Lec 4. Solid Solution - Phase Diagrams
Lec 4. Solid Solution - Phase Diagrams
Lec 4. Solid Solution - Phase Diagrams
VIỆN CÔNG NGHỆ NANO - ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA TP. HCM
Institute for Nanotechnology (INT)
Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNUHCM)
Temperature, oC
composition are variable parameters, and - Horizontal axis: composition
pressure is held constant - normally 1 atm.
• There are several different varieties; we will
concern ourselves with binary alloys -
those that contain two components.
• If more than two components are present,
phase diagrams become extremely
complicated and difficult to represent.
Composition, %B
• Binary phase diagrams are maps that represent the relationships between temperature
and the compositions and quantities of phases at equilibrium (see the Figure), which
influence the microstructure of an alloy.
• Many microstructures develop from phase transformations, the changes that occur when
the temperature is altered (ordinarily upon cooling).
• Binary phase diagrams are helpful in predicting phase transformations and the resulting
microstructures, which may have equilibrium or nonequilibrium character.
Dr.Habil. Ñaëng Maäu Chieán
Viện Công nghệ Nano (INT) - ĐHQG TP. HCM - 37 2468 23/32 - Ext. 101/102 - www.hcmint.edu.vn
19
C h a p t e r 3: Solid solution &
Phase diagrams
INFINITE SOLUBLE SOLID SOLUTION
A good example of this kind is the For easier understanding (for Vietnamese students)
lead-antimony system (Pb-Sb). some contents in this slide is presented in Vietnamese.
Temperature, oC
khác ở chỗ không có hai dung dịch rắn
hữu hạn ở 2 đầu mút của giản đồ.
• Ở đây các pha rắn (mà trong trường
hợp trước đây được ký hiệu là α, β) là
các cấu tử nguyên chất Pb, Sb -
KHÔNG biến đổi thành phần khi thay
đổi nhiệt độ.
• Khi nung nóng đến nhiệt độ cao
(600oC) hệ là dung dịch lỏng, nhưng
khi làm nguội xuống nhiệt độ thấp
(200-100oC) hệ gồm 2 cấu tử rắn (nằm Lead-antimony (Pb-Sb) phase diagram.
cạnh nhau, xem dấu mũi tên màu đỏ).
Dr.Habil. Ñaëng Maäu Chieán
Viện Công nghệ Nano (INT) - ĐHQG TP. HCM - 37 2468 23/32 - Ext. 101/102 - www.hcmint.edu.vn
26
C h a p t e r 3: Solid solution &
Phase diagrams
3.4.THE IRON–IRON CARBIDE (Fe-Fe3C) PHASE DIAGRAM
• Of all binary alloy systems, the one that is possibly the most important is that for iron and
carbon. Both steels and cast irons, primary structural materials in every technologically
advanced culture, are essentially iron-carbon alloys.
• Pure iron, upon heating,
experiences two changes in Giản đồ pha Fe-C chỉ trình bày đến
crystal structure before it melts. thành phần của “Cementite” (Fe3C)
với 6,67 %C nên còn gọi là Giản đồ
At room temperature the stable pha Fe-Fe3C (Iron-Iron Carbide).
form, called ferrite, or -iron, has
a BCC crystal structure.
• Ferrite experiences a
polymorphic transformation to
FCC austenite, or γ-iron, at
912oC. This austenite persists to
1394oC, at which temperature the
FCC austenite reverts back to a
BCC phase known as δ-ferrite,
which finally melts at 1538oC.
• The composition axis extends only to 6.70 wt% C;
at this concentration the intermediate compound Iron-Iron Carbide phase diagram
iron carbide, or cementite (Fe3C), is formed. Dr.Habil. Ñaëng Maäu Chieán
Viện Công nghệ Nano (INT) - ĐHQG TP. HCM - 37 2468 23/32 - Ext. 101/102 - www.hcmint.edu.vn
27
C h a p t e r 3: Solid solution &
Phase diagrams
For easier understanding (for Vietnamese students)
some contents in this slide is presented in Vietnamese.