MUESCO-STM 214 - Practice Exercise - Work, Power, and Energy

Jenesis Muesco
STM 214
Practice Exercises: Work, Power and Energy
1. Evaluate the scalar product of the following:
• 𝑖̂ ∙ (𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ )
𝑎 = 𝑖̂ 𝑏 = 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂
𝑎 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑖̂ 𝑏 = 𝑏𝑦 𝑗̂ + 𝑏𝑧 𝑘̂
𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑧
= (1)(0) + (0)(1) + (0)(1)
=0+0+0
=0
• (𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂) ∙ (3𝑖̂ + 2𝑘̂ )
𝑎 = 𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ 𝑏 = 3𝑖̂ + 2𝑘̂

𝑎 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑖̂ − 𝑎𝑦 𝑗̂ 𝑏 = 𝑏𝑥 𝑖̂ + 𝑏𝑧 𝑘̂
= (1)(3) + (−2)(0) + (0)(2)
=3−0+0
=3
• (𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂ ) ∙ (2𝑖̂ + 3𝑘̂ + 4𝑗̂)
𝑎 = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂ 𝑏 = 2𝑖̂ + 3𝑘̂ + 4𝑗̂
𝑎 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑖̂ + 𝑎𝑦 𝑗̂ − 𝑎𝑧 2𝑘̂ 𝑏 = 𝑏𝑥 𝑖̂ + 𝑏𝑦 𝑘̂ + 𝑏𝑧 𝑗̂
= (1)(2) + (1)(3) + (−2)(4)

= (2) + (3) + (−8)
=2+3−8
= −3
2. You’re pushing an out-of-gas car down the road, applying a force of 800.0 N. How
much work have you done in moving the car 10.0 m?
GIVEN:
𝐹 = 800.0 𝑁
𝑑 = 10.0 𝑚
REQUIRED:
𝑊 − 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘
EQUATION:
𝑊 = 𝐹𝑑
SOLUTION:
𝑊 = 𝐹𝑑
𝑊 = (800.0 𝑁)(10.0 𝑚)
𝑊 = 8000.00 𝑁 ∙ 𝑚
ANSWER:
𝑾 = 𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎. 𝟎𝟎 𝑱
3. A man pushed a sofa with a force of F = 20 N to the right and it was displaced by
2 m to the east. Compute for his work done.
GIVEN:
𝐹 = 20 𝑁
𝑑 = 2𝑚
REQUIRED:
𝑊 − 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘
EQUATION:
𝑊 = 𝐹𝑑
SOLUTION:
𝑊 = 𝐹𝑑
𝑊 = (20 𝑁)(2 𝑚)
𝑊 = 40 𝑁 ∙ 𝑚
ANSWER:
𝑾 = 𝟒𝟎 𝑱
4. A 50 kg boy wanted to get a coconut from the tree. He can do this in two ways: (a)
he can climb the tree or (b) use a ladder of length L = 12.0 m and inclined 30 with
the horizontal. The height of tree is 6.0 m. Find the work done by the gravitational
force on the boy in each case.
GIVEN:
𝑚 = 50 𝑘𝑔
𝑔𝐸 = 9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2
𝑙𝐿 = 12.0 𝑚 (length of the ladder)
𝜃 = 30°
ℎ𝑇 = 6 𝑚 (height of the tree)
REQUIRED:
𝑊𝑎 = 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝒂
𝑊𝑏 = 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝒃
EQUATION:
𝑊𝑎 = −(𝑚 ∙ 𝑎)(ℎ𝑇 )
𝑊𝑏 = −(𝑚 ∙ 𝑎)(𝑙𝐿 ) sin 𝜃
SOLUTION:
𝑊𝑎 = −(𝑚 ∙ 𝑎)(ℎ𝑇 )
𝑊𝑎 = −(50 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2 )(6 𝑚)
𝑊𝑎 = −(490 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚/𝑠 2 )(6 𝑚)
𝑊𝑎 = −2940 𝑁 ∙ 𝑚
𝑊𝑏 = −(𝑚 ∙ 𝑎)(𝑙𝐿 ) sin 𝜃
𝑊𝑏 = −(50 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2 ) − (12.0 𝑚) sin 30 °
𝑊𝑏 = −(490 𝑁)(12.0 𝑚) sin 30 °
𝑊𝑏 = −2940 𝑁 ∙ 𝑚
ANSWER:
(a) 𝑾𝒂 = −𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟎 𝑱
(b) 𝑾𝒃 = −𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟎 𝑱
5. A 35.0 kg child climbs a 6.00 m long slide that is inclined 30 with the horizontal.
What is the gravitational potential energy of the child respect to the ground when
it reaches the top of the slide?
GIVEN:
𝑚 = 35.0 𝑘𝑔
ℎ = (6.0 𝑚) sin 30°
𝑔 = 9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2
REQUIRED:
𝑃𝐸𝐺 − 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦
EQUATION:
𝑃𝐸𝐺 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ
SOLUTION:
𝑃𝐸𝐺 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ
𝑃𝐸𝐺 = (35.0 𝑘𝑔)(9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2 )( (6.0 𝑚) sin 30°)
𝑃𝐸𝐺 = (343.0 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚/𝑠 2 )( 3.0 𝑚)
𝑃𝐸𝐺 = 1029 𝑁 ∙ 𝑚
ANSWER:
𝑷𝑬𝑮 = 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟗 𝑱
6. A wagon in a roller coaster starts at maximum height of 45 m. If the mass of the
passenger-filled wagon is 1000 kg, what is the total mechanical energy at any
point on the path of the roller coaster.
GIVEN:
𝑚 = 1000 𝑘𝑔
ℎ = 45 𝑚
𝑔 = 9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2
REQUIRED:
𝑀𝐸 − 𝑚𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦
EQUATION:
𝑀𝐸 = 𝐾𝐸 + 𝑃𝐸
SOLUTION:
𝑀𝐸 = 𝐾𝐸 + 𝑃𝐸
𝑀𝐸 = 𝐾𝐸 + 𝑚𝑔ℎ
𝑀𝐸 = 0 + (1000 𝑘𝑔)(9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2 )(45 𝑚)
𝑀𝐸 = 0 + (9800 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚/𝑠 2 )(45 𝑚)
𝑀𝐸 = 0 + 441000 𝑁 ∙ 𝑚
𝑀𝐸 = 441000 𝐽
ANSWER:
𝑴𝑬 = 𝟒𝟒𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑱

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Jenesis Muesco

1. Evaluate the scalar product of the following:

• (𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂) ∙ (3𝑖̂ + 2𝑘̂ )

𝑎 = 𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ 𝑏 = 3𝑖̂ + 2𝑘̂

• (𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂ ) ∙ (2𝑖̂ + 3𝑘̂ + 4𝑗̂)

𝑎 = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂ 𝑏 = 2𝑖̂ + 3𝑘̂ + 4𝑗̂

= (1)(2) + (1)(3) + (−2)(4)

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