the radio failure procedures.

2. Make sure that the volume and squelch controls on the radio are correctly set.
3. If you plan to work outside the vehicle and it is equipped with a fixed unit, ensure a
handheld unit is also available. Be aware that high ambient noise levels, e.g. aircraft
noise, may drown out transmissions.
4. The frequency could be very busy. Hence, listen before transmitting. Do not interrupt
another transmission and allow time for any necessary reply from someone else.
5. Think about what you are going to say before you transmit. If you are in a position to
do so, it may help to write it down in advance.
6. Press the transmit switch before you start to talk.
9.2.2 WHEN YOU TRANSMIT
Use a normal conversation tone. Do not talk too fast, speak clearly and at a steady pace. Keep
the rhythm, speed, volume and pitch normal. Keep the microphone close to your lips but not
touching them and do not turn your head away from the microphone while talking.
‘Roger’ means ‘I have received all of your last transmission’. Do not say ‘roger’ if you have not
received all of the transmission, but use ‘say again’ to ask for the message to be repeated.
Do not use ‘roger’ to acknowledge a message requiring a specific answer.
Always read back in full instructions relating to movement on the maneuvering area. Do not
replace a read back of these instructions with ‘roger’ or ‘copied’ or ‘wilco’. Read backs are
important because they help to make sure that you have received and understood all of the
instructions transmitted to you. If you are in a position to do so, it may help to write down
important parts of the instruction, such as a holding point.
If you do not understand instructions, ask for clarification and do not guess what it is you are
being told to do.
If the instructions issued by the controller do not correspond precisely with the request, query them.
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9.2.3 AFTER YOU TRANSMIT
Do not release the transmit switch until after you have finished speaking.
If you are using a handheld radio or microphone, make sure that it is not left in such a position
where the transmit button is pressed in, as this will jam the frequency and mean that no one
else will be heard if they transmit. A jammed frequency is not just irritating; it is potentially
dangerous.
9.2.4 LISTENING
Be aware that people can fall into the trap of hearing what they expect to hear, rather than
what is actually said to them. Listen carefully to make sure you hear what is said to you.
At all times listen for your call sign and any new instructions or information. As the traffic
situation changes, you may be given different instructions or information. As the traffic
situation changes, you may be given different instructions or new information.
Transmissions from pilots or other vehicle drivers also contain valuable information about their
intentions that can help you maintain awareness of the other traffic around you. This is
particularly important when driving at the airport at night, in adverse weather, or during low
visibility conditions.
9.3 RADIO PROCEDURES
9.3.1 RTF SPELLING ALPHABET
The ICAO RTF Spelling Alphabet, tabled below, should be used in radio communications on
the airside.
Letter Word Pronunciation
A Alfa AL FAH
B Bravo BRAH VOH
C Charlie CHAR LEE or SHAR LEE
D Delta DELL TAH
E Echo ECK OH
F Foxtrot FOKS TROT
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G Golf GOLF
H Hotel HO TELL
I India IN DEE AH
J Juliett JEW LEE ETT
K Kilo KEY LOH
L Lima LEE MAH
M Mike MIKE
N November NO VEM BER
O Oscar OSS CAH
P Papa PAH PAH
Q Quebec KEH BECK
R Romeo ROW ME OH
S Sierra SEE AIR RAH
T Tango TANG GO
U Uniform YOU NEE FORM or OO NEE FORM
V Victor VIK TAH
W Whiskey WISS KEY
X X-ray ECKS RAY
Y Yankee YANG KEY
Z Zulu ZOO LOO
9.3.2 PRONUNCIATION OF NUMBERS
Numbers shall be transmitted using the following pronunciations;
Number or Numeral Element Pronunciation
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0 ZE-RO
1 WUN
2 TOO
3 TREE
4 FOW- er
5 FIFE
6 SIX
7 SEV-en
8 AIT
9 NIN-er
5 and 9 are spoken as ‘FIFE’ and ‘NINER’ respectively as they are easily confused when
spoken normally.
Number or Numeral Element Pronunciation
Decimal DAY-SEE-MAL
Hundred HUN-dred
Thousand TOU-SAND
The syllables printed in capital letters in the above table are to be stressed; for example, the
two syllables in ZE-RO are given equal emphasis, whereas the first syllable of FOW-er is
given primary emphasis.
Each digit, except the thousands, should be pronounced separately. Add the word “thousand”
after the digit to indicate a thousand. Add the word “decimal” in between digits to indicate a
decimal.
Number Spoken As
10 ONE ZERO
50 FIVE ZERO
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100 ONE ZERO ZERO
427 FOUR TWO SEVEN
15000 ONE FIVE THOUSAND
121.9 ONE TWO ONE DECIMAL NINE
9.4 PHRASEOLOGY
1. Use standard phraseology when possible.

2. Always be concise and unambiguous on RTF.
3. Do not use expressions of politeness excessively.
9.4.1 CALL SIGN
Drivers should ensure they always use the correct call sign allocated to that particular vehicle.
9.4.2 ESTABLISHING COMMUNICATION
When first establishing communication, drivers should use the full call signs of both stations,
saying first whom they are calling (e.g. Male’ Tower), and then who they are (e.g. Safety
One).
The reply may include the phrase ‘go ahead’.
Example
Safety One: MALE’ TOWER, THIS IS SAFETY ONE
Male’ Tower: SAFETY ONE, MALE’ TOWER, GO AHEAD
If there is no response, the vehicle operator should wait a few moments to re-try.
An acknowledgment means a transmission has been received and fully understood with a
read back of the message to ATC.
Example
Vehicle: TOWER, SAFETY ONE, ROGER
If the instructions are not fully understood, the vehicle operator should request a repeat of the
message.
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Example
Vehicle: TOWER, SAFETY ONE, SAY AGAIN
To end any communication, say the call sign of the calling station.
Example
Vehicle: SAFETY ONE
9.4.3 CONTINUING COMMUNICATION
Once satisfactory communication has been established, only the vehicle call sign is normally
used.
Example
Tower: SAFETY ONE, REPORT POSITION
Safety One: SAFETY ONE, ON THE MAIN APRON, REQUEST ENTER RUNWAY
FOR AN INSPECTION
Tower: SAFETY ONE, ENTER RUNWAY VIA TAXIWAY ALPHA
9.5 AUTHORIZATION REQUEST AND RESPONSE
During communications with ATC, standard phraseology should be used to make

transmissions more efficient and to avoid misunderstandings. The following are examples of
standard radio transmissions:
9.5.1 PERMISSION TO ENTER RUNWAY
Example
Vehicle: MALE’ TOWER, AIRFIELD THREE
Tower: AIRFIELD THREE, TOWER
Vehicle: AIRFIELD THREE ON THE MAIN APRON, REQUEST

PERMISSION TO PROCEED RUNWAY 36 VIA TAXIWAY
BRAVO FOR RUNWAY INSPECTION
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Tower: AIRFIELD THREE, PROCEED RUNWAY 36 VIA TAXIWAY

BRAVO FOR RUNWAY INSPECTION
Vehicle: ROGER, AIRFIELD THREE
or
Tower: AIRFIELD THREE, NEGATIVE, HOLD YOUR POSITION
Vehicle: HOLDING, AIRFIELD THREE
9.5.2 PERMISSION TO PROCEED ONTO TAXIWAY
Example
Vehicle: MALE’ TOWER, THIS IS AIRFIELD ONE, NORTH OF MAIN
APRON. REQUEST TO PROCEED TO WORK IN PROGRESS
ON TAXIWAY CHARLIE
Tower: AIRFIELD ONE, THIS IS MALE’ TOWER. PROCEED TO

TAXIWAY CHARLIE. ACKNOWLEDGE
Vehicle: TOWER, AIRFIELD ONE. PROCEEDING TO TAXIWAY

CHARLIE
Tower: AIRFIELD ONE, AFFIRM
Permission to proceed on the maneuvering area may include such instructions regarding
other traffic to ensure safe operations.
Example
Tower: AIRFIELD ONE, GIVE WAY TO THE SRI LANKAN AIRBUS 340
ON YOUR RIGHT, THEN PROCEED TO TAXIWAY CHARLIE.
CAUTION, JET BLAST
9.5.3 VACATING A RUNWAY
When a driver is instructed to vacate a runway, the driver must read back the instruction.
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A runway vacated report should not be made until the vehicle, and towed aircraft (if there is
one), or associated vehicles (if there are any being escorted), are clear of the designated
runway area. This will be once the appropriate runway holding point has been passed. To
avoid misunderstanding, drivers must use the expression ‘vacated’ and not ‘clear’ or
‘cleared’.
Example
Tower: TANGO ONE, VACATE RUNWAY VIA TAXIWAY ALPHA, REPORT
VACATED
Vehicle: VACATE AT ALPHA, WILCO, TANGO ONE
Vehicle: RUNWAY VACATED, TANGO ONE
Tower: TANGO ONE
9.5.4 PERMISSION TO CROSS A RUNWAY
A driver must not under any circumstances cross or enter a runway unless a specific
instruction has been issued and acknowledged.
Example
Vehicle: TANGO ONE, AT RUNWAY CROSSING POINT ON THE WESTERN
SIDE. REQUEST PERMISSION TO CROSS RUNWAY TO
PROCEED TO TOWER
Tower: TANGO ONE, VIA RUNWAY CROSSING POINT, CROSS RUNWAY,
PROCEED TO TOWER
Vehicle: VIA RUNWAY CROSSING POINT, CROSS RUNWAY, PROCEED
TO TOWER, TANGO ONE
9.5.5 PERMISSION TO TOW AN AIRCRAFT
Controllers may not always know in advance that an aircraft is to be towed. Ground vehicles
are less maneuverable when towing an aircraft and this need to be taken into account when
issuing instructions to these vehicles. To avoid confusion and help the controller to identify
the correct aircraft to be towed, drivers should state the aircraft type, e.g. Boeing 747, and
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where appropriate, the company operating the aircraft, e.g. ‘Singapore Airlines’, as part of
the first call.
It is sometimes necessary for a tug to push an aircraft back from the parked position before
towing and, in these circumstances, drivers should request permission to push back and tow
as shown below.
Example 1
Vehicle: TOWER, TOW TUG ONE REQUEST TOW SINGAPORE AIRLINES
B747 ONTO RUNWAY VIA TAXIWAY ALPHA
Tower: TOW TUG ONE, TOW ONTO RUNWAY VIA TAXIWAY ALPHA
Vehicle: TOW ONTO RUNWAY VIA TAXIWAY ALPHA, TOW TUG ONE
Example 2
Vehicle: TUG ONE, REQUEST PUSHBACK AND TOW SINGAPORE
AIRLINES B747 ONTO RUNWAY VIA TAXIWAY BRAVO
9.5.6 MESSAGES RELATING TO THE SAFETY OF AN AIRCRAFT
Drivers on aerodromes sometimes observe things that could affect safety and need to
transmit this information to the controller. The examples given below are not exhaustive.
Drivers may need to use plain language and should be as clear and concise as possible.
Information concerning the safety of a specific aircraft should be transmitted to the controller
who will then pass it to the aircraft pilot.
Example
Vehicle: RAMP ONE, OPEN VENTILATION PANEL STARBOARD SIDE OF
BRITISH AIRWAYS BOEING 777 PASSING ON TAXIWAY CHARLIE
Tower: RAMP ONE, ROGER
If the driver has noticed something which may be significant, but is told to ‘standby’, they
should not assume that the controller has seen the same thing, but should emphasize the
urgency of their message.
Example
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Vehicle: RAMP ONE, URGENT MESSAGE
9.5.7 MESSAGES CONCERNING WILDLIFE
Wildlife such as birds and animals are a potential hazard to aircraft. One bird can destroy a
jet engine and a flock could cause an aircraft accident.
Example
Vehicle: FOX ONE, LARGE FLOCK OF BIRDS ON GRASS SOUTH OF
TAXIWAY ECHO
Tower: FOX ONE, ROGER
9.5.8 BROKEN DOWN VEHICLE
If a vehicle breaks down, the driver should inform the controller immediately, including
precise information regarding the vehicle’s location, and follow the aerodrome’s procedures
for broken down vehicles.
Example
Vehicle: AIRFIELD TWO, SOUTH OF TAXIWAY HOTEL, BROKEN DOWN
UNABLE TO MOVE, CONTACTING ENGINEERS
Tower: AIRFIELD TWO, ROGER
9.5.9 ATC INSTRUCTIONS TO HOLD SHORT OF A RUNWAY MUST BE READ

BACK
Example
Vehicle: TOWER, SAFETY ONE
Tower: SAFETY ONE, TOWER
Vehicle: SAFETY ONE, ON MAIN APRON, REQUEST PERMISSION TO
PROCEED ON RUNWAY VIA TAXIWAY ALPHA FOR RUNWAY
INSPECTION
Tower: SAFETY ONE, PROCEED TO TAXIWAY ALPHA. HOLD SHORT OF
RUNWAY
Vehicle: SAFEETY ONE, ROGER, HOLDING SHORT OF RUNWAY
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9.5.10 BROADCAST INFORMATION
When a controller wishes to broadcast information to all vehicles likely to receive it, the
message will be prefaced by phrase ‘all stations’.
No reply is expected to such general calls, unless individual vehicles are subsequently called
upon to acknowledge receipt, or the recipient needs to query the information.
Example
Tower: ALL STATIONS, MALE’ TOWER, DISTRESS TRAFFIC ON FINAL
9.6 READABILITY AND TEST TRANSMISSIONS
It is important that all RTF transmissions are readable, i.e. clear enough and loud enough to
be understood. A radio test should be done when you are unsure of your radio’s performance.
Whilst radios need to be tested, test transmissions should only be as long as is necessary for
the test and not longer than 10 seconds. Tests must not interfere with other transmissions.
To make it clear that the transmission is a test, drivers should follow the format shown below,
and include the frequency being used as part of their first transmission. The radio station will
assess the transmission and advise the driver of the readability of the transmission using the
scale:
Readability Scale Meaning
1 Unreadable
2 Readable now and then
3 Readable but with difficulty
4 Readable
5 Perfectly readable
Example 1
Vehicle: MALE’ TOWER, SAFETY ONE, RADIO CHECK
Tower: SAFETY ONE, MALE’ TOWER, READABILITY FIVE
Or
Tower: SAFETY ONE, MALE’ TOWER, COMMENCE TEST COUNT
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Vehicle: TEST COUNT ONE, TWO, THREE, TWO, ONE

Tower: READ YOU FIVE
Additional information may be added regarding any abnormality noted as shown in the
examples below.
Example 2
Tower: SAFETY ONE, MALE’ TOWER, READABILITY THREE, WITH A
LOUND BACKGROUND WHISTLE
Where the test transmission is unreadable, the radio station may not be able to identify the
caller and may respond to ‘station calling’ also as shown below:
Example 3
Tower: STATION CALLING MALE’ TOWER, READABILITY ONE
9.7 RADIO FAILURE
In the event of a radio failure, drivers should follow the established procedures. The controller
may use the following signals to communicate with vehicles. Drivers should keep a look out
for and understand these signals, which have the following meanings:
Characteristic and colour of light beam Meaning when directed from the Tower to a
or pyrotechnic vehicle
Continuous red light Stop
Red flashes Move clear of the landing area
Green flashes You may move on the maneuvering area
White flashes Return to starting point on the aerodrome
9.8 STANDARD WORDS AND PHRASES
The use of standard words and phrases helps prevent misunderstandings which can
contribute to accidents. It also reduces the need for additional transmissions and reduces
congestion on what is often a busy frequency.
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The following words and phrases used in RTF communications have the specific meanings
given below.
Word/Phrase Meaning
ACKNOWLEDGE Let me know if you have received and understood this message
AFFIRM Yes, or permission granted
APPROVED Permission for proposed action granted
BREAK Indicates the separation between messages
BREAK BREAK Indicates the separation between messages transmitted to different
call signs in a busy environment
CANCEL Cancel the previously transmitted clearance
CHANGING TO I intend to call … (unit) on … (frequency)
CHECK Examine a system or procedure (not to be used in any other
context. No answer is normally expected)
CONFIRM I request verification of (clearance, instruction, action, information)
CONTACT Establish communication with … (your details have been passed)
CORRECT True or accurate
CORRECTION An error has been made in this transmission (or message
indicated). The correct version is …
DISREGARD Ignore
EXPEDITE Carry out an action at best rate/speed.
Note: usually followed by the action to be taken.
HOLD POSITION Do not proceed until you have received permission
HOLD SHORT Stop before reaching the specified location.
Note: used in limited circumstances where no defined point exists
(e.g. where there is no suitably located holding point ) or to
reinforce a clearance limit
HOW DO YOU READ What is the readability of my transmission?
I SAY AGAIN I repeat for clarity or emphasis
MONITOR Listen out on (frequency)
NEGATIVE No, or permission not granted or that is not correct, or not capable
OUT This conversation is ended and no response is expected. (Normally
used only under poor communication conditions).
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PASS YOUR MESSAGE Proceed with your message

READ BACK Repeat all, or the specified part, of this message back to me exactly
as received
REPORT Pass requested information
REQUEST I would like to know … or I wish to obtain …
ROGER I have received all or your last transmission.
Note: Under no circumstances to be used in reply to a question
requiring a direct answer in the affirmative (AFFIRM) or negative
(NEGATIVE)
SAY AGAIN Repeat all, or the following part, or your last transmission.
(Do not use the word “repeat”).
SPEAK SLOWER (self-explanatory)
STANDBY Wait and listen. I will call you again.
THAT IS CORRECT (self-explanatory)
WHAT IS YOUR (self-explanatory)
REQUEST/MESSAGE
WILCO Understood, will comply with.
9.9 SAFETY
Runway incursion is any occurrence at an airport involving the incorrect presence of an

aircraft, vehicle or person on the controlled area of a surface designated for the landing and
take-off of aircraft.
There have been significant runway incursions that have resulted from a driver responding to
a clearance or instruction intended for another vehicle or aircraft. This is commonly the result
of the driver expecting to hear his call sign in the next communication from ATC but in fact the
communication is directed to another party with a similar sounding call sign.
Hence, drivers are advised to remain alert to the call signs of other vehicles and aircraft
operating on or near to a runway and listen carefully for their call sign in any communication
from ATC and contact ATC anytime there is a concern about a potential conflict.
Chapter 9
Page 16
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9.10 LIST OF VEHICLE CALL SIGNS
# COMPANY REG NO. VIN VEHICLE TYPE CALL SIGN

NO.
AERODROME &
1 AC1A/C4278 MV-92 TWIN CAB, TOYOTA AIRFIELD ONE
GROUND AIDS
AERODROME &
2 C1439 TR-26 TRACTOR KUBOTA AIRFIELD TWO
GROUND AIDS
AERODROME & AIRFIELD
3 AC1A/C4254 MV-91 TWIN CAB, TOYOTA
GROUND AIDS THREE
AERODROME & DOUBLE CAB/PICK- AIRFIELD
4 AC1A/C3094 MV-77
GROUND AIDS UP FOUR
AIRPORT RESCUE &
5 AC1A/C2684 MV-56 MITSUBISHI/L200 RESCUE ONE
FIRE FIGHTING
AIRPORT RESCUE & RESCUE
6 - FR-10 OSHKOSH
FIRE FIGHTING THREE
AIRPORT RESCUE &
7 - FR-11 OSHKOSH RESCUE FOUR
FIRE FIGHTING
ROSEN
AIRPORT RESCUE &
8 - FR-02 BAUER/PANTHER RESCUE FIVE
FIRE FIGHTING
6X6
AIRPORT RESCUE &
9 - FR-08 E-1/TITAN HPR RESCUE SIX
FIRE FIGHTING
ROSEN
AIRPORT RESCUE & RESCUE
10 - FR-05 BAUER/PANTHER
FIRE FIGHTING SEVEN
6X6
AIRPORT RESCUE & AMBULANCE
11 AB1A/C9100 AB-02 TOYOTA VAN
FIRE FIGHTING ONE
AIRPORT RESCUE & COMMAND
12 AC1A/C3095 MV-78 TOYOTA PICK UP
FIRE FIGHTING VEHICLE
AIRPORT RESCUE & JEEP/SUZUKI-
13 AC1A/C3977 MV-20 SAFETY ONE
FIRE FIGHTING ESCUDO
Chapter 9
Page 17
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ROAD AND MAINTENANCE

14 AC2A/C2115 LT-08 PICKUP / HYUNDAI
HARBOUR ONE
CONSTRUCTION
TOYOTA DOUBLE MAINTENANCE
15 MAINTENANCE AC1A/C4260 MV-85
CAB TWO
SECTION
TOWTUG
16
RAMP SERVICES - TT-03 TOW TUG THREE
TOWTUG
17
RAMP SERVICES - TT-04 TOW TUG FOUR
18 RAMP SERVICES - TT-05 TOW TUG TOWTUG FIVE
19 RAMP SERVICES - TT-06 TOW TUG TOWTUG SIX

TOWTUG
20
RAMP SERVICES - TT-07 TOW TUG SEVEN
END OF CHAPTER
Chapter 10
Page 1
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10 MARKINGS AND SIGNS
10.1 APRON AREA & SERVICE ROAD MARKINGS
Figure 1 Over view of Apron without Parking stands ( picture not to scale)
Chapter 10
Page 2
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Chapter 10
Page 3
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Aircraft servicing area

marked in red indicates
Apron boundary area.
vehicles can only access
Apron boundary when
authorized
Apron Boundary Line
Chapter 10
Page 4
Edition 4
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Revision Date -
Service Road edge line

marked in zippered
pattern indicates area
designated for Aircraft
crossing
Tax-lane or Taxiway
crossing towards Apron
and vise versa
Zippered Line
Red- hatched area on

Apron
Vehicle stopping and
parking on this area is
prohibited
No entry zone
Chapter 10
Page 5
Edition 4
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Taxiway Lead-In line- A

yellow line is marked to
guide aircraft to Apron
parking stands
White-hatched area-
Area to be used for GSE
waiting area
Aircraft Parking Stands
Aircraft movement
ahead mark will be on
Apron Service road.
vehicles are to stop on
this area if any aircraft is
taxiing in or out
Give way to Aircraft at all
times
Aircraft movement Ahead mark
10.2 AIRFIELD GROUND MARKINGS
Runway Markings: markings on Runway are painted in White

Taxiway Markings: markings on Taxiway are painted in Yellow
Chapter 10
Page 6
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RWY Threshold RWY Designation Touchdown Zone Aiming Point

Piano key on Numbers assigned Markings The heavy
RWY indicates according to the One-bar, Two-Bar & mark on the
the starting point RWY orientation Three- bar line indicates runway is the
of the runway the touch down area of aiming point
runway for Aircrafts
RWY RWY Edge TWY Edge line

Centerline line Continuous double line along
dashed line Continuous both edges of taxiway
TWY Centerline
along the line along
Continuous line
center of both edges
along center of TWY
RWY of RWY
RWY holding position is

marked on every
entrance to RWY
Two dashed lines on
RWY side and Two Solid
lines on Apron Side
Do NOT cross this line
until cleared by ATC
RWY Holding Position
Chapter 10
Page 7
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10.3 MOVEMENT AREA GUIDANCE SIGNAGE
MANDATORY SIGN
Indicates the Runway
orientation. White letters
on a Red background
RUNWAY DESIGNATION
INFORMATION SIGN
Indicates an exit from a
runway. located prior to
the inter-section on the
same side of the runway
as the exit
TAXIWAY DIRECTION SIGN
Chapter 10
Page 8
Edition 4
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INFORMATION SIGN
Indicated by Yellow
letters on a black
background with Yellow
Border
TAXIWAY LOCATION SIGN
This sign indicates

aircraft movement zone
vehicles shall check
before proceeding
Follow "Give way to
Aircraft" at all times
Give Way Sign
Chapter 10
Page 9
Edition 4
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Jet blast cuation

indicates area
Jet blast caution
Speed limit signs are

marked on service roads
& GSE roads
Vehicle operators shall
comply to speed limits
on Airside areas
Speed Limit Sign
Chapter 10
Page 10
Edition 4
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10.4 RESTRICTED AREA SIGNAGE
Restricted area
boundary fence of VIA
will be affixed with
caution sign for fence
clearance.
parking and storing
objects and materials
near the fence is
prohibited
Caution Sign
Restricted area Signs

are affixed on the
boundary fence of VIA.
Unauthorized access is
prohibited.
Restricted Area Sign
END OF CHAPTER
Chapter Annex A
Page 1
Edition 4
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ANNEX A AIRPORT ZONE MAP

VIA Restricted Area
Perimeter Roads within the movement area
Apron & Service Roads
Maneuvering Area/Runway Strip
END OF CHAPTER
Chapter Annex B
Page 1
Edition 4
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Revision Date -
ANNEX B FORMS FOR AFFECTING CHANGES TO THE HANDBOOK
END OF CHAPTER
Chapter Annex C
Page 1
Edition 4
Revision No. 0
Revision Date -
ANNEX C ADP- AIRSIDE DRIVER PERMIT APPLICATION FORM
END OF CHAPTER
Chapter Annex D
Page 1
Edition 4
Revision No. 0
Revision Date -
ANNEX D AVP- AIRSIDE VEHICLE PERMIT APPLICATION FORM
END OF CHAPTER
Chapter Annex E
Page 1
Edition 4
Revision No. 0
Revision Date -
ANNEX E VEHICLE REGISTRATION AT VIA
END OF AIRSIDE DRIVING HANDBOOK

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Airside Driving Handbook

0. Distribution and Control................................................................................................1

2.7 CONDITIONS OF ISSUE ......................................................................................................6

8.7 GROUND SERVICE EQUIPMENT(GSE) / VEHICLE PARKING SPACE .....................................2

0. DISTRIBUTION AND CONTROL

0.1 DOCUMENT CONTROL

0.1.1 DOCUMENT APPROVAL

0.1.2 LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

EDITION REVISION EFFECTIVE

4. Enforcement of Airside Driving & 4 0 15 DEC 2020

9. Vehicle Phraseology at VIA 8 4 0 15 DEC 2020

0.2 PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT

0.3 SCOPE OF DOCUMENT

Failure to Comply with the requirements of this Handbook is a breach of regulatory

Companies wishing to operate a vehicle on airside of VIA is responsible for obtaining an

0.5 DOCUMENT PROCEDURES AND DISTRIBUTION

0.5.1 DISTRIBUTION LIST

Quality Manager Master Copy 01 √ √

Aerodrome & Ground Aids Master Copy 02 √ √

Head of AAMS Copy 01 √ √

Head of SSC Copy 02 √ √

Head of Quality Compliance Copy 03 √ √

Head of Aerodrome Compliance Copy 04 ˣ √

Head of Safety Compliance Copy 05 ˣ √

Duty Room (Aerodrome & Ground Aids) Copy 06 ˣ √

Intranet (MACL) Copy 07 ˣ √

Website (MACL) Copy 08 ˣ √

Stakeholders of VIA Copy 10 ˣ √

0.5.2 RECORD OF REVISION

EDITION 1 New - 2006 Ramp Services

Whole Aerodrome &

0.5.3 REVISION HIGHLIGHTS

Area Changed Description of Changes

All Contents Book

0.5.4 ABBREVIATIONS AND EXPLANATIONS

ADP Airside Driver Permit

AGA Aerodrome & Ground Aids

AOCC Airport Operations Control Centre

ARFF Airport Rescue and Fire Fighting

ATCO Air Traffic Control Officer

ATS Air Traffic Service

AVP Airside Vehicle Permit

AVSECOM Aviation Security Command

AWI Airport Worthiness Inspection

CEO Chief Executive Officer

DVOR Doppler VHF Omni-directional Range

FOD Foreign Object & Debris

GSE Ground Service Equipment

ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization

ILS Instrument Landing System

LVP Land Side Vehicle Permit

MACL Maldives Airports Company Ltd.

MCAA Maldives Civil Aviation Authority

MCAR Maldives Civil Aviation Regulation

MNDF Maldives National Defense Force

MPS Maldives Police Service

MTA Maldives Transport Authority

TADP Temporary Airside Driver Permit

TVP Temporary Vehicle Permit

VHF Very High Frequency