Havrix
Havrix
Havrix
HAVRIX
hepatitis A vaccine, inactivated
GlaxoSmithKline Inc.
7333 Mississauga Road
Mississauga, Ontario
L5N 6L4
Date of Revision:
Mar 16, 2021
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Table of Contents
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HAVRIX
DESCRIPTION
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INDICATIONS AND CLINICAL USE
Please refer to the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) and the
Canadian Immunization Guide for recommendations of use.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
General
As with other injectable vaccines, appropriate medication (e.g. adrenaline) should be
readily available for immediate use in case of anaphylaxis or anaphylactoid reactions
following administration of the vaccine. For this reason, the vaccinee should remain
under medical supervision for 30 minutes after immunization.
Syncope (fainting) can occur following, or even before, any vaccination as a psychogenic
response to the needle injection. It is important that procedures are in place to avoid
injury from faints.
Hematologic
HAVRIX (hepatitis A vaccine, inactivated) should be administered with caution to
subjects with thrombocytopenia or a bleeding disorder since bleeding may occur
following an intramuscular administration to these subjects.
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Immune
It is possible that subjects may be in the incubation period of hepatitis A infection at the
time of immunization. It is not known whether HAVRIX will prevent hepatitis A in such
cases.
Since there is a possibility that the vaccine may contain trace amounts of neomycin, the
possibility of an allergic reaction in individuals sensitive to this substance should be kept
in mind when considering the use of this vaccine (see DOSAGE FORMS,
COMPOSITION AND PACKAGING).
As with other vaccines, subjects with an impaired immune system may not obtain
adequate antibody titres after the primary immunization course. Such patients may
require administration of additional doses of HAVRIX. However, no specific dosing
recommendations can be made at this time.
Renal
As with other vaccines, hemodialysis patients may not obtain adequate antibody titres
after the primary immunization course. Such patients may require administration of
additional doses of HAVRIX. However, no specific dosing recommendations can be
made at this time.
Special Populations
Pregnant Women:
Animal reproduction studies and adequate human data on use during pregnancy are not
available. However, as with all inactivated viral vaccines, the risks to the fetus are
considered to be negligible. HAVRIX should be used during pregnancy only when
clearly needed.
Nursing Women:
Animal reproduction studies and adequate human data on use during lactation are not
available. Therefore, caution should be exercised if HAVRIX is to be administered to
breast feeding women.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
Because clinical trials are conducted under very specific conditions the adverse
reaction rates observed in the clinical trials may not reflect the rates observed in
practice and should not be compared to the rates in the clinical trials of another
drug. Adverse drug reaction information from clinical trials is useful for
identifying drug-related adverse events and for approximating rates.
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The safety profile presented below is based on data from more than 5,300 subjects.
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DRUG INTERACTIONS
Overview
Since HAVRIX is an inactivated vaccine, its concomitant use with other inactivated
vaccines is unlikely to result in interference with immune responses. When concomitant
administration of other vaccines is considered necessary, the vaccines must be given with
different syringes and at different injection sites.
HAVRIX can be given concomitantly with any of the following vaccines: typhoid, yellow
fever, cholera (injectable), tetanus, or with monovalent and combination vaccines
comprised of measles, mumps, rubella and varicella. See also Clinical Trials section.
Drug-Drug Interactions
The concomitant administration of HAVRIX (hepatitis A vaccine, inactivated) and
immune globulin (human) does not influence the seroconversion rate, but may result in a
relatively lower anti-HAV antibody titre than when the vaccine is given alone. HAVRIX
and immune globulin (human) should be administered at separate injection sites.
Drug-Food Interactions
Interactions with food have not been established.
Drug-Herb Interactions
Interactions with herbal products have not been established.
Drug-Laboratory Interactions
Interactions with laboratory tests have not been established.
Primary Immunization
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Children and adolescents from 1 year up to and including 18 years of age
A single dose of HAVRIX 720 Junior (0.5 mL suspension) is used for primary
immunization.
Booster Dose
A booster dose is recommended at any time between 6 and 12 months after a single dose
of HAVRIX 1440 or HAVRIX 720 Junior in order to ensure long-term protection.
Administration
HAVRIX should be injected intramuscularly in the deltoid region in adults and
children, in the antero-lateral part of the thigh in young children up to 2 years of age. The
vaccine should not be administered intramuscularly in the gluteal region or
subcutaneously/intradermally since administration by these routes may result in a less
than optimal anti-HAV antibody response.
As with all parenterals, vaccine products should be inspected visually for any foreign
particulate matter and/or discolouration prior to administration. Before use of HAVRIX,
the syringe should be well shaken to obtain a slightly opaque, white suspension. Discard
the vaccine if the contents of the syringe appear otherwise.
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Syringe Instructions
Syringe
Syringe plunger
Syringe barrel
Syringe cap
Needle protector
3. Remove the needle protector, which
on occasion can be a little stiff.
Note: The syringe provided with HAVRIX might be slightly different (without screw
thread) than the syringe in the above drawing. In that case, the needle should be attached
following the below instructions.
Do not remove the white back-stop from the syringe. Prior to administration, ensure
that the plunger rod is firmly attached to the rubber stopper by turning the plunger
clockwise until slight resistance is felt. Do not over tighten. Remove syringe LUER
Tip-cap and needle cap. Attach needle by pressing and twisting in a clockwise rotation
until secured to the syringe.
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HAVRIX should never be administered intravenously.
OVERDOSAGE
For management of a suspected drug overdose, contact your regional Poison Control
Centre.
Mechanism of Action
HAVRIX (hepatitis A vaccine, inactivated) confers immunity against hepatitis A virus
(HAV) infection by inducing the production of specific anti-HAV antibodies.
Immune response
In clinical studies involving subjects of 18 – 50 years of age, specific humoral antibodies
against HAV were detected in more than 88% of vaccinees at day 15 and 99% at month 1
following administration of a single dose of HAVRIX 1440 (hepatitis A vaccine,
inactivated).
The mean titre of anti-HAV antibodies induced by HAVRIX is at least 3 times higher
than the maximum observed after passive immunization using immune globulin (human).
In a randomly selected subset of subjects, vaccine induced anti-HAV antibodies were
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shown to be qualitatively indistinguishable from immune globulin (human) anti-HAV
antibodies.
To obtain long-term immunity a booster dose is recommended at any time between 6 and
12 months after primary vaccination with HAVRIX 1440 Adult or HAVRIX 720 Junior,
to induce long-term antibody titres.
Primates exposed to the virulent heterologous hepatitis A strain were vaccinated 2 days
after exposure. This post exposure vaccination resulted in total protection of the animals.
Immunization with HAVRIX is particularly recommended in subjects who are, or will be,
at increased risk of infection such as: travellers (i.e., to areas where the prevalence of
hepatitis A is high), persons for whom hepatitis A is an occupational hazard (i.e.,
employees in day-care centres, nursing, medical and paramedical personnel in hospitals
and institutions, especially gastroenterology and pediatric units, sewage workers, and
food handlers), persons for whom there is an increased risk of transmission of Hepatitis A
(i.e., homosexuals, persons with multiple sexual partners, abusers of injectable drugs,
hemophiliac patients), specific population groups known to have higher incidence of
Hepatitis A (i.e., North American Indians, Inuits, recognized community-wide HAV
epidemics).
The vaccine should not be used beyond the expiry date stamped on the syringe.
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Store HAVRIX (hepatitis A vaccine, inactivated) in the original package in order to
protect from light. The vaccine must be stored at 2 to 8°C.
Stability data indicate that HAVRIX is stable at temperatures up to 25°C for 3 days.
These data are intended to guide healthcare professionals in case of temporary
temperature excursion only.
Dosage Forms
HAVRIX (hepatitis A vaccine, inactivated) is available as HAVRIX 1440 (1440 ELISA
Units/mL) and HAVRIX 720 Junior (720 ELISA Units/0.5 mL) suspension for injection.
Composition
HAVRIX is a sterile suspension containing formaldehyde-inactivated hepatitis A virus
(HM175 hepatitis A virus strain) adsorbed onto aluminium hydroxide.
The virus is propagated in MRC5 human diploid cells. Before viral extraction, the cells
are extensively washed to remove culture medium constituents. A virus suspension is
then obtained by lysis of the cells followed by purification using ultrafiltration techniques
and gel chromatography. Inactivation of the virus is assured by treatment with formalin.
The viral antigen content of HAVRIX is determined by an ELISA test. Each dose is
standardized to ensure a viral antigen content of not less than:
The virus is adsorbed on aluminium (0.5 mg/1 mL adult dose, 0.25 mg/0.5 mL pediatric
dose) in the form of aluminium hydroxide. Excipients: aluminium (as aluminium
hydroxide), amino acids for injection, disodium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate,
polysorbate 20, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, water for injection. Residue from
the manufacturing process: neomycin sulphate (less than 10 ng for HAVRIX 720 Junior;
less than 20 ng for HAVRIX 1440).
HAVRIX meets the World Health Organization requirement for biological substances
including those for final vaccine residual bovine serum albumin.
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Packaging
HAVRIX 1440:
Single Dose 1 mL Prefilled Syringes: In packages of 1 prefilled syringe.
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PART II: SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION
PHARMACEUTICAL INFORMATION
Drug Substance
Product Characteristics
HAVRIX (hepatitis A vaccine, inactivated) is a sterile suspension containing
formaldehyde-inactivated hepatitis A virus (HM175 hepatitis A virus strain) adsorbed
onto aluminium hydroxide.
CLINICAL TRIALS
Clinical studies have been conducted in Asia, Europe, Latin America, USA and Canada
to evaluate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of HAVRIX.
Study No. Trial design Dosage and route of administration No. of subjects Patient Immunogenicity Results1
Demographics
SC Rate GMT
(%) (mIU/ml)
HAV-104 Double- Intramuscular injection (into deltoid Enrolled: 150 Healthy adults 97.62 5772
blind, region) aged 18 to 50
randomized, years
1440 EL.U/1 mL dose
multi-
country, 0, 6 month dosing schedule
multi-centre
HAV-107 Double- Intramuscular injection (into deltoid Enrolled: 150 Healthy adults 99.32 4902
blind, region) aged 18 to 40
randomized, years
1440 EL.U/1 mL dose
multi-
country, 0, 6 month dosing schedule
multi-centre
HAV-112 Double- Intramuscular injection (into deltoid Enrolled: 194 Healthy adults 99.43 3873
blind, region) aged 21 to 40
randomized, years
1440 EL.U/1 mL dose
multi-
country, 0, 12 month dosing schedule
multi-centre
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Study No. Trial design Dosage and route of administration No. of subjects Patient Immunogenicity Results1
Demographics
SC Rate GMT
(%) (mIU/ml)
HAV-115 Open Intramuscular injection (into deltoid Enrolled: 202 Healthy Group 1: Group 1:
randomized, region) adolescents 99.0 249
multi- aged 12 to 19 Group 2: Group 2:
Group 1: 720 EL.U/0.5 mL dose years 100 349
country,
multi-centre Group 2: 1440 EL.U/1 mL dose
HAV-117B Open study, Intramuscular injection (into deltoid Enrolled: 60 Healthy 100 305
multi- region) children aged 2
country, to 13 years
720 EL.U/0.5 mL dose
multi-centre
0, 6 month dosing schedule
HAV-118 Open Intramuscular injection (into deltoid Enrolled: 54 Healthy 95.5 184
prospective region, and sometimes the thigh children aged 2
study, multi- muscle) to 11 years
country,
720 EL.U/0.5 mL dose
multi-centre
0, 12 month dosing schedule
HAV-122 Open Intramuscular injection (into deltoid Enrolled: 81 Healthy 96.8 194
randomized region) children aged 2
study, multi- to 15 years
720 EL.U/0.5 mL dose
country,
multi-centre 0, 6 month dosing schedule
HAV-129 Open study, Intramuscular injection (into deltoid Enrolled: 120 Healthy 100 256
multi- region) adolescents
country, aged 9 to 18
720 EL.U/0.5 mL dose years
multi-centre
0, 6 month dosing schedule
Alaskan Independent Children/teenagers received dose Enrolled: 4,930 Mean age 924 Children /
Outbreak study, multi- level of 720 EL.U/0.5 mL (±standard teenagers:
Control country, deviation): 2695
Adults received dose level of 16.47 ± 14.9
Programme multi-centre
1440 EL.U/1 mL years
Adults:
Male: 51% 2546
Female: 49%
Toddlers 15 months of age Enrolled: 1474 Mean age Group 1: Group 1:
HAV-231 Open
randomized (±standard 99 1390
Group 1: HAVRIX 720 EL.U/0.5 mL
study, USA, deviation): 15 Group 2: Group 2:
dose
multi-centre 0, 6 month dosing schedule months ± 0.21 99.7 1895
months Group 3: Group 3:
Group 2: HAVRIX 720 EL.U/0.5 mL 100 1770
+ MMR + varicella vaccines Male: 53%.
0, 6-9 month dosing schedule Female: 47% (SC rates (GMCs
post-dose post-dose
Group 3: MMR + varicella vaccines + 2)7 2)8
HAVRIX 720 EL.U/0.5 mL
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Study No. Trial design Dosage and route of administration No. of subjects Patient Immunogenicity Results1
Demographics
SC Rate GMT
(%) (mIU/ml)
0, day 42 (1st dose HAVRIX 720
EL.U/0.5 mL), month 7.5-10.5 (2nd
dose HAVRIX 720 EL.U/0.5 mL)
1. Results at 1 month after initial dose
2. Average of 3 lots
3. Average of 2 lots
4. Results at 3-4 weeks after initial dose
5. Average for 3 different age groups (1-2 years, 3-9 years and 10-19 years)
6. 20-40 years age group
7. Seroconversion rates for anti-HAV antibodies
8. GMCs for anti-HAV antibodies
Efficacy
Clinical studies performed in Europe (HAV 104, 107, 112) evaluated immune response in
adults to primary vaccination with HAVRIX 1440. Antibodies were measured at
screening, day 15, and at month 1 and 6.
Clinical studies performed in Asia, Europe, Latin America, and Alaska (HAV 115, 117B,
118, 122, 129 and Alaskan outbreak program) evaluated immune response in subjects
between 2 and 18 years receiving 720 EL.U.
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Safety
For safety information please refer to the Adverse Reactions Section, Part I.
DETAILED PHARMACOLOGY
Not applicable.
MICROBIOLOGY
Not applicable.
TOXICOLOGY
Not applicable.
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REFERENCES
4. Cossar JH, Reid D, Fallon RJ, Bell EJ, Riding MH, Follett EA et al. A cumulative
review of studies on travellers, their experience of illness and the implications of
these findings. J Infect. 1990;21(1):27-42.
11. Hadler SC, Erben JJ, Francis DP, Webster HM, Maynard JE. Risk factors for hepatitis
A in day-care centers. J Infect Dis. 1982;145(2):255-261.
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13. Harkess J, Gildon B, Istre GR. Outbreaks of hepatitis A among illicit drug users,
Oklahoma, 1984-87. Am J Public Health. 1989;79(4):463-466.
14. Hepatitis A among drug abusers. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.
1988;37(19):297-300, 305.
15. Hesla PE. Hepatitis A in Norwegian troops. Vaccine. 1992;10 Suppl 1:S80-S81.
17. Hoke CH, Jr., Binn LN, Egan JE, DeFraites RF, MacArthy PO, Innis BL et al.
Hepatitis A in the US Army: epidemiology and vaccine development. Vaccine.
1992;10 Suppl 1:S75-S79.
18. Holter E, Siebke JC. Hepatitis A in young Norwegian drug addicts and prison
inmates. Infection. 1988;16(2):91-94.
19. Keeffe EB. Is hepatitis A more severe in patients with chronic hepatitis B and other
chronic liver diseases? Am J Gastroenterol. 1995;90(2):201-205.
22. Mannucci PM. Outbreak of hepatitis A among Italian patients with haemophilia.
Lancet. 1992;339(8796):819.
24. McFarlane ES, Embil JA, Manuel FR, Thiebaux HJ. Antibodies to hepatitis A antigen
in relation to the number of lifetime sexual partners in patients attending an STD
clinic. Br J Vener Dis. 1981;57(1):58-61.
25. NACI, 2016. National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) Update on the
Recommended use of Hepatitis A Vaccine. 2016. Published by the Public Health
Agency of Canada. Accessed March 29, 2017. https://www.canada.ca/en/public-
health/services/publications/healthy-living/update-recommended-use-hepatitis-
vaccine.html.
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26. Rothschild C, Pol S, Mattlinger B, Reijasse D, Torchet MF, Gazengel C. Vaccination
against Hepatitis A Virus in French Hemophilic Children. Vox Sanguinis.
1995;69(1):80-81.
27. Rubertone MV, DeFraites RF, Krauss MR, Brandt CA. An outbreak of hepatitis A
during a military field training exercise. Mil Med. 1993;158(1):37-41.
28. Sjogren MH, Tanno H, Fay O, Sileoni S, Cohen BD, Burke DS et al. Hepatitis A
virus in stool during clinical relapse. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106(2):221-226.
30. Steffen R. Hepatitis A and hepatitis B: risks compared with other vaccine preventable
diseases and immunization recommendations. Vaccine. 1993;11(5):518-520.
33. Van Damme P, Mathei C, Thoelen S, Meheus A, Safary A, Andre FE. Single dose
inactivated hepatitis A vaccine: rationale and clinical assessment of the safety and
immunogenicity. J Med Virol. 1994;44(4):435-441.
35. Van Damne P, Thoelen S, Van der Auwera JC Baré, Meheus A. Viral hepatitis
among health care workers - epidemiology and prevention. In 1993;(International
Congress on Occupational Health):133-137.
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39. WHO. Prevention of foodborne hepatitis A – Considerations on the vaccination of
food handlers. WHO Tech Rep Ser. 1993;68:25-26.
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IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ
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IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ
Missed Dose:
REPORTING SUSPECTED SIDE EFFECTS
If you or your child misses a scheduled injection, talk to your
doctor to arrange another visit.
To monitor vaccine safety, the Public Health Agency of
Canada collects case reports on adverse events following
SIDE EFFECTS AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT THEM
immunization.
Like all vaccines, HAVRIX can have side effects.
For health care professionals:
If a patient experiences an adverse event following
Side effects that may occur are the following:
immunization, please complete the appropriate Adverse
Events following Immunization (AEFI) Form and send it to
Very common (more than 10% of doses):
your local Health Unit in your province/territory.
• Irritability.
• Headache. For the General Public:
• Pain and redness at the injection site, fatigue. Should you experience an adverse event following
immunization, please ask your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist to
Common (between 1% and 10% of doses): complete the Adverse Events following Immunization (AEFI)
• Loss of appetite. Form.
• Drowsiness.
• Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting. If you have any questions or have difficulties contacting your
• Swelling or hard lump at the injection site. local health unit, please contact Vaccine Safety Section at
• Generally feeling unwell, fever. Public Health Agency of Canada:
This is not a complete list of side effects. For any unexpected NOTE: Should you require information related to the
effects while taking HAVRIX, contact your doctor or management of the side effect, please contact your health
pharmacist. care provider before notifying the Public Health Agency of
Canada. The Public Health Agency of Canada does not
provide medical advice.
HOW TO STORE IT
Do not use after expiration date shown on the label. The date
for last use corresponds to the last day of the month
mentioned.
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IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ
MORE INFORMATION
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