FINAL Paper - Troy (2004)
FINAL Paper - Troy (2004)
FINAL Paper - Troy (2004)
B. Edith Hamilton’s Mythology Part Four: Heroes of the Trojan War Chapter 1 & Chapter 2
Troy is a city that is untouchable in terms of power and richness. This city is famous
because of the war told in the Iliad, one of the greatest poems, and the cause of the war was the
dispute between three goddesses.
The goddess of discord, Eris, was the only one left out and the goddess was not invited to
the banquet. She wanted revenge and to find the perfect occasion. At the marriage of King Peleus
and Thetis, she threw a golden apple that marked “For the Fairest”. All of the goddesses wanted
it but it was narrowed to three goddesses: Athena, Aphrodite, and Hera. Zeus was called to judge
who the apple belongs. He doesn’t want to meddle in this tricky situation and instructs them to
go to Mount Ida, near Troy, to look for Paris who keeps his father’s sheep. He was the perfect
judge for this ordeal said, Zeus. Paris is a prince, however, his father received an oracle that his
son would someday ruin his land, thus, he sent him away. He is currently living with a nymph
Oenone. The three goddesses appeared before him. They said not to look at their radiance but to
consider what they could offer to him. Hera offered him to be the Lord of Europe and Asia.
Athena bribed him with leading the Trojans to victory against the Greeks. Aphrodite offered him
the fairest mortal to be his. Paris wanted to have the fairest lady and gave the golden apple to
Aphrodite. It was called the Judgment of Paris which was believed the cause of the Trojan War.
Helen was the most beautiful woman in the world, she is the daughter of Zeus and Leda,
and his brothers are Castor and Pollux. Many suitors flocked to their homes and proposed
marriage to the maiden. Her father, King Tyndareus, doesn’t know how to contain this situation
and won’t pick hastily because it may cause an alliance between those who are rejected. He
made all of them say an oath to accept whoever will be Helen’s husband. The men agreed to the
oath as they could be possible Helen’s husband and it will stop anyone from taking her. In the
end, King Tyndareus picked Menelaus as Helen’s husband and make him the King of Sparta.
Aphrodite led Paris to Sparta where Helen and Menelaus are. He was welcomed by the Spartans,
when King Menelaus left for Crete, Paris abducted Helen and the king found her wife missing.
He seeks help from all Greeks and two significant figure are missing. Odysseus, King of Ithaca,
didn’t want to leave his family behind for a useless adventure and pretended to be insane to
avoid going to the war. The messenger of the Greek army went there and found him plowing the
field and planting salt instead of seeds. The messenger didn’t believe his actions and grabbed
Odysseus’s son and put him in the way of the plow. Odysseus didn’t want to kill his son, he
avoided him and prove that he is sane enough to fight. He had to join the army even if he didn’t
want to.
Achilles, son of Peleus and sea nymph Thetis, was kept back by his mother. She knew
that his son would be killed and never go home if he went to the war. She made him wear ladies’
clothes and go to the court of Lycomedes. Odysseus was sent to find him; even with his attire,
Achilles graze his hand in weapons and Odysseus knew then to convince him to fight in Troy.
Thousands of ships were to sail, they met at Aulis, where strong tides and strong Northern winds
reign. The soothsayer, Calchas, said that the Gods talked to him. Artemis was angry because one
of her beloved creatures, a hare, was killed by the Greeks. The only way to calm the winds and
waves was to sacrifice a royal maiden, Iphigenia, daughter of Agamemnon. He was hesitating
but he chose his reputation instead of his own blood. He tricked her into engaging her with
Achilles. She was killed at the altar. The Northern winds calmed and the expedition to Troy
continues. When they reached Simois, one of the rivers of Troy, Protesilaus leaped first and died.
They honored his death; Protesilaus’s wife, Laodamia, killed herself to be with his husband. The
Greek army was strong, and so is the Trojans. Their walls protected them and King Priam’s sons
are brave and skilled. Hector was held as the noblest and brave son of Priam while Achilles is the
greatest champion of Greece. His mother warned him that he will die before Troy will be
conquered. Hector and Achilles fought each other bravely to their death. Agamemnon and
Achilles were not on good terms, the reason was a woman Chryseis, daughter of Apollo’s priest.
It turned the advantage to the side of the Trojans. The father of Chryseis beg Agamemnon to
release her daughter, but the king didn’t want to. The Apollo’s priest prayed to his God and it
was heard, that burning arrows were shot at the Greeks and disease killed their people. The
Greeks talked about returning Chryseis to stop the wrath of Apollo. Agamemnon didn’t want to
return his prized possession unless someone will replace her. Chryseis returned to her family,
Agamemnon seeks for Achilles’s prize of honor, Briseis. The guards told him that they aren’t the
ones who wronged him, it was Agamemnon’s order. Achilles swore that he will make
Agamemnon pay.
Thetis went to his son and was angered by his actions. She went to Zeus and told him to
make the Trojans win the war. The Olympians were divided; Aphrodite, Ares, Artemis, Apollo,
and Hera favored the Trojans while Hera, Athena, and Poseidon favored the Greeks. Zeus had a
hard time because of his wife’s disposition. Zeus invade Agamemnon’s dream and told him to
attack now, without Achilles. The fight between Trojans and Greeks commenced while King
Priam and Helen watched them. Menelaus and Paris fought each other. The king had the upper
hand and almost killed the prince if Aphrodite didn’t help Paris escape. He called out for Paris
but the coward prince was gone. Agamemnon hailed his brother as the victor and would like
them to return Helen back. Athena persuaded a Trojan to shoot an arrow at Menelaus. The man
did so, and the Greeks were angered by this. They advanced to fight the Trojan soldiers, blood
splattered everywhere.
The Greeks had two marvelous fighters, Ajax and Diomedes. Prince Aeneas, the second-
best soldier of Troy almost died in hands of Diomedes. Her mother, Aphrodite helped her son,
however, he wounded her hand and the goddess was forced to let his son fall. Aeneas was
fortunate to live, Apollo enveloped him in a cloud and his wounds were treated by Artemis. Zeus
saw Aphrodite weeping and warn her to not meddle as she is the goddess of love, not war.
Diomedes faced Hector and saw the God of War, Ares, fighting for the Trojans. He shuddered at
the sight of him and told the Greeks to fall back. Hera wanted Ares to leave and Zeus permitted
her wife. She manipulated Diomedes to hurl the spear at Ares. He did it and Athena made the
spear pierce Ares’s body. The God of War complained to Zeus but he didn’t listen to him. The
Trojans lost Ares on their side and were forced to retreat. One of Hector’s brothers convinces
him to offer Athena a beautiful robe to have mercy. The Goddess didn’t listen to their prayer.
Hector met his wife and son, she doesn’t want to be a widow and convince him to let
other people fight for Troy instead of him. The family was in anguish, Hector held and caressed
his greatest treasures. Hector went back to the battle, while her wife stays at home. Zeus
remembered Thetis’s request and ordered all of the Olympians to go back. He took the matter
into his hands and help the Trojans. Hector showed his prowess and the Greeks without Achilles,
retreated by evening. Agamemnon wanted to go back and give up. They could have won if
Achilles was there. King of Mycenae told them to persuade Achilles no matter what. He would
give Briseis back and a splendid gift should be sent to Achilles to save their reputation and
honor. Odysseus and two chieftains went to Achilles and saw him with his dear cousin,
Patroclus. After mentioning giving him gifts, Achilles said that he can’t be bought. They will
leave Troy and advise them to do the same.
The next day, they fought again and Hera helped them. She will seduce Zeus and make
him forget about his promise to Thetis. Zeus fell into Hera’s trap. Hera helped the Greeks and the
battle turned in their favor. Troy could have been sacked that day but Zeus woke up and saw
Hector lying on the ground. He was sure that it is Hera’s doing. She denied it and told him that it
was Poseidon. The God of Sea is on the side of the Greeks. Zeus called Iris, the rainbow
messenger of gods, to tell Poseidon to withdraw from the battle. The God of the Sea obeys
Zeus’s order. The favor turned to the Trojans and the Greeks were once again near the cliff of
defeat. The Trojans set the ships on fire. Patroclus doesn’t want what he sees, he wants to borrow
Achilles’s armor and fight for Greece. Achilles couldn’t be persuaded to fight for men who
disgraced him and let Patroclus fight. Patroclus led the Myrmidons and Greeks, he fought greatly
like Achilles, and no one suspects it was him all along. The Trojans wavered but when Hector
and Patroclus face each other, Patroclus is bound to die. He even get Achilles’ armor and the
fight ended that night.
Achilles is waiting for Patroclus to return, however they informed him that he died and
his armor was taken by Hector. The son of Peleus grieved and vowed to get revenge for his
cousin’s death. Thetis begs her son to not face Hector as he will inflict death on him. He bravely
said that he will welcome death. Thetis said that he should not go unarmed and go in the
morning. He saw the injured Odysseus, Agamemnon, and other soldiers, and told them that he
will not run away and lead them. They ate before going into the battlefield. Zeus saw that Hector
is set to die. The Trojans and Greeks fought, Hector was outside the walls of Troy and Achilles
stood in his chariot with Athena. The goddess helped Achilles and Hector died in his hands. He
tied Hector’s feet behind his chariot and drove around the walls of Troy. Achilles went back to
Patroclus’s body and said that he will show no mercy to Hector even if he is dead. The immortals
were angered with the way Achilles treated the dead, he ordered Iris to persuade Priam to go to
Achilles and offer riches for his son’s body. Priam went to Achilles and talked to him, the great
soldier of Greece felt Priam’s words and let him take his son’s body and mourn for days without
the Greeks fighting back.
With the head of the Trojan’s soldiers gone, they were weakened. Prince Memnon of
Ethiopia came to help Troy with his army. The Greeks were pressed to the wall and lost valuable
soldiers. Achilles killed Memnon and drove the Trojans away. Paris brought his bow and arrow
and attacked Achilles. Through the guide of Apollo, Paris’s arrow pierced Achilles’s heel. Thetis
dipped his son in the River Styx to make him untouchable however his heel is the only part that
didn’t get wet by the water of Styx. Achilles died and his body is burned in a funeral pyre. The
armor that Thetis gave Achilles was to be given to the most honored soldier of Greece. It was
decided between Ajax and Odysseus. In the end, Odysseus won and was honored, while Ajax
was laughed at. He wanted to kill Menelaus and Agamemnon because they must have
manipulated the result. At night, Athena struck Ajax with madness. He thought of the flocks of
Greece as the army and beat them. He thought the big ram was Odysseus and slain him. He
returned to his sanity and saw his doings. He is ashamed and killed himself with his sword.
The Greeks were losing hope of winning this war. However, they got Helenus, the
prophet of Troy, and make him their prisoner. The prophet said that Troy wouldn’t fall unless the
Greeks fight with Hercules’s bow and arrows. It is in the hands of prince Philoctetes, they went
to get him however he was bitten by a serpent. They decide to leave him in Lemnos, and
Odysseus was able to convince him to give them his bow and arrows; in the end, they couldn’t
leave him behind. The physician of Greece healed Philoctetes and his strength got back. The first
Trojan he shot with his arrow is Paris. The prince of Troy begs to bring him to Oenone because
she knew a magic drug that can cure any ailment. Oenone remembered Paris leaving her for
someone and letting him die. She killed herself afterward.
The Greeks knew that the Trojans has a sacred image of Pallas Athena that protected
them. Odysseus and Diomedes planned to steal it. Diomedes climbed the wall with the help of
Odysseus and found the Palladium. He brought it to the Greeks’ camp and plan on how to
conquer Troy. The battle between them started 10 years ago but still the walls of Troy were
unbreachable. Odysseus, with his wicked mind, told a worker to build a giant wooden horse that
would fit many Greek soldiers. They would trick the Trojans into thinking that they are leaving.
The horse is an offering to Athena and they should get it inside the walls of Troy. The ones who
opposed not letting the wooden horse in their place were coiled by serpents. The horse is dragged
into the gates and left in Athena’s temple. Trojans rejoiced as the war ended and the Goddess
Athena favored them again.
In the night, Greeks from inside the horse went out and slay the sleeping guards. They
opened the gates of Troy and set the place on fire. The Trojans couldn’t the chaos happening
inside their walls. King Priam was killed by Achilles’s son. The only leader of Troy left is
Aeneas, he killed every Greek soldier he saw. He lost hope in fighting for Troy, he thought about
his home. He wasn’t able to save his wife, only his father and son were left. Aphrodite helped
her son and was the only Goddess who helped the Trojans. She helped Helen get to Menelaus
and he welcomed his wife back to Greece. The land of honor was now in ruins. Only captive
women were left without their husbands and children. Among them are Queen Hecuba and
Hector’s wife Andromache. Her son Astyanax was the only child left. He will be thrown from
the wall and the last sacrifice as the women wait for the ship that would take them. Troy has
fallen.
III. Comparative Analysis of the Classic Trojan War and Modern Trojan War
IV. Judgment
V. Literature Cited
Troy. Retrieved from: https://www1.123movies.co/movie/troy/