EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN UNIVERSTY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING LABORATORY HANDOUT

COURSE STRENGTH OF MATERIALS MENG 222

Semester: Summer 21-22

Lab. No: 2

Name of Experiment: Deflection of Beams

Instructor: Senior Instructor Mohammad Hosein Masouminia

Lab Assistant: Mert İnanlı

Submitted by: REWAA

KIFAH ALASHQAR

Student No:19700203

Group No.: 6

Lab date: 2nd September 2022

Submission Deadline: 9th September 2022

EVALUATION:
Report Presentation 10%
Introduction & Procedure 20%
Results & Calculation 40%
Discussion & Conclusion 30%
Overall Grade

Name and signature (of evaluator):…………………………………………

 ABSTRACT
In this experiment, we'll discuss regarding deflection; the device aids in its

calculation; we'll also compute error and slope at the end of the experiment

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………..……………… i

LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………..……………………. iii

LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………………..……… iii

LIST OF GRAPHS ………………………………………………………………….. iii

INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………..…..….……….1 .1

OBJECTIVE………………………………………………..……….…….…..1 .1.1

THEORITICAL BACKGROND ………………………………………………………... .1.2

……….1

THEORY……………………………………………………………………...….…1 .2

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE…………………………………………….……2 .3

ERRORS……......2 .3.1

RESULTS AND CALCULA……………………………….………………...……..4 .4

DATA ANALYSIS…………………………………………………...……...4 .4.1

GRAPHS…………………………………………………………………..……..…6 .5

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION………………………………..………..……7 .6

ii

List of Tables

Table 1: Beam Deflections and slopes …………………………………………..…………1

Table 2: Experimental data ……………………………………………………..………..3

Table 3: Calculated data………………………………………………………....……….4

List of Figures

Graph 1: Theoretical loads vs experimental deflections……………………………...….6

Graph 2: Theoretical and Experimental deflections against loads

……………………………………...…6

INTRODUCTION

The length, cross section, method of support (one or two supports), and material of

the beam all affect the degree of deflection, so the amount of deflection in the

beam made of ammonium is not the same as that of steel. The purpose of the

experiment is to determine the amount of bending or deflection. The beams are

fixed to the supports, and after we place weights on a point and measure the length

(L, A, and B), we can calculate the angle at points A and B using the equation

provided. It is important to know the deflection before beginning the

manufacturing process because bending occurs more frequently due to loading in

shafts, axes, cranks, levers, etc. Deflection helps to know the limit weight that can

be on the beam and there are tables for that (9.5 a) (9.5b), which are used to know

if you are in the safe stage or not.

1. Objective

The objective of this laboratory experiment is to determine the deflection in a beam

experimentally, and compare it with the calculated results.

2. Theoretical Background

Bending occurs more often due to loading in shafts, axes, cranks, levers, etc. this must be treated

in the design and analysis of beams. This is treated by obtaining the maximum deflection as the

beam is subjected to a pure bending within the elastic range. Published equations shown in Table

1 of deflection in different types of beams under different loadings are utilized in such analysis;
Table 1: Beam Deflections and Slopes

3. Experimental Procedure

1. Measure the length of the beam.

2. Fix the beam according to type (simply supported, cantilever).

3. Adjust the position of the load hanger at required experimenting distances.

4. Zero the dial gauge.

5. Measure the distance from the load hanger to the support(s).

6. Apply the loads and measure the respective deflection indicated by the dial gauge.

4. Calculations

1. Experimental deflection is obtained for each case;

 Loading Unloading

P (load, N) Y (deflection, mm) P (load, N) Y (deflection, mm)

0 0 800g 8.75

200g 1.83 600g 6.64

400g 3.93 400g 4.16

600g 6.24 200g 2.18

800g 8.33 0 0.06

1000g 10.46

2. Theoretical deflection is obtained for each case;

Loading

P (load, N) Y (deflection, mm)

0 0

1.96 3.29

3.92 6.59

5.88 9.89

7.84 13.19

9.8 16.4
 E=low carbon steel =220000MPa

I=56.25mm

Unloading

Y (deflection,
P (load, N)
mm)

9.8 16.49

7.84 13.19

5.88 9.89

3.92 6.59

1.96 3.29

0 0

3. Plot the Theoretical and Experimental deflections against loads;

. PROOF THAT y|max = PL^3/48EI:
 | y theoretical− y experimental|
4. Error Analysis for each case, where error percentage= × 100;
y theoretical

Error Percentage
 Loading Unloading

0% 46.9%

44.3% 49.6%

40.3% 57.9%

36.9% 66.9%

36.8% 98.1%

36.2% 0%

DISCUSSION

We were able to determine the value of I using the data and equations after receiving

crucial information from the experiment, including the deflection and beam length values.

Finally, we can calculate the error by y theoretical mines y experiment over y theoretical

mutably 100, the figures Indicate the amount of deviation. Next, we entered the value of I

in the equation of y theoretical and we were able to find y theoretical. Human mistake or

incorrect tool calibration could be to blame for the disparity in the values.

Conclusion
when the deflection calculation has been completed. Even though the cantilever beam and

simply supported beam both received the same amount of force, it was found that the

cantilever beam's deflection was noticeably higher. Due to the shorter distance, it is what

caused it. as compared to a cantilever beam, the distance between the support and the

applied force.

GUIDELINES FOR LAB REPORT

Abstract

Summary of what was done in the experiment and your brief results

Introduction & Procedure

Please explain the procedure in a concise way

Theory

Any equations you have used with references

Results and Calculations

Please show all the date you have obtained and your calculations

Discussion and Conclusion

In your own words

1. State and comment upon the values obtained from the test.
2. Discuss the errors involved in the experiment.
Submission deadline is 9th September 17:00 pm from LMS Moodle only. Any other method

of submissions will not be accepted.