k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg P]g, @)&$

k|df0fLs/0f tyf k|sfzg ldlt

k|:tfjgf M k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:osf] lgjf{rg ug]{ ;DaGwdf cfjZos Joj:yf ug{
jf~5gLo ePsf]n],
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @(^ sf] pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] Joj:yflksf–;+;bn]
of] P]g agfPsf] 5 .

kl/R5]b – !
k|f/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd æk|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg
P]g, @)&$Æ /x]sf] 5 .
-@_ of] P]g t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf,–
-s_ æcbfntÆ eGgfn] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !#& sf] pkwf/f -!_
adf]lhdsf] ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] ;+j}wflgs Ohnf; ;Demg'
k5{ .
-v_ æcfof]uÆ eGgfn] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$% adf]lhdsf] lgjf{rg
cfof]u ;Demg' k5{ .
-u_ æpDd]bjf/Æ eGgfn] bkmf !* adf]lhd k|ltlglw ;efsf]
;b:odf pDd]bjf/ x'g dgf]gog ul/Psf] JolQm ;Demg' k5{ /
;f] zAbn] bkmf @* adf]lhd pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rLdf gfd
;dfj]z ePsf] JolQmnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
-3_ æpDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rLÆ eGgfn] ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL
cGtu{t x'g] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/L lbg] k|of]hgsf nflu bnn]

1
 bkmf @* adf]lhd cfof]u ;dIf k]z u/]sf] aGb;"rL ;Demg'
k5{ .
-ª_ ætf]lsPsf]Æ jf ætf]lsP adf]lhdÆ eGGffn] o; P]g cGtu{t
ag]sf] lgoddf jf cfof]un] bkmf &^ adf]lhd hf/L u/]sf]
cfb]zdf tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsP adf]lhd ;Demg' k5{ .
-r_ æbnÆ eGgfn] lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu cfof]udf btf{ ePsf]
/fhgLlts bn ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] Psn r'gfj lrXg
lnO{ ;+o'Qm ?kdf lgjf{rgdf ;xefuL x'g] bnx?sf] ;d"xnfO{
;d]t hgfpF5 .
-5_ ælgjf{rgÆ eGgfn] o; P]g adf]lhd x'g] k|ltlglw ;efsf
;b:osf] lgjf{rg ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] klxnf] x'g]
lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{tsf] lgjf{rgaf6 lgjf{lrt
ePsf] ;b:osf] kb l/Qm ePsf]] cj:yfdf ul/g]
pklgjf{rgnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
-h_ ælgjf{rg clws[tÆ eGgfn] bkmf * adf]lhd cfof]uaf6 lgo'Qm
ePsf] d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[t / lgjf{rg clws[t ;Demg' k5{
/ ;f] zAbn] ;xfos lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
-em_ ælgjf{rg If]qÆ eGgfn] klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg
k|0ffnL cGtu{t x'g] lgjf{rgsf nflu ;ª\3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]un] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] lgjf{rg If]q
;Demg' k5{ .
-`_ ælgjf{rg k|ltlglwÆ eGgfn] bkmf ^# adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf]
lgjf{rg k|ltlglw ;Demg' k5{
-6_ æklxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnLÆ eGgfn] bkmf $
adf]lhdsf]] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL ;Demg' k5{ .
-7_ ælk5l8Psf] If]qÆ eGgfn] c5fd, sflnsf]6, hfh/sf]6, h'Dnf,
8f]Nkf, aemfª, afh'/f, d'u' / x'Dnf lhNnf ;Demg' k5{ .
-8_ æk|ltlglw ;efÆ eGgfn] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f *$ adf]lhd u7g x'g]
k|ltlglw ;ef ;Demg' k5{ .

2
 -9_ ædtbftfÆ eGgfn] ;ª\3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd clGtd dtbftf
gfdfjnLdf gfd ;dfj]z ePsf] JolQm ;Demg' k5{ .
-0f_ ædtkqÆ eGgfn] lgjf{rgdf dtbfg ug{sf] nflu Joj:yf
ul/Psf] dtkq ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ljB'tLo pks/0faf6
dtbfg x'g] Joj:yf ePsf]df To:tf] ljB'tLo pks/0fdf k|of]u
x'g] dtkq jf To:tf] pks/0fdf hl8t l8lh6n dtkqnfO{
;d]t hgfpF5 .
-t_ ædtk]l6sfÆ eGgfn] dt ;Í]t u/]sf] dtkq /fVgsf] nflu
cfof]un] Joj:yf u/]sf] dtk]l6sf ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]
ljB'tLo pks/0faf6 dtbfg u/]sf]df To;/L dtbfg u/]sf]
dt ;Í]tnfO{ clen]v ug]{ ljB'tLo pks/0fnfO{ ;d]t
hgfpF5 .
-y_ ædtbfg clws[tÆ eGgfn] bkmf !! adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf]]
dtbfg clws[t ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ;xfos dtbfg
clws[tnfO{ ;d]t
hgfpF5 .
-b_ æ;b:oÆ eGgfn] k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;b:o ;Demg' k5{ .
-w_ æ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnLÆ eGgfn] bkmf % adf]lhdsf]
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL ;Demg' k5{ .
-g_ æ;+ljwfgÆ eGgfn] g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg ;Demg' k5{ .

kl/R5]b–@
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL
#= lgjf{rg k|0ffnL M k|ltlglw ;efsf] b'O{ ;o krxQ/ ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] nflu
b]xfosf] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL ckgfOg]5 M–
-s_ Ps;o k};7\7L ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] nflu klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g]
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL,
-v_ Ps;o bz ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] nflu ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL
.
3
$= klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL M klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg
k|0ffnL cGtu{t Ps lgjf{rg If]q Ps kbsf] cfwf/df ;a}eGbf a9L dt k|fKt
ug]{ pDd]bjf/ k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;b:odf lgjf{lrt
x'g]5 .
%= ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL M ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t ;Dk"0f{
b]znfO{{ Ps lgjf{rg If]q dfgL bnnfO{ dt lbg] / k|To]s bnn] k|fKt u/]sf]
s"n dt ;ª\Vofsf] cg'kftdf To:tf] bnsf] tk{maf6 k|ltlglwTj ug]{ pDd]bjf/
k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;b:odf lgjf{lrt x'g]5g\ .

kl/R5]b–#
lgjf{rgsf] ;"rgf
^= lgjf{rgsf] ldlt tf]Sg] M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgjf{rgsf] ldlt tf]Sg]5 .
t/ lgjf{rgsf] ldlt tf]Sg'eGbf cl3 g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfof]usf] k/fdz{
lng' kg]{5 .
-@_ ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f &^ sf] pkwf/f -&_ adf]lhd k|ltlglw;ef lj36g
ePsf]df /fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df k|ltlglw ;ef lj36g ePsf] 5
dlxgfleq lgjf{rg ;DkGg x'g] u/L] lgjf{rgsf] ldlt tf]Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] ldltdf Ps} r/0fdf lgjf{rg ;DkGg
ug{ ;Dej gePdf ;f] ldltaf6 lgjf{rg z'? x'g] u/L b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L
r/0fdf lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug{ cnucnu ldlt ;d]t tf]Sg ;lsg]5 .
-$_ o; bkmf adf]lhd lgjf{rgsf] ldlt tf]s]sf] ;"rgf g]kfn /fhkqdf
k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
&= lgjf{rg sfo{qmdsf] ;"rgf M -!_ bkmf ^ adf]lhd lgjf{rgsf] ldlt tf]lsPsf]
;"rgf k|sflzt ePkl5 cfof]un] lgjf{rg sfo{qmdsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgjf{rg sfo{qmddf pDd]bjf/sf]
dgf]gogkq btf{ ug]{, dgf]gogkq btf{ ePsf]] pDd]bjf/sf] ;"rL k|sfzg ug]{,
pDd]bjf/sf] lj/f]wdf ph/L lbg], dgf]gogkq hfFr ug]{, dgf]gog ePsf]]
pDd]bjf/sf] gfdfjnL k|sfzg ug]{, pDd]bjf/n] gfd lkmtf{ lng], pDd]bjf/sf]

4
 clGtd gfdfjnL k|sfzg ug]{, pDd]bjf/nfO{ lgjf{rg lrXg k|bfg ug]{ /
dtbfg ug]{ ldlt, ;do / :yfg pNn]v u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgjf{rg sfo{qmddf ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg
k|0ffnL cGtu{t x'g] lgjf{rgsf] nflu pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL cfof]udf k]z ug]{,
;f] pk/ bfaL lj/f]w ug]{ / pDd]bjf/sf] clGtd aGb;"rL k|sfzg ug]{ sfo{qmd
;d]t ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] lgjf{rg sfo{qmd g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sfzg
ul/g]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]un] k|sfzg u/]sf] lgjf{rg sfo{qmd
adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf ;DalGwt lgjf{rg clws[tn] lgjf{rg clws[tsf]
sfof{nodf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .

kl/R5]b–$
d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[t, lgjf{rg clws[t, dtbfg clws[t / cGo sd{rf/L
*= lgjf{rg clws[tsf] lgo'lQm M -!_ ;+ljwfg, o; P]g tyf ;ª\3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd lgjf{rgdf ;Dkfbg ug{'kg]{ sfd ug{ jf u/fpgsf nflu k|To]s
lhNnfdf cfof]un] Ps hgf d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[t / k|To]s lgjf{rg If]qdf
Ps hgf lgjf{rg clws[t lgo'Qm ug{]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]un] lgjf{rg clws[t lgo'Qm ubf{ Gofo
kl/ifb\sf] k/fdz{df lhNnf GofofwLznfO{ d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[tdf / Gofo
;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{df g]kfn Gofo ;]jfsf sDtLdf /fhkqflÍt låtLo
>]0fLsf clws[tnfO{ lgjf{rg clws[tdf lgo'Qm ug]{5 .
-#_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] cfof]un] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] ;ª\Vofdf ;xfos
lgjf{rg clws[t / cGo sd{rf/L lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
(= d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ cfof]usf] lgb]{zgsf]
cwLgdf /xL cfkm"nfO{ tf]lsPsf] lhNnfleqsf] lgjf{rg If]qx?sf] lgjf{rg
;DaGwL sfdsf] ;dGjo / ;'kl/j]If0f u/L cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg' d'Vo
lgjf{rg clws[tsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

5
 -@_ d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[tn] cfkm"nfO{ tf]lsPsf] lgjf{rg If]qdf
lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/sf] k|of]u / kfngf ;d]t ug]{5 .
!)= lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ cfof]u / d'Vo lgjf{rg
clws[tsf] lgb]{zgsf] cwLgdf /xL cfkm"nfO{ tf]lsPsf] lgjf{rg If]qdf o;
P]g adf]lhd lgjf{rg u/fpg] ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfd sf/afxL :jR5, lgikIf /
:jtGq ?kdf ug'{, u/fpg' lgjf{rg clws[tsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-@_ lgjf{rg clws[tsf] cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tf]lsP adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
-#_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] lgjf{rgsf] sfd ug{ v6fPsf] sd{rf/LnfO{
cfjZostf cg';f/ cfˆgf]] clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
t/ dgf]gogkq hfFRg], dgf]gog kq ;b/ jf ab/ ug]{ / dtu0fgfsf]
clGtd kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ug]{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
-$_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ tyf :yfgLo txsf
sd{rf/L, g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/sf]] :jfldTj jf lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] jf
g]kfn ;/sf/ jf k|b]z ;/sf/sf] cg'bfgdf ;~rflnt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L jf
ljZjljBfno jf ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf lzIfs jf sd{rf/LnfO{ lgjf{rg
;DaGwL s'g} sfddf v6fpg jf nufpg ;Sg]5 .
t/ o;/L sd{rf/L jf lzIfs v6fpFbf sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf lghsf] 3/
7]ufgf /x]sf] :yfgsf] ;DalGwt j8fdf / lzIfssf] xsdf lgh sfo{/t :yfg
/ lghsf] 3/ 7]ufgf /x]sf] :yfgsf] ;DalGwt j8fdf gkg]{ u/L v6fpg'
kg]{5 .
!!= dtbfg clws[tsf] lgo'lQm M -!_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z
;/sf/ tyf :yfgLo txsf sd{rf/L, g]kfn ;/sf/ jf k|b]z ;/sf/sf]]
:jfldTj jf lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] jf g]kfn ;/sf/ jf k|b]z ;/sf/sf] cg'bfgdf
;~rflnt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L jf ljZjljBfno jf ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf
lzIfs jf sd{rf/LnfO{ dtbfg clws[t jf ;xfos dtbfg clws[t lgo'Qm
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
t/ o;/L dtbfg clws[t jf ;xfos dtbfg clws[t lgo'Qm ubf{
sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf lghsf] 3/ 7]ufgf /x]sf] :yfgsf] ;DalGwt j8fdf /

6
 lzIfssf] xsdf lgh sfo{/t :yfg / lghsf] 3/ 7]ufgf /x]sf] :yfgsf]
;DalGwt j8fdf gkg]{ u/L lgo'Qm ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm dtbfg clws[t / ;xfos dtbfg
clws[tn] of] P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf hf/L ePsf] cfb]zn]
tf]s] adf]lhdsf] dtbfg u/fpg] ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfd :jR5, lgikIf / :jtGq
?kdf ;DkGg u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ dtbfg clws[t tyf ;xfos dtbfg clws[tsf] cGo sfd, st{Jo
/ clwsf/ tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

kl/R5]b–%
pDd]bjf/ tyf dgf]gogkq
!@= pDd]bjf/sf] of]Uotf M s'g} JolQm lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ x'g b]xfosf] of]Uotf
k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 M–
-s_ g]kfnsf] gful/s,
-v_ dtbftf gfdfjnLdf gfd ;dfj]z ePsf]],
-u_ kRrL; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf]],
-3_ s'g} ;ª\3Lo sfg"gn] cof]Uo gePsf], /
-ª_ s'g} nfesf] kbdf axfn g/x]sf] .
:ki6Ls/0f M v08 -ª_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ænfesf] kbÆ eGgfn]
lgjf{rg jf dgf]gogåf/f k"lt{ ul/g] /fhgLlts kb afx]s s'g} ;/sf/L
sf]ifaf6 kfl/>lds jf cfly{s ;'ljwf kfpg] cGo kb ;Demg' k5{ .
!#= pDd]bjf/sf] cof]Uotf M o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
b]xfosf] JolQm lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ x'g cof]Uo dflgg]5 M–
-s_ bkmf !@ adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf gePsf],
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txdf tyf g]kfn
;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txsf] :jfldTj jf
lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] jf g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo

7
 txaf6 cg'bfg k|fKt ;+:yfdf kfl/>lds kfpg] u/L axfn
/x]sf],
-u_ lgjf{rg ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;hfo kfO{ To:tf]
;hfo ef]lu;s]sf] ldltn] b'O{ jif{ e'Qmfg gu/]sf],
-3_ e|i6frf/, ha/h:tL s/0fL, dfgj a]rlavg tyf cf];f/k;f/,
nfu" cf}ifw laqmL ljt/0f tyf lgsf;L jf k}7f/L, ;DklQ
z'4Ls/0f, /fxbfgL b'?kof]u, ckx/0f ;DaGwL s;"/ jf g}lts
ktg b]lvg] cGo kmf}hbf/L s;"/df ;hfo kfO{ jf s'g}
s;"/df hGd s}b jf aL; jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L s}bsf] ;hfo
kfO{ To:tf] k}m;nf clGtd ePsf],
-ª_ ;Ël7t ck/fw ;DaGwL s;"/df s}bsf] ;hfo kfO{ jf st{Ao
Hofg ;DaGwL s;"/df aL; jif{eGbf sd s}bsf] ;hfo kfO{
To:tf] ;hfo e'Qmfg u/]sf] ldltn] 5 jif{ k"/f gePsf],
-r_ hftLo e]befj tyf 5'jf5"t, af]S;f af]S;L jf ax'ljjfx
;DaGwL s;"/df s}bsf] ;hfo kfO{ To:tf] ;hfo e'Qmfg
u/]sf] ldltn] tLg jif{ k"/f gePsf],
-5_ v08 -3_ / -ª_ df plNnlvt s;"/ afx]s cGo s;"/df
kfFr jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L s}bsf] ;hfo kfO{ To:tf] ;hfo
e'Qmfg u/]sf] ldltn] 5 jif{ k"/f gePsf],
-h_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sfnf] ;"rLdf /x]sf]df ;f] cjlwe/,
-em_ s}bdf a;]sf]df s}b a;]sf] cjlwe/,
-`_ dfgl;s ;Gt'ng 7Ls gePsf],
!$= bf]xf]/f] pDd]bjf/ x'g gkfpg] M -!_ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL
cg';f/ x'g] lgjf{rgdf Ps JolQmn] Ps k6sdf s'g} Ps lgjf{rg If]qsf
nflu dfq pDd]bjf/L lbg ;Sg]5 . To;/L s'g} JolQm PseGbf a9L lgjf{rg
If]qdf pDd]bjf/ ePdf lghsf] ;a} lgjf{rg If]qsf] pDd]bjf/L cfof]un] ab/
ug]{5 .
-@_ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{sf] aGb;"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z ePsf]
JolQm klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{ pDd]bjf/ x'g / klxnf]

8
 x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{ pDd]bjf/ ePsf] JolQmsf] gfd
;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{sf] aGb;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-#_ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tk{m Pp6} JolQmsf] gfd PseGbf a9L
bnsf] aGb;"rLdf ;dfj]z ePdf cfof]un] To:tf] JolQmsf] gfd To:tf ;a}
bnsf] aGb;"rLaf6 x6fpg]5 .
-$_ k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rg Ps} ldltdf x'g] u/L
lgjf{rgsf] ldlt tf]lsPsf] cj:yfdf s'g} JolQm k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z ;efsf]
lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ ePdf lghsf] b'j} lgjf{rgtk{msf] pDd]bjf/L cfof]un]
ab/ ug]{5 .
!%= pDd]bjf/sf] cof]Uotf ;DaGwL lg0f{o ug]{ M -!_ ;b:osf] nflu pDd]bjf/Lsf]
dgf]gog btf{ eO;s]sf] t/ lgjf{rg kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff eO{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf
s'g} pDd]bjf/ cof]Uo 5 jf x'g uPsf] 5 eGg] s;}nfO{ nfu]df ;f] ljifodf
:ki6 k|df0f ;lxt ;DalGwt lgjf{rg clws[t dfkm{t cfof]u ;dIf ph'/L lbg
;lsg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ph'/L k|fKt ePdf lgjf{rg clws[tn] To:tf]
pDd]bjf/nfO{ ;ft lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ To; ;DaGwdf :ki6Ls/0f dfu ug{
;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd :ki6Ls/0f k|fKt ePkl5 jf Dofbleq
:ki6Ls/0f k|fKt gePdf ;f]xL Joxf]/f pNn]v u/L lgjf{rg clws[tn]
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/]sf] ph'/L / tt\;DaGwL sfuhft oyfzL3| cfof]udf
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd ph'/L ;lxtsf sfuhft k|fKt ePkl5
cfof]un] rfx]df ;f] ljifodf ;DalGwt pDd]bjf/;Fu a'‰g jf yk k|df0f dfu
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ cfof]un] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd lgjf{rg clws[taf6 k|fKt ph'/L
;lxtsf sfuhft hfFra'em u/L ph'/L k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq
pDd]bjf/sf] cof]Uotf ;DaGwdf lg0f{o ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd pDd]bjf/sf] cof]Uotf ;DaGwdf lg0f{o ubf{
ckgfpg' kg]{ sfo{ljlw cfof]un] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .

9
 -&_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfof]un] s'g}
pDd]bjf/sf] cof]Uotfsf ;DaGwdf o; bkmf adf]lhd lg0f{o u/L g;s]sf]
sf/0faf6 dfq To:tf] lgjf{rgsf] sfd sf/afxLdf s'g} c;/ kg]{ 5}g .
!^= kb d'Qm x'g] M -!_ ;b:osf] kbdf lgjf{lrt s'g} JolQm bkmf !# adf]lhd
cof]Uo /x]sf] cbfntaf6 7x/ ePdf lgh To:tf] kbaf6 d'Qm x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd kb d'Qm ePsf] hfgsf/L cfof]un] ;DalGwt
JolQmnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ ;b:osf] kbdf lgjf{lrt s'g} JolQmsf] cof]Uotf ;DaGwdf
cbfntdf ph'/L lbg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;b:o kbd'Qm ePsf] ;"rgf g]kfn /fhkqdf
k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
!&= pDd]bjf/sf] pd]/sf] u0fgf M lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ x'gsf] nflu pDd]bjf/sf]
pd]/sf] u0fgf ubf{ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnLsf] xsdf
pDd]bjf/sf] dgf]gogkq btf{ ug]{ ldlt;Dddf / ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg
k|0ffnLsf] xsdf pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL k]z ug]{ ldlt;Dddf kRrL; jif{ pd]/
k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
!*= pDd]bjf/sf] dgf]gog M -!_ bkmf !# adf]lhd cof]Uotf gePsf] JolQm tf]lsP
adf]lhd lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ x'g jf To:tf] JolQmnfO{ pDd]bjf/ dgf]gog ug{
;lsg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd pDd]bjf/ dgf]gog ubf{ Ps hgf k|:tfjs /
Ps hgf ;dy{s x'g' kg]{5 . To:tf] k|:tfjs / ;dy{s ;f]xL lgjf{rg If]qsf]
dtbftf gfdfjnLdf gfd btf{ ePsf]] JolQm x'g' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd s'g} JolQmnfO{ pDd]bjf/sf] ?kdf k|:tfj
ul/Psf] cj:yfdf To:tf] pDd]bjf/n] dgf]gogkqdf cfˆgf] d~h'/L n]vL
;xL5fk ;d]t ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ bnn] v8f u/]sf] pDd]bjf/sf] ;DaGwdf To:tf] bnsf] tkm{af6
bkmf !( sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] clwsf/Ln] lbPsf] cf}krfl/s kq
dgf]gogkq ;fy k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

10
 -%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] clwsf/Ln] pDd]bjf/nfO{ lbPsf] To:tf]
cf}krfl/s kqsf] Ps k|lt lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ ;d]t k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] /Lt gk'¥ofO{ dgf]gogkq bflvnf ePsf]]
cj:yfdf To:tf] pDd]bjf/nfO{ ;f] bnsf] pDd]bjf/sf] ?kdf dfGotf lbOg]
5}g .
-&_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ lgjf{rgsf] nflu a9Ldf b'O{ dgf]gogkqåf/f
dgf]gog ug{ ;lsg]5 .
!(= dgf]gogsf] cf}krfl/s kq k|bfg ug]{ clwsf/L ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ bnn]
cfˆgf] tk{maf6 pDd]bjf/ dgf]gogsf] cf}krfl/s kq k|bfg ug{ To:tf] bnsf]
s]Gb|Lo sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldlt jf ;f] ;/xsf] ;ldltsf] kbflwsf/LnfO{ tf]Sg' kg]{5
.
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] kbflwsf/Lsf] gfd, y/, kb / lghsf]
b:tvtsf] gd"gf To:tf] bnsf] s]Gb|Lo sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldlt jf ;f] ;/xsf]
;ldltn] tf]s]sf] ;f] ;ldltsf] kbflwsf/Ln] k|dfl0ft u/L pDd]bjf/sf] nflu
dgf]gogkq bflvnf ug]{ ldlt cufj} cfof]un] tf]s]sf] cjlwleq cfof]unfO{
pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ cfof]un] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] b:tvt gd"gf ;lxtsf] ljj/0f
dgf]gog kq btf{ ug{ tf]lsPsf] ldlt cufj} ;DalGwt lgjf{rg clws[t ;DfIf
k7fO;Sg' kg]{5 .
@)= dgf]gogkqsf] btf{ M -!_ pDd]bjf/sf] dgf]gogkq pDd]bjf/ cfkm}Fn] jf
lghsf] k|ltlglw jf k|:tfjs jf ;dy{sn] ;DalGwt lgjf{rg clws[t ;dIf
k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] dgf]gogkq ;DalGwt lgjf{rg
clws[tn] o; P]g adf]lhd /Ltk"j{ssf] eP gePsf] hfFra'em u/L /Ltk"j{ssf]
eP btf{ u/L ;f]sf] lg:;f dgf]gogkq btf{ ug{ Nofpg] JolQmnfO{ lbg'
kg]{5 .
-#_ s;}n] k|:tfjs jf ;dy{s gePsf]], k|:tfjs jf ;dy{s bf]xf]l/Psf],
o; P]g adf]lhdsf] w/f}6L /fv]sf] lg:;f gePsf]], k|:tfjs jf ;dy{s jf
pDd]bjf/ x'g] JolQmsf] ;xL5fk gePsf]] jf cGo /Lt gk'u]sf] dgf]gogkq

11
 btf{ ug{ NofPdf lgjf{rg clws[tn] /Lt gk'u]sf] hlt s'/f ;Rofpg nufO{
To:tf] dgf]gogkq btf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . s;}n] o;/L /Lt gk'u]sf] s'/f g;RofO{{
dgf]gogkq btf{ u/fpg rfx]df ;f]xL Joxf]/f dgf]gogkqdf hgfO{ To;sf]]
;"rgf dgf]gogkq btf{ u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ dgf]gogkq ;fy k]z ug'{ kg]{ cGo sfuhft tf]lsP adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
-%_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] dgf]gogkq btf{ ug]{ ;do ;dfKt ePkl5
lgjf{rg sfo{qmdsf] ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] ldlt, ;do / :yfgdf dgf]gogkq btf{
ePsf]] pDd]bjf/sf] ;"rL k|sfzg ug]{5 .
@!= bfaL lj/f]w ug{ ;Sg] M bkmf @) adf]lhd dgf]gogkq btf{ ePsf] s'g}
pDd]bjf/sf] of]Uotfsf] ;DaGwdf bfaL lj/f]w ug{ rfxg] pDd]bjf/ jf lghsf]
k|ltlglwn] lgjf{rg sfo{qmdsf] ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] ldlt, ;do / :yfgdf
lgjf{rg clws[t ;dIf ph'/L lbg ;Sg]5 .
@@= dgf]gogkqsf] hfFr M -!_ bkmf @) adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] dgf]gogkq hfFr
ubf{ lgjf{rg sfo{qmdsf] ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] ldlt, ;do / :yfgdf pDd]bjf/
jf lghsf] k|ltlglw, k|:tfjs jf ;dy{s pkl:yt x'g' kg]{5 .
-@_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] pkbkmf -!_ df pNn]v ul/Psf JolQmsf]
pkl:yltdf ;Dk"0f{ pDd]bjf/sf] dgf]gogkq hfFr ug'{ kg{]5 .
t/ To;/L pkl:yt x'g' kg]{ s'g} pDd]bjf/ jf lghsf] k|:tfjs jf
;dy{s jf k|ltlglw pkl:yt gePdf klg dgf]gogkq hfFr ug{ / ;f] ljifodf
sfg"g adf]lhd lg0f{o ug{ o; pkbkmfn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-#_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf lgjf{rg clws[tn] o; bkmf adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{
dgf]gogkqsf] hfFr ;DaGwL sf/afxL :ylut ug{ ;Sg]5 / o;/L
dgf]gogkqsf] hfFr ;DaGwL sf/afxL :ylut ePsf] hfgsf/L cfof]unfO{ lbg'
kg]{5 M–
-s_ dgf]gogkq hfFr ug]{ ;dodf ;f] :yfgdf x'nbËf nufot
cGo c;fdfGo kl/l:ylt pTkGg ePdf, jf
-v_ k|fs[lts ljkb\sf] sf/0fn] sfa" aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt pTkGg
ePdf .

12
 -$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd dgf]gogkqsf] hfFr ;DaGwL sf/afxL :ylut
ePdf cfof]un] s'g} lgb]{zg lbPsf] eP ;f] ;d]tsf] cfwf/df lgjf{rg
clws[tn] ;do / :yfg tf]sL oyf;Dej l56f] dgf]gogkqsf] hfFr ug'{ kg]{5
.
-%_ dgf]gogkqsf] hfFr ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@#= dgf]gogkq ab/ x'g] cj:yf M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf dgf]gogkq ab/ x'g]5
M–
-s_ ;+ljwfg / o; P]g adf]lhd pDd]bjf/sf] of]Uotf gePdf,
-v_ pDd]bjf/ x'g] JolQmsf] d~h'/L gePdf jf lgh jf lghsf]
k|:tfjs / ;dy{ssf] ;xL5fk gePdf jf lst]{ ;xL5fk
ePdf,
-u_ bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] ;doleq
dgf]gogkq btf{ gePdf,
-3_ bkmf !*, !( / @) df n]lvP adf]lhd dgf]gogkq bflvnf
gePdf,
-ª_ bkmf &) adf]lhd w/f}6L bflvnf gu/]df,
-r_ o; P]g adf]lhd cGo /Lt gk'u]sf] ePdf .
-@_ bkmf !$ sf] pkbkmf -@_ ljk/Lt ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL
tkm{sf] aGb;"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z ePsf] pDd]bjf/ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g]
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tk{m pDd]bjf/ ePdf lghsf] klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g]
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{sf] dgf]gogkq ab/ x'g]5 .
@$= pDd]bjf/sf] gfdfjnL M lgjf{rg clws[tn] dgf]gogkq hfFr ul/;s]kl5
sfg"g adf]lhd /Lt k'u]sf dgf]gogkq adf]lhdsf pDd]bjf/sf] gfdfjnL tof/
u/L ;f]sf] Ps k|lt cfˆgf]] sfof{nodf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
@%= gfd lkmtf{ lng] M -!_ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{sf] s'g}
pDd]bjf/n] pDd]bjf/sf] gfdfjnLaf6 cfˆgf] gfd lkmtf{ lng rfx]df bkmf &
sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] ;doleq lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ lnlvt
;"rgf lbO{ cfˆgf]] gfd lkmtf{ lng ;Sg]5 .

13
 -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd gfd lkmtf{ lnPsf] ;"rgf pDd]bjf/ cfkm}Fn]
jf lghsf] k|ltlglwn] bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd gfd lkmtf{ lnPsf] ;"rgf lgjf{rg clws[t
;dIf bflvnf e};s]kl5 To:tf] ;"rgf ab/ ug{ jf lkmtf{ lng kfOg] 5}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd bflvnf ePsf]] ;"rgfsf] af/]df
lgjf{rg clws[t ljZj:t ePdf To:tf] pDd]bjf/sf] gfd pDd]bjf/sf]
gfdfjnLaf6 x6fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L gfd x6fOPsf] ;"rgf lgjf{rg clws[tn]
cfˆgf]] sfof{nodf t'?Gt k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ s'g} bnsf] tk{maf6 pDd]bjf/ dgf]gogsf] cf}krfl/s kq k|bfg ug{
bkmf !( sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] kbflwsf/Ln]] To:tf] bnsf]
tkm{af6 pDd]bjf/L lbPsf]] s'g} pDd]bjf/sf] gfd lkmtf{ lng] u/L lgjf{rg
clws[tnfO{ bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] ;doleq n]vL
k7fPdf lghnfO{ pDd]bjf/sf] ?kdf sfod /flvg] 5}g .
@^= pDd]bjf/sf] clGtd gfdfjnL M -!_ bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd gfd
lkmtf{ lng tf]lsPsf] ;do ;dfKt ePkl5 lgjf{rg clws[tn] afFsL /x]sf
pDd]bjf/sf] gfdfjnL tof/ u/L Ps k|lt t'?Gt cfˆgf] sfof{nodf k|sfzg
ug'{ kg]{5 / To;sf] Ps k|lt cfof]udf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] gfdfjnLdf pDd]bjf/sf] gfd g]kfnL
j0ff{g'qmd cg';f/ n]lvg]5 / s'g} pDd]bjf/ bnsf] tkm{af6 dgf]gLt ePsf]df
lghsf] 7]ufgfdf To:tf] bnsf] gfd ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
@&= lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt M klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t s'g}
lgjf{rg If]qdf Ps hgf dfq pDd]bjf/ sfod x'g cfPdf lgjf{rg clws[tn]
;f] kbdf To:tf] pDd]bjf/ lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt ePsf]] 3f]if0ff ug]{5 .
@*= pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL tof/ ug]{ M -!_ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cg';f/
x'g] lgjf{rgdf efu lng rfxg] bnn] cfˆgf] bnsf] tkm{af6 k|ltlglwTj ug]{
pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd bnn] pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL tof/ ubf{
;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t lgjf{lrt x'g] s"n ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf]

14
sDtLdf bz k|ltzt ;b:osf nflu pDd]bjf/L lbg] u/L aGb;"rL tof/ ug'{
kg]{5 .
-#_ bnn] pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL tof/ ubf{ s"n pDd]bjf/sf] sDtLdf
krf; k|ltzt dlxnfsf] gfd ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ bnn] pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL tof/ ubf{ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL
tkm{ lgwf{l/t s"n ;b:o ;ª\VofeGbf a9L x'g] u/L pDd]bjf/sf] gfd ;dfj]z
ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-%_ bnn] o; bkmf adf]lhd pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL tof/ ubf{ e"uf]n /
k|fb]lzs ;Gt'ngnfO{ ;d]t Wofg lbO{ hg;ª\Vofsf] cfwf/df cg';"rL–! df
pNn]v eP adf]lhd blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, v; cfo{, dw];L, yf? /
d'l:nd ;d]tsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L ;dfj]zL l;4fGt adf]lhd tof/ ug'{ kg]{5
.
-^_ bnn] pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL tof/ ubf{ lk5l8Psf] If]q tyf
ckfËtf ePsf JolQmsf] ;d]t k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ bnn] pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL tof/ ubf{ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd k|To]s
;dfj]zL cfwf/df ;dfj]z ul/Psf pDd]bjf/ 5'l§g] u/L tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf
tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-*_ bnn] o; bkmf adf]lhd tof/ ePsf] pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL bkmf
& sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] ;doleq cfof]udf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
o;/L aGb;"rL cfof]udf k]z u/]kl5 pDd]bjf/sf] dgf]gog u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-(_ pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL k]z ubf{ To:tf]
aGb;"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z ePsf] JolQmn] ;f] bnsf] tkm{af6 pDd]bjf/ x'g
d~h'/ u/]sf] d~h'/Lgfdf ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!)_ pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd bnaf6 k|fKt pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL o; P]g
adf]lhd tof/ eP gePsf] olsg u/L ;f] adf]lhd tof/ gePsf] eP
;DalGwt bnnfO{ ;ft lbgleq ;Rofpg cfof]un] ;"lrt ug]{5 .
-!!_ pkbkmf -!)_ adf]lhd cfof]uaf6 pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL ;Rofpg
;"lrt ePkl5 ;DalGwt bnn] ;f] adf]lhd pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL ;++zf]wg u/L
;ft lbgleq cfof]udf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

15
 -!@_ pkbkmf -!)_ adf]lhd pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL k]z ePsf] t/
lgjf{rg ;DkGg eO{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf s'g} pDd]bjf/sf] d[To' ePdf bnn]
To:tf] aGb;"rLdf csf]{ pDd]bjf/ ;dfj]z u/L pDd]bjf/ dgf]gog ug'{ kg]{5 .
o;/L pDd]bjf/ dgf]gog ubf{ d[To' ePsf] pDd]bjf/ h'g ;dfj]zL cfwf/df
dgf]gog ul/Psf] xf] ;f]xL ;dfj]zL cfwf/df csf]{ pDd]bjf/ dgf]gog ug'{
kg]{5 .
@(= pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL pk/ bfaL lj/f]wsf] df}sf lbg] M -!_ bkmf @* adf]lhd
k|fKt pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL cfof]un] hfFra'em u/L k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL k|sfzg ubf{ cfof]un]
To:tf] ;"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z ePsf]] s'g} pDd]bjf/sf] of]Uotf ;+ljwfg jf o;
P]g adf]lhd gePsf] ;DaGwdf ;ft lbgleq bfaL lj/f]w ug{ ;lsg] Joxf]/fsf]
;"rgf ;d]t k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ cfof]un] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|sflzt aGb;"rL cfjZostf
cg';f/ ;~rf/ dfWodaf6 k|sfzg / k|;f/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|sflzt pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z
ePsf]] s'g} pDd]bjf/sf] ;+ljwfg jf o; P]g adf]lhd of]Uotf gk'u]sf] egL
s'g} dtbftfn] bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgfdf pNn]v u/]sf]
;doleq k|df0f ;lxt cfof]udf bfaL lj/f]w ;lxtsf] lgj]bg k]z ug{
;Sg]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd bfaL lj/f]wsf] lgj]bg k|fKt ePdf cfof]un]
;f] ;DaGwdf cfjZos hfFra'em ug]{5 / hfFra'emaf6 aGb;"rLdf gfd
;dfj]z ePsf]] JolQmsf] ;+ljwfg jf o; P]g adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k'u]sf]
gb]lvPdf cfof]un] ;f]xL Joxf]/f hgfO{ To:tf] pDd]bjf/sf] gfd To:tf]
;"rLaf6 x6fpg' kg]{5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd k/]sf] bfaL lj/f]w ;DaGwdf ;f] pkbkmf
adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5 / bfaL lj/f]w gk/]df bfaL lj/f]w ug]{ Dofb
;dfKt ePkl5 cfof]un] pDd]bjf/sf] clGtd aGb;"rL k|sfzg ug]{5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd k|sfzg ePsf] aGb;"rL cfof]un] k|dfl0ft
u/L ;DalGwt bnnfO{ k7fpg' kg]{5 .

16
#)= pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL dfGo x'g] cjlw M -!_ bkmf @( sf] pkbkmf -^_
adf]lhd k|sflzt aGb;"rL k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;f] sfo{sfne/ dfGo
x'g]5 .
t/ k|ltlglw ;ef u7g eO;s] kl5 dgf]gog ug]{ bnn] s'g}
pDd]bjf/sf] gfd x6fpg n]vL k7fPdf cfof]un] aGb;"rLaf6 To:tf]
pDd]bjf/sf] gfd x6fpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cg';f/ lgjf{lrt s'g} ;b:osf] d[To'
eO{, /fhLgfdf lbO{, bn Tofu u/L jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] kb l/Qm ePdf
;DalGwt bnsf] l;kmfl/;df tf]lsP adf]lhd csf]{ ;b:o lgjf{lrt x'g]5 .
o;/L bnn] l;kmfl/; ubf{ kb l/Qm ePsf] pDd]bjf/ h'g ;dfj]zL cfwf/df
dgf]gog ul/Psf] xf] ;f]xL ;dfj]zL cfwf/df pDd]jf/sf] aGb;"rLaf6 csf]{
pDd]bjf/sf] gfd l;kmfl/; ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{sf] pDd]bjf/sf]
aGb;"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z ePsf] JolQm pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z
adf]lhd gfd x6]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s /fli6«o ;ef, k|b]z ;ef jf :yfgLo
txsf] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ/fli6«o ;efÆ eGgfn]
;+ljwfgsf] wf/f *^ adf]lhd u7g x'g] /fli6«o ;ef, æk|b]z ;efÆ eGgfn]
;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !&^ adf]lhd u7g x'g] k|b]z ;ef / æ:yfgLo txÆ eGgfn]
ufpFkflnsf, gu/kflnsf / lhNnf ;ef ;Demg' k5{ .
#!= lgjf{rg lrXg M -!_ lgjf{rgsf nflu bn / pDd]bjf/nfO{ ljt/0f ug]{
lgjf{rg lrXg cfof]un] lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] lgjf{rg lrXg bn /
pDd]bjf/nfO{ tf]lsP adf]lhd k|bfg ul/g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k|bfg ul/Psf] lgjf{rg lrXg To:tf] bnsf
pDd]bjf/ jf bn afx]s c? s;}n] klg k|of]u ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-$_ cfof]un] s'g} pDd]bjf/nfO{ lgjf{rg lrXg k|bfg ul/;s] kl5
To:tf] pDd]bjf/n] cfˆgf] bn Tofu u/]df jf csf]{ bndf k|j]z u/]df
lghnfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] lgjf{rg lrXg kl/jt{g x'g] 5}g . To:tf] pDd]bjf/

17
lgjf{lrt ePdf ;DalGwt bnn] k|df0f ;lxt cfof]udf ph'/L lbPdf lghsf]
;b:otf vf/]h x'g]5 .
-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tk{m
pDd]bjf/nfO{ lgjf{rg lrXg k|bfg ubf{ bnsf] pDd]bjf/nfO{ pkbkmf -!_
adf]lhd To:tf] bnsf] nflu lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] lgjf{rg lrXg k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5
. o;/L lgjf{rg lrXg ljt/0f ubf{ s'g} uNtL ePsf] jf km/s kg{ uPsf]
eGg] cfof]unfO{ nfu]df cfof]un] To:tf] lrXg kl/jt{g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-^_ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{ :jtGq pDd]bjf/nfO{
cfof]un] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] lgjf{rg lrXgsf] ;d"xaf6 tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] tl/sf
cg';f/ lgjf{rg clws[tn] lgjf{rg lrXg k|bfg ug]{5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -%_ / -^_ adf]lhd k|bfg ul/Psf] lgjf{rg lrXg dtkqdf
;dfj]z ubf{ b]xfosf] qmddf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ lgjf{rg x'g'eGbf tTsfncl3 sfod /x]sf] k|ltlglw ;efdf
k|ltlglwTj ug]{ bnn] To:tf] k|ltlglw ;efsf] lgjf{rgdf
;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnLtk{m k|fKt u/]sf] dt ;ª\Vofsf]
cfwf/df ;f] bnsf] pDd]bjf/sf] lgjf{rg lrXg,
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd k|ltlglw ;efdf k|ltlglwTj gug]{ bnsf]
xsdf lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu cfof]udf btf{ ePsf]
qmdsf] cfwf/df ;f] bnsf] pDd]bjf/sf] lgjf{rg lrXg,
-u_ :jtGq pDd]bjf/sf] gfdsf] j0ff{g'qmdsf] cfwf/df To:tf]
pDd]bjf/sf] lgjf{rg lrXg .
-*_ pkbkmf -&_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg of] P]g k|f/De
ePkl5 x'g] klxnf] k6ssf] lgjf{rgsf] xsdf dtkqdf lgjf{rg lrXg ;dfj]z
ubf{ b]xfosf] qmddf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ bnn] ;+ljwfg ;ef
;b:o lgjf{rg @)&) df ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnLtkm{
k|fKt u/]sf] dt ;ª\Vofsf] cfwf/df ;f] bnsf] pDd]bjf/sf]
lgjf{rg lrXg,

18
 -v_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj gug]{ bnsf] xsdf lgjf{rg
k|of]hgsf] nflu cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] qmdsf] cfwf/df ;f]
bnsf] pDd]bjf/sf] lgjf{rg lrXg,
-u_ :jtGq pDd]bjf/sf] gfdsf] j0ff{g'qmdsf] cfwf/df To:tf]
pDd]bjf/sf] lgjf{rg lrXg .
-(_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;dfg'kflts
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tk{m lgjf{rg lrXg ljt/0f ubf{ cfof]un] ;DalGwt bnsf]
nflu lgwf{/0f u/]sf] lgjf{rg lrXg ljt/0f ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] lgjf{rg lrXg
dtkqdf ;dfj]z ubf{ pkbkmf -&_ sf] v08 -s_ / -v_ jf pkbkmf -*_ sf]
v08 -s_ / -v_ sf] qmddf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!)_ k|ltlglw;ef jf Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ b'O{ jf
;f]eGbf a9L bnx? PsLs/0f ePsf] jf uflePsf]df pkbkmf -&_ sf] v08 -
s_ jf pkbkmf -*_ sf] v08 -s_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu To;/L PsLs/0f x'g'
jf ufleg'cl3 To:tf bnx?n] k|fKt u/]sf] s"n dt ;ª\VofnfO{ xfn sfod
ePsf] bnn] k|fKt u/]sf] dt ;ª\Vof dflgg]5 .
#@= pDd]bjf/sf] d[To' ePdf M -!_ bkmf @^ adf]lhd pDd]bjf/sf] clGtd gfdfjnL
k|sfzg x'g'cl3 jf k|sfzg eO;s]kl5 bnaf6 dgf]gog ePsf] s'g}
pDd]bjf/sf] d[To' eO{ ;f]sf] lnlvt ;"rgf lgjf{rg k|ltlglw, ;DalGwt bn jf
cGo s'g} JolQmaf6 k|fKt ePdf / ;f] s'/fdf lgjf{rg clws[t ljZj:t ePdf
lgjf{rg clws[tn] To:tf] lgjf{rg;Fu ;DalGwt cGo sfo{qmd t'?Gt :ylut
u/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L cfof]unfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
t/ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{tsf] :jtGq
pDd]bjf/ jf ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rgsf nflu pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rLdf gfd
;dfj]z ePsf] s'g} pDd]bjf/sf] d[To' ePdf lgjf{rg sfo{qmd :ylut x'g]
5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sfo{qmd :ylut ePsf]] ;"rgf cGo pDd]bjf/
;d]tsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu lgjf{rg clws[tn] cfˆgf]] sfof{nodf 6fF:g' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePdf cfof]un] pDd]bjf/sf]
clGtd gfdfjnL k|sfzg x'g'cl3 pDd]bjf/sf] d[To' ePsf]df To:tf] lgjf{rgsf]
dtbfgsf] sfo{qmddf c;/ gkg]{ u/L pDd]bjf/sf] dgf]gog ;DaGwL sfo{qmd
19
 / pDd]bjf/sf] clGtd gfdfjnL k|sfzg ePkl5 d[To' ePsf]df dtbfg ug]{
ldlt nufot o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf] cGo sfo{qmd k'gM lgwf{/0f u/L
lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pDd]bjf/sf] d[To'
eO{ lgjf{rgsf] sfo{qmd :ylut ePsf]df bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf]
lgjf{rg sfo{qmddf n]lvP adf]lhdsf] sfd ;DkGg ug'{ kg]{ cjlw kGw|
lbgeGbf a9L ePdf k'gM csf]{ sfo{qmd k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{ 5}g / ;f]xL
sfo{qmdsf] ;dofjlwleq dtbfgsf] sfddf afwf gk'Ug] u/L pDd]bjf/sf]
dgf]gog ;DaGwL sfd k"/f ug'{ kg]{ u/L lgjf{rg sfo{qmd lgwf{/0f ug'{
kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgjf{rg sfo{qmd :ylut ePsf]df klxn]
dgf]gogkq k]z u/]sf] pDd]bjf/n] k'gM dgf]gogkq bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ 5}g /
h'g bnsf] pDd]bjf/sf] d[To' ePsf] xf] To:tf] bnsf] tk{maf6 dfq k'gM
pDd]bjf/ dgf]gog ug{ ;lsg]5 .
##= pDd]bjf/sf] kl/rokq M o; kl/R5]b adf]lhd clGtd gfdfjnLdf sfod
/x]sf] klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{tsf pDd]bjf/nfO{
lgjf{rg clws[tn] cfof]un] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] kl/rokq lbg]5 .

kl/R5]b–^
dtbfg s]Gb|, dtkq / dtk]l6sf
#$= dtbfg s]Gb| M -!_ cfof]un] lgjf{rgsf nflu cfjZos ;ª\Vofdf dtbfg
s]Gb| tyf pks]Gb| tf]Sg]5 .
-@_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] dtbfg s]Gb| jf pks]Gb|
yk36 ug{ cfjZos 7fg]df To;/L yk36 ug'{ kg]{ cfjZostf / cf}lrTo
;lxt cfof]udf n]vL k7fpg ;Sg]5 / cfof]un] To:tf] Joxf]/f dgfl;a
7fg]df dtbfg s]Gb| jf pks]Gb| yk36 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ lgjf{rg clws[tn]] cfjZos ePdf cfof]usf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{
;'ljwfhgs jf Jojxfl/s b[li6af6 dtbftfsf] kx'Fr x'g] 7fpFdf dtbfg s]Gb|
jf pks]Gb| ;fg{ ;Sg]5 .

20
 -$_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd dtbfg s]Gb| tyf pks]Gb|
tf]lsPsf], yk36 ul/Psf] jf ;fl/Psf] ;"rgf cfof]un] g]kfn /fhkqdf
k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ Pp6f dtbfg:ynsf] If]qleq cfjZostf cg';f/ Ps jf PseGbf
a9L dtbfg s]Gb|, pks]Gb| jf dtbfg sIfx? /xg ;Sg]5g\ .
-^_ dtbfg s]Gb|, pks]Gb| jf dtbfg sIf tf]Sg] cfwf/, k|lqmof / cGo
Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
#%= dtkq M -!_ cfof]un] klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tyf
;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t x'g] lgjf{rgsf nflu lgjf{rg lrXg
ePsf] dtkqsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] dtkqdf klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg
k|0ffnL tkm{ k|To]s pDd]bjf/ / ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{ lgjf{rg
k|of]hgsf] nflu cfof]udf btf{ ePsf bnsf nflu bkmf #! adf]lhd k|bfg
ul/Psf] lgjf{rg lrXg ;lxtsf] dtbfg ug]{ sf]7f x'g]5 .
-#_ dtkq ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
#^= dtk]l6sf M -!_ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tyf ;dfg'kflts
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cg'?k x'g] lgjf{rgdf dtbfgsf] nflu k|of]u x'g] u/L
cfof]un] dtk]l6sfsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ dtk]l6sf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd
x'g]5 .

kl/R5]b–&
dtbfg
#&= dtbfgsf] ;do M dtbfg x'g] ldltdf dtbfg ug]{ ;do bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -
@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgfdf tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
#*= dtbfg M -!_ lgjf{rg If]qsf] s'g} ufpFkflnsf jf gu/kflnsfsf] s'g} j8fsf]
dtbftf gfdfjnLdf gfd btf{ ePsf]] dtbftfn] ;f]xL ufpFkflnsf jf
gu/kflnsfsf] ;f]xL j8fsf] nflu lghnfO{ tf]lsPsf] dtbfg s]Gb|df dfq
dtbfg ug{ kfpg]5 .
21
 t/ c:yfoL dtbftfsf] xsdf cfof]un] 5'§} dtbfg s]Gb| tf]Sg
;Sg]5 .
-@_ dtbftfn] dtbfg ug{ tf]lsP adf]lhd dtkq lnO{ ;f]sf] nflu
/flvPsf] dtk]l6sfdf dtbfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ c:yfoL dtbftfn] tf]lsP adf]lhd ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL
cGtu{t x'g] lgjf{rgsf nflu dfq dtbfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ dtbftf gfdfjnLdf gfd btf{ ePsf]] dtbftfsf] gfdaf6 To:tf]
dtbftf afx]s cGo s'g} JolQmn] dtbfg ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-%_ s'g} klg dtbftfn] Pp6} lgjf{rgdf PseGbf a9L k6s jf
PseGbf a9L dtbfg s]Gb|df dtbfg ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-^_ s'g} klg dtbftfn] dtbfgsf] cjlwe/ cfkm"n] s;nfO{ dtbfg
u/]sf] xf] eGg] Joxf]/f s'g} klg dfWodaf6 s;}nfO{ klg k|s6 ug'{ xF'b}g .
#(= dtbfgsf] k|lqmof M -!_ dtbfg s]Gb|df dtbfgsf] nflu pkl:yt dtbftfnfO{
dtbfg clws[tn] tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] /Lt k'¥ofO{ dtkq lbg]5 .
-@_ dtbftfnfO{ dtkq lbg'cl3 dtbfg clws[tn] dtbftf gfdfjnLdf
tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ;ª\s]t hgfO{ cfof]un] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhdsf] dtkq
lbg]5 .
-#_ dtbftfn] dtkqdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] 5fk jf lrXg uf]Ko tj/n]
nufO{ dtbfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ dtbftfn] klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t x'g]
lgjf{rgsf] xsdf dtkqdf cfkm"n] /f]h]sf] s'g} Ps hgf pDd]bjf/sf]] lrXg
ePsf] sf]7fdf / ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t x'g] lgjf{rgsf] xsdf
cfkm"n] /f]h]sf] s'g} Ps bnsf]] lgjf{rg lrXg ePsf] sf]7fdf pkbkmf -#_
adf]lhdsf] 5fk jf lrXg nufO{ tf]lsP adf]lhd dtbfg u/L dtk]l6sfdf
v;fpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg dtbfg ug]{
k|of]hgsf] nflu ljB'tLo pks/0f k|of]u ul/Psf] cj:yfdf dtbftfn] tf]lsP
adf]lhd ljB'tLo pks/0fåf/f dtbfg ug'{ kg]{5 .

22
$) gfd 9fF6L dtbfg ug{ cfPdf lj/f]w ug]{ M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] cfˆgf] gfd 9fF6L
csf]{ dtbftfsf] gfddf dtbfg ug{sf] nflu dtkq lng cfPdf pDd]bjf/,
lghsf]] k|ltlglw jf ;f]xL dtbfg s]Gb|sf] s'g} dtbftfn] Ps ;o ?k}ofF w/f}6L
/fvL dtbfg clws[t ;dIf lj/f]w ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lj/f]w ePdf dtbfg clws[tn] To;
;DaGwdf cfjZos s'/f a'emL tTsfn lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 / o;/L kg{ cfPsf]
lj/f]w / To;sf] lg0f{o cfof]un] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] lg0f{o lstfadf t'?Gt
hgfpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lj/f]w 7Ls 7x/]df dtbfg clws[tn] To:tf]
w/f}6L /sd ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ lkmtf{ lbg]5 / lj/f]w unt b]lvPdf To:tf]
w/f}6L /sd hkmt x'g]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lj/f]w 7Ls 7x/]df To;/L gfd 9fF6L dtbfg
ug{ cfpg] JolQmnfO{ dtbfg clws[tn] lgjf{rg s;"/ tyf ;hfo ;DaGwL
;ª\3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd hl/afgf ug]{5 .
$!= dtbfg s]Gb|df k|j]z M -!_ dtbfg clws[tn] dtbfg s]Gb|df b]xfosf JolQm
afx]s c? s;}nfO{ k|j]z ug{ lbg] 5}g M–
-s_ dtbftf,
-v_ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{sf] pDd]bjf/
jf lghsf]] Ps hgf lgjf{rg k|ltlglw jf dtbfg k|ltlglw,
-u_ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnLtk{m /fhgLlts bnsf] lgjf{rg
k|ltlglw jf dtbfg k|ltlglw,
-3_ cfof]uaf6 cg'dlt k|fKt ko{j]Ifs,
-ª_ cfof]u, lgjf{rg clws[t jf dtbfg clws[taf6 cg'dlt
kfPsf JolQm,
-r_ dtbftfsf] ;fydf /x]sf] a9Ldf kfFr jif{sf] afns,
-5_ b[li6ljxLg jf zf/Ll/s ?kn] czQm dtbftfsf] ;xof]usf]
nflu ;fydf cfPsf] Psf3/sf] kl/jf/sf] ;b:o .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg dtbfg s]Gb|sf]
;'/Iffy{ vl6Psf] ;'/IffsdL{ afx]s s'g} k|sf/sf] xltof/ ;fy lnPsf] JolQm
23
 jf dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg u/]sf] JolQmnfO{ dtbfg clws[tn] dtbfg s]Gb|df
k|j]z ug{ lbg] 5}g .
-#_ dtbfg s]Gb|df k|j]z ul/;s]sf dtbfg ug{ afFsL dtbftf afx]s
dtbfgsf] ;do ;dfKt ePkl5 cGo dtbftfn] dtbfg s]Gb|df k|j]z ug{ jf
ToxfF /xg kfpg] 5}gg\ .
$@= czQm dtbftf M b[li6ljxLg, zf/Ll/s czQmtf jf c? s'g} sf/0fjz s'g}
dtbftf cfkm}Fn] dt ;Í]t ug{ g;Sg] eO{ dt ;Í]t ug{] sfddf ;xof]u
k'¥ofpg cfˆgf] Psf3/sf] kl/jf/sf] ;b:onfO{ ;fydf n}hfg cg'dlt dfu]df
jf dt ;Í]t ug]{ sfddf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg dtbfg clws[tnfO{ cg'/f]w u/]df /
dtbfg clws[tnfO{ ;f] s'/f pko'Qm nfu]df lghsf] kl/ro v'Ng] k|df0fsf]
cfwf/df kl/jf/sf] To:tf] ;b:onfO{ dtbftfsf] ;fydf dt ;Í]t ug]{ :yfgdf
k|j]z ug{ cg'dlt lbg jf dtbfg clws[tn] dtbftfsf] OR5f cg';f/ lghsf]
dtkqdf dt ;Í]t ul/lbg ;Sg]5 .
$#= lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg] M s'g} dtbftf dt ;Í]t ug]{ :yfgdf dgfl;a ;doeGbf
a9L ;do;Dd a;]df jf dtbfg clws[tnfO{ s'g} zÍf nfu]df lghn] dt
;Í]t ug]{ :yfgdf k|j]z u/L lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
$$= dtk]l6sf gf]S;fg ePdf jf tf]8kmf]8 ul/Pdf M -!_ s'g} dtbfg s]Gb||df
dtbfgsf] nflu k|of]u ePsf] dtk]l6sf b'3{6gfjz gf]S;fg ePdf jf hfgfhfg
tf]8kmf]8 u/L gf]S;fg ul/Pdf dtbfg clws[tn] ;DalGwt lgjf{rg
clws[tnfO{ To; 36gfsf] k|ltj]bg t'?Gt lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePdf jf dtbfg clws[tn]
lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ a'emfO{ ;s]sf] dtbfgsf] nflu k|of]u ePsf] dtk]l6sf
s'g} lsl;dn] vf]l;Pdf, hfgfhfg tf]8kmf]8 u/L gf]S;fg ul/Pdf jf b'3{6gfjz
gf]S;fg ePdf lgjf{rg clws[tn] To:tf] dtbfg s]Gb|sf] dtbfg t'?Gt /2
u/L To;sf] k|ltj]bg cfof]udf lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd dtbfg /2 ul/Psf] dtbfg s]Gb|df lgjf{rg
clws[tn] k'gM dtbfg ug]{ ldlt / ;do tf]sL ;f]sf] ;"rgf To:tf] dtbfg
s]Gb|df t'?Gt k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .

24
$%= ljz]if kl/l:yltdf dtbfg :ylut ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ s'g} dtbfg s]Gb|df
x'nbËf nufot cGo c;fdfGo kl/l:ylt pTkGg eO{ jf s'g} sf/0fn]
ljB'tLo pks/0f ;~rfng x'g g;sL jf pkb|j jf k|fs[lts ljklQ jf sfa"
aflx/sf] s'g} sf/0fn] dtbfgsf] sfd x'g g;Sg] s'/fdf dtbfg clws[t
ljZj:t ePdf lghn] To:tf] dtbfg s]Gb|sf] dtbfg sfo{ tTsfn :ylut u/L
;f]sf] ;"rgf ;f]xL :yfgdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ dtbfg clws[tn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd dtbfg :ylut u/]sf]
;"rgf t'?Gt lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd dtbfg :ylut ePsf]] Joxf]/fsf] hfgsf/L
lgjf{rg clws[tn] t'?Gt cfof]unfO{ / d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ ;d]t lbg'
kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt u/]kl5 cfof]un] cGoyf
lgb]{zg lbPdf afx]s lgjf{rg clws[tn] To:tf] dtbfg s]Gb|df k'gM dtbfg
x'g] ldlt / ;do tf]sL ;f]sf] ;"rgf To:tf] dtbfg s]Gb|df t'?Gt k|sfzg
ug'{ kg]{5 .
$^= dtbfg s]Gb|sf] cglws[t sAhf M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf dtbfg s]Gb|sf]
cglws[t sAhf ePsf] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ s;}n] an k|of]u u/L jf 8/ qf; b]vfO{ jf wDsL lbO{
dtbfg s]Gb| jf dtbfg ug{ lglZrt ul/Psf] :yfg cfˆgf]
sAhfdf lnO{ dtbfgsf] sfo{df k|efj kf/]df jf s'g}
pDd]bjf/sf] ;dy{s dtbftfnfO{ dfq dtbfg ug{ lbPdf jf
cGo dtbftfnfO{ dtbfg ug{ glbPdf,
-v_ s;}n] dtbftfnfO{ s'g} pDd]bjf/sf] kIfdf dtbfg ug{ jf
gug{ 8/ qf; b]vfPdf jf wDsL lbPdf jf dtbfg ug{sf]
nflu af6f] jf uf}F8f 5]sL /f]s]df jf dtbfg s]Gb|df jf dtbfg
ug]{ :yfgdf hfg jf k|j]z ug{ glbPdf, jf
-u_ s;}n] dtbfg sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ vl6Psf] dtbfg clws[t
jf sd{rf/LnfO{ cfˆgf] st{Jo kfngf ug{ glbPdf jf lghsf]
lhDdfdf /x]sf] dtkq, dtk]l6sf jf dtbfg ;DaGwL ;fdu|L

25
 vf];]df jf cGo To:t} sfo{ u/L dtbfgsf] sfo{ lgikIf tyf
:jtGq ?kdf ;fdfGo 9Ën] ;~rfng gx'g] jf x'g g;Sg]
u/L k|efljt u/]df .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_ jf -u_ df plNnlvt s'g} k|sf/n]
dtbfg s]Gb|sf] cglws[t sAhf ePdf dtbfg clws[tn] tTsfn dtbfg
:ylut u/L To;sf] k|ltj]bg lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ / lgjf{rg clws[tn]
cfof]unfO{ t'?Gt lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePdf cfof]un] jf
cfof]uaf6 s'g} lgb]{zg k|fKt ePdf lgjf{rg clws[tn] cfof]usf] lgb]{zg
adf]lhd pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] 36gfsf] hfFr ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf] hfFrsf]
k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df cfof]un] jf cfof]usf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ lgjf{rg
clws[tn] To:tf] dtbfg s]Gb|sf] dtbfg /2 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd dtbfg /2 ePsf] dtbfg s]Gb|df lgjf{rg
clws[tn] k'gM dtbfg ug]{ ldlt / ;do tf]sL ;f]sf] ;"rgf To:tf] dtbfg
s]Gb|df ;d]t t'?Gt k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
$&= dtk]l6sf aGb ug]{ M dtbfg ;dfKt ePkl5 dtbfg clws[tn] dtbfg
ul/Psf] dtkq /flvPsf] dtk]l6sf cfof]un] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] /Lt k'¥ofO{ aGb
ug'{ kg]{5 .
$*= dtk]l6sf lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug]{ M dtbfg clws[tn] dtbfgsf]
nflu k|of]u ul/Psf] dtk]l6sf ;'/lIft ?kdf lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ x:tfGt/0f
ug'{ kg]]{5 .

kl/R5]b–*
dtu0fgf / lgjf{rg kl/0ffd
$(= lgjf{rg clws[tn] dtu0fgf ug{', u/fpg' kg]{ M lgjf{rg clws[tn] cfˆgf]
lgjf{rg If]qleq ePsf] lgjf{rgsf] dtu0fgfsf] sfd tf]lsP adf]lhd ug'{,
u/fpg' kg]{5 .

26
%)= dtu0fgfsf] ;"rgf M s'g} lgjf{rg If]qsf] lgjf{rgsf] nflu dtbfg ug{
lgwf{l/t ;a} dtbfg s]Gb|df dtbfgsf] sfo{ ;DkGg eO{ ;s]kl5 lgjf{rg
clws[tn] dtu0fgf ug]{ :yfg, ldlt / ;do tf]sL ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
%!= dtu0fgf M -!_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] bkmf %) adf]lhdsf] ;"rgfdf pNn]v
ul/Psf] :yfg, ldlt / ;dodf tf]lsP adf]lhd dtu0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] dtu0fgf ug]{ :yfg, ldlt / ;dodf
pDd]bjf/ jf lgjf{rg k|ltlglw jf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf dtu0fgf k|ltlglw
pkl:yt /xg ;Sg]5g\ .
-#_ o; P]g adf]lhd s'g} lgjf{rg If]qsf] s'g} dtbfg s]Gb|df k'gM
dtbfg ug'{ kg]{ ePdf To:tf] dtbfg s]Gb|sf] dtbfgsf] sfo{ ;dfKt geP;Dd
;f] lgjf{rg If]qsf] cGo dtbfg s]Gb|sf] dtu0fgf k|f/De ul/g] 5}g .
%@= dtu0fgf ug]{ :yfgdf k|j]z M -!_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] dtu0fgf ug]{ :yfgdf
b]xfosf JolQm afx]s c? s;}nfO{ k|j]z ug{ lbg] 5}g M–
-s_ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{sf pDd]bjf/ jf
lghsf]] Ps hgf lgjf{rg k|ltlglw jf dtu0fgf k|ltlglw,
-v_ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{ bnsf] Ps hgf lgjf{rg
k|ltlglw jf dtu0fgf k|ltlglw,
-u_ dtu0fgfsf] sfddf vl6Psf sd{rf/L,
-3_ cfof]uaf6 cg'udg jf cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu vl6Psf
kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L,
-ª_ cfof]uaf6 cg'dlt k|fKt ko{j]Ifs,
-r_ ;'/Iffsf] nflu vl6Psf sd{rf/L,
-5_ cfof]u jf lgjf{rg clws[taf6 cg'dlt kfPsf JolQm .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg dtu0fgf :ynsf]
;'/Iffy{ vl6Psf] ;'/IffsdL{ afx]s s'g} k|sf/sf] xltof/ ;fy lnPsf] JolQm
jf dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg u/]sf] JolQmnfO{ lgjf{rg clws[tn] dtu0fgf ug]{
:yfgdf k|j]z ug{ lbg] 5}g .
-#_ dtu0fgf ug]{ sfddf afwf k'¥ofpg] h'g;'s} JolQmnfO{ lgjf{rg
clws[tn] dtu0fgf ug]{ :yfgaf6 aflx/ hfg cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 / To:tf]
27
 cfb]z kfPsf] JolQmn] dtu0fgf ug]{ :yfgaf6 aflx/ hfg' kg]{5 . To:tf]
cfb]z kfngf gu/L c6]/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ lgjf{rg clws[tsf] cfb]z adf]lhd
;'/IffsdL{n] To:tf] :yfgaf6 aflx/ k7fpg]5 .
%#= dtu0fgf nuftf/ ug]{ M -!_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] dtu0fgf k|f/De u/]kl5
dtu0fgf ;dfKt geP;Dd To:tf] dtu0fgfsf] sfd nuftf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ sfa" aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt k/L dtu0fgfsf] sfd aLr}df /f]Sg' k/]df
lgjf{rg clws[tn] u0fgf ul/;s]sf dtkqx?, dtu0fgf clen]v, dtu0fgf
ug{ afFsL /x]sf dtkqx? / dtu0fgf ug{ afFsL dtk]l6sfx?sf] nut ;d]t
cnu–cnu vfd, y}nf] jf af]/fdf aGb u/L cfˆgf] nfxf5fk nufpg' kg]{5 .
To:tf] vfd, y}nf] jf af]/fdf pDd]bjf/, lgjf{rg k|ltlglw jf dtu0fgf
k|ltlglwn] ;d]t cfˆgf] nfxf5fk nufpg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd /f]lsPsf] dtu0fgfsf] sfd
oyfzSo l56f] k'gM k|f/De ug'{ kg]{5 . lgjf{rg clws[tn] o;/L dtu0fgf
k'gM k|f/De x'g] ;"rgf To:tf] :yfgdf pkl:yt pDd]bjf/, lgjf{rg k|ltlglw jf
dtu0fgf k|ltlglwnfO{ lbO{ dtu0fgf ug]{ :yfgdf ;d]t k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ s'g} pDd]bjf/, pDd]bjf/sf] k|ltlglw jf bnsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt x'g
gcfPsf] sf/0fn] dtu0fgf ug]{ sfddf afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
%$= dtu0fgf k"/f x'g'cl3 dtkq gf]S;fg ePdf M -!_ dtu0fgf k"/f x'g'eGbf
klxn] s'g} dtbfg s]Gb|df k|of]u ul/Psf] dtkq jf dtkq /x]sf] dtk]l6sf
lgjf{rg clws[tsf] lgoGq0faf6 u}/sfg"gL tj/n] cGoq nluPdf, vf]lnPdf,
gf]S;fg ul/Pdf, tf]8kmf]8 ul/Pdf, x/fPdf jf b'3{6gfjz gf]S;fg ePdf
lgjf{rg clws[tn] dtu0fgfsf] sfd :ylut u/L To;sf] k|ltj]bg cfof]unfO{
t'?Gt lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePdf cfof]un] To:tf]
36gfsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} hfFra'em ug'{ kg]{ 7x¥ofPdf cfof]usf] cfo'Qm jf
cg'udg 6f]nL v6fO{ hfFra'em u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ cfof]un] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg jf pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd
hfFra'em ug{ v6fOPsf] cfo'Qm jf cg'udg 6f]nLsf] k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df
To:tf] dtkq jf dtk]l6sf lgjf{rg clws[tsf] lgoGq0faf6 u}/ sfg"gL ?kdf
cGoq nluPsf], vf]lnPsf], gf]S;fg ul/Psf], tf]8kmf]8 ul/Psf], x/fPsf] jf
28
 b'3{6gfjz gf]S;fg ePsf] / ;f]sf] sf/0f dtu0fgf ;'rf? ug{ g;lsg]
7x¥ofPdf To:tf] sfo{af6 c;/ k/]sf dtbfg s]Gb|sf] ;Dk"0f{ dtkqx? cj}w
3f]lift u/L dtbfg /2 ug]{5 .
-$_ cfof]uaf6 pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd dtbfg /2 ul/Psf] dtbfg s]Gb|df
lgjf{rg clws[tn] k'gM dtbfg x'g] :yfg, ldlt / ;do tf]sL ;f]sf] ;"rgf
dtbfg s]Gb|df t'?Gt k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
%%= dtu0fgf :ynsf] cglws[t sAhf M -!_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf dtu0fgf :ynsf]
cglws[t sAhf ePsf]] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ s;}n] an k|of]u u/L jf 8/ qf; b]vfO{ jf wDsL lbO{
dtu0fgf :ynnfO{ cfˆgf] sAhfdf lnO{ dtu0fgfsf] sfo{df
k|efj kf/]df,
-v_ s;}n] an k|of]u u/L jf gu/L dtu0fgf sfo{df vl6Psf]
lgjf{rg clws[t jf sd{rf/LnfO{ cfˆgf] st{Jo kfngf ug{
glbPdf jf lghsf] lhDdfdf /x]sf] dtkq, dtk]l6sf, dtbfgsf]
nflu k|of]u ePsf] ljB'tLo pks/0f jf dtu0fgf ;DaGwL
cGo ;fdu|L vf];]df jf cGo To:t} sfo{ u/L dtu0fgfsf]
sfo{ lgikIf tyf :jtGq ?kdf ;fdfGo 9Ën] ;~rfng gx'g]
jf x'g g;Sg] u/L k|efljt u/]df, jf
-u_ dtu0fgfsf] sfo{df ;+nUg /x]sf] s'g} JolQmn] v08 -s_ jf -
v_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ u/]df jf To:tf] sfo{ ug{ ;xof]u
k'¥ofPdf jf cg'dlt lbPdf .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd dtu0fgf :ynsf] cglws[t sAhf ePdf
lgjf{rg clws[tn] dtu0fgfsf] sfo{ tTsfn :ylut u/L To;sf] k|ltj]bg
cfof]unfO{ t'?Gt lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePdf cfof]un] To:tf]
36gfsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} hfFra'em ug'{ kg]{ 7x¥ofPdf cfof]usf] cfo'Qm jf
cg'udg 6f]nL v6fO{ hfFra'em u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-$_ cfof]un] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df jf pkbkmf -
#_ adf]lhd hfFra'em ug{ v6fOPsf] cfo'Qm jf cg'udg 6f]nLsf] k|ltj]bgsf]

29
 cfwf/df To:tf] dtu0fgf :yn pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cglws[t tj/n] sAhf
ePsf]] 7x¥ofPdf To;/L sAhfaf6 c;/ k/]sf] dtbfg s]Gb|sf] ;Dk"0f{
dtkqx? cj}w 3f]lift u/L dtbfg /2 ug]{5 .
-%_ cfof]uaf6 pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd dtbfg /2 ul/Psf] dtbfg s]Gb|df
lgjf{rg clws[tn] k'gM dtbfg x'g] :yfg, ldlt / ;do tf]sL ;f]sf] ;"rgf
t'?Gt dtbfg s]Gb|df k|sfzg ug'{ kg]5{ .
%^= dtkq ab/ x'g] cj:yf M b]xfosf cj:yfdf dtkq ab/ x'g]5 M–
-s_ ;DalGwt dtbfg clws[tsf] b:tvt gePsf]],
-v_ cf}F7f5fk nufO{ jf bkmf #( sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] lrXg
jf 5fk afx]s cGo lrXg jf 5fk nufO{ dt ;Í]t ul/Psf],
-u_ dt ;Í]t lrXg ga'lemg] u/L ntkltPsf] jf RofltPsf],
-3_ pDd]bjf/sf] lgjf{rg lrXg /x]sf] sf]7fdf jf bnsf]] lgjf{rg
lrXg ePsf] sf]7fdf dt ;Í]t gu/L cGoq dt ;Í]t ul/Psf],
-ª_ PseGbf a9L pDd]bjf/ jf bnsf] lgjf{rg lrXg ePsf]
sf]7fdf 5'§f–5'§} dt ;Í]t ul/Psf],
-r_ PseGbf a9L pDd]bjf/ jf bnsf] lgjf{rg lrXg ePsf]
sf]7fdf dt ;Í]tsf] lrXg kg]{ u/L dt ;Í]t ul/Psf],
-5_ dt ;Í]t gu/L dtbfg clws[tnfO{ lkmtf{ lbOPsf],
-h_ s'g} klg pDd]bjf/ jf bnsf] lgjf{rg lrXgdf dt ;Í]t
gul/Psf],
-em_ cfof]uåf/f lgwf{l/t dtkq afx]s cGo dtkqåf/f dtbfg
ul/Psf],
-`_ dtk]l6sfeGbf aflx/ /flvPsf],
-6_ hfnL dtkq, jf
-7_ cfof]un] ab/ x'g] egL tf]s]sf] dtkq .
%&= bf]xf]¥ofO{ dtu0fgf M -!_ s'g} dtbfg s]Gb|sf] dtu0fgf ;dfKt gx'Fb} jf u0fgf
ul/Psf] dtkq l;naGbL x'g'eGbf klxn] ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t
ePsf] lgjf{rgsf] dtu0fgfsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} bnsf] lgjf{rg k|ltlglw jf
30
 dtu0fgf k|ltlglw / klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t ePsf]
lgjf{rgsf] dtu0fgfsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt lgjf{rg If]qsf] s'g} pDd]bjf/ jf
lghsf] lgjf{rg k|ltlglw jf dtu0fgf k|ltlglwn] s]xL jf ;a} dtkq bf]xf]¥ofO{
uGtL u/fO{ kfpF egL tTsfn lgjf{rg clws[t ;dIf sf/0f ;lxt lnlvt
lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg kg{ cfPdf lgjf{rg clws[tn] ;f]
lgj]bg tTsfn} btf{ u/L bf]xf]¥ofO{ dtu0fgf ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPdf bf]xf]¥ofO{
dtu0fgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd bf]xf]¥ofO{ dtu0fgf ug'{ gkg]{ ePdf lgjf{rg
clws[tn] ;f]xL Joxf]/fsf] lg0f{o u/L To:tf] :yfgdf pkl:yt /x]sf ;DalGwt
pDd]bjf/, lgjf{rg k|ltlglw jf dtu0fgf k|ltlglwnfO{ lgjf{rg kl/0ffdsf]
3f]if0ff ug'{eGbf klxn] To:tf] lg0f{osf] ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .
%*= klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg kl/0ffdsf] k|sfzg M -!_ klxnf] x'g]
lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{tsf] s'g} lgjf{rg If]qdf dtbfg ePsf]
;a} dtbfg s]Gb|x?sf] dtu0fgfsf] sfo{ k"/f eO;s]kl5 lgjf{rg clws[tn]
dtu0fgfsf] tflnsf tof/ u/L tf]lsP adf]lhd lgjf{rg kl/0ffd k|sfzg ug]{5
/ ;f] kl/0ffd tflnsfsf] Ps k|lt t'?Gt cfof]udf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffd
k|sflzt ubf{ ;a}eGbf a9L ;b/ dt kfpg] pDd]bjf/ lgjf{lrt ePsf]] 3f]if0ff
u/L To:tf] pDd]jf/nfO{ cfof]un] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] k|df0fkq lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgjf{rg clws[tn] lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffd k|sfzg
ul/;s]kl5 lgjf{rg ;DaGwL tf]lsP adf]lhdsf ljj/0fx? ePsf]] k|ltj]bg
tof/ u/L d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[t ;dIf / d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[tn] cfof]udf
oyfzL3| k7fpg' kg]{5 .
%(= dt a/fa/ ePdf uf]nf xfnL lg0f{o ug]{ M klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg
k|0ffnL cGtu{t ePsf] lgjf{rgdf s'g} lgjf{rg If]qdf dtbfg ePsf] ;a}
dtkqsf] dtu0fgfsf] sfd k"/f eO;s]kl5 b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L pDd]bjf/n]
k|fKt u/]sf] ;b/ dt a/fa/ eO{ lgjf{lrt pDd]bjf/ 5'6\ofpg g;lsg] ePdf
lgjf{rg clws[tn] a/fa/ dt k|fKt ug]{ pDd]bjf/sf] aLr uf]nf xfnL lg0f{o

31
 ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L uf]nfåf/f 5flgPsf] pDd]bjf/n] Ps dt a9L k|fKt u/]sf]
dflgg]5 .
^)= ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffdsf] 3f]if0ff M -!_ lgjf{rg clws[tn]
;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t x'g] lgjf{rgsf] nflu v;]sf] dtkqsf]
u0fgf u/L k|To]s bnn] k|fKt u/]sf] s"n ;b/ dt ;ª\Vofsf] ljj/0f
cfof]un] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] tflnsfdf v'nfO{ t'?Gt cfof]udf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;a} lgjf{rg If]qaf6 cfof]un] ljj/0f k|fKt
ul/;s]kl5 cfof]un] bnn] k|fKt u/]sf] s"n ;b/ dt ;ª\Vofsf] cg'kftdf
cg';"rL–@ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] dt kl/0ffd ljefhs ;"qsf] cfwf/df
lgjf{lrt x'g] ;ª\Vof lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd bnx?n] k|fKt u/]sf] s"n ;b/ dtnfO{ efu
u/L bnn] k|fKt ug]{ ;L6 ;ª\Vof afF8kmfF6 ubf{ s'g} ;L6sf ;DaGwdf
PseGbf a9L bnsf] a/fa/ efukmn x'g cfPdf cfof]un] uf]nf xfnL ;f]
;L6 s'g bnn] k|fKt ug]{ xf] ;f] s'/fsf] lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd bnn] k|fKt ug]{ ;L6 ;ª\Vof lgwf{/0f
u/]kl5 cfof]un] To:tf] bnsf] tk{maf6 ;ª\3Lo ;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ s"n
;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] t]QL; k|ltzt dlxnfsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L ;dfg'kflts
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{af6 lgjf{lrt ug'{kg]{ dlxnfsf] ;ª\Vof ;d]t olsg u/L
;DalGwt bnnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;ª\3Lo ;+;bÆ eGgfn]
;+ljwfgsf] wf/f *$ adf]lhd u7g x'g] k|ltlglw ;ef / wf/f *^ adf]lhd
u7g x'g] /fli6«o ;ef ;Demg' k5{ .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt u/]kl5 bnn] ;f] bnsf]
s]Gb|Lo sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldlt jf ;f] ;/xsf] ;ldltsf] lg0f{oaf6 lgjf{lrt x'g]
pDd]bjf/sf] 5gf}6 u/L To;/L 5gf}6 ePsf pDd]bjf/sf] ;"rL cfof]un]
tf]s]sf] ;doleq cfof]u ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd bnn] ;"rL k]z ubf{ hg;ª\Vof / ;f] bnn]
k|fKt u/]sf] l;6 ;ª\Vofsf] cfwf/df cg';"rL–! df tf]lsPsf] k|ltzt cg'?k
blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, v; cfo{, dw]zL, yf? tyf d'l:ndsf] k|ltlglwTj
x'g] u/L oyf;Dej aGb;"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z ePsf] qmd cg';f/ ;"rL k]z ug'{
32
 kg]{5 . To:tf] ;"rLdf oyf;Dej lk5l8Psf] If]q tyf ckfËtf ePsf]
JolQmsf] ;d]t k|ltlglwTj u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd bnn] k]z ug]{ lgjf{lrt pDd]bjf/sf]
gfdfjnLdf ;DalGwt ;d"xsf] ;ª\Vof k"0ff{Í geO{ 3tfÍ /x]sf] cj:yfdf
;DalGwt bnn] cfk"mn] k|fKt u/]sf] l;6 ;ª\Vofdf ga9\g] u/L To:tf]
3tfª\s ;ª\VofeGbf l7sd'lgsf] k"0ff{ª\s jf l7sdflysf] k"0ff{Í ;ª\Vofdf gfd
/fvL k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-*_ pkbkmf -^_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;dfg'kflts
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] s"n ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] bz k|ltzteGbf
sd ;L6 k|fKt ug]{ bnn] sDtLdf Ps ltxfO{ dlxnf lgjf{lrt x'g] u/L
oyf;Dej cGo ;dfj]zL cfwf/ ;d]t ldnfO{ lgjf{lrt x'g] pDd]bjf/sf] ;"rL
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-(_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd ;DalGwt bnn] k]z u/]sf] pDd]bjf/sf]
gfdfjnLsf] ;"rL k|fKt ePkl5 cfof]un] ;f] ;"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z ePsf
pDd]bjf/x? lgjf{lrt ePsf] 3f]if0ff ug]{5 .
-!)_ pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhd lgjf{lrt ePsf] pDd]bjf/sf] gfd cfof]un]
/fi6«klt ;dIf k7fO{ ;f] gfdfjnL g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!!_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;dfg'kflts
lgjf{rg k|0ffnLtkm{sf] s"n ;b/ dtsf] tLg k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L dt k|fKt
ug]{ bnsf] tkm{af6 dfq pDd]bjf/ lgjf{lrt x'g]5 .
-!@_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd bnx?n] k|fKt u/]sf] s"n ;b/ dt u0fgf
ubf{ tLg k|ltzteGbf sd dt k|fKt ug]{ bnn] k|fKt u/]sf] dt bnn] k|fKt
u/]sf] s"n dtdf u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .
^!= lgjf{lrt ldlt M -!_ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t ePsf]
lgjf{rgsf] ;DaGwdf lgjf{rg clws[tn] bkmf %* adf]lhd lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffd
k|sfzg u/]sf] ldltnfO{ ;DalGwt pDd]bjf/ lgjf{lrt ePsf] ldlt dflgg]5 .
-@_ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t ePsf] lgjf{rgsf] ;DaGwdf
cfof]un] bkmf ^) adf]lhd pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rLdf gfd /x]sf /fhgLlts

33
 bnsf] pDd]bjf/ lgjf{lrt ePsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ldltnfO{ To:tf pDd]bjf/
lgjf{lrt ePsf] ldlt dflgg]5 .
^@= lgjf{rg kl/0ffd k]z ug]{ M cfof]un] klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL
/ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{sf] lgjf{rg kl/0ffd ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg
lgjf{rgsf] glthf 3f]if0ff ePsf] ;ft lbgleq /fi6«klt ;dIf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

kl/R5]b–(
pDd]b\jf/ tyf bnsf] k|ltlglw
^#= lgjf{rg k|ltlglw M -!_ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{sf] s'g}
pDd]b\jf/n] s'g} dtbftfnfO{ lgjf{rgsf] nflu cfˆgf] lgjf{rg k|ltlglw lgo'Qm
u/]df ;f]sf] lnlvt ;"rgf lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t x'g] lgjf{rgsf ;DaGwdf
bnsf] tkm{af6 ug'{ kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ sfd sf/afxL ug{ bnn] tf]lsP adf]lhd
cfˆgf] lgjf{rg k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf]] lgjf{rg k|ltlglwnfO{
pDd]bjf/ jf bnn] h'g;'s} avt ab/ u/L csf]{ lgjf{rg k|ltlglw lgo'Qm
ug{ ;Sg]5 / To;/L csf]{ lgjf{rg k|ltlglw lgo'Qm u/]sf] lnlvt ;"rgf
;DalGwt lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ t'?Gt lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ lgjf{rg k|ltlglwsf] of]Uotf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
^$= lgjf{rg k|ltlglwsf] st{Jo M of] P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgoddf
lgjf{rg k|ltlglwn] ug'{kg]{ egL pNn]v u/] adf]lhdsf] sfd ug'{ bkmf ^#
adf]lhd lgo'Qm lgjf{rg k|ltlglwsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
^%= dtbfg k|ltlglw / dtu0fgf k|ltlglw M -!_ pDd]bjf/ jf lgjf{rg k|ltlglwn]
k|To]s dtbfg s]Gb|sf] nflu tf]lsP adf]lhd dtbfg k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ug{
;Sg]5 / To;/L dtbfg k|ltlglw lgo'Qm u/]sf] lnlvt ;"rgf dtbfg
clws[t / lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pDd]bjf/ jf lgjf{rg k|ltlglwn] dtu0fgf :yndf pkl:yt /xg
tf]lsP adf]lhd dtu0fgf k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 / To;/L dtu0fgf
k|ltlglw lgo'Qm u/]sf] lnlvt ;"rgf lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
34
 -#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf]] dtbfg k|ltlglwnfO{
pDd]bjf/ jf lgjf{rg k|ltlglwn] h'g;'s} avt ab/ u/L csf]{ dtbfg
k|ltlglw jf dtu0fgf k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd csf]{ dtbfg k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ul/Psf]df
dtbfg clws[tnfO{ / csf]{ dtu0fgf k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ul/Psf]df lgjf{rg
clws[tnfO{ t'?Gt hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
-%_ dtbfg k|ltlglw / dtu0fgf k|ltlglwsf] ;ª\Vof / of]Uotf tf]lsP
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
^^= dtbfg k|ltlglw / dtu0fgf k|ltlglwsf] st{Jo M of] P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t
ag]sf] lgod adf]lhd dtbfg k|ltlglw / dtu0fgf k|ltlglwn] ug'{ kg]{ egL
pNn]v ePsf sfd ug'{ bkmf ^% adf]lhd lgo'Qm dtbfg k|ltlglw / dtu0fgf
k|ltlglwsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
^&= pDd]bjf/ jf s'g} k|ltlglw cg'kl:yt /x]df M of] P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t
ag]sf] lgod adf]lhd lgjf{rg k|ltlglw, dtbfg k|ltlglw jf dtu0fgf k|ltlglw
lgo'Qm gePdf jf pDd]bjf/, lghsf] s'g} k|ltlglw jf bnsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt
/xg' kg]{ cj:yfdf pkl:yt g/x]df jf lghx?dWo] s;}n] ug'{ kg]{ sfd
gu/]df ;f]xL sf/0fn] dfq dtbfg jf dtu0fgfsf] sfd /f]lsg] 5}g / To:tf]
sfd sfg"g adf]lhd ePsf] dflgg]5 .

kl/R5]b–!)
ljljw
^*= pklgjf{rg M bkmf ^ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg klxnf] x'g]
lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t lgjf{lrt s'g} ;b:osf] kb k|ltlglw
;efsf] cjlw 5 dlxgfeGbf a9L sfod /xFb} s'g} sf/0fn] l/Qm ePdf
cfof]un] tf]s]sf] ldltdf To:tf] l/Qm ;b:osf] kb pklgjf{rgåf/f k"lt{ ul/g]5
.
^(= lgljbf dtkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ s;}n] csf]{ dtbftfsf] gfdaf6 dtkq
lnO;s]sf] jf dtbfg ul/;s]sf] / kl5af6 dtbfg ug{ cfpg] JolQm g}
jf:tljs dtbftf xf] eGg] s'/f lghn] k]z u/]sf] k|df0faf6 olsg ePdf

35
 dtbfg clws[tn] To:tf] dtbftfnfO{ lgljbf dtkq
lbg]5 . To:tf] lgljbf dtkq lbPsf]df ;f] dtkqdf dtbftfn] cfˆgf] dt
;Í]t ul/;s]kl5 To:tf] dtkq dtk]l6sfdf gxfnL ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu
/flvPsf] 5'§} vfddf /fVg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgljbf dtkq lbg], /fVg] / tt\;DaGwL cGo
sfo{ljlw tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ o; P]g adf]lhd dtu0fgf ubf{ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd 5'§} vfddf
/flvPsf lgljbf dtkqx? ;f] ;dodf u0fgf ul/g] 5}g . lgjf{rg ;DaGwL
ph'/L kg{ cfO{ ;f] ph'/Lsf] lg0f{o ug{sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ egL cbfntn]
7x/ u/]df To:tf] lgljbf dtkqx? ;d]t u0fgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
&)= w/f}6L /fVg' kg]{ M -!_ pDd]bjf/n] klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg
k|0ffnL cGtu{t x'g] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ x'gsf] nflu bz xhf/ ?k}ofF
;DalGwt lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{nodf / ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL
cGtu{t x'g] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL k]z ug]{ bnn] krf; xhf/
?k}ofF cfof]u ;dIf w/f}6L /fVg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg klxnf] x'g]
lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{ dlxnf / blnt jf cNk;ª\Vos ;d'bfo
jf cfly{s ?kn] ljkGg pDd]bjf/sf] xsdf ;f] w/f}6L /sddf krf; k|ltzt
5'6 x'g]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu æcfly{s ?kn] ljkGg
JolQmÆ eGgfn] jflif{s kfl/jfl/s cfo krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFeGbf sd ePsf]
egL ;DalGwt :yfgLo txn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] JolQm ;Demg' k5{ .
-#_ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t x'g] lgjf{rgdf
Pp6} pDd]bjf/sf] lgldQ PseGbf a9L dgf]gogkq bflvnf ePsf]] cj:yfdf
Pp6f dgf]gogsf] nflu dfq w/f}6L /fv] k'Ug]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd w/f}6L /fVbf pDd]jf/ jf bnn] gub} ?kdf
bflvnf ug{ jf a}Ídf gub w/f}6L /fv]sf] /l;b k]z ug{
;Sg]5 .

36
&!= w/f}6L hkmt x'g] M -!_ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{tsf]
s'g} lgjf{rgdf dtbfg ul/Psf] hDdf ;b/ dtsf] bz k|ltzteGbf sd ;b/
dt kfpg] pDd]bjf/sf] w/f}6L hkmt x'g]5 .
t/ lgjf{lrt pDd]bjf/sf] xsdf of] s'/f nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-@_ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{tsf] lgjf{rgdf s'g} bnn]
sDtLdf Ps ;L6 k|fKt gu/]df To:tf] bnn] /fv]sf] w/f}6L hkmt
x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd w/f}6L hkmt x'g] cj:yfdf afx]s
cGo pDd]bjf/ / dgf]gogkq :jLs[t gePsf] jf gfd lkmtf{ lnPsf JolQmn]
/fv]sf] w/f}6L ;f] lgjf{rg kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ePsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf leq
;DalGwt JolQm jf bnn] lkmtf{ lng' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq w/f}6L lkmtf{ glnPdf ;f] w/f}6Lsf]
/sd ;ª\3Lo ;l~rt sf]ifdf bflvnf x'g]5 .
&@= lgjf{rg k|rf/ k|;f/ vr{ M -!_ klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL
cGtu{t x'g] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/n] / ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cGtu{t
x'g] lgjf{rgdf bnn] vr{ ug{ kfpg] /sdsf] xb cfof]un] g]kfn /fhkqdf
;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ bn, pDd]bjf/ jf ltgsf] lgjf{rg k|ltlglwn] lgjf{rgsf] cjlwdf
lgjf{rgdf ePsf]] ;Dk"0f{ vr{sf] ljj/0f cfof]un] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfdf tf]lsP
adf]lhd /fVg' kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ælgjf{rgsf] cjlwÆ eGgfn]
s'g} lgjf{rg If]qdf pDd]bjf/sf] dgf]gogkq jf ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rgsf nflu
pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rL btf{ ePsf]] ldltb]lv To:tf]] lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff
ePsf]] ldlt;Ddsf] cjlw ;Demg' k5{ .
-#_ s'g} bn jf pDd]bjf/n] lgjf{rgdf u/]sf] hDdf vr{ pkbkmf -!_
adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] vr{sf] /sdsf] xbeGbf a9L x'g' x'Fb}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] lgjf{rg vr{sf] ljj/0f bn, pDd]bjf/ jf
ltgsf k|ltlglwn] lgjf{rg kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ePsf] ldltn] k}FtL; lbgleq cfof]u
jf cfof]un] tf]s]sf] sfof{no ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g]

37
 lgjf{rg k|0ffnL tkm{sf] vr{sf] ljj/0f To:tf] sfof{nodf k]z u/]df k|fKt
ePsf] vr{sf] ljj/0f ;DalGwt sfof{non] cfof]udf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd lgjf{rg k|rf/ k|;f/ vr{sf] ljj/0f tf]lsPsf]
;doleq ga'emfpg] bn jf pDd]bjf/nfO{ cfof]un] lgjf{rg cfof]u ;DaGwL
;ª\3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd hl/afgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
&#= lgjf{rg ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] uf]Kotf M -!_ lgjf{rgdf k|of]u ePsf] sfuhft
jf ljB'tLo pks/0faf6 dtbfg ePsf]df To:tf] clen]vdWo] dtu0fgfsf]
k|of]hgsf] nflu cfjZostf cg';f/ vf]nL x]/L dtu0fgfsf] sfd ;dfKt
ePkl5 l;naGbL u/L tf]lsPsf] clwsf/Lsf] lhDdfdf /flvg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] l;naGbL dtkqsf] cws§L, dtbfgdf
k|of]u ul/Psf] dtbftf gfdfjnL / l;naGbL ul/Psf] ;b/ tyf ab/ ePsf]]
dtkqx? k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] l;nl;nfdf cbfntn] dfq
vf]Ng / x]g{ ;Sg]5 . cbfnt afx]s cGo s'g} clwsf/L jf lgsfonfO{
To:tf] l;naGbL vfd, y}nf] jf af]/f vf]nL x]g]{ clwsf/ x'g] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd cbfntn] vf]nL x]l/;s]kl5 cbfntn] tL
sfuhft jf clen]v oyf?kdf l;naGbL u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
-$_ o; bkmfdf plNnlvt sfuhft jf clen]v d'2f k/]sf]df d'2fsf]
clGtd 6'Ëf] nfu]sf] ldltn] / d'2f gk/]sf]df ph'/L ug]{ Dofb e'Qmfg ePsf]]
ldltn] tLg dlxgf;Dd ;'/lIft /fVg' kg]{5 .
&$= uf]Kotf eË ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ kfPsf]df afx]s lgjf{rg
;DaGwL sfd ug{ vl6Psf] s'g} klg sd{rf/L, pDd]bjf/, lgjf{rg k|ltlglw,
dtbfg k|ltlglw, dtu0fgf k|ltlglw jf cGo s'g} JolQmn] dtkqdf dtbftfn]
;Í]t u/]sf] dt jf tt\;DaGwdf cfkm"nfO{ hfgsf/L /x]sf] jf x'g cfPsf]
cGo s'g} s'/f s;}nfO{ eGg, n]Vg, k|s6 ug{ jf k|sfz ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ of] P]g jf cGo k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg o; P]g cGtu{t rn]sf] sfg"gL sf/afxLdf s'g} klg ;fIfL jf s'g}
JolQmnfO{ lgjf{rgdf lghn] s;nfO{ dt lbPsf] xf] egL jf s;n] s;nfO{
dt lbPsf] xf] egL k|Zg ul/g] 5}g .

38
&%= ;b:osf] zky M -!_ ;b:on] k|ltlglw ;ef jf To;sf] s'g} ;ldltsf] a}7sdf
efu lng'cl3 k|ltlglw ;efsf] cWoIftf ug]{ JolQm ;dIf cg';"rL–#
adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf zky lng' kg]{5 .
t/ ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f (! sf] pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhdsf] ;b:on] /fi6«klt
;dIf zky lng' kg]{5 .
-@_ s'g} ;b:on] cfˆgf] dft[efiffdf zky lng rfx]df To:tf] ;b:on]
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] zkysf] Joxf]/f cfˆgf] dft[efiffdf cg'jfb u/L ;f]
cg'jfbsf] k|lt k|ltlglw ;ef jf To;sf] s'g} ;ldltsf] klxnf] a}7sdf efu
lng' tLg lbg cufj} ;ª\3Lo ;+;b ;lrjfnonfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ o; bkmf adf]lhd ;b:on] zky lnP kl5 cfkm"n] lnPsf]
zkysf] k|ltdf x:tfIf/ u/L k|ltlglw;efsf] cWoIftf ug]{ JolQm ;dIf k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ s'g} ;b:on] cfˆgf] dft[efiffdf zky lnPsf]df ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf]
g]kfnL efiff / cGo g]kfnL dft[efiffsf] zkysf] k|ltx?df x:tfIf/ u/L
k|ltlglw ;efsf] cWoIftf ug]{ JolQm ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd ;b:on] lnPsf] zkysf] clen]v ;ª\3Lo ;+;b
;lrjfnon] /fVg]5 .
&^= cfb]z hf/L ug]{ / lgb]{zg lbg] M -!_ of] P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf]
lgodsf]] cwLgdf /xL cfof]un] cfjZos cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf]
cfb]z g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ cfof]un] lgjf{rg ;~rfngsf] nflu lgjf{rgsf] sfddf vl6Psf
sd{rf/LnfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ o; bkmf adf]lhd cfof]un] hf/L u/]sf] cfb]z / lgb]{zg kfngf
ug'{ g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/, :yfgLo tx, ;/sf/L sfof{no tyf lgsfo,
;/sf/L, cw{;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf tyf lgsfo, bn, pDd]bjf/, lghsf]
k|ltlglw, lgjf{rg ;DaGwL sfd sf/afxLsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{ JolQm tyf
lgjf{rgsf] sfddf vl6Psf sd{rf/L ;d]tsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
&&= d2t lng ;lsg] M -!_ lgjf{rg clws[t, dtbfg clws[t jf cfof]un]
lgjf{rgsf] sfddf v6fPsf] cg'udg 6f]nL, ko{j]Ifs jf cGo s'g} clws[tn]

39
 lgjf{rgsf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} klg ;/sf/L jf ;'/Iff lgsfosf] d2t
lng ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd d2t dfluPdf cfjZos d2t k'¥ofpg'
;DalGwt ;a}sf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
&*= sf/afxL ug{ ;Sg] M s'g} lgjf{rg clws[tn] ;+ljwfg, lgjf{rg ;DaGwL sfg"g
tyf cfof]un] lbPsf] lgb]{zg ljk/Lt sfo{ u/]df cfof]un] To:tf] lgjf{rg
clws[tsf] lgo'lQm ab/ u/L csf]{ lgjf{rg clws[t lgo'Qm ug{ jf ljefuLo
sf/afxLsf] nflu ;DalGwt lgsfodf n]vL k7fpg
;Sg]5 .
&(= lgod agfpg] clwsf/ M cfof]un] of] P]g sfof{Gjogsf] nflu cfjZos lgod
agfpg ;Sg]5 .
*)= lgb]{lzsf jf sfo{ljlw agfO{ nfu" ug{ ;Sg] M cfof]un] of] P]g jf o; P]g
cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodsf] cwLgdf /xL cfjZos lgb]{lzsf jf sfo{ljlw agfO{
nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5 .
*!= vf/]hL M b]xfosf P]gx? vf/]h ul/Psf 5g\ M–
-s_ ;+ljwfg ;ef cbfnt P]g, @)^$,
-v_ ;+ljwfg ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg P]g, @)&) .

40
 cg';"rL–!
-bkmf @* sf] pkbkmf -%_ / bkmf ^) sf] pkbkmf -^_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
pDd]bjf/sf] aGb;"rLsf] nflu ;dfj]zL cfwf/
qm=;+= k|ltlglwTj x'g] ;d"x k|ltzt
1. blnt 13.8
2. cflbjf;L hghflt 28.7
3. v; cfo{ 31.2
4. dw]zL 15.3
5. yf? 6.6
6. d'l:nd 4.4

41
 cg';"rL–@
-bkmf ^) sf] pkbkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
dt kl/0ffd ljefhs z'q
dt kl/0ffd ljefhs ;"q cg';f/ k|To]s bnsf] nflu v;]sf] dtnfO{ efu
ug]{ k2ltn] >[ª\vnfj4 ?kdf efu ul/g]5 . o; cg';f/ k|To]s bnn] k|fKt
u/]sf] dt kl/0ffdnfO{ w]/} efhsx?n] efu ul/G5 -pbfx/0f M !, #, %, &, ( cflb_
To;/L efu k|fKt x'g] glthfnfO{ bnsf] efukmn -Sof];]G6_
elgG5 . efukmn k|fKt ePkl5 ;L6 ;ª\Vofx? 7"nf] efukmnaf6 ;fgf]nfO{
afF8kmfF6 ub}{ ;L6 g;lsFbf;Dd afF8kmfF6 ul/g]5 . o;/L afF8kmfF6 ubf{ s'g} bnn]
hlt;'s} dt k|fKt u/]sf] eP tfklg To:tf] bnn] ;"rLdf ;"rLs[t u/]sf] pDd]bjf/
;ª\Vofdf ;Lldt /xL To:tf] bnn] k|fKt ug]{ ;L6sf] afF8kmfF6
ul/g]5 .

42
 cg';"rL–#
-bkmf &% sf] pkbkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
zkysf] 9fFrf
d -;DalGwt ;b:osf] k"/f gfd_ ================================== d'n's / hgtfk|lt k"0f{ akmfbf/
/xL ;Tolgi7fk"j{s k|lt1f u5'{÷O{Zj/sf] gfddf zky lnG5' ls g]kfnsf]
;fj{ef}d;Qf / /fhsLo;Qf g]kfnL hgtfdf /x]sf] g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgk|lt k"0f{ jkmfbf/
/xFb} k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;b:o kbsf] sfdsfh k|rlnt sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL d'n's
/ hgtfsf] ;f]emf] lrtfO{, s;}sf] 8/ gdfgL, kIfkft gu/L, k"jf{u|x jf v/fa efjgf
glnO{ kbLo uf]kgLotf sfod /fvL O{dfGbf/Lsf ;fy ug]{5' .

ldlt M– b:tvt M–
gfd, y/ M–

Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;Djt\ @)&$ ;fn efb| !( ut] a;]sf] a}7sn] g]kfnsf]

43