1593881065hamro Ban Report-20751

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d]?b08sf] ?kdf /x]sf s[lif, ko{6g, hn;|f]t, pßf]u cflbsf cfwf/:tDe klg jg
g} xf] .
jg ljefu b]zsf k'/fgf ljefux? dWo]sf] Ps dxTjk"0f{ ljefu xf] . ljefu /
dftxtsf sfof{nox?n] ;Dkfbg u/]sf ultljlwsf] af/]df k'l:tsfdfkm{t ;fj{hlgs
ug{] sfo{sf] >[ª\vnf cf=j= @)$(÷%) af6 z'? ePsf] xf] . cf=j= @)$(÷%) df
æjg ljefu–Ps kl/roÆ, @)%)÷%! b]lv @)%$÷%% ;Dd æjg ljefu–jflif{s
k|ltj]bgÆ / @)%%÷%^ b]lv xfn;Dd æxfd|f] jgÆ gfds k'l:tsfdfkm{t jflif{s
k|ltj]bg k|sflzt x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . k'l:tsfdf jflif{s k|ultsf ;fy} k|fKt pknlAwx?
Pj+ ;d:ofx?sf] ljZn]if0f ul/g'sf ;fy} jg ;DaGwL ;d;fdlos ;jfnx? ;d]t ;dflji6 x'Fb} cfPsf
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g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfufdL jif{ j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg sfo{qmdnfO{ ;a} lhNnfx?df cem a9L
k|efjsf/L agfpFb} sf7hGo pTkfbgdf j[l4 u/L afXo cfoft Go"gLs/0f ub}{ jg k}bfjf/df cfTdlge{/
x'g] / sf7df8f}+ nufotsf cGo zx/x?df zx/L jg ljsf; ug]{ nIo lnPsf]df o; k'l:tsfdf ;dfj]z
ul/Psf ljifoj:t'x?n] ;f] nIo k|fKt ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] cfzf /fv]sf] 5' . of] k'l:tsf jg k]zfsdL{,
jg;+u ;DalGwt ;+3;+:yf, jg ;d"xx?, cg';Gwfgstf{x?, ljBfyL{ Pj+ jgsf sfo{qmddf cle?rL /fVg]
;a}sf nflu pkofuL x'g] laZjf; lnPsf] 5' . o;df jgsf sfo{qmd / pknlAw nufotsf ljljw kIfnfO{
;se/ ;dflxt x'g]u/L :ki6 agfpg] hdsf{] ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} k|sflzt ljifoj:t' af/]df la1 kf7sau{af6
k|fKt cd"No ;'emfjnfO{ dfu{bz{gsf ?kdf lnO{ cfufdL k|sfzg kl/is[t ul/g]5 .
cGTodf k'l:tsf k|sfzgdf ;'emfj Pj+ ;Nnfx k|bfg ug'{x'g] dxfzfvf k|d'vx? 8f= cg'h/fh zdf{,
>L ljßfgfy emf, 8f= /fh]Gb| s]=;L= / >L /fh]Gb| Gof}kfg] k|lt cfef/L 5' . ;fy} cfjZos ;fdu|L ;+sng,
Joj:yfkg / k|sfzg ug{ cx+ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{] k|rf/–k|;f/ zfvfsf k|rf/–k|;f/ clws[t >Leujfg
k|;fb u'Ktf, ;xfos jg clws[t vu]Gb| k|;fb b'nfn / /]Gh/ /f]lhgf >]i7nfO{ xflb{s wGojfb lbg rfxG5' .
To;}u/L u'0f:t/Lo n]v /rgf pknAw u/fpg] lj1 n]vsx?, cfjZos ;"rgf pknAw u/fO{lbg] ljleGg
dxfzfvf÷zfvfsf ;xsdL{ ;fyLx? Nfufot o;df k|ToIf tyf k/f]If ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] ;a}hgf wGojfbsf
kfq x'g'x'G5 .
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jg ljefu / cGtu{tsf lhNnf jg sfof{nox¿, cfof]hgf, kl/of]hgf, sfo{qmdx¿af6

;Dkflbt sfo{qmdx¿sf] oyfy{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] p2]Zon] cfly{s jif{ @)$(÷%) b]lv
æjg ljefu Ps kl/roÆ sf] gfdaf6 ljefusf] aflif{s k|ltj]bg k|sfzgsf] k|f/De ePsf]
xf] . To;kl5sf aif{x¿df æaflif{s k|ltj]bgÆ sf] gfdn] k'l:tsf k|sfzg xF'b} cfPsf]df
cf=j=@)%%÷%^ / @)%^÷%& sf k|ult k|ltj]bgx¿ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L cf=j= @)%&÷%*
df æxfd|f] jgÆ sf] gfdn] k':ts k|sfzg ul/of] . tt\kZrft k|To]s cf=j= df æxfd|f] jgÆ
k|sfzgn] lg/Gt/tf kfO/x]sf] 5 .
cf=j=@)&#÷&$ sf] of] æxfd|f] jgÆ gfds k':tsdf jg ljefu cGtu{tsf lgsfo tyf
sfo{qmdx?af6 eP u/]sf lqmofsnfkx?sf] k|ult ljj/0f k|sfzg u/]sf 5f}+ . o; k|ltj]bgdf
;dfj]z ePsf sltko n]vx? cf=j= @)&#÷&$ sf] cjlw;+u ;DalGwt 5g\ eg] slt ko
xfn;Dds} ;d]t ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ . o;af6 jg ;DaGwdf rf;f] /fVg] ;j{;fwf/0f,
cg';Gwfgstf{ nufot jgIf]q;Fu ;/f]sf/ /fVg] ;a}nfO{ tYok/s hfgsf/L pknAw x'g]5
eGg]df xfdL cfzfjfbL 5f}+ . k':ts k|sfzgdf n]v /rgf tyf ;"rgf k|bfg u/L k|ToIf jf
k/f]If ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g] ;a} k|lt cfef/ JoQm ub{5f}+ .
cGTodf, of] k|sfzgnfO{ q'l6/lxt /fVg] xfd|f] clenfiff / k|of; /xFbf /xFb} klg s'g}
sdL–sdhf]/L /x]sf] eP ljut jif{x¿df em} ;f] s'/fx?nfO{ cf}NofO{ lbg' x'g xflb{s cg'/f]w
ub{5f}+ . k|fKt cd"No ;'emfjnfO{ ;d]6L cfufdL c+snfO{ kl/:s[t ?kdf k|sfzg ug{] sfo{df
dfu{bz{g x'g]5 .
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Jfg ljefusf] ;f+u7lgs ;+/rgf / hgzlQmsf] ljBdfg cj:yf !

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g]kfndf lbuf] tyf j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgsf] jt{dfg cj:yf, cj;/, ;d:of / !)
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l;sfO{, r'gf}tL tyf eljiosf] af6f]
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g]kfndf ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkgM gLltut Joj:yf tyf sfo{qmd $%
sfof{Gjog l:ylt ljZn]if0f
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g]kfndf ePsf ;fd'bflos jgx?sf] ljj/0f &)
g]kfndf ePsf ;+/lIft jgx?sf] ljj/0f &@
g]kfndf ePsf ;fem]bf/L jgx?sf] ljj/0f &#
cltqmldt jgIf]qsf] cBfjlws tYofª\s &%
jg If]qsf] hUuf ljleGg ;+3;+:yfx?nfO{ ljleGg ldltdf pknJw u/fPsf] ljj/0f &&
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cf=j= @)&#.&$ df jg ljefu dfkm{t ;+rflnt sfo{qmdx? *^
efu #M k|utL ljj/0f (&–!$$
k[ys–k[ys k|ult ljj/0f ((
Effu $M jg k}bfjf/sf] ljj/0f !$%–!*$
sf7, bfp/f tyf h8La'6Lsf] laqmL ljt/0fsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f !$&
efu %M cfly{s ljj/0f !*%–@@*
Kf'hLut PsLs[t s]Gb|Lo cfly{s Pj+ /fh:j / w/f}6Lsf] ljj/0f !*&
efu ^M ljleGg sfo{qmd;+u ;DalGwt kmf]6f]x? @@(–@#$

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n]v÷/rgfx?
jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
jg ljefusf] ;+lIfKt emns
j;Gt/fh k'/L
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!= k[i7e"ld
jg ljefu g]kfnsf k'/fgf ljefux? dWo]sf] Ps xf] . o; ljefusf] :yfkgf lj=;+=@))* ;fndf
ePsf] xf] . of] ljefu jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfno, cGtu{tsf % j6f ljefux? dWo] ;fË7lgs
;+/rgf, hgzlQm / sfo{ If]qsf lx;fjn] ;j}eGbf 7"nf] ljefu dflgG5 . :yfkgf sfnsf] jgsf] ;+u7g
;+/rgfdf @ ;s{n, !! jg l8lehg / $$ /]~h kf]i6x? /x]sf lyP . tt\kZrftsf] ;f9] 5 bzs
eGbf j9Lsf] ;dofjlwdf jg k|zf;g ;+rfng ug]{ sfof{nox?sf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf / gfddf k6s
k6s k]m/jbn x+'b} cfPsf] kfOG5 .
lj=;+= @)## ;fndf /fli6«o jg of]hgf nfu"" eP kl5 jg ljefusf] ;+u7g ;+/rgfdf Jofks
?kdf kl/jt{g eof] . h; cg';f/ ( j6f ;s{n, $) j6f jg l8lehg / !&$ j6f /]~h kf]i6x?sf]
:yfkgf ul/of] . lj=;+= @)$) ;fn;Dd ;f]xL ;+/rgf dfk{mt jg k|zf;g ;+rfng x'+b} cfPsf]df
lj=;+= @)$) ;fndf ljs]GbL|s/0fsf] dd{ / efjgf cg'?k kfFr j6f If]qLo jg lgb]{zgfnox? :yfkgf
ul/P . cf=j= @)$#÷$$ df b]zsf &% j6} lhNnfdf lhNnf jg sfof{nox? :yfkgf ul/P . lj=;+=
@)$^ sf] hgcfGbf]ng kZrft\ lgb{nLo k+rfotL Joj:yfsf] cGTo;Fu} k|hftGqsf] k'gj{xfnL ePkl5
lj=;+= @)%) ;fndf jg ljefu / cGtu{tsf] ;+u7g ;+/rgfdf ;fdfGo x]/km]/ u/L d':tfË afx]s
&$ lhNnfx¿df lhNnf jg sfof{no, tL sfof{nox? cGtu{t (@ Onfsf jg sfof{no / ^(* /]~h
kf]i6x¿ /xg] Joj:yf ul/of] .
lj=;+= @)%) df sfod ePsf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf lqmofzLn /xFb} cfPsf]df tt\sfnLg jg tyf e"–;+/If0f
dGqfnoåf/f ul7t æjg If]qsf] nf]stfGqLs/0f, ;'zf;g Pj+ lbuf] ljsf; sfo{bnÆ sf] k|ltj]bg,
Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf] k|fs[lts ;|f]t / ;fwg ;ldltaf6 jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfnonfO{ ljleGg
ljifox?df lbOPsf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ ul7t pRr:t/Lo cfof]u, @)^& n] ;d]t jg ;+u7gdf ljBdfg
;d:of tyf sdhf]/Lx¿sf] ;'wf/sf nflu jg k|zf;gsf] ;fË7lgs tyf Joj:yfksLo k'g;{+/rgfsf]
cfjZostf dx;'z u/L lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( -bf]>f] ;+zf]wg_ cWofb]z, @)^( sf] bkmf @$ 3!
adf]lhd j9'jf ePsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;dfof]hg tyf kb:yfkg ug]{ qmddf cf=j= @)&)÷&! af6
nfu"" x'g] u/L jg ljefu tyf dftxtsf lhNnf jg sfof{nox¿sf] ;+u7g ;+/rgfdf km]/jbn u/L
jflif{s k|ltj]bg 1 cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷&$

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
jt{dfg ;+u7g ;+/rgf @)&)÷)$÷@* df :jLs[t eO{ nfu" ePsf] xf] .
jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfno cGtu{t s]Gb|Lo lgsfosf] ?kdf jg ljefu /x]sf] 5 . jg ljefu
jg ;]jfsf /f=k=k|yd >]0fLsf] dxflgb]{zssf] g]t[Tjdf $ j6f dxfzfvf, oL dxfzfvf cGtu{t @)
j6f zfvf / dxflgb]{zssf] k|ToIf dftxtdf /x]sf cGo % j6f zfvf tyf ;z:q jg /Ifs tflnd
s]Gb|, l6sf}nL, lrtjg ;lxtsf] ;fË7lgs :j?ksf] /x]sf] 5 .
jg ljefu cGtu{t xfn &$ lhNnf jg sfof{nox¿ /x]sf 5g\ . d':tfª lhNnfdf hg/n km/]i6«L
;d"xsf] jg clws[t /x]sf] lhNnf e"– ;+/If0f sfof{no /x]sf] 5 . jg ljefusf] jt{ d fg s]Gb|Lo
;+u7g tyf dftxtsf lhNnf jg sfof{nox¿sf] ;+u7g ;/rgf :jLs[t x'Fbf d':tfË lhNnf jfx]s
cGo &$ lhNnfdf lhNnf jg sfof{nox¿ /xg] Joj:yf ul/of] . oL lhNnf jg sfof{ n ox?
cGtu{ t (@ ;] S 6/ jg sfof{ n o / ^(^ Onfsf jg sfof{ n ox? /x] s f 5g\ . lhNnf jg
sfof{ n ox? dWo] s}nfnL, bfË / pbok'/ lhNnf jg sfof{nox¿df /f=k=k|yd -k|f=_ >] 0 fLsf]
lhNnf jg clws[t / cGo &! lhNnf jg sfof{nox¿df /f=k=lå-k|f=_ >]0fLsf lhNnf jg clws[t
/xg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .
@= jg ljefusf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf
jg ljefudf rf/j6f dxfzfvfx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . oL dxfzfvfx? cGtu{t k|To]s dxfzfvfdf %÷%
j6f zfvfsf b/n] ljleGg @) j6f zfvfx?, dxflgb]{zssf] k|ToIf dftxtdf cGo % j6f zfvfx?
/ l6sf}nLdf ;z:q jg /Ifs tflnd s]Gb| /x]sf 5g\ . o;/L x]bf{ ljefudf hDdf @% j6f zfvf
/x]sf 5g\ .
@=! dxfzfvfx¿
o; ljefudf lgDg cg';f/sf rf/j6f dxfzfvfx¿ /x]sf 5g\ .
i_ /fli6«o jg dxfzfvf
ii_ ;fd'bflos jg dxfzfvf
iii_ of]hgf tyf cg'udg dxfzfvf
iv_ jg ;Djw{g dxfzfvf
@=@ zfvfx¿
-s_ /fli6«o jg dxfzfvf cGtu{t /x]sf zfvfx¿
i_ jg Joj:yfkg zfvf
ii _ jg k}bfjf/ zfvf
iii_ jg ;+/If0f zfvf
iv_ jftfj/0f zfvf
v_ jGohGt' tyf åGå ;dGjo zfvf

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
-v_ ;fd'bflos jg dxfzfvf cGtu{t /x]sf zfvfx¿
i_ ;fd'bflos jg zfvf
ii_ lghL tyf s[lif jg zfvf
iii_ jg pBd zfvf
iv_ j[Iff/f]k0f k|ljlw zfvf
v_ sj'lnotL jg zfvf
-u_ of]hgf tyf cg'udg dxfzfvf cGtu{t /x]sf zfvfx¿
i_ of]hgf th'{df tyf sfo{qmd zfvf
ii_ cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg zfvf
iii_ k|rf/ k|;f/ zfvf
iv_ tYofÍ zfvf
v_ gLlt tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw ;dGjo zfvf
-3_ jg ;Djw{g dxfzfvf cGtu{t /x]sf zfvfx¿
i_ jg aLp ;'wf/ zfvf
ii_ j[If ;'wf/ zfvf
iii_ ef}uf]lns ;"rgf k|0ffnL Joj:yfkg zfvf
iv_ jg ;Djw{g zfvf
v_ zx/L jg tyf ;fj{hlgs ljsf; ;dGjo zfvf
ljefudf $ j6f dxfzfvf cGtu{t g/x]sf lgDg cg';f/sf % j6f zfvfx? ;d]t /x]sf 5g\ . oL
zfvfx?nfO{ ;f]em} dxflgb]{zs dftxt /flvPsf] 5 .
i_ k|zf;g zfvf
ii_ cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf
iii_ P]g, lgod k/fdz{ zfvf
iv_ ;'/Iff zfvf
v_ cg'udg k/fdz{ zfvf
;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnoaf6 lj=;+= @)&)÷)$÷@* df :jLs[t u/]sf] o; ljefusf] ;+u7g
;+/rgfnfO{ b]xfosf] tflnsf g+= ! df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
@=# jg ljefusf] ljBdfg hgzlQm ljj/0f
o; ljefusf] ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnoaf6 ldlt @)&)÷)$÷@* df :jLs[t ePsf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf
cg';f/ ljefudf ljleGg ;]jf ;d"xsf hDdf !%$ hgfsf] b/jGbL /x]sf] 5 . pQm ;+u7g ;+/rgf
cg';f/ xfn sfod /x]sf] b/jGbL, kbk"lt{sf] cj:yf / l/Qm b/jGbL]sf] ljj/0f b]xfosf] tflnsf @
df lbOPsf] 5 .
tflnsf g+= @
l;=g+= kb >]0fL ;]jf, ;d"x jg ljefu s}lkmot
:jLs[t kbk"lt{ l/Qm
1 dxflgb]{zs /f=k=k|yd jg 1 1 0
2 pk dxflgb]{zs /f=k=k|yd jg÷ h=km= 4 2 2
3 ;x ;lrj-k|f=_ /f=k=k|yd jg÷ h=km= 2 0 2 2 k'n
4 pk ;lrj -k|=_ /f=k=l4tLo k|zf;g÷ ;f=k|= 1 1 0
5 pk ;lrj -k|=_ /f=k=l4tLo k|zf;g÷n]vf 1 1 0
6 pk ;lrj -k|f=_ /f=k=l4tLo jg÷h=km= 27 15 10
7 k|d'v ;]gfgL /f=k=l4tLo k|zf;g 1 0 1
8 zfvf clws[t /f=k=t[tLo k|zf;g÷;f=k|= 3 3 0
9 n]vf clws[t /f=k=t[tLo k|zf;g÷ n]vf 2 2 0
10 sfg'g clws[t /f=k=t[tLo Gofo 1 1 0
11 ;xfos jg clws[t /f=k=t[tLo jg÷h=km= 30 27 3
12 sDKo'^/ clws[t /f=k=t[tLo ljljw÷ s=O= 2 2 0
13 OGhLlgo/ /f=k=t[tLo OlGhlgol/ª÷l;len 1 0 1
14 gfoj ;'Jjf /f=k=cg+= k|yd k|zf;g÷;f=k|= 9 7 2
15 gfoj ;'Jjf /f=k=cg+= k|yd Gofo 1 0 1
16 n]vfkfn /f=k=cg+= k|yd k|zf;g÷ n]vf 4 1 3
17 6fOlki6 /f=k=cg+= k|yd k|zf;g÷;f=k|= 3 1 2
18 /]~h/ /f=k=cg+= k|yd jg, h=km= 33 4 29 28 k'n
19 cf]e/l;o/ /f=k=cg+= k|yd OGhLlgol/ª÷d]sf= 1 0 1
20 vl/bf/ /f=k=cg+= låtLo k|zf;g÷;f=k|= 3 3 0
21 d]sflgS; /f=k=cg+= låtLo OGhLlgol/ª 1 1 0
22 x]Nk/ /f=k=cg+= rt'{y OGhLlgol/ª 2 0 2
26 ;jf/L rfns >]0fL ljxLg 9 6 3
27 sf=;= >]0fL ljxLg 12 4 8
hDdf 154 82 72
* ldlt @)&$ r}q d;fGt;Ddsf] ljj/0fdf cfwfl/t

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
@=$ ;z:q jg /Ifs tflnd s]Gb|
jg ljefusf] k|ToIf dftxtdf /xg] u/L t/fO{sf ;Dk"0f{ lhNnfx? / kxf8L If]qsf s]xL lhNnf u/L
#! lhNnfdf jg If]qsf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu vl6g] ;z:q jg /Ifssf] tflnd tyf cg'udgsf] nflu
lrtgjsf] l6sf}nLdf Ps ;z:q jg /Ifs tflnd s]Gb| /x]sf] 5 . o; tflnd s]Gb|df #% hgfsf]
b/jGbL sfod ul/Psf] 5 . h;sf] ljj/0f PsLs[t ?kdf tflnsf g+= # df lbOPsf] 5 .
@=% lhNnf jg sfof{nox?

o; ljefu cGtu{t &$ j6f lhNnf jg sfof{nox? /x]sf 5g\ . jg ljefusf] sfo{ljlw, @)^!
cg';f/ lhNnf jg sfof{nox?nfO{ jg If]qsf] 3gTj tyf jg dflysf] rfksf] cfwf/df b]xfo cg';f/
% ju{df ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 .
i_ æsÆ ju{df !) j6f lhNnfx? /x]sf 5g\ . oL lhNnfx?df pbok'/, df]/ª, af/f, dsjfgk'/,
lrtjg, gjnk/f;L, slknj:t', bfª, af+s] / s}nfnL x'g . oL lhNnf jg sfof{nox?df #
j6f ;]S6/ / !% j6f Onfsf jg sfof{no /xL cfPsf]df lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( -t]>f]
;+zf]wg_ cWofb]z, @)^( sf] bkmf @$3 ! cg';f/ j9'jf ePsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] bkmf @$3 !v
jdf]lhd ;dfof]hg ug]{ l;nl;nfdf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnoaf6 @)&)÷)$÷@* df :jLs[t
ePsf] ;+u7g ;+/rgfdf æsÆ ju{sf lhNnf dWo] lrtjgdf ;]S6/ jg sfof{no @ / Onfsf jg
sfof{no !) j6f / afFs]df ;]S6/ jg sfof{nno # jyf oyfjt /fvL Onfsf jg sfof{no !$
j6f sfod u/]sf] 5 .
ii_ ævÆ ju{df !^ lhNnfx? /x]sf 5g\ . oL lhNnfx?df Onfd, emfkf, ;'g;/L, ;Kt/L, l;Gw'nL,
wg'iff, l;/xf, dxf]Q/L, ;nf{xL, /f}tx6, nlntk'/, ?kGb]xL, k;f{, ;'v]{t, jlb{of / s~rgk'/
x'g . oL lhNnf jg sfof{nox?df @ j6f ;]S6/ / !@ j6f Onfsf jg sfof{nox? /x]sf]df
@)&)÷)$÷@* df :jLs[t ;+/rgfdf ævÆ ju{sf !^ lhNn jf dWo] lhNnf jg sfof{no,
k;f{nfO{ v–@ jgfO{ o;df ;]S6/ jg sfof{no @ / Onfsf jg sfof{no & j6f /xg] Joj:yf
u/L cGo lhNnf jg sfof{nonfO{ v–@ agfO{ @ j6f ;]S6/ jg sfof{no / !@ j6f Onfsf jg
sfof{no oyfjt /xg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .
iii_ æuÆ ju{df % lhNnfx? /x]sf 5g\ . oL lhNnfx?df sf7df8f}+, wflbª, tgxF', sf:sL / c3f{vfFrL
x'g\ . oL lhNnf jg sfof{no cGtu{t ! j6f ;]S6/ / * j6f Onfsf 5g\ .
iv_ æ3Æ ju{sf lhNnfx? !& j6f 5g\ . oL lhNnfx?df wgs'6f, bf]nvf, l;Gw'kfNrf]s, sfe|], g'jfsf]6,
uf]/vf, kfNkf, Ko"7fg, ;Nofg, :ofªhf, kj{t, jfUn'Ë, u'NdL, 88]Nw'/f, j}t8L, h'Dnf x'g . oL
lhNnf jg sfof{nox?df ! j6f ;]S6/ / * Onfsf jg sfof{nox? /x]sf]df @)&)÷)$÷@*
df :jLs[t ;+/rgfdf æ3Æ ju{sf !& j6f lhNnf jg sfof{nox?nfO{ 3–!, 3–@ / 3–# ju{df
jfF8]sf] 5 . h; cg';f/ lhNnf jg sfof{no, bf]nvfnfO{ 3 # df /fvL ! j6f ;]S6/ jg sfof{no

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
/ ^ j6f Onfsf jg sfof{no, lhNnf jg sfof{nox? l;Gw'kfNrf]s, g'jfsf]6, u'NdL, kj{t,
Ko"7fg, h'Dnf, 8f]6L, j}t8LnfO{ 3–@ sfod u/L ! j6f ;]S6/ jg sfof{no / * j6f Onfsf jg
sfof{no /xg] Joj:yf u/L af+sL lhNnf jg sfof{nonfO{ 3–! /fvL ! j6f ;]S6/ jg sfof{no
/ * j6f Onfsf jg sfof{no /xg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .
v_ æªÆ ju{sf @^ lhNnfx? /x]sf 5g\ . oL lhNnfx?df eQmk'/, /;'jf, nDh'ª, dgfª, 8f]Nkf,
x'Dnf, d'u', sflnsf]6, tfKn]h'ª, kf+ry/, t]x«y'd, ef]hk'/, ;+v'jf;ef, DofUbL, /f]Nkf, ?s'd,
jfh'/f, hfh/sf]6, jemfª, /fd]5fk, ;f]n'v'Da', cf]vn9'+uf, vf]6fª, b}n]v, bfr'{nf / c5fd x'g\ .
oL lhNnf jg sfof{nox? dWo] eQmk'/, /;'jf, dgfª, 8f]Nkf, d'u', sflnsf]6, x'Dnfdf $
j6f Onfsf / af+sL lhNnfdf * j6f Onfsf jg sfof{nox? /xL cfPsf]df kl5Nnf] k6s
@)&)÷)$÷@* df :jLs[t ;+/rgf cg';f/ æªÆ ju{sf lhNnf jg sfof{nox? dWo] dgfªdf @
j6f, /;'jf÷eQmk'/÷d'u'÷sflnsf]6÷x'Dnf÷8f]Nkf÷df $÷$ j6f, bfr'{nfdf % j6f, tfKn]h'ªdf
& j6f dfq Onfsf jg sfof{no sfod u/L afFsL cGo lhNnf jg sfof{nox?df *÷* j6f
Onfsf jg sfof{no /xg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
o;/L x]bf{ lhNnf jg sfof{nox?sf] juL{s/0f cg';f/ km/s km/s ;fË7lgs ;+/rgf / b/jGbL
;+Vof /xg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . æsÆ ju{sf lhNnfx? dWo] pbok'/, bfË / s}nfnLdf jg ;]jfsf
/f=k= k|yd >]0fLsf lhNnf jg clws[t /xg] u/L b/jGbL :jLs[t ul/Psf] 5 eg] afFsL ;j}
lhNnf jg sfof{nox?df /f=k=lå= -k|f=_ >]0fLsf lhNnf jg clws[t /xg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnoaf6 @)&) ;fn >fj0f @* df :jLs[t ePsf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf cg';f/
&$ lhNnf jg sfof{nox?df /x]sf ljleGg ;]jf, ;d"x, pk ;d"xsf s'n b/jGbL ;+Vof, kb
k"lt{sf] cj:yf / l/Qm b/jGbLsf] ljj/0f b]xfosf] tflndf g+= # df lbOPsf] 5 .
tflnsf g+= # M lhNnf jg sfof{nox?sf] s'n b/jGbL, kbk"lt{ / l/Qm b/jGbL ljj/0f
l;=g++ kb÷>]0fL ;]jf ;d"x b/jGbL kbk"lt{ l/Qm
1 ;x ;lrj-/f=k=k|=k|f_ jg h=km= 3 3 3
lh=j=c=÷pk;lrj
2 jg h=km= 89 86 3
-/f=k=l4=k|f_
3 ;=j=c=-/f=k=t[=k|f_ jg h=km= 856 709 97
4 zfvf clws[t -/f=k=t[=_ k|zf;g ;f=k| 38 23 15
5 n]vf clws[t-/f=k=t[=_ k|zf;g n]vf 19 6 13
6 /]Gh/-/f=k=cg+=k|=k|f_ jg h=km= 351 302 49
7 gf=;'=-/f=k=cg+=k|=k|_ k|zf;g ;f=k| 130 122 8

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
8 n]vfkfn-/f=k=cg+=k|=k|_ k|zf;g n]vf 53 35 18

9 vl/bf/-/f=k=cg+=l4|=k|_ k|zf;g ;f=k| 72 29 43
10 ;=n]=kf=-/f=k=cg+=l4|=_ k|zf;g n]vf 50 12 38
11 6fOlki6-/f=k=cg+=k|=_ k|zf;g 72 18 54
j=sf=;=÷km/]i6/
12 jg h=km= 790 625 165
-/f=k=cg+=l4|=k|f=_
13 j=/=->]0fL ljxLg_ jg h=km= 2756 2256 500
14 sf=;=->]0fL ljxLg_ k|zf;g ;f=k| 388 107 281
15 8fOe/ k|zf;g ;f=k| 167 32 135
16 ;]gfgL ljljw 1 0 1
17 ;x ;]gfgL ljljw 1 0 1
18 pk ;]gfgL ljljw 1 0 1
19 ;xfos ;]gfgL ljljw 1 0 1
20 ;'j]bf/ ljljw 31 0 31
21 hdbf/ ljljw 62 320
22 xjnbf/ ljljw 65 17 699
23 ;=j=/= ljljw 909 0
24 rf}lsbf/ k|zf;g 43 0 43
25 /g/ ljljw 157 0 157
hDdf 7105 4752 2353
* @)&$ ;fn r}q d;fGt;Ddsf] ljj/0fdf cfwfl/t
lgisif{
jg ljefu :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} jg k|zf;g ;+rfng ug]{ s]Gb|Lo lgsfosf] ?kdf /xb} cfPsf] 5 . jg
If]qsf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g ug]{ d'Vo bfloTj jg ljefu / cGtu{tsf lhNnf jg sfof{nox?sf] xf] . oL
lgsfox?n] tf]lsPsf] lhDd]jf/L hjfkmb]xLk"0f{ 9+un] ;Dkfbg ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . h;sf] kl/0ffd :j?k jg
If]qn] 9fs]sf] e"–efusf] If]qkmn #(=^ k|ltztaf6 j9f]Q/L eO{ $$=&$ k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 .
d'n's ;+3Lo ;+/rgfdf uO;s]sf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf jg tyf jGohGt'sf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj{4g ug]{ sfo{df
;+nUg /x]sf lgsfox?sf] k'gM;+/rgf ug]{ qmddf cnu cnu ljefusf] ?kdf /x]sf jg ljefu / e"–tyf
hnfwf/ ;+/If0f ljefunfO{ Ps cfk;df ufe]/ jg tyf e"–;+/If0f ljefu sfod ug]{ k|:tfj ;fdfGo
k|zf;g dGqfnoaf6 dlGqkl/ifb\df k]z eO{;s]sf] cj:yfdf 5 . To;} u/L xfn ;+rfngdf /x]sf &$

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
lhNnf jg sfof{nox?sf] ;+/rgf x]/k]m/ u/L *$ j6f l8lehg jg sfof{nox?df kl/0ft ug]{ k|lqmof
;d]t k|fyldstfsf ;fy cl3 jl9/x]sf] 5 . ctM cfufdL cf=j= @)&%.&^ sf] z'?jftaf6} gofF ;+/rgf
cg';f/sf sfof{nox? :yfkgf eO{ ;+rfngdf cfpg ;Sg] ;+efjgf /x]sf] x'+bf d'n'sn] cËLsf/ u/]sf]
;+3Lotf sfof{Gjogsf] k|ltj4tfdf ;3fp k'Ug] b]lvG5 .
;Gbe{ ;fdu|Lx? M
!= lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( tyf lghfdtL ;]jf lgodfjnL, @)%)
@= g]kfn jg ;]jf -u7g, ;d"x tyf >]0fL ljefhg / lgo'lQm_ lgodx?, @)%!
#= jg ljefu / cGtu{t lgsfosf] ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;e]{If0f k|ltj]bg, @)&)
$= g]kfn ;/sf/ -sfo{ ljefhg_ lgodfjnL, @)&$
%= jg ljefusf] sfo{jlw, @)^!
^= æxfd|f] jgÆ gfds jg ljefusf jflif{s k|ltj]bgx? .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
g]kfndf lbuf] tyf j}1flgs jg

Joj:yfkgsf] jt{dfg cj:yf,
cj;/, ;d:of / r'gf}tLx?
df]xg /fh sfˆn]
lhNnf jg clws[t, ndh'ª
Email: mkafle@gmail.com
!= k[i7e"ld
g]kfndf ljut b]lv cjnDjg ul/+b} cfPsf jg Joj:yfkgsf k4lt Pj+ s[ofsnfkx?sf] ;dLIff ubf{
ljleGg ;dodf s'g} g s'g} lsl;daf6 jg ;|f]tnfO{ dxTj lbO{ ;+/If0f Pj+ Joj:yfkg ul/+b} cfPsf]
kfOG5 . jg P]g @)!*, jg ;+/If0f -ljz]if Joj:yf_ P]g @)@$, /fli6««o jg of]hgf @)##, k+rfotL
jg tyf k+rfot ;+/lIft jg lgodfjnL @)#%, jg ljsf; u'?of]hgf @)$% x'Fb} jg P]g @)$( tyf
jg lgodfjnL @)%! hf/L eP kZrft dWo kxf8L If]qsf jgx? qmdzM ;fd'bflos jgsf] ?kdf
:yfgLo ;d'bfox?nfO{ ;d"x u7g u/L ;fd'bflos jgsf] ?kdf x:tfGt/0f ub}{ nluof] eg] t/fO{ tyf
leqL dw]zsf jgnfO{ ;/sf/af6 g} Joj:yfkg ug]{ gLlt cjnDjg ul/of] . t/ t/fO{ tyf leqL
dw]zsf] jg If]q hg;+Vofsf] a9\bf] rfksf sf/0f jg k}bfjf/ rf]/L lgsf;L tyf jg cltqmd0fsf]
rk]6fdf kg{ uof] / tL If]qsf jgsf] k|efjsf/L ;+/If0fsf nflu ;/sf/n] ljleGg k|of;x? u/]tfklg
jg ljgfzsf] b/df sdL cfpg ;s]g . ;fy} jg If]qaf6 6f9f a;f]jf; ug]{ hgtfx? jg k}bfjf/sf]
kx'Fraf6 ljd'v x'g] cj:yfsf] l;h{gf ;d]t eof] . kxf8L e"–efusf] h:tf] 9fFrfdf ;fd'bflos
jgx? x:tfGt/0f ;d]t x'g ;s]gg\ . jg ;+/If0f, Joj:yfkgsf] Oltxf; / cEof;x?sf] l;sfOnfO{
dgg u/L ;fd'bflos jg jfx]ssf] t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]z If]qsf /fli6«o jg If]qsf] plrt ;+/If0f
/ Joj:yfkgdf jg If]qb]lv 6f9f a;f]jf; ug]{ hgtfx?nfO{ ;d]t k|ToIf ?kdf ;xefuL u/fO{
:yfgLo ;d'bfo, :yfgLo ;/sf/ / g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lqkIfLo ;fem]bf/Ldf jgsf] Joj:yfkg tyf jg
k}bfjf/sf] ;xh Pj+ lbuf] cfk"lt{ ug]{ nIo;fy ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd z'? ul/of], h;sf
nflu ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkg lgb]{lzsf @)^* hf/L u/L sfof{Gjog ul/of] .
lj=;+= @)^) sf] bzs cl3 jgsf] ;+/If0fnfO{ nlIft u/L ;Lldt dfqfdf Joj:yfkgsf sfo{qmdx?
;+rfng ul/+b} cfPsf]df To; kl5 jgsf] cj:yfdf cfPsf] ;'wf/ / Joj:yfkg ug'{kg]{ cfjZostfnfO{
dx;'; u/L jgsf] lbuf] Pj+ a}1flgs Joj:yfkg ug'{kg]{ s'/fsf] ax; z'? eof] . h; cg';f/ lj=;+=

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
@)^* b]lv g} slknj:t'sf] ltnf}/fsf]6 ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkgsf nflu jg ;Djw{g k|0ffnLdf
cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg sfo{of]hgf tof/ kf/L ;fn afx'No jgsf] j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgsf] sfo{
k|f/De ul/of] . o; k|sf/sf] Joj:yfkg k4ltsf] l;sfO{nfO{ ;+:yfut ub}{ lg/Gt/tf lbg tyf b]zsf
cGo If]qsf ;Defljt ;fem]bf/L Pj+ ;fd'bflos jgx?df ;d]t a}1flgs Joj:yfkg of]hgf cg'?k
Joj:yfkg ug]{ sfo{nfO{ lj:tf/ ug{ ljleGg jx;, 5nkmn, cWoog, cjnf]sg h:tf s[ofsnfkx?nfO{
Jofkstf lbO{ sfg"gL tyf k|s[ofut cfwf/sf nflu j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw @)&! hf/L
u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofOof] . jgsf] lbuf] tyf a}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgnfO{ yk ljsf; / lj:tf/ ug{
jg gLlt @)&! df ;d]t gLltut Joj:yf ul/of] . xfn g]kfndf $) lhNnfsf @*% j6f ;fd'bflos
jgsf] @*,%)) x]S6/, !@ lhNnfsf #) j6f ;fem]bf/L jgx? dWo] !% j6f ;fem]bf/L jgsf] sl/j
$),))) x]S6/ / ^ j6f rSnf jgsf] !#))) x]S6/ u/L sl/j *!,%)) x]S6/ jg If]qsf] a}1flgs
jg Joj:yfkg of]hgf tof/ kf/L Joj:yfkg sfo{ ul/Psf] 5 .
@= lbuf] tyf a}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg

;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf jftfj/0fLo lx;fjn] pko'Qm / jgn] k|bfg ug]{ a:t' tyf ;]jfsf] lg/Gt/tf
jf a[l4 x'g] u/L ul/g] jg Aoj:yfkg g} lbuf] Aoj:yfkg xf] . lbuf] jg Aoj:yfkg ;'lglZrt x'g]
u/L ul/g] jg Aoj:yfkgnfO{ j}1flgs jg Aoj:yfkg klg eGg ;lsG5 . j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgdf
Joj:yfkg sfo{ jg ;Djw{g k|0ffnL -Silviculture system_ df cfwfl/t x'g'kb{5 / Joj:yfkgsf]
lg0f{o dfkgsf] cfwf/df / jg lj1fgsf] l;4fGt kfngf u/L ul/Psf] x'g'kb{5 . jg Aoj:yfkg ubf{
jftfj/0fLo kIfsf cltl/Qm ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s kIfx?nfO{ ;d]t plrt Wofg lbg' kb{5 . jgsf]
Joj:yfkg sfo{ cGtu{t jLpsf] k|jGw, lj?jf pTkfbg jf k'g?Tkfbg, o;sf] ;+/If0f, uf]8d]n,
PSNofpg],ktNofpg], emf8L ;kmfO, k'g?Tkfbg s6fg , kg?Tkfbg tof/L s6fg, kft klt+u/ Pj+
lem+hf ldhf Joj:uyfkg, jf/ j]/f, clUg /]vf Pj+ jg ky lgdf{0f, 3f6u2L Joj:yfkg, kfOlnª,
ofl8{ª / o;sf nflu Jojj:yfkg ;fdu|L Pj+ cf}hf/x?, k|fljlws, cfly{s tyf dfgj ;|f]t ;fwg
Joj:yfkgsf] sfo{ ;d]t kb{5g\ .
jgsf] lbuf] Pj+ a}1flgs Aoj:yfkg dfkm{t jgIf]qsf] pTkfbsTj tyf jg k}bfjf/sf] pTkfbgdf
a[l4 eO{ sf7 bfp/f nufotsf jg k}bfjf/sf] cfk"lt{ a9\g hfG5 / o;af6 /f]huf/L Pj+ pBd
k|jw{g eO{ cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs If]qdf 6]jf k'Ub5 eg] jgsf] lg/Gt/ ?kdf k|efjsf/L ;+/If0f tyf
Joj:yfkgsf sf/0f jftfj/0fLo nfe k|fKt eO/xG5 .
#= lbuf] tyf j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgsf] cfwf/ / ;"rsx?

ljZjJofkL ?kdf lbuf] tyf j}1flgs Joj:yfkgsf] nflu lgDg cg';f/sf ;j{dfGo cfwf/ /
;"rsx? lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
cfwf/
!= jgsf] jflif{s a[l4 eGbf jflif{s s6fg kl/df0f sd x'g' kg]{ .
@= ;tt jg k}bfjf/ cfk"lt{sf] nflu æpTkfbg jf j[l4Æ ;tt x'g' kg]{ .
#= ;tt pTkfbgsf] nflu jgdf ljleGg pd]/ ;d"x / k|hfltsf ?v lj?jfx? plrt cg'kftdf
x'g' kg]{ .
;"rsx?
!= Joj:yfkgsf nflu cg's"n sfg"gL, cfly{s Pj+ ;+/rgfut jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf .
@= pTkfbg / s6fg Pj+ ;b'kof]u aLr tfnd]n sfod /fvL jg ;|f]tsf] ;'lglZrttf .
#= jg k}bfjf/ / ;]jfsf] kl/df0f tyf u'0f:t/sf] ;'lglZrttf ug]{ vfnsf]] cj:yf, :jf:Yo /
kfl/l:yltsLo k|0ffnL .
$= jgaf6 pTkflbt j:t'sf] pknJwtf .
%= h}ljs ljljwtf .
^= e" tyf hnfwf/ ;+/If0f .
&= cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts lx;fjn] jg k}bfjf/ / ;]jfsf] pknJwtfsf] ;'lglZrttf .
$= g]kfnsf gLlt, /0fgLlt, of]hgf, P]g, lgoddf j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg

!= /fli6«o jg of]hgf @)## df jgsf] j}1flgs Joj:yfkg ug]{ s'/f pNn]v .
@= jg ljsf; u'?of]hgf @)$% df jgsf] lbuf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ pNn]v .
#= jg P]g @)$( df ;/sf/4f/f Jojl:yt jgsf] sfo{of]hgf tof/ u/L :jLs[t sfo{of]hgf
adf]lhd jgsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ tyf ;fd'bflos jgsf] xsdf ;fd'bflos jg Joj:yfkg
sfo{of]hgf cg';f/ ug]{ eGg] Joj:yf .
$= kl/dflh{t jg gLlt @)%& df t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]zsf] rSnf jgsf] ;xeflutfd"ns tl/sfn]
lbuf] Pj+ j}1flgs Joj:yfkg ug]{ eGg] pNn]v .
%= ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkg lgb]{lzsf @)^* df jgsf] lbuf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ eGg] pNnf]v .
^= Affx|f}+ lqjifL{o of]hgf @)^&.^*–@)^(.&) sf] p2]Zodf jg ;Dkbfsf] j}1flgs, ;dfj]zL /
;xeflutfd"ns Joj:yfkgåf/f kfl/l:yltsLo ;]jfsf] k|jw{g ub}{ jgsf] pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug]{
/ gLlt v08df g]kfndf /x]sf ;j} k|sf/sf jgx?nfO{ lbuf] jg Joj:yfkg k4lt cg'?k
Joj:yfkg ug]{ eGg] pNn]v .
&= lj=;+= @)^( df hf/L ;d[l4sf] nflu jg eGg] jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfnosf] b"/b[li6–@)#)
sf] Pp6f k|d'v cfwf/:tDesf] ?kdf j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg /x]sf] .
*= cf=j= @)^(.&) sf] ah]6 jQmJodf Ps nfv x]S6/ jgsf] j}1flgs Joj:yfkg ug]{ s'/f pNN]v

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
ul/Psf] .
(= t]x|f}+ of]hgf @)&).&!–@)&@.&# df lbuf] / j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg k4ltsf] dfWodaf6
jgsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, ;fem]bf/L jg sfo{qmd ;+rfngaf6 yk &%,))) x]S6/ jg If]qsf] lbuf]
Joj:yfkg ug]{ eGg] of]hgf /x]sf] .
!)= jg gLlt @)&! sf] gLlt g+= ! df lbuf] jg Joj:yfkgåf/f jg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj / jg
k}bfjf/sf] pTkfbg j[l4 ug]{ gLltut Joj:yf /xg'sf ;fy} ;f]xL gLltsf] sfo{gLltdf ;/sf/
tyf ;d'bfoåf/f Jojl:yt jgdf ;Djw{g k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t Joj:yfkg ug]{ eGg] pNn]v .
!!= jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfnoaf6 @)&! df j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw @)&! :jLs[t
ul/Psf] . o; sfo{ljlwdf jg ;Djw{g k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg of]hgf tof/L
b]lv sfof{Gjog;Ddsf kIfx? lj:t[t ?kdf ;d]l6Psf] .
!@= jg If]qsf] /0fgLlt @)&@ df t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]zsf] %)Ü / dWo kxf8L If]qsf] @%Ü jgsf]
lbuf] Pj+ j}1flgs Joj:yfkg ug]{ /0fgLlt pNN]v .
!#= rf}wf}+ of]hgf @)&#.&$–@)&%.&^ sf] p2]Zodf g} lbuf] jg Joj:yfkgåf/f jg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj
/ jg k}bfjf/sf] pTkfbg j[l4 ug]{ eGg] Pj+ ;f]xL of]hgfsf] /0fgLltdf jgsf] ;xeflutfd"ns
lbuf] Pj+ j}1flgs Joj:yfkg ug]{ eGg] pNN]v ePsf] .
!$= ;/sf/sf] cf=j @)&%.&^sf] nflu hf/L jh]6 jQmJodf jgsf] j}1flgs Joj:yfkg ul/g]
sfo{qmd /x]sf] .
%= 3f]if0ff Pj+ k|ltj4tfx?df j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg

!= kfFrf} ;fd'bflos jg uf]i7Lsf] 3f]if0fkq, @)^% Pj+ 5}6f}+ ;fd'bflos jg uf]i7Lsf] 3f]if0fkq,
@)&) df lbuf] Pj+ j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgsf] gLltut Joj:yf u/L sfof{Gjog ub}{ hfg]
pNn]v .
@= lhNnf jg clws[tx?sf] rf}yf] /fli6«o uf]i7Lsf] 3f]if0ffkq, @)^^ df lbuf] Pj+ j}1flgs jg
Joj:yfkg ug]{ eGg] pNN]v .
#= lhNnf jg clws[tx?sf] kfFrf} /fli6«o uf]i7Lsf] 3f]if0ffkq, @)&! df ;j} k|sf/sf pTfbgzLn
jg If]qnfO{ b"/b[li6 ;lxt jg Joj:yfkg of]hgf tof/ u/L jg ;Djw{g k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t
lbuf] Pj+ a}1flgs Joj:yfkg ug{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy lj:tf/ ub}{ hfg], o;sf nflu cfjZos
kg]{ dfu{bz{g tyf sfo{ljlwx? tof/ u/L hf/L ug]{ k|ltj4tf /x]sf] .
$= k|yd ;fem]bf/L jgsf] /fli6«o uf]i7L @)&! sf] 3f]if0ffkqdf klxrfg ePsf pTkfbgzLn
jgx?sf] Joj:yfkg u/L jg k}bfjf/x?sf] ;ttM cfk"lt{ ub}{ :yfgLo Pj+ /fli6«o cy{tGqdf
of]ubfg k'¥ofpg j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgsf] /0fgLlt tyf sfo{ljlw tof/ u/L hf/L ug]{,
j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgnfO{ k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZos hgzlQmsf] Joj:yf u/L Ifdtf

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
clej[l4 ug]{ tyf cfjZostfg';f/ ;]jf vl/b ug'{sf ;fy} pTkfbgzLn jgsf] j[l4 df}Hbft,
pTkfbg Ifdtf, sf7 bfp/fsf] dfu / cfk"lt{sf] cj:yf, h}ljs ljljwtf / kfl/l:yltsLo
;]jfnfO{ cfTd;ft u/L pko'Qm -Psn jf ldl>t_ jg ;Djw{g k|0ffnLåf/f jgsf] Joj:yfkg
ug]{ h:tf k|ltj4tfx? hfx]/ ePsf] .
%= bf];|f] ;fem]bf/L jgsf] /fli6«o uf]i7L @)&! sf] 3f]if0ffkqdf ;j} ;fem]bf/L jgx?df jg ;Djw{g
k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t Joj:yfkg k4lt clgjfo{ ?kdf nfu" ug]{ pNn]v ul/Psf] .
^= jg clws[tx?sf] /fli6«o uf]i7L @)&% sf] 3f]if0ffkqdf ;d]t jgsf] lbuf] tyf j}1flgs
Joj:yfkg ug]{ k|ltj4tf hfx]/ ePsf] .
^= g]kfndf j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgsf] xfnsf] cj:yf

slknj:t' lhNnfsf] ltnf}/fsf]6 ;fem]bf/L jgaf6 lj=;+= @)^* Dff z'? ul/Psf] a}1flgs jg
Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd xfn;Dd cfOk'Ubf !@ j6f lhNnfsf #) j6f ;fem]bf/L jg dWo] !& j6f
;fem]bf/L jgdf, $) lhNnfsf @*% j6f ;fd'bflos jgdf / ^ lhNnfsf ^ j6f rSnf jgdf
sfof{Gjog eO{ s'n *!,%)) x]S6/ jg If]qdf o; k|sf/sf] Joj:yfkg sfo{ x'Fb}cfPsf] 5 . ;fd'bflos
jgsf] xsdf t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]zsf !^ lhNnfsf !$% j6f, dWo kxf8sf !( lhNnfsf !@% j6f
tyf pRr kxf8sf % lhNnf -afh'/f, bf]nvf, l;Gw'kfNrf]s, h'Dnf / ;f]n'v'Dj'_ sf !% j6f ;fd'bflos
jgx?df j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgsf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/sf] sfo{of]hgf tof/ kf/L sfof{Gjg ul/Psf]
b]lvG5 . #) j6f ;fem]bf/L jgx? dWo] sfo{of]hgf tof/ ePsf afFsL !# j6f ;fem]bf/L jgx?sf]
sl/j ##,))) x]S6/ If]qdf tTsfn sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg ;lsg] / yk ;fd'bflos jgx?df ;d]t
o;sf] lj:tf/ ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] 5 .
o;/L ljleGg jg Joj:yfkg k4lt cGtu{t j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd nfu" ul/Psf] ePtfklg
;j} ;fd'bflos Pj+ ;fem]bf/L tyf rSnf jg Joj:yfkg of]hgf tof/L tyf sfof{Gjogdf Ps?ktf
/x]sf] b]lv+b}g . a}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlwdf /x]sf] ;Lldt k|fjwfgsf sf/0f ljleGg k|hflt
Pj+ ef}uf]lns If]qsf jgx?sf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;d]t Ps} k|sf/sf] ;Djw{g k|0ffnL cjnDjg ug]{
u/L sfo{of]hgf tof/ kfl/Psf] b]lvG5 h;sf sf/0f ;d]t sfof{Gjogdf sl7gfO b]lvg yfn]sf 5g\ .
:jLs[t jg Joj:yfkg of]hgfdf pNn]v ePsf ljljw ;Djw{g tyf Joj:yfkgsf s[ofsnfx? dWo]
klg ;j} s[ofsnfkx?sf] sfo{Gjg ug{ g;lsPsf] / clwsf+z jgsf] Joj:yfkgdf k'g?Tkfbg s6fg
jfx]ssf cGo s[ofsnfkx? sfof{Gjog gePsf] cj:yf b]lvG5 . j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg sfo{qmdsf]
nflu s]Gb| jf ljefudf cnUu} OsfO{ / hgzlQm x'g g;Sbf k|efjsf/L cg'udg u/L ;do;fk]If
;dLIff Pj+ ;'wf/ ug{ ;lsPsf] cj:yf 5}g . lbuf] ls j}1flgs jg Aoj:yfkg eGg] b'O{ k|sf/sf
cjwf/0ff / o;sf] jx; cem} hf/L /x] klg g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cf=j= @)&%.&^ sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd
/ ah]6df jgsf] Joj:yfkg a}1flgs 9+un] ug]{ / jg If]qnfO{ ;d[l4sf] cfwf/ agfpg] s'/f pNn]v

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
ePsf] 5 . gofF 9+usf] Joj:yfkg sfo{ ePsf] sf/0f s]xL kIfx?df sdL sdhf]/L /x]tf tL kIfx?nfO{
;'wf/ ub}{ pkef]Qmfx? Pj+ lghL If]qsf] ;d]t ;xeflutfdf jgsf] j}1flgs Joj:yfkg u/L sf7
bfp/f nufotsf jg k}bfjf/sf] ;tt\ cfk"lt{ Pj+ pTkfbgdf j[l4 ub}{, b]zleq} jg If]qsf] /f]huf/L
l;h{gf Pj+ jg pBd ljsf; tyf ljljlws/0fsf dfWodaf6 cfly{s ljsf;sf nflu a}1flgs jg
Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd cfjZos 7flgPsf] 5 / ;f]xL p4]Zosf ;fy cl3 jl9/x]sf] cj:yf 5 .
tflnsf g+= ! M g]kfndf j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgsf] jt{dfg cj:yf

j}1flgs jg
Joj:yfkg s'n sf7
nfu" ePsf Joj:yfkg
l;=g+= jgsf] k|sf/ ePsf] If]qkmn pTkfbg Ifdtf
s'n lhNnf ePsf jgsf]
-x]=_ -So"=lkm=_
;+Vof
!= ;fem]bf/L jg !@ !% $),))) !!,$),)))
@= ;fd'bflos jg $) @*% @*,%)) !^,)),)))
rSnf jg -;Nn]/L
#= & & !$,%&@ %,)),)))
jg wgs'6f ;d]t_
s'n hDdf #)& *#,)&@ #@,$),)))
;|f]tM jg ljefu, @)&% / 8f= j'l4 ;fu/ kf}8]n / l6d, jg clws[tx?sf] /fli6«o uf]i7Lsf] k|:t'tL, @)&%
tflnsf @M cfufdL % jif{df j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgsf] ck]lIft cj:yf

% aif{ leq
ljj/0f
;fd'bflos jg ;fem]bf/L jg rSnf jg hDdf
@,@)) j6f #@ j6f * j6f @@$) j6f
nfu" x'g] jg
-@,@),))) x]_ -&%,))) x]_ -!%,))) x]=_ -#,!),))) x]=_
pTkfbg x'g] sf7 **,)),))) #),)),))) ^,)),))) !,@$,)),)))
**,)),))) #),)),))) ^,)),))) !,@$,)),)))
l;{hgf x'g] /f]huf/L -k|ToIf
-#@,%(# AolQm -!!,!!! AolQm -@,@@@ -$%,(@%AolQm
jgIf]q leqsf], >d lbg_
aif{_ aif{_ AolQm aif{_ aif{_
cfjZos kg]{ ah]6 aflif{s
$,@),))) &,%),))) !,*&,%)) !#,%&,%))
-?)))_
cfDbfgL aflif{s
%@,*),))) !*,)),))) #,^),))) &$,$),)))
-?)))_
;|f]tM 8f= j'l4 ;fu/ kf}8]n / l6d, jg clws[tx?sf] /fli6«o uf]i7Lsf] k|:t'tL, @)&%

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
&= cj;/x?
• jgsf] pTkfbsTj Pj+ jg k}bfjf/sf] pTkfbg j[l4 u/L ahf/df sf7 bfp/fsf] ;xh / ;tt\
cfk"lt{ a9fpg ;lsg] h;af6 sf7 bfp/fsf] d"No ;d]t 36\g ;Sg] .
• sf7sf] cfoftnfO{ sd u/L lgof{t j9fpg ;lsg] .
• jg If]qaf6 yk cfDbfgL Pj+ /f]huf/Lsf] l;h{gf u/L :yfgLo tyf /fli6«o cy{tGqdf 6]jf
k'¥ofpg ;lsg] .
• hnjfo' kl/at{gsf] c;/nfO{ cg's"ng, Go"gLs/0f jf sd ub}{ jftfj/0fLo ;]jfdf j[l4 Nofpg
;lsg] .
• h}ljs lalawtfsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ k|j¢{g ug{ ;lsg] .
• k|fs[lts k'g?TkfbgnfO{ a9fpg ;lsg] .
• jg ljgfz / IfoLs/0fnfO{ /f]sL x}l;ot ljlUf|Psf jgsf] :jf:Yodf ;'wf/ Nofpg ;lsg] .
• gljgtd k|ljlwsf] k|of]u x'g] .
• jgIf]qdf ;'zf;g sfod ug{ ;lsg] .
*= ;d:of Pj+ r'gf}tLx?

;d:ofx?
• gLltut ?kdf ;j} ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] :ki6 a'emfO{ gx'g' .
• sfof{Gjog :t/df klg :ki6 a'emfO{ x'g g;Sg' .
• j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg of]hgf tof/L tyf sfo{Gjogdf ;d]t k|fljlwsx? aLrdf g} Ps?ktf
sfod x'g g;Sg' .
• pkef]Qmf nufotsf ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg af/]df :ki6 ?kdf a'emfpg
g;Sg' .
• cfjZostf cg';f/ bIf hgzlQm ljsf; tyf kl/rfng ug{ g;lsg' .
• gljgtd k|ljlw tyf cfw'lgs cf}hf/ pks/0fx?sf] k|of]udf hf]8 lbg g;Sg' .
• pTkflbt sf7 bfp/fsf] ;dodf g} laqmL ljt/0f x'g g;sL sf7 -vf;u/L g/d sf7 k|hflt_sf]
u'0f:t/df sdL cfpg' .
• k|efjsf/L cg'udg / k[i7kf]if0fsf] sdL x'g' .
• cfly{s ;|f]t ;fwg kof{Kt gx'g' .
r'gf}tLx?
• k'g?Tkfbg s6fg jfx]s cGo s[ofsnfkx? Hf:t} M k'g?Tkfbg ;+/If0f, clUg /]vf lgdf{0f,
k'g?Tkfbg tof/L s6fg, cflb sfo{ sfo{of]hgf adf]lhd ;dod} ;DkGg gubf{ jgsf] cj:yfdf
gsf/fTds kl/jt{g cfpg ;Sg] .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
• bIf hgzlQm, k|ljlw, ;|f]t ;fwgsf] cefj Pj+ /fhg}lts sf/0faf6 sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf]
lg/Gt/tf x'g g;sL Joj:yfkgsf] rqmdf c;/ kg{ ;Sg] / gsf/fTds ;Gb]z k|jfx x'g ;Sg] .
• jGohGt'sf] k|fs[lts jf;:yfg, h}ljs ljljwtf Pj+ jftfj/0fLo kIfdf gsf/fTds c;/ kg{
;Sg] .
• cltqmd0f, rf]/L s6fgL, rl/r/0f h:tf s[ofsnfkx?sf] lgoGq0f x'g g;sL yk jg ljgfz
x'g ;Sg] .
• jgsf] k|sf/, k|hflt, ef}uf]lns If]q cg'?ksf k|0ffnL cjnDjg ug{ g;ls+bf cfzfltt pknlJw
xfl;n x'g g;Sg] .
• ;/f]sf/jfnfx?af6 ;xof]u k|fKt ug{ g;sL sfo{qmdsf] lg/Gt/tfdf jfwf k'Ug ;Sg] .
• ;+3Lo ;+/rgf cg';f/sf tLg txsf ;/sf/ / sfof{Gjog lgsfo aLr cfjZos sfg"gL,
k|s[ofut Pj+ sfof{Gjogut kIfx?df ;dGjo / ;dembf/L sfod x'g g;sL sfo{qmd ;+rfngdf
jfwf Jojwfg >[hgf x'g ;Sg] .
(= ;'emfj
• bIf k|fljlws hgzlQmsf] ljsf; ub}{ gofF / cfw'lgs k|ljlw Pj+ pks/0fx?-h:t} df]jfOn PK;\,
sDKo"6/ ;km\6j]o/, /]Gh kmfOG8/, e6]{S;, n]h/ l8:6\ofG; ld6/, lh=lk=P;\=cflb_sf] k|of]u ub}{
;Djw{g Pj+ Joj:yfkgsf] sfo{df yk k|efjsfl/tf Nofpg'kg]{ .
• gLlt lgdf{tf, Joj:yfks, k|fljlws / ;/f]sf/jfnfaLrdf ;femf j'emfO{ x'g] u/L sfo{;+rfng
x'g'kg]{ .
• l;sfO{ / plrt lsl;dn] ;j} k|sf/ / cj:yfsf jgsf] Joj:yfkg ug{ dfu{ k|z:t ug]{ u/L
ljBdfg jg gLlt, jg P]g, lgodfjnL, ;|f]t ;e]{If0f dfu{bz{g Pj+ j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg
sfo{ljlwdf cfjZos kl/dfh{g / ;'wf/ x'g'kg]{ .
• j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf lhNnfx?df ;DalGwt ljifodf bIf sfof{no
k|d'v / ;xof]uL k|fljlwsx?sf] l6d v6fpg] k|fjwfg ug]{ .
• j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg of]hgf sfof{GjognfO{ ;d]t sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgsf] Ps k|d'v cfwf/
jgfpg ;lsg] .
• sf7 bfp/fsf] nut, 5kfg, ;+sng sfo{nfO{ yk ;/nLs[t ug]{ / cfw'lgs k|ljlw h:t} d]lzg
l/8Pjn lrK;\ jf af/sf]8sf] k|of]u ug]{ tyf lnnfd laqmL k|s[ofnfO{ 5f]6f] / ;/n agfO{
3f6u2Ldf nfdf] ;do;Dd sf7 bfp/f /xg] jftfj/0fsf] cgTo ug]{ .
• Jojl:Yft 5fgf] ;lxtsf] 3f6u2L Joj:yfkg u/L g/d k|hfltsf sf7sf] k|efjsf/L ;b'kof]usf
nflu l;hlgª tyf l6«6d]G6 KnfG6 :yfkgf / ;+rfng u/L pTkfbg ljljwtfdf hf]8 lbg] .
• lhNnf / O{nfsf jf sfo{If]qdf sfd ug]{ sd{rf/Lsf] cflu cfjZos kg]{ Go"gtd ef}lts ;fwgx?

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
h:t}M uf8L, cf}hf/ pks/0f tyf cfly{s ;|f]t ;fwgsf] k|jGw u/L pko'Qm jftfj/0fsf] l;{hgf
ug]{ .
• jg ;+/If0f Pj+ Joj:yfkg sfo{df vl6g] sd{rf/L Pj+ sfdbf/sf] ;'/Iffsf nflu gLlt tyf
dfkb08 agfO{ nfu" ug]{ .
• ;do ;dodf sfdbf/ / sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ l/km|];/ tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf;sf sfo{qmd ;+rfng
ug]{ .
• jg Joj:yfkg sfo{of]hgfx?sf] lg/Gt/ / k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug]{, cg'udg lg/LIf0f /
k[i7kf]if0fnfO{ ;3g jgfpFb} ;do;fk]If of]hgf tof/L tyf sfof{GjognfO{ yk ;'wf/ ub}{ hfg] .
!)= lgisif{
g]kfnsf] t/fO{ b]lv pRr kxf8 If]qdf cjl:yt ljleGg k|sf/sf pTkfbgzLn jgx?sf] lbuf] tyf
j}1flgs Joj:yfkgsf dfWodn] jg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj Pj+ jg k}bfjf/sf] pTkfbg a9fO{ b]zleqsf]
sf7 bfp/fsf] cfGtl/s dfusf] k"lt{ ub}{ yk lgof{t a9fP/ jg If]qsf] cfDbfgL a9fO{ ;d[l4 xfl;n ug{
;Sg] k|r'/ ;Defjgf / cj;/ /x]sf] 5 . o;sf nflu ljBdfg jg gLlt, P]g, lgod, lgb]{lzsfx?df
;do;fk]If kl/dfh{g Pj+ ;'wf/ u/L xfn b]lvPsf ;d:of Pj+ r'gf}tLx?sf] plrt k|sf/n] ;Djf]wg
ub}{ cl3 a9\g'kg]{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . o;f] ug{ ;lsPdf xfn ljb]zaf6 eO/x]sf] sf7sf] cfoftnfO{
;d]t /f]Sg ;lsg] / jg If]qaf6 /f]huf/Lsf] l;{hgf, sf7 bfp/fsf] pTkfbg j[l4 u/L jg pBdsf]
ljsf; Pj+ jgsf] :jf:Yodf ;d]t ;'wf/ NofO{ cGttf]uTjf :yfgLo tyf /fli6«o cy{tGqdf ;d]t
7"nf] of]ubfg k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 . d'n's ;+3Lotf sfof{Gjogsf] r/0fdf uO;s]sf] jt{dfg kl/k|]Iodf
;fem]bf/L jg nufotsf xfn sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf jg Joj:yfkg k4lt / jg Joj:yfkg ;d"xx?sf]
clwsf/ Pj+ sfo{If]qdf cfpg;Sg] ;d:ofnfO{ b[li6ut u/L xfnsf jg Joj:yfkg k4lt tyf tL
leqsf lbuf] tyf a}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgsf s[ofsnfkx?nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] u/L l9nf] gu/Lsg jg
If]qsf] pko'Qm k'g;{/rgf u/L ;do;fk]If P]g, lgod, lgb]{lzsfx? tof/ u/L sfof{Gjogdf hfg'kg]{
ckl/xfo{tf b]lvG5 .
;Gbe{ ;fdu|L
• ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkg lgb]{lzsf @)^*, jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno, l;+xb/jf/, sf7df08f}
• jg gLlt @)&!, jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno, l;+xb/jf/, sf7df08f}
• jg If]qsf] gLlt @)%&, jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno, l;+xb/jf/, sf7df08f}
• xfd|f] jg @)&).&!, jg ljefu, jj/dxn, sf7df08f}
• jg P]g @)$( tyf jg lgodfjnL @)%!
• j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw @)&!, jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno, sf7df08f}

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
• jg If]qsf] /0fgLlt @)&@, jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno, sf7df08f}
• /fli6«o jg of]hgf @)##
• jg ljsf; u'? of]hgf @)$%
• jg P]g, @)$( -z+zf]wg @)&# ;lxt_, jg lgodfjnL, @)%! -;+zf]wg ;lxt_
• ofbj, gfu]Gb| k|= -@))*_, ;xeflutfd"ns jg Joj:yfkg k4ltaf6 jg, cfly{s ljsf;
/ /f]huf/Ldf k/]sf] k|efj, Pn=Pkm=kL= /flKt If]qsf] cWoogM ;fd'bflos jg /fli6«o uf]i7L
@)^%, g]kfn
• 8f= a'l4;fu/ kf}8]n / l6d, jg clws[tx?sf] /fli6«o uf]i7Lsf] k|:t'tL, @)&%
• k|yd /fli6«o ;fem]bf/L jg uf]i7L k|ltj]bg @)&!, jg ljefu, jj/dxn, sf7df08f}
• bf];|f] /fli6«o ;fem]bf/L jg uf]i7Lsf] 3f]if0ffkq @)&$, jg ljefu, jj/dxn, sf7df08f}
• kfFrf} ;fd'bflos jg uf]i7Lsf] k|ltj]bg @)^%, jg ljefu, jj/dxn, sf7df08f}
• 5}6f}+ ;fd'bflos jg uf]i7Lsf] k|ltj]bg @)&), jg ljefu, jj/dxn, sf7df08f}
• lhNnf jg clws[tx?sf] rf}yf] /fli6«o uf]i7Lsf] k|ltj]bg @)^^, jg ljefu, jj/dxn,
sf7df08f}
• lhNnf jg clws[tx?sf] kfFrf} /fli6«o uf]i7Lsf] k|ltj]bg @)&!, jg ljefu, jj/dxn,
sf7df08f}
• k|yd jg ;Djw{g /fli6««o sfo{zfnf uf]i7Lsf] k|ltj]bg @)&#, jg ljefu, jj/dxn,
sf7df08f}
• jg clws[tx?sf] uf]i7Lsf] 3f]if0ffkq, @)&%

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
R E D D + i n N e p al
M oh an P ou d e l,P h D
REDD Implementation Center
R E D D + d e ve l op m e n t s t at u s i n N e p al
A policy mechanism for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation, as well
as increasing carbon stock by the sustainable management of forests – more commonly known
as REDD+. REDD+ seeks to pay forest managers for verifiable emissions reductions. Nepal is a
party to the UNFCCC, the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. After the 13th COP in Bali, in
2007, Nepal initiated various REDD readiness activities. The Ministry of Forest and Environment
submitted a REDD Readiness Plan Idea Note (R-PIN) to the FCPF of the World Bank in March
2008. Subsequently, the REDD Forestry and Climate Change Cell, currently called the REDD
Implementation Center, was established under the Ministry of Forests and Environment. The
government then prepared the Readiness Preparation Proposal (R-PP), which was submitted to FCPF
in April 2010 and was endorsed by participant committee of FCPF in June 2010. Figure 1 shows the
landscape of REDD+ development in Nepal. The readiness activities have been supported by several
donors especially FCPF, UN-REDD and other development partners such as USAID, SDC, DFID,
GIZ and NORAD.
F i gu r e 1 L an d s c ap e of R E D D + d e ve l op m e n t i n N e p al

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
Nepal has prepared a readiness report (i.e. R-Package) through multi-stakeholder self-assessment
process which was endorsed by the FCPF in 2016. The R Package has not only reflected progress
that Nepal has achieved so far but also has opened window to access additional grant to complete
readiness activities. As planned in the R-PP many studies have been carried out on the various key
areas such as Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment (SESA), Environmental and Social
Management Framework (ESMF), analytical studies on Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM),
drivers of deforestation, carbon ownership, the political economy of land use and the value of Nepal’s
forests; Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) system design, and Forest Reference Level
(FRL) estimation. These have resulted a valuable findings, which provided basis for an effective
design and implementation of the National REDD+ Strategy. Table 1 shows outcomes of self
assessment of REDD+ process in Nepal based on progress by the Mid of 2016.
T ba l e 1: O u t c om e s of s e l f as s e s s m e n t of R E D D + r e ad i n e s s i n N e p al ( 2016)
Readiness Components Progress Status
1. Readiness Organization and Consultation
1a. National REDD+ Management Arrangement
1b. Consultation, Participation and Outreach
2. Prepare the REDD Strategy
2a.Assessment of Land Use, Land-Use Change Drivers, Forest Law, Policy and
Governance
2b. REDD Strategy Options
2c. REDD Implementation Framework
2d. Social and Environmental Impacts
3. Forest Reference Levels
4.Monitoring System for Forests & Safeguards
4a. National Forest Monitoring System
4b. Information System for Multiple Benefits, Other Impacts, Governance, and
Safeguards
Significant progress Insignificant progress
Progress well Further development required Not demonstrated progress
V i s i on , m i s s i on an d ob j e c t i ve s an d gu i d i n g p r i n c i p l e s of R E D D + i n N e p al
Nepal has defined its vision, mission and objectives for REDD+ implementation based on which
REDD+ strategy and action plans are being developed. REDD+ activities and their implementation
approaches will be guided by some guiding principles as shown in Box below. The guiding principles
are developed considering safeguard principles, Cancun safeguards in particular.

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
V i s i on , m i s s i on an d ob j e c t i ve s an d gu i d i n g p r i n c i p l e s f or R E D D + i n N e p al
Vision: Optimize carbon and non-carbon benefits of forest ecosystems for the
prosperity of the people of Nepal.
Mission: To strengthen the integrity and resilience of forest ecosystems, and improve
socio-economic and environmental values of forests for emission reductions and
increased community benefits through improved policy and legal measures, improved
institutional functioning, and enhanced stakeholders' capacity, capability and
inclusiveness.
Objectives:
1. To reduce carbon emission, enhance carbon sequestration and enhance climate
resilience through both mitigation and adaptation approaches by intensifying
sustainable management of forest resources and minimizing the causes and effects of
drivers of deforestation and forest degradation across the ecological regions.
2. To ensure fair and equitable sharing of carbon and non-carbon benefits of forests
among rights holders with effective implementation of safeguard measures.
3. To increase livelihood assets and diversify employment opportunities of forest
dependent communities, particularly poor, women, IPs and Dalits.
4. To improve and harmonize policy and legal framework to harness carbon and non-
carbon benefits; strengthen institutional capability and improve governance of forest
agencies and the forest sector.
5. To establish and maintain a robust National Forest Monitoring System with strong
monitoring, reporting and verification mechanisms.
Guiding principles
• Aligning with overall national development goals and strategies
• Building on the successful community-based approaches and practices
• Enhancing harmony and synergy among different sectors and agencies
• Utilizing and building on the existing capacity and capabilities
• Maintaining ecosystem integrity and optimizing the wide range of ecosystem
benefits and
• Promoting people-centric, gender and socially inclusive practices and approaches,
as well as equitable benefit sharing and social justice
• Addressing and respecting social, and environmental safeguards
• Strengthening participatory, reliable and efficient measurement, monitoring and
information system
• Improving forestry sector governance and multi-stakeholder approaches

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
To oversee and to implement REDD+, the Ministry of Forests and Environment established a three-
tiered institutional mechanism. They include: 1) a REDD+ multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder
coordinating and monitoring committee known as the apex body, 2) the REDD Working Group at
the operational level and 3) the REDD Implementation Center as the coordinating entity. In addition,
a stakeholder forum has been practiced to engage a wide range of stakeholders in the entire REDD+
process. At district or local level, a multi-stakeholder working group called REDD Working Group
(RWG) will be established including DFO, representatives from FECOFUN, NEFIN and related
women groups and NGOs. A REDD desk will be established under a district forest office to serve
as the secretariat of the DRWG. Figure 2 shows institutional arrangement for REDD+ readiness at
Figure 2: Institutional arrangement for getting ready for REDD+
central level.
Currently various programs supporting Nepal’s REDD readiness and demonstration activities are
underway. The major programs are explained in the following sections.
E m i s s i on s R e d u c t i on P r ogr am : Given the experiences from preliminary REDD+ initiatives,
Nepal is preparing to pilot a sub national level performance-based carbon trading scheme under
the FCPF carbon fund support. The proposed sub-national Emission Reduction Program (ERP)
covers 12 districts of the Terai Arc Landscape (TAL), and is expected to start from early 2018.
Nepal has committed at national and international level to reduce emissions by addressing drivers of

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
deforestation and forest degradation and therefore
Nepal is actively engaged in REDD readiness
and implementation process. Additionally, this
is a step towards the decentralization of forest
management, strengthening of community-based
forestry and resource use, enhancement of non-
carbon benefits and recognition of customary
practices. This will furthermore create opportunity
to access finance for REDD+.
R E D D + H i m al ay P r oj e c t : The specific
objective of the REDD+ Himalaya project
jointly implemented by REDD IC and ICIMOD
is to strengthen the capacity of the REDD
Implementation Centre to prepare its self
for implementation of REDD+ activities at
sub-national level. The project assists in the
establishment and development of the REDD desk at district levels in Dolkha, Gorkha and Chitwan
as pilot districts which are being used as learning centers for mainstreaming REDD+ activities in
sustainable forest management practices.
F or e s t I n ve s t m e n t P r ogr am ( F I P ) : Nepal has also sought access to Forest Investment Program
(FIP): a funding window of the Climate Investment Fund (CIF). Nepal’s letter of intent to receive
forest investment plan preparation grant was accepted by the FIP and an agreement was made between
Nepal and the World Bank (an administrator of FIP), on December 19, 2016. Nepal prepared and
submitted its FIP investment plan to the FIP subcommittee in October 2017. The FIP subcommittee
assessed the submission through a technical assessment panel. Based on the assessment report and
Nepal's commitment for future improvement, the subcommittee accepted the investment plan in
December 2017. This has secured 24 million US$ finance for Nepal to be invested for the betterment
of forests, environment and economy of Nepal. The FIP investment plan has identified priority
actions to address the challenges and opportunities related to forests, including but not limited
to sustainable management of forests, biodiversity conservation, livelihood diversification and
enhancement of indigenous peoples and local communities. FIP investments will be complemented
by the FIP Dedicated Grant Mechanism (DGM)t of worth 4.5 million $US that will particularly be
used for capacitating Indigenous People and Local Communities through a small grants program
designed and implemented by Nepal’s Indigenous Peoples and local community groups.
R E D D + an d C om m u n i t y B as e d F or e s t M an age m e n t ( C B F M ) : While REDD+ has been initiated

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
through several forest management regimes in Nepal, the implementation of REDD+ through CBFM
may have critical importance since CBFM regimes provide a source of subsistence for local people
and conservation of forest for both biodiversity and carbon emissions. Existing experiences of
implementation of REDD+ and similar carbon mechanisms through community managed forests
have demonstrated both complementarities and conflicts between CBFM approaches and REDD+
resulting in both negative and positive outcomes for carbon stocks, local livelihoods, non-carbon
forest ecosystem services and forest biodiversity.
C h al l e n ge s f or e f f e c t i ve i m p l e m e n t at i on of R E D D + i n N e p al : At a time when overarching Forest
Policy 2015 and Forestry Sector Strategy 2016 are in place and being implemented, implementation
of REDD+ mechanism not only opens up opportunities for additional benefits of mitigation measures
and finance, but also creates a range of risks and challenges. Although Nepal has adopted a 'no harm'
strategy to the existing social, economic and ecological benefit while embracing REDD+ programs,
the following potential challenges have been identified.
• F e d e r al r e s t r u c t u r i n g: Ongoing political transition, particularly moving away from a unitary
state to federal governance that may shift natural resource management authority to province and
local levels of governments may pose some challenges in implementing the REDD+ Strategy.
• C ap ac i t y , c ap ab i l i t y an d t e c h n ol ogy: REDD+ program need to be streamlined with overall

forestry program for its effective implementation. While government foresters are relatively well
trained in working with local communities and stakeholders, only a few are adequately trained
and have experience on developing management plans integrating REDD+ activities especially in
conducting MRV.
• F i n an c i n g: Nepal has to seek external financing for REDD+. However, uncertainty and
cumbersome process of receiving international funds may pose challenge for the implementation of
REDD+.
• G ove r n an c e an d ove r e xp e c t at i on : Governance, across the political, bureaucratic and community

institutions, is still a major challenge despite continued efforts to improve the performance,
transparency and accountability. The over expectations of the local communities is also considered
as a challenge and need to be addressed through outreach program and developing a transparent
benefit sharing mechanism.

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
e"–kl/lw :t/Lo ;+/If0f tyf jg

Joj:yfkg M cjwf/0ffut cg'ejaf6 s]xL
l;sfO{, r'gf}tL tyf eljiosf] af6f]
kz'klt gfy sf]O/fnf

cfof]hgf ;+of]hs
kxf8L ;fgf ls;fgsf nflu cg's"ng cfof]hgf
xfQL;f/, sf7df8f}
!= kl/ro tyf k[i7e"ld
g]kfnsf] jg If]qsf] ;+/If0fdf ljz]if u/L j}wflgs z'?jft lghL jg h+un /fli6«os/0f P]g, @)!#
kZrft ePsf] eGg ;lsG5 . b]z e/sf] jg If]qnfO{ Joj:yfkg ug{sf] nflu jg P]g, @)!* n] e"ldsf
v]n]sf] ePtfklg jGohGt' ;+/If0f tyf k|fs[lts jf;:yfgsf] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu /fli6«o lgs'~h tyf
jGohGt' ;+/If0f P]g, @)@( kZrft dfq lgs'~hx?sf] 3f]if0ff eP kl5 ePsf] xf] . clxn] g]kfnsf]
s"n e"efusf] @#=#@ k|ltzt efu ;+/If0f If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 eg] sl/j #% k|ltzt jg If]q ;d'bfodf
cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg k4ltdf cfj4 ePsf] kfOG5 . g]kfnsf] e"ld k|0ffnL cg';f/ jg If]q cyf{t
;/sf/L :jfldTj, lghL hUuf tyf jg If]q afx]ssf] ;fj{hlgs e"ldsf] ?kdf juL{s/0f ug{ ;lsG5 .
ctoj h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, Joj:yfkg tyf lbuf] kfl/l:yltsLo ;]jf k|flKtsf] nflu kl5Nnf]
bzsdf e"kl/lw :t/Lo Joj:yfkg tyf 9fFrfaf6 pknlAw eO/x]sf] x'Fbf o;sf] yk rrf{ ug{sf]
nflu of] n]v k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . of] n]v g]kfnsf] cfˆgf] cg'ej tyf n]vsn] dgg u/]sf] ljifodf
cfwfl/t eP/ n]lvPsf] 5 .
e"kl/lw :t/sf] ;+/If0f tyf k'g{:yfkgf lsg cfjZos 5 eGg] ljifodf dgg x'g' cfjZos 5 . k|s[lt
tyf k|fs[lts ;+efjgfnfO{ cTolws dfgjd'vL agfpg vf]h]sf]n] g} ;d:ofx? lgDTofpg] u/]sf] 5 .
ctojM lgDg sf/0fn] ubf{ of] If]qsf] ljsf; cjwf/0ff kfl/l:yltsLo ;]jfsf] Joj:yfkgdf cufl8
;fl/Psf] xf] .
• hLljt k|hfltx?sf] s'g} klg cfˆgf] ;Ldf /x]sf] x'Fb}g .
• ;d:ofx? Ps csf{ k|lt cGt/;DalGwt /x]sf x'G5g\ -Symptomatic and interrelated_ .
• s'g} lglZrt k|sf/sf] ;dfwfg 5||}g . lg/Gt/?kdf ;Df:ofx? ylkb} uPsf] 5 Hf:t} hnjfo'
kl/jt{gsf] c;/, ef}lts ljsf;sf] dfux? cflb .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
• cTolws dfqfdf ;/f]sf/jfnfx? /x]sf] / ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] k[ys k[ys cGt/lglxt :jfy{x?
/x]sf] .
• ;d:ofx?nfO{ cfˆg} :jfy{ cg';f/sf] j'em\g] k|j[lQ .
• ;dfwfgsf] nflu ljleGg lgsfox?sf] lhDd]jf/L /x]sf] tyf lhDd]jf/L Pj+ pQ/bfloTj jf]wsf]
cfjZostf /x]sf] .
• ;dfwfgsf] nflu ljleGg tl/sfsf] 9fFrf tyf k|f?kx? sfof{Gjog ul/Psf] ePtfklg 7f];
;dfwfg gePsf] .
pk/f]Qm adf]lhdsf] ljleGg sf/0fx?nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{sf] nflu g]kfnn] canDag u/]sf] k|f?k
adf]lhdsf] l;sfO{ tyf cg'ejx? lgDg adf]lhd k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
@= g]kfnsf] cg'ej
g]kfnn] cf}krfl/s ?kdf e"kl/lw :t/sf] sfo{s|d ;g @))$ b]lv ;g @)!$ ;Dd t/fO{sf !$
lhNnfx? ;d]6]/ t/fO{ e"kl/lw sfo{s|d ;+rfng u/]sf] / k'gM ;g @)!^ b]lv ;g @)@% ;Dd t/fO{
e"kl/lw /0fgLlt dfkm{t sfo{s|d ;+rfng u/]sf] kfOG5 . o;} aLrdf lrtjg–cGgk"0f{ e"kl/lw, s}nfz
kljq e"kl/lw, kljq lxdfno e"kl/lw tyf s~rgh+3f e"kl/lw:t/df sfo{s|dx? ;+rfng e}/x]sf]
5 . /fli6«o :t/df e"kl/lw :t/sf] sfo{s|dnfO{ d"n k|jfxLs/0fsf] ?kdf cfTd;ft u/]sf] ePtfklg
sfo{s|d :t/df o;sf] dd{ adf]lhdsf] sfo{s|dsf] ?kdf ;+rfng x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . of] sfo{s|dnfO{
;xof]uL sfo{s|dsf] ?kdf d"Vo sfo{s|dx?n] lnPsf] kfOG5 . h:t} t/fO{sf] jfudtLb]lv s~rgk'/
;Ddsf] lhNnfx? / s]xL kxf8L If]qsf] lhNnfx? ;d]t ;d]6]/ !* lhNnfdf t/fO{ e"kl/lw sfo{s|dsf]
/0fgLltn] ;d]6] klg lhNnf:t/sf] d'Vo sfo{s|dx?df o; /0fgLltn] c+lusf/ u/]sf] ls|ofsnfkx?
;+:yfut ?kdf d"n k|jflxs/0f x'g ;s]s]f 5}g . tyflk o; sfo{s|daf6 w]/} ;sf/fTds k|ltkmn tyf
pknlAwx? k|fKt ePsf] 5 .
h}ljs ljljwtf dxf;lGw, ;g !((@ n] kl/nlIft u/]sf] p2]Zo k"/f ug{sf] nflu ;g @))@ df
tof/ ul/Psf] g]kfn h}ljs ljljwtf /0fgLlt tyf ;g @)!$ b]lv ;g @)@) ;Ddsf] nflu tof/
ul/Psf] g]kfn h}ljs ljljwtf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{of]hgfn] klg e"kl/lw :t/sf] Joj:yfkgnfO{ hf]8
lbPsf] 5 . o;}u/L t/fO{ e"kl/lw sfo{s|dsf] pknlAwnfO{ cem Jojl:yt tyf kl/is[t ug{sf] nflu
lgDg adf]lhd ;+/If0f e"kl/lwx? -Conservation landscapes_ klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
tflnsf g++ !M ;+/If0f e"kl/lwx?
s|=;+= e"kl/wsf] gfd If]qkmn -ju{ lhNnfx? d"Vo p2]Zo s}lkmot
ls=ld=_
! t/fO{ e"kl/lw @$,&!)=!# !* -t/fOsf] /f}tx6 b]lv g]kfnsf] t/fO{ If]qsf] &% ef/t /
s~rgk'/ nufot kfNkf, k|ltzt jg If]qsf] ;+/If0f, g]kfndf /x]sf]
c3f{vfFrL, ;Nofg, ;'v]{t / h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f o; e"kl/lwaf6
88]nw'/f_ tyf jg If]qdf cfl>t b'j} b]zsf] h}ljs
hgtfsf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf ljljwtf ;+/If0fdf
;xof]u . of]ubfg -ljz]if u/L
7"nf k|hfltx? u}F8f,
jf3, xfQL, cgf{,
uf}/L ufO{, jfx|
l;+3f cflb_
@ lrtjg cGgk"0f #@,)() !( lhNnfx? pQ/ / hnjfo"d}qL ;+/If0f tyf
e"kl/lw blIf0f If]qsf] ;dfof]hgsf] Joj:yfkg
nflu ljz]if u/L u08sL
hnfwf/sf] Joj:yfkgsf]
nflu .
# kljq lxdfno @#,##^=#^ !& lhNnfx? l;Gw'kfNrf]s Ecotone of
e"kl/w b]lv tfKn]h'+usf] s]xL efu paleoarctic and
ljz]if u/L sf]lz gbLsf] oriental geographical
hnfwf/ If]qnfO{ ;d]6]/ . realms converge
$ s}nfz kljq !#,@$^=!* g]kfnsf] x'Dnf, aemf+u, s}nfz dfg;/f]j/ If]qsf]
e"kl/lw j}t8L tyf bfr'{nf Pj+ ;f}Gbo{ tyf lxdfno
ef/t / lrgdf km}lnPsf] .If]qsf] kfl/l:ytLsLo
k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yfkg ug{ .
% s~rgh+3f %,!() g]kfn, ef/tsf] l;SsLd ljZjsf] h}ljs ljljwtfsf]
e"kl/lw tyf e"6fgdf km}lnPsf] / nflu clt hf]lvd
g]kfndf s]jn @! k|ltzt If]qsf] Joj:yfkg tyf
dfq /x]sf] . jftfj/0fLo ;]jfsf]
k|jfxnfO{ lg/Gt/tf u/L
lqb]zLo ;xsfo{nfO{
clej[l4 ug]{ .
^ s0ff{nL e"kl/lw #!,$&!=$@ kxf8L If]qsf] c5fd jftfj/0fLo ;]jfsf]
b]lv ;Nofg ;Dd s0ff{nL k|jfxnfO{ ;ttM ?kdf gofF k|:tfj
hnfwf/nfO{ cfwf/ lnP/ pTkfbg ug]{ . ul/Psf] .
k|:tfj ul/Psf] .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
s|=;+= e"kl/wsf] gfd If]qkmn -ju{ lhNnfx? d"Vo p2]Zo s}lkmot
ls=ld=_
& k"jL{ r'/] t/fO{ (,&!*=($ t/fO{ e"kl/lw sfo{s|dsf] r'/] tyf t/fO{ If]qsf] gofF k|:tfj
e"kl/lw k"jL{ If]qsf] lj:tf/ tyf h}ljs ljljwtf tyf sf]zL ul/Psf] .
;aeGbf sd jg If]q hnfwf/sf] tNnf] t6sf]
ePsf] e"kl/lw If]q Joj:yfkgdf of]ubfg
ug]{ .
o;} u/L !$ cf} lqjifL{o of]hgfdf klZrd kxf8L e"kl/lwsf] k/LIf0fsf] ?kdf klg sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu
;dfj]; ul/Psf] / cf=j= )&$.&% b]lv /f]Nkf b]lv c5fd, 8f]6L;DDf ;fgf] :t/df eP klg sfof{Gjog
ul/Psf] 5 . jg ljefun] o; e"kl/lwsf] cWoog u/fPsf] / ljleGg pk e"kl/lwx?sf] klxrfg klg ul/Psf]
ePtfklg cf}krfl/s ?kdf o; e"kl/lwsf] sfo{s|d cufl8 j9L ;s]sf] 5}g .
@=! e"kl/lw :t/sf] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu ePsf] gLltut tyf /0fgLltut Joj:yfx?
g]kfndf jg If]qsf] Joj:yfkg tyf h}ljs ljljwtfnfO{ ;+/If0f, Joj:yfkg tyf a'l4dQfk"j{s
;b'kof]u ug'{ kb{5 eGg] jfSof+zx? ljleGg sfg"gL tyf gLltut b:tfj]hx?df /fVg] ul/Psf] 5 .
e"kl/lw :t/sf] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu ePsf] /0fgLltut lbzf lgb]{z lgDg adf]lhd /x]sf] kfOG5 .
@=@=! g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg / sfg"gx?df ePsf] e"kl/lw k|0ffnL sfof{Gjog ug{ ;xof]uL Joj:yfx?
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] ef}uf}lns ljljwtfnfO{ ljz]iftfsf] ?kdf c+lusf/ u/]sf] 5 . o;} u/L wf/f %!
sf] /fHosf gLltx?df k|fs[lts ;fwg ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g / pkof]u ;DaGwL gLlt cGt/ut
cGt/k':tf ;dGofo nfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/]sf] 5 eg] kof{j/0fLo lbuf] ljsf;sf] l;4fGt cjnDag ug]{
elgPsf] 5 . ljz]iftM hg;fwf/0fdf jftfj/0fLo :jR5tf ;DaGwL r]tgf a9fO{ cf}Bf]lus Pj+ ef}lts
ljsf;af6 jftfj/0fdf kg{ ;Sg] hf]lvdnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ub}{ jg, jGohGt', kIfL, jg:klt tyf h}ljs
ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g / lbuf] pkof]u ug]{, jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ngsf nflu cfjZos e"efudf
jg If]q sfod /fVg], k|s[lt, jftfj/0f jf h}ljs ljljwtfdfly gsf/fTds c;/ k/]sf] jf kg{ ;Sg]
cj:yfdf gsf/fTds jftfj/0fLo k|efj lgd"{n jf Go"g ug{ pko'Qm pkfox¿ cjnDag ug]{ h:tf
d'Vo gLltx? /x]sf 5g\ .
;du| h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f, jg Joj:yfkg,jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf hnfwf/ Joj:yfkgsf] nflu
ljBdfg /x]sf sfg"gx? lgDg adf]lhd /x]sf 5g\ .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
tflnsf g+= @ M ljBdfg sfg"gL Joj:yf / e"kl/lw sfo{s|dnfO{ ;xof]uL k|fjwfgx?
P]g, sfg"gx? e"kl/lw If]qsf] ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkgdf k'u]sf ;xof]ux?

!= lghL jg h+un jg If]qsf] ;+/If0fdf ;fj{hlgs bfloTjnfO{ cfTd;ft u/]sf] .
/fli6«os/0f P]g, @)!#
@= /fli6o lgs'~h tyf ljleGg kfl/l:ytLsLo k|0ffnLx?sf] h}ljs ljljwtf tyf
jGohGt' ;+/If0f P]g, jftfj/0fLo ;+/If0fdf of]ubfg . ;+/If0f If]qx?df hg;xeflutf
@)@( kl/rfng u/L dWojtL{ If]q ;d]tsf] cjwf/0ffaf6 j[xb e"kl/lwsf]
cjwf/0ffsf] ljsf; .
#= jg P]g, @)$( ;+/If0f If]q tyf lghL If]qsf] e"kl/lw aLrsf] ;lGgs6tfnfO{ hf]8]/
e"kl/lw Joj:yfkgsf] nflu of]ubfg u/]sf] .
$= jftfj/0f ;+/If0f P]g, jg tyf h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, Joj:yfkg tyf ;b'kof]usf]
@)%# nflu jftfj/0fLo Joj:yfkgsf] nflu of]ubfg .
$= e" tyf hnfwf/ ;+/If0f hnfwf/Lo Joj:yfkgsf] nflu ;du| cjwf/0ffsf] Joj:yf -oBlk
P]g, @)#( nfu" x'g g;s]sf]_ .
%= ;Í6fkGg jGohGt' tyf ljz]if k|hfltx?sf] k|;f/0f tyf Joj:yfkgnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{sf]
jg:kltsf] cG/f{/fli6«o nflu ePsf] k|fjwfgaf6 k|hfltsf] ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg .
Jofkf/ lgoGq0f P]g,
@)&#
@=@=@ jg If]qsf] gLlt, /0fgLltx? tyf sfo{of]hgfdf ePsf] Joj:yfx?

s= jg gLlt, @)&!
jg gLlt @)&! df jg If]qnfO{ PsLs[t ?kdf Joj:yfkg tyf Ps cfk;df hf]l8Psf jf
;/sf/åf/f Aojl:yt glhsdf kg]{ ;–;fgf jgnfO{ PsLs[t ?kdf Joj:yfkg ul/g] u/L
sfo{gLlt lnOPsf] 5 . o;}u/L lbuf] ljsf; / kof{j/0fLo ;Gt'ng -;Ldfkf/ h}ljs dfu{ ;d]t_
sfod ug{ e"–kl/lw:t/df ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf] sfo{ ul/g] tyf gbL k|0ffnLdf -River
basin_ cfwfl/t a[xt\ hnfwf/ If]qsf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/ hnfwf/ If]qsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ Joj:yfkg
ug]{ pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
v= jg If]qsf] /0fgLlt, @)&#
;/sf/4f/f Jojl:yt jg tyf ;+/If0f If]qsf] jg Joj:yfkgsf] nflu e"kl/lw :t/df of]hgf
tof/L, Joj:yfkgsf] nflu ;d'bfox? ;d]tsf] kl/rfng u/]/ sfo{s|dx? ;+rfng ug]{ /0fgLlt
cjnDag ug{ lbzf lgb]{z ul/Psf] 5 . o; /0fgLltn] ;+:yfut e"kl/w dfkm{t jg If]qsf]
Joj:yfkg ug'{ kg]{ pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
u= h}ljs ljljwtf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{of]hgf, @)&)
o; /0fgLltn] g]kfndf klxrfg eO;s]sf e"kl/lwx?df h}ljs ljljwtf tyf jg Joj:yfkgsf]
sfo{nfO{ yk j}1flgs Pj+ pTkfbgd'vL agfpg] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o;} /0fgLlt tyf
sfo{of]hgfnfO{ yk sfof{Gjog ug{ t/fO{ e"kl/lw tyf lrtjg cGgk"0f{ e"kl/lw /0fgLlt tyf
sfo{of]hgf klg tof/ u/L sfo{fGjog ul/Psf] 5 .
3= s[lif ljsf; /0fgLlt, @)&!
hLljsf]kfh{gsf] pkfh{g tyf jg If]qsf] pTkfbg j[l4sf] nflu ;d'bfo:t/sf] e"kl/lw
Joj:yfkgnfO{ c+lusf/ u/]sf] 5 .
@=# pknlAwsf If]qx?

g]kfndf ljz]if u/L e"kl/lw :t/sf] jg ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkgaf6 ;+/If0f If]qsf] Joj:yfkg eO{
h}ljs ljljwtf Pj+ kof{j/0fLo ;Gt'ngsf] nflu pRr of]ubfg ePsf] ePtfklg yk e"kl/lw :t/sf]
/0fgLltut sfof{Gjogaf6 j[xb?kdf jgsf] Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0fdf of]ubfg lbPsf] 5 . d'Vo
of]ubfgnfO{ jg Joj:yfkgsf] If]qdf ljlzli6s[t ubf{ lgDg adf]lhd pknlAw ePsf] pNn]v ug{
;lsG5 .
@=#=! h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg
jg If]q cGt/ut ljz]if k|hfltx? t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]zdf ;lt;fn, ljho;fn tyf ;fnsf] ;+/If0f
tyf Joj:yfkg eO{/fv]sf] 5 eg] kxf8L If]qdf cf]v/, rfFk tyf u'/fF;sf] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu sfo{x?
cufl8 a9fO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] kfOG5 . jg ljefun] ljho;fnsf] ;+/If0f sfo{of]hgf @)&% :jLs[t
u/L kfFr jif]{ sfo{s|d sfof{Gjogsf] nflu sfo{x? cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy;fy} ljleGg
lsl;dsf h8Lj'6Lx?sf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu k|fyldstf lbOPsf] 5 .
@=#=@ jg Joj:yfkg
e"kl/lw :t/df lbuf] jg Joj:yfkgsf] sfo{x?nfO{ ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkg, ;fd'bflos jg
Joj:yfkg, rSnf jg Joj:yfkgsf] dfWodaf6 cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 . ljleGGf ;d"xx?df ljeQm u/L
jg Joj:yfkg u/] klg ;Dk"0f{ e"kl/lw txdf ljz]if u/L t/fO{ e"kl/lwdf lbuf] jg Joj:yfkg tyf
jg ;Daw{g k|0ffnLsf] canDag, kxf8L If]qsf] jg Joj:yfkgdf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] Joj:yfkg
Pj+ hnfwf/ Joj:yfkgsf] nflu hf]8 lbPsf] kfOG5 .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
@=#=# hnfwf/ Joj:yfkg Ifltu|:t e"ld k'g?Tyfg tyf Joj:yfkg
gbL k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg tyf Ifltu|:t e"ldsf] k'g?Tyfgsf] sfo{ lrtjg cGgk"0f{
e"kl/lw tyf r'/] If]qsf] jg Joj:Yffkg k|0ffnLdf nfu" ul/Psf] 5 . kljq lxdfn e"kl/lw tyf s}nfz
kljq e"kl/lw If]qdf nufgL sd ePsf] 5 .
@=#=$ hLljsf]kfh{g ;'wf/ tyf ;xof]u

ljz]if u/L t/fO{ e"kl/lw sfo{s|d tyf cGo e"kl/lw sfo{s|d dfkm{t xl/t k|s[ltsf] hLljsf]kfh{g Pj+
jg pBd h8Lj'l6 v]tL lj:tf/, ;fgf kmlg{r/, cld|;f] v]tL, nf]Stf, lr/fOtf] cflbsf] v]tL lj:tf/sf]
sfo{x? e}/fv]sf] 5 . hLljsf]kfh{g Pj+ cfo cfh{gsf] ls|ofsnfkdf ;xof]u gu/];Dd h}ljs
ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkgdf hg;xeflutf h'6fpg g;lsg] ePsf]n] o; If]qdf nufgL eO{
s]xL xb;Dd ;sf/fTds wf/0ffsf] ljsf; ug{ d2t k'u]sf] 5 .
@=#=% dfgj jGohGt' åGå Joj:yfkg tyf Go"gLs/0f

e"kl/lw :t/sf] ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf] d'Vo pknlAw jGohGt'x?sf] ;+Vofdf pNn]Vo j[l4 xf]
h:t} u}F8f, jf3, cgf{, jfx|l;+3f cflb . t/ o:tf k|hfltsf] j[l4;Fu} dfgj jGohGt'sf] 4Gb klg
a9]sf] 5 . t/ o; If]qdf e"kl/lw :t/sf] jg Joj:yfkg;Fu;Fu} åGå Joj:yfkgsf] nflu klg r]tgf
a9fpg] tyf ;d'bfox?sf] kl/rfngdf ;kmntf k|fKt ePsf] 5 . e"kl/lw :t/df g} lzsf/ k|lt/f]wL
:yfgLo ;d"xx?, dWojtL{ If]qsf ;d'bfox? nufot ;fd'bflos jgx?n] ;dfwfgsf] nflu ;sf/fTds
k|j[lQsf] ljsf; u/]sf] kfOG5 . oBlk of] If]q ;aeGbf r'gf}tLk"0f{ If]qsf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 .
@=#=^ h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0fsf] nflu ;Ldf ljlxg ;DaGw lj:tf/

e"kl/lw :t/sf] Joj:yfkg tyf b[li6sf]0faf6 g]kfn, ef/t, rLg, e"6fg aLr h}ljs ljljwtf tyf
jg If]qsf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu ;femf bfloTjsf] lhDd]jf/jf]w u/fPsf] 5 . k"j{df s~rgh+3f e"kl/lwn]
g]kfn, l;SsLd tyf e"6fg aLrdf ;xsfo{ u/fPsf] 5 eg] t/fO{ e"kl/lwn] g]kfn / ef/t aLrsf]
jg Joj:yfkg tyf h}ljs ljljwtfsf] If]qdf of]ubfg u/]sf] 5 . o;}u/L s}nfz tyf kljq lxdfn
e"kl/lw sfo{s|daf6 g]kfn / rLg aLrdf yk ;xsfo{ ug{ dBt k'u]sf] 5 . o; If]qsf] k|d'v pknlAw
eg]sf] h}ljs ljljwtf tyf xl/t If]q Joj:yfkgsf] nflu l;dfljxLg lhDd]jf/L jxg ug{sf] nflu
;+:yfut e"kl/lwsf] cjwf/0ff tyf ;d'bfo ;d'bfo aLrsf] e"kl/lwsf] l;{hgf u/]sf] 5 .
#= jg If]qsf] Joj:yfkg tyf hnfwf/ Joj:yfkgdf e"kl/lw :t/sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ sfof{Gjog ul/Psf] If]qx?
g]kfndf e"kl/lwsf] cjwf/0ffsf] jg If]qsf] ljsf; k4lt cg'?k lgDg adf]lhdsf] sfo{x? klg
e"kl/lw k|0ffnL cg';f/ g} ePsf] dfGg' kb{5 .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
#=! r'/], t/fO{ tyf dw]zsf] ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg
/fi6«klt r'/] t/fO{ dw]z ;+/If0f ljsf; ;ldltn] ;+rfng ul//x]sf] r'/] If]qsf] jg tyf e"ld
Joj:yfkg t/fO{, r'/] tyf leqL dw]zsf] #^ lhNnfdf ;+rfng ePsf] sfo{s|dsf] sfof{Gjog 9fFrf
gbL k|0ffnL, jg tyf s[lif e"ldsf] Ifltu|:t e"ld k'g:yf{kgfsf] sfo{ e"cfs[lt tyf e"kl/lw k|0ffnLdf
cfwfl/t eO{ sfof{Gjog eO/fv]sf] 5 . o; k|0ffnLsf] ck]lIft pknlAwx?df r'/] If]qsf] jg ;+/If0f
tyf Joj:yfkg, hnfwf/ Joj:yfkg, l;d;f/ ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg, ;fj{hlgs hUufdf jg
lj:tf/ cflb sfo{x? k"j{ klZrd km}lnPsf] r'/] If]qdf sfof{Gjog e}/fv]sf] 5 .
#=@ ;+/If0f sfo{of]hgfx?
ljz]if u/L k|hflt ;+/If0fsf] nflu tof/ ul/Psf] sfo{of]hgfx? h:t} u}+8f, xfQL, jf3, lu4, lxpF
lrt'jf cflbsf] sfof{Gjog e"kl/lw :t/df g} ul/g] ePsf]n] o:tf sfo{of]hgfx? klg e"kl/lw
:t/sf] nflu tof/ ul/Psf] dfGg' kb{5 . o;} u/L @)&% ;fndf tof/ ul/Psf] ljho;fn ;+/If0f
sfo{of]hgfn] klg ljho;fn kfOg] e"kl/lw :t/sf] If]qx? klZrd t/fO{sf] & lhNnfx? s~rgk'/b]lv
?kGb]xL ;Dd ;d]6]sf] 5 .
$= e"kl/lw :t/sf] Joj:yfksf r'gf}tLx?

e"kl/lw tyf e"cfs[lt txsf] jg If]qsf] Joj:yfkgsf] ljsf;df g]kfnn] /fd|f] glthfx? xfl;n u/]sf]
ePtklg of] b[li6sf]0fnfO{ clwstd k|ltkmn tyf pknlAwd"ns agfpgsf] nflu lgDg adf]lhd
r'gf}tLx? /x]sf 5g\ .
s= e"kl/lw :t/sf] sfo{x?sf] p2]Zo / lnPsf] nIox?sf] cfGtl/sLs/0f ;/sf/L lgsfo, u}/;/sf/L
lgsfo, ;+3Lo, k|b]z tyf :yfgLo txx?df u/fpg] .
v= e"kl/lw k|0ffnLsf] h}ljs ljljwtf tyf ;+/If0fsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] d"nk|jfxdf
/x]sf] sfo{s|ddf d"nk|jfxLs/0f .
u= e"kl/lw :t/sf] sfo{s|dx?nfO{ ;+:yfut, ;d'bfout tyf lgsfout e"kl/lw tx aLr ;dGjo,
;fem]bf/L tyf ;xsfo{sf] If]q ljsf; ug]{ .
3= e"kl/lw txdf ;+rfng ul/g] ls|ofsnfkx?nfO{ k|s[lt / k|s[lt jflx/sf] ;f:s[lts ;d'bfosf]
cfjZostfnfO{ nlIft u/L lbuf] ?kdf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ug]{ .
% eljiodf canDag ug'{ kg]{ af6f]

g]kfnsf] ljleGg e"kl/lwx?nfO{ juL{s/0f u/L ;+s6f;Ggtf cfsng u/L k|fyldstf adf]lhdsf] h}ljs
ljljwtf ;+/If0f, jg Joj:yfkg, cfly{s ljsf;sf] ;fd~h:o tyf lbuf] e"Joj:yfkg adf]lhdsf]
cfly{s Kofs]hx?sf] klxrfg u/L sfo{s|d agfpg cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 .
• ;d'bfo ;d'bfo aLrsf] kl/lwnfO{ s;/L o; cjwf/0ffsf] dd{ adf]lhd PsLs/0f ug]{ . h:t}

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
;fd'bflos jgsf] kl/lw ;aeGbf alnof] tyf ;zQm b]lvPsf] 5 eg] ;fem]bf/L jg tyf ;+/lIft
jgsf] kl/lw cem klg ;'b[9 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
• /fli6«o :t/sf] d"nk|jfxdf /x]sf sfo{s|dx?df ljleGg /0fgLlt tyf sfo{of]hgfn] lnPsf] nIo
adf]lhdsf] sfo{x?nfO{ cfGtl/sLs/0f u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ .
• jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfno / cGt/utsf ljefux?df e"kl/lw :t/sf] sfo{s|d sfof{Gjog
ug{sf] nflu ;+:yfut lg/Gt/tfsf] nflu ;ls|o O{sfOsf] :yfkgf u/L j[xb e"kl/lw leq e"kl/lw
pk;+efux? h:t} s[lif, jg, jGohGt', u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ cflbsf] pkof]hgfx? tof/ u/L
sfof{Gjog ug]{ .
• e"kl/lw :t/sf] sfof{Gjogsf] d"Vo nIo xfl;n ug{sf] nflu jg ljefu - xfn} kl/jt{g ePsf]
jg tyf e";+/If0f ljefu_ n] d"Vo sfo{s|d sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/L g]t[Tj lng] / cGo ljefux?;+u
;dGjo ug]{ u/fpg] Joj:yf ;+:yfut?kdf ljsf; ug]{ .
• /fhgLlts ?kdf klg e"kl/lw :t/sf] sfo{s|dsf] cfjZostf tyf ckl/xfo{ xfd|f] h:tf] hf]lvd
tyf ;+s6f;Gg b]zsf] nflu cfaZos 5 eGg] ljifodf cem klg ;fd~h:otf b]lvPsf]
5}g . ljsf;, jftfj/0f tyf e"kl/lw Joj:yfkg aLr tfnd]ndf /fhgLlts ?kdf ;dGjo x'g'
cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 .
cGTodf, of] e"kl/lw :t/sf] Joj:yfkgsf] ckl/xfo{tfnfO{ /fhg}lts tx b]lv sfof{Gjog tx;Dd
;dGjo u/]/ cfTd;ft ug{ ;s]df cem of] cjwf/0ffsf] lj:tf/ eO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ ;lhnf] x'g] b]lvPsf]
5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] ljleGg txdf ljefhg ul/Psf] clwsf/ If]qnfO{ gLltut tyf sfg"gut ?kdf
?kfGt/0f ubf{ e"kl/lw :t/sf] k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg tyf ;du| lbuf] pkof]u x'g] u/L kl/nlIft x'g
cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 . o;sf] nflu jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfnon] g]t[Tj lng cfjZos 5 .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
/fli6«o k|fyldstf k|fKt of]hgfsf]

nflu jg If]qsf] hUuf pknJw
u/fpg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf M gLltut
Joj:yf, jt{dfg cj:yf, ;Df:of
/ r'gf}tL
/fs]z s0f{,pk–;lrj k|f=
u0f]z axfb'/ v8\sf, ;= jg clws[t
jg ljefu
kl/ro
g]kfnsf] jg If]qn] d'n'ssf] dm08} $% k|ltzt If]qkmn cf]u6]sf] 5 . ;g\ !(() sf] jg ;j{]If0f cg';f/
#(=^ k|ltzt /x]sf] jg If]q kl5Nnf] ;j{]If0f cg';f/ -@)!)–@)!$_ $$=&$ k|ltzt k'u]sf] tTYofªs 5 .
b]zdf /f]huf/Lsf] l;h{gf, cfo j[l4, :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] cfwf/e"t cfjZostf h:t} sf7, bfp/f, 3f;kft,
u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/x¿sf] cfk"lt{sf ;fy} s[lif, kz'kfng, ko{6g / l;FrfOdf ;d]t jg If]qsf] pNn]vgLo
e"ldsf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ljleGg kfl/l:yltsLo k|0ffnL / h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0fsf] nlu ljleGg ;+/lIft If]q,
r/g If]q, l;d;f/ / cGo /fli6«o jgnfO{ ;d'bfosf] ;xeflutfdf ljleGg k|0ffnL ckgfO{ jg Joj:yfkg
eO/x]sf] 5 . hg;xeflutfd"ns jg Joj:yfkgsf dfWodaf6 :yfgLo cfly{s–;fdflhs ljsf; tyf
:yfgLo g]t[Tj ljsf;df klg jg If]qsf] k|ToIf of]ubfg /x]sf] x'Fbf :yfgLo tyf /fli6«o cy{tGqdf klg jg
If]qsf] pNn]vgLo e"ldsf /x]sfn] jg If]q /fli6«o k|fyldstf k|fKt If]qsf] ¿kdf /xg uPsf] 5 . jg If]qn]
jGohGt'sf] nflu jf;:yfg, sf7 bfp/f, cGo jg k}bfjf/sf] cfk"lt{, dg]f/~hg k|bfg ug{', hnjfo' kl/
j{tgsf] k|lts"n k|efj Go"gLs/0fsf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng'sf ;fy} cGo jftfj/0fLo ;]jf k|bfg ub{]
cfO{x]sf] 5 . o;sf] nflu :yfgLo Ifdtf / lhDd]jf/L j[l4 ug'{ tyf d'n'ssf] ef}lts Pjd\ cfly{s–;fdflhs
ljsf; / jg ;+/If0f sfo{sf aLr pTkGg x'g] åGå Joj:yfkg ug{' o; If]qsf k|d'v r'gf}tL /x]sf 5g\
ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f / jftfj/0f ;+/If0faLr ;Gt'ng x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . xfn k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf] nflu
jg If]qsf] hUuf cGo k|of]hgsf] nlu k|of]u x'g] hf]]lvd j9\bf] 5 . g]kfndf vf; u/L kl5Nnf] ;dodf
ljleGg hn ljBt cfof]hgf, ;8s lgdf{0f Pj+ lj:tf/, b"/;+rf/sf] k|;f/0f nfOgsf] lj:tf/, l;+rfO{ gx/
:yfkgf, cGo vflg hGo pBf]u Pj+ ;/sf/L ejgsf] nflu jg If]qsf] dfu jl9/x]sf] 5 . tyflk ljleGg
;dodf ul7t ;'s'Djf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg cfof]u, jg If]q ;'b[9Ls/0f cfof]u, k'gjf{; sDkgL, If]qLo
j;f]jf; sfof{no h:tf lgsfoaf6 jf9L kLl8t, /fhgLlts kLl8t, d'Qm sd}of, ;'s'Djf;Lx? / ;/sf/af6
clws/0f u/]sf] hUufsf] ;§fegf{ / ljleGg cfof]hgfnfO{ jg If]qsf] hUuf pknJw u/fpg] tTsfnLg
;/sf/L gLlt / kl/kfl6n] ubf{ jg If]qdf j9L eGbf j9L rfk k/]sf] b]lvG5 . jgIf]qsf] hUUff ljsf;

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
lgdf{0f, zflGt ;'/Iff, ;fdflhs ;:yf Pj+ ;/sf/L k|lti7fg nufot lgsfosf] nflu ljleGg k|of]hgfy{
pknJw eO{ /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
jg If]qsf] hUuf cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu k|of]u ubf{ bLw{sfnLg ?kdf kmfO{bf jf 3f6f x'g] gx'g] eGg]
s'/f xfnsf] e"–pkof]usf] cj:yf, e"–Joj:yfkg / To;;Fu ;DalGwt gLlt, /0fgLltx?sf] jftfj/0fLo
;Dj]bgzLntf, jg If]q k|of]u ug{] cfof]hgfn] ;Ddmf}tf jdf]lhdsf zt{x? kfngf u/]sf] 5 5}g eGg] h:tf
s'/fx?df e/ k{b5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"j{ ;xdlt ljgf jg If]qsf] s'g} klg efu cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu
k|of]u ug{ gkfpg] Joj:yf jg P]g @)$( n] u/]sf] 5 .
o; n]vdf jg If]qsf] hUuf cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu pknJw u/fpg] ;DaGwL ljBdfg sfg"gL Joj:yf tyf
xfn;Ddsf] tYoffªsnfO{ ljZn]if0f ug{] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . jg If]qsf] hUuf cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu k|of]u
x'g] dfu j9bf] cj:yfdf /x]sf] x'Fbf jg Joj:yfkg ug]{ sfo{ gLlt lgdf{tfx?sf] nflu bLw{sfnLg r'gf}tLsf]
?kdf /x]sf] 5 .
jg If]qsf] hUuf cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu pknJw u/fpg] ;DaGwL gLltut Joj:yf / k|s[of
/fli6«o k|fyldstf k|fKt k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf] nflu jg If]qsf] k|of]usf] ljsNk gePsf] cj:yfdf jg If]qsf]
hUuf d'cfAhf lnP/ dfq pknJw u/fOg] / pQm /sd 5'§} sf]ifdf hDdf u/L u'd]sf] jg If]q :yfkgf ug{
pkof]u ul/g] s'/f jg gLlt @)&! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"j{ :jLs[lt ljgf jg If]qsf]
hUufsf] s'g} klg efu cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu k|of]u ug{ gkfpg] Joj:yf jg P]g @)$( n] Joj:yf u/]sf]
5.
jg P]g @)$( sf] bkmf ^*-!_ n] /fli6«o k|fyldstf k|fKt of]hgf ;+rfng ug{ jgsf] k|of]u ug'{ jfx]s
cGo s'g} ljsNk gePdf / To:tf] of]hgf ;+rfng ubf{ jftfj/0fdf pNn]vgLo k|lts"n c;/ gkg{] ePdf
g]kfn ;/sf/n] jgIf]qsf] s'g} efu k|of]u ug{ :jLs[t lbg ;Sg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . ;f] ;DjGwdf jg
tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfnon] /fli6«o k|fyldstf k|fKt of]hgfsf] nflu /fli6«o jg If]q k|of]u ug]{ ;DaGwL
sfo{ljlw, @)&$ -;fljs jg If]qsf] hUuf cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu pknJw u/fpg] sfo{ljlw )^#_ tof/
u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] 5 . pSt cfof]hgf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|fyldstf k|fKt cfof]hgf xf] eg /fli6«o
of]hgfaf6 v'n]sf] sfuhkq x'g' kg{], ;f] sf] lg0f{o g]kfn ;/sf/ -dlGqkl/ifb\_ af6 x'g' kg{] / ;s];Dd
;DefJotfsf] cWoog ubf{ g} jg If]qsf] k|of]u ug{ gkg{] u/L ug{], jg If]qsf] k|of]u ug{} kg{] cj:yfdf
klg ljleGg ljsNkx? ljZn]if0f u/L clt sd jg If]q k|of]u ug{] u/L ljsNk 5gf}6 ug{' kb{5 . cfof]hgf
;+rfng ug'{ k"j{ jg If]q dfu ug{] lgsfon] -k|:tfjs_ n] jftfj/0f ;+/If0f P]g @)%# / jftfj/0f
;+/If0f lgodfjnL @)%$ cg';f/ jftfj/0fLo cWoog u/fO{ ;f] sf] k|ltj]bg ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 :jLs[t
u/fpg' kg{] / pSt P]g lgodfjnL cfslif{t gx'g] ;fgf cfof]hgfsf] xsdf jg tf e"–;+/If0f dGqfnon]

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
tf]s]sf] 9fFrfdf :ynut ;j{]If0fsf] cfwf/df jftfj/0fdf pNn]vgLo k|efj kg{], gkg{] ljifodf jg If]q dfu
ug{] lgsfon] :ki6 ug{' kg{] / ;f] sf] sfo{fGjogsf] s|ddf kg{] Go"gtd k|efjsf] Iflt Go"gLs/0fsf] nflu
cfjZos pkfox? -mitigation measure_ cfof]hgfsf] cfˆg} nfutdf ug'{ kg{] Joj:yf ldnfpg] /
tf]lsPsf] zt{x? kfngf u/] gu/]sf] l:yltsf] af/]df cg'udg u/L ;DalGwt lgsfox?df k|ltj]bg k]z
ug{sf nflu cfjZos ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ug{] k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 .
/fli6«o k|fyldstf k|fKt of]hgfsf] nflu /fli6«o jg If]q k|of]u ug]{ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)&$ n] o;
;Fu cfslif{t x'g] cfof]hgfnfO{ d'Vo u/L d'gfkmf sdfpg] -hn ljB't, b"/ ;+rf/, cGo pBf]u_ / d'gfkmf
gsdfpg] clek|fo /fvL ;+rfng x'g] -vfg]kfgL, ;8s, l;rfO{ cflb_ df ljefhg u/L cfo]fhgf ;+rfng
ubf{ x'g] jftfj/0fLo k|efj Pj+ gf]S;fgLsf] Ifltk"lt{ sf] nflu cfof]hgfn] cfˆg} nfut vr{df j[Iff/f]k0f ug'{
kg{] / d'gfkmf sdfpg] p2]Zon] :yflkt cfof]hgfsf] xsdf cfof]hgfn] k|of]u ug{] :yfoL ;+/rgfsf] nflu
k|of]u x'g] hUuf jfkt of]hgf /x]sf] 7fFpaf6 ;a}eGbf glhs kg]{ /fli6«o jg;Fu hf]l8Psf] / ;Dea eP;Dd
;dfg e" agf]6 ePsf] / ef}uf]lns If]qdf /x]sf] tyf jgsf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] hUuf v/Lb u/L ;f]xL hUuf
j/fj/sf] ;§f egf{ lbg' kg{] ;fy} cfof]hgfn] k|of]u ug{] c:yfoL jg If]q k|of]u ug]{ jg If]qsf] csf{] Joj:yf
geP;Ddsf] nflu jg lgodfjnL @)%! sf] cg';"rL @) sf pNnf]lvt sj'lnotL jgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf]
b:t'/nfO cfwf/ dfg]/ ;f] j/fj/sf] b:t'/ lnO :fDjlGwt /fh:j vftfdf hDdf ug'{kg{] Joj:yf 5 .
o;/L k|of]u ug{] jg If]qdf x6fpg' kg{] ?vx? ;d]t EfP x6fpg' kg{] cj:yfdf s6fg ePsf] jg If]qsf]
If]qkmndf g36g] u/L tL ?vx?sf] ;+VofnfO{ @% n] u'0fg ubf{ x'g] ;+Vof j/fj/sf lj?jfx? lhNnf jg
sfof{non] tf]s]sf] :yfgdf nufpg' kg{], pSt cfof]hgfn] cfˆg} nfut vr{df ;f] j[Iff/f]k0fsf] % jif{;Dd
;+/If0f ;d]t u/L ;DalGwt lhNnf jg sfof{nonfO j'dmfpg' kg{] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . o;/L ul/g] j[If/f]k0f
sf] If]qkmn ef]uflwsf/ Kf|fKt jg If]qsf] k|of]u ul/g] jg If]qsf] If]qkmn eGbf g36g] u/L Joj:yf ug{'
kg{]5 . cfof]hgfn] cfkm} j[Iff/f]k0f ug{ g;s]df j[If/f]k0f ug{ / ;f] sf] % jif{;Dd ;+/If0f Pj+ :ofxf/ ;+ef/
ug{ nfUg] nfut cg';f/sf] /sd lhNnf jg sfo{fnonfO{ pknJw u/fpg' kg{] / ;f] cg';f/ lhNnf jg
sfo{fnon] j[If/f]k0f tyf ;+/If0f ug{' kg{] Joj:yf 5 .
o;/L cfof]hgn] dfu u/] jdf]lhd hUuf ef]uflwsf/sf] sf/jfxLsf] s|ddf lhNnf jg sfof{non] cfof]hgfaf6
k|fKt lgj]bg cg';f/ :ynut hfrj'dm u/L ;f] cfof]hgf kg{] cGo ;/sf/L jgIf]qx? -;fd'bflos jg,
sj'lnotL jg, wfld{s jg _ cflb h] hlt kg{] xf] ;f] jg If]q;+u ;DalGwt pkef]Stfx?sf] e]nfsf] lg0f{o
;lxt l;kmfl/; kq, :ynut gS;fªsg ul/Psf] gS;f tyf lkmN8j'ssf] ;Ssn} k|lt, x6fpg' kg{] ?vx?sf]
k|dfl0ft nut ;lxtsf] jg If]qn] cf]u6g] If]qkmn, rf/lsNnf, ljsNkx?sf] jf/]df k]z ul/Psf] lhNnf jg
clws[tsf] :ki6 /fo ;lxtsf] l6Kk0fL sfuhft ;+nUg u/L ljefu dfkm{t jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfnodf
k]z x'g] / ef]uflwsf/ ;DaGwL clGtd lg0f{o g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\af6 eO{ ;f] jdf]lhdsf] ;Ddmf}tf
jg ljefu / ;DalGwt cfof]hgf aLr ;DkGg x'g'kg{] Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvG5 .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
ef]uflwsf/sf] k|of]hg, k|j[lt / jt{dfg cj:yf
jg ljefudf pknJw tTyfªs cg';f/ ko{6g, s]jnsf/, kfs{ lgdf{0f, j[Iff/f]k0f, hnljB't cfof]hgf,
h8Lj'6L, ;/sf/L sfo{fno, wd{zfnf, k|lti7fg, jGohGt' kmfd{, l;d]G6 pBf]u, r'g9'Ëf, d'St sd}of,
;'s'Djf;L, ;+rf/, g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, ;fdflhs ;]jf -c:ktfn, ljBfno, sn]h_,ef}lts k"jf{wf/
-vfg]kfgL, l;+rfO{, ;8s_ h:tf k|of]hgsf] nflu jg If]qsf] hUuf pknJw u/fO{b} cfPsf] b]lvG5 . o;/L
jg If]qsf] ef]uflwsf/sf] nflu pknJw u/fO{Psf] k|of]hgsf] pb]Zo / k|s[ltnfO{ df]6fdf]l6 ?kdf ljleGg
!# j6f k|of]hgdf juL{s/0f u/L oxfF k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . h;dWo] d'St sd}of, wflDf{s k|lti7fg, ;/sf/L
sfo{fno cflbsf] nflu w]/}h;f] hUuf k|of]u ePsf] b]lvG5 .
;du|df x]bf{ xfn;DDf pknJw u/fOPsf] jg If]qsf] hUuf bLw{sfnLg dxTj /fVg] s]xL ljsf; cfof]hgf
pBf]u jfx]s ;/sf/L ejg lgdf0f{ / lghL gfkmfd"ns k|of]hgsf g} j9L jg If]qsf] hUuf k|of]u ePsf]
b]lvG5 .
ljleGg cfly{s jif{x?df ef]uflwsf/ pknJw u/fPsf] jg If]qsf] hUufsf] ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ 5 .
l;=g+= k|of]hg ;+Vof If]qkmn -x]=_ s}lkmot
1 Kfof{j/0f , xf]6n, l/;f]{6, s]j'nsf/, kfs{ lgdf{0f 15 199.435
2 j"Iff/f]k0f, -/j/_ 6 1,690.4
3 h yd r op ow e r , lj3't nfOg k|;f/0f 130 3,352.728
4 h8Lj'6L 4 256.00
;/sf/L sfof{no, gu/ljsf;, uflj;, k/Lof]hgf,
5 99 3,736.744
cfof]hgf, wd{zfnf, :d[lt k|lti7fg
6 jGohGt' kmfd{ 2 256.37
7 l;d]G6, r'g9'+uf 21 415.118
8 d'Stsd}of, ;'s'Djf;L hUuf ;DjGwL 18 2,816.475
9 ;+rf/++ 25 11.823
10 g]kfnL ;]gf 16 1,400.343
11 g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L÷6«flkms 15 379.133
12 ;dflhs ;]jf -c:ktfn, ljBfno, sn]h_ 24 857.186
13 ef}lts k'jf{wf/ -vfg]kfgL, l;rfO{, ;8s_ 47 1,722.882
hDdf 422 17,094.637
;|f]t Mjg ljefu @)&%, c;f9

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
;d:of, r'gf}tL Pj+ eljiosf] af6f]
jg If]qsf] hUuf cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu pknJw u/fpg jg If]q dfu ug{] cfof]hgf /fli6«o k|fyldstf
k|fKt cfof]hgf x'g' kg{] / ;f] /fli6«o k|fyldstf xf] xf]Og eGg] /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]uaf6 v'nfO{ k]z ug{'
kg{] Joj:yf eP klg ;f]sf] j:t'ut dfkb08 ePsf] vf;} b]lvb}g . csf{tkm{ cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{] /
jg If]qsf] hUuf ef]uflwsf/sf] k|s[of ;+u;+u} z'? ug{], cfof]hgfsf] jftfj/0fLo cWoog ubf{ ul/g] ljsNk
ljZn]if0f k|ofKt dfqfdf gul/g], cfof]hgfx?n] jftfj/0fLo ;Dj]bgzLntfnfO{ Joj:yfkg ug{] u/L ;+rfng
ug{ eGbf klg k|s[of k"/f u/L jg If]qsf] hUuf k|of]u ug{]tkm{ j9L Wofg s]lGb|t ug{ vf]h]sf] e]l6G5 . t;y{
jg If]qsf] hUuf cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu pknJw u/fpFbf ul/g] jftfj/0fLo cWoognfO{ j:t'ut jgfOg' kg{]
/ jg If]qsf] k|of]usf] ljsNk klg gePsf] / ;f] jg If]q k|of]u ubf{ pNn]vgLo jftfj/0fLo k|efj klg
gkg{] / d'n'ssf] ljsf;sf] nflu bLw{sfnLg k|efj kfg{] cfof]hgfsf] xsdf k|s[of yk ;/nLs[t ug{]sf ;fy}
jg If]qsf] hUuf 36\g glbg hUuf ;§f eg{fsf] k|fjwfg yk s8fO{sf ;fy nfu" ug{'kg{] b]lvG5 .
jg If]qsf] hUuf cGo k|of]hgdf k|of]u ug{] If]qkmn j/fj/ of]hgf /x]sf] 7fFpaf6 ;a}eGbf glhs kg]{
/fli6«o jg;Fu hf]l8Psf] / ;Dea eP;Dd ;dfg e" agf]6 ePsf] / ;dfg ef}uf]lns If]qdf /x]sf] tyf
jgsf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] hUuf v/Lb u/L ;f]xL jg If]qsf] hUuf j/fj/sf] hUuf lhNNff jg sfof{nosf]
gfddf /lhi6«zg kf; u/fpg] Joj:yf eP klg ;f]sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog gx'Fbf ;d:of ePsf]n] ;f] sf]
ljsNkdf e"ld a}+s -land bank) sf] Joj:yf u/L cfof]hgfn] :yfgLo b/ cg';f/ /sd pknJw u/fpg]
Joj:yf x'g ;s] jg If]q 36\g glbg] ;/sf/L k|of;n] d"t{ ?k lng ;Sg] ;fy} jftfj/0f d}qL lx;fjn]
ljsf; cfof]hgf ;+rfng Pj+ Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsG5 .
b]z ljsf; / ;d[2 agfpg] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ -vfg]kflg, l;+rfO{, ;8s_, hnljw't cfof]hgf tyf vfgL
pTvgg h:tf clt cfjZos cfof]hgf afx]s jg If]qsf] hUufsf] ljsNk klg ePsf :s"n, sn]h,
ljZjljwfno, ;/sf/L sfof{no ejg lgdf{0f nufot cGo o:t} k|s[ltsf cfof]hgfx? tyf ;/sf/L If]qaf6
x'g] ljleGg axfgfdf ul/g] jg If]qsf] k|of]unfO{ d'St /fVg yk gLltut :ki6tf / To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog
ug{ ToxL cg';f/sf] pRr /fhg}lts k|ltj¢tf x'g h?/L b]lvG5 .
;Gbe{ ;fdu|L
jg lglt @)&!
jg P]g @)$( / jg lgodfjnL @)%!
/fli6«o k|fyldstf k|fKt of]hgfsf] nflu /fli6«o jg If]q k|of]u ug]{ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)&$

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
g]kfndf j[Iff/f]k0fsf k|of;x?M

Ps ;dLIff
/fd afa' kf}8\ofn
lhNnf jg clws[t, sf7df8f}+ .
!= k[i7e"ld
s[lifk|wfg b]z g]kfndf jg / s[lifaLr cGof]Gofl>t ;DaGw /lxcfPsf] 5 . b]zsf] lbuf] ljsf;df jgIf]qsf]
cd"No of]ubfg /lxcfPsf] 5 . g]kfndf /f]huf/L l;h{gf, cfocfh{g, :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] jg k}bfjf/sf]
cfwf/e"t cfjZostf h:t} sf7bfp/f, 3fF;kft Pj+ u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ nufotsf jftfj/0fLo ;]jf h:tf
cTofjZos ;]jfx? jgIf]qaf6 pknAw xF'b} cfPsf 5g\ . ;fy} jgIf]qn] s[lif, pBf]u, hn;|f]t, jftfj/0f /
h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0fsf nflu dxTjk"0f{ cfwf/ k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . o:tf] cd"No jg;|f]tsf] clej[låsf nflu
ul/g] j[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ g]kfndf ;gftg b]lv g} rNb}cfPsf] 5 . ;8s bfofFjfofF, tfntn}of tyf kfgL kw]F/f
j/k/ Pj+ gbL lsgf/fx?df kmf6km'6 lj?jf /f]Kg] / x'sf{pg] k/Dk/f cflbsfnaf6} /lx/x]sf] 5 . To;}u/L
wfld{s :yn tyf rf}tf/fx?df wfld{s dxTjsf lj?jfx? h:t} j/, kLkn, zdL, a]n, sfe|f], gf/]Zj/ h:tf
k|hflt /f]kL x'sf{Psf] oqtq b]lvG5g\ . ;fy} lghL hUufx? / ;fj{hlgs:ynx?df ;d]t vf;u/L 8fn]3fF;
Pj+ kmnkm"nsf k|z:t lj?jf nufO{ pkof]udf cfO/x]sf 5g\ .
pk/f]Qmfg';f/sf kmf6km'6?kdf :yfgLo k|hfltsf lj?jf /f]kL x'sf{pg] k|rng k|frLgsfnaf6} rNb}cfPsf]
eP tfklg /f0ffzf;g sfnaf6 vf;u/L sf7df08fF} pkTosfdf d;nf, sfFluof], d+sLkhn, lhGuf]jfOnf]jf,
?vsdn nufotsf ljb]zL k|hfltsf ;f}Gbo{jb{s lj?jfx? ;fj{hlgs / lghL hUufdf /f]k0f eP . ljb]zL
k|hfltsf lj?jf /f]Kg] sfo{n] xfn;Dd klg lg/Gt/tf kfPs} 5 . o;/L s]xL :yfgdf ;fgf] kl/df0fdf
j[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ eP tfklg ;/sf/L:t/af6 7"nf] ;+Vof, If]qkmn / b]zJofkL?kdf ljz]ifu/L jg k|hfltsf
lj?jf /f]Kg] sfo{ eg] of]hgfjå ljsf;;+u} z'? eof] eGg ;lsG5 . j[Iff/f]k0f ubf{ kxf8L If]qdf vf]6];Nnf,
uf]j|];Nnf, hfkfgL ;Nnf / kf6'nf ;Nnf k|hfltsf] afx'Notf /Xof] eg] t/fO{ / leqL dw]zdf d;nf, vo/
/ l;;f}sf] klxnf] cfjlws of]hgfaf6 cf7f}F;Dd /f]k0f ul/Psf ;/sf/L hUufsf j[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] tYof+s
pknAw eP tfklg To;kl5sf] eg] Jojl:yt / PsLs[t x'g ;s]sf] b]lvb}g . o;/L j[Iff/f]k0fsf] :ki6
/ PsLs[t tYof+s k|fKt gxF'bf g]kfnsf] If]qkmneGbf a9L j[Iff/f]k0f eO;Sof] eGg] cf/f]k;d]t st}st}
nufpg] ul/G5 .
jg ljsf; u'?of]hgf @)$% sf cg';f/ lj=;+= @)@) b]lv @)$! ;Dddf ;/sf/L:t/af6 $&,))) x]S6/
/ ;fd'bflos :t/af6 @!,()) x]S6/ If]qdf j[Iff/f]k0f eO;s]sf] 5 . cfjlws of]hgf cg';f/sf j[Iff/f]k0f
If]qsf] nut tnsf] tflnsfdf lbOPsf] 5 .
jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
tflnsfM j[Iff/f]k0fsf] nut
qm=;+= cfjlBs of]hgfsf] cjlw j[Iff/f]k0f If]qkmn s}lkmot
! @)!#–@)!* !*@ Ps8
@ @)!(–@)@@ @,$%$ x]S6/
# @)@@–@)@& $,!%) x]S6/
$ @)@&–@)#@ &,$@& x]S6/
% @)#@–@)#& (,%(^ x]S6/
^ @)#&–@)$@ @!,^(^ x]S6/
& @)$@–@)$& ^$,*)* x]S6/
* @)$(–@)%$ @^,$%^ x]S6/
( @)%$–@)%( PsLs[t tYofÍ k|fKt gePsf]
!) @)%(–@)^$ PsLs[t tYofÍ k|fKt gePsf]
!! @)^$–@)^& PsLs[t tYofÍ k|fKt gePsf]
!@ @)^&–@)&) PsLs[t tYofÍ k|fKt gePsf]
!# @)&)–@)&# PsLs[t tYofÍ k|fKt gePsf]
!$ @)&#–@)&^ PsLs[t tYofÍ k|fKt gePsf]
;|f]tM !_ k|yd rf}wf}F cfjlws of]hgf, /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u
@_ xfd|f] jg gfds jg ljefusf k|ltj]bgx? -@)$(÷%)–@)&@÷&#_, jg ljefu
#_ j[Iff/f]k0f jflif{s k|ltj]bg -@)$#÷$$ / @)$$÷$%_, jg ljefu
xfn;Dd klg lhNNff jg sfof{no nufotsf ;/sf/L lgsfox?, ljleGg cfof]hgf÷kl/of]hgf tyf
u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?af6 ;/sf/L jgIf]q tyf ;fj{hlgs hUufdf 7"nf] kl/df0fdf j[Iff/f]k0f Pj+ lghL
j[Iff/f]k0fsf nflu nfvfF} lj?jf ljt/0f eO/x]sf 5g\ . k'/fgf j[Iff/f]k0f If]qx? Vff;u/L @) sf] bzsb]lv
$) sf] bzs;Ddsf j[Iff/f]k0fdf pko'Qm ;fOhsf lj?jf, j[Iff/f]k0f If]qdf tf/jf/ / x]/fn'sf] Joj:yfsf
sf/0f j[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ k|foM ;kmn eO{ sltko :yfgdf xfn 3gf jgsf] ?kdf ljsl;t eO{;s]sf 5g\ . %)
sf] bzskl5 vf;u/L gofF j[Iff/f]k0fdf eGbf e}/x]sf jgsf] ;+/If0f / Joj:yfkgdf a9L hf]8, lj?jfsf]
u'0f:t/df sdhf]/L Pj+ tf/jf/ tyf x]/fn'sf] Joj:yf gePsf]n] j[Iff/f]k0f If]qx¿sf cj:yf ck]Iffs[t
;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g\ .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
@= g]kfndf j[Iff/f]k0fdf k|of]u x'g] lj?jfsf k|sf/x?

s_ Knfli6s y}nLsf lj?jf
g]kfndf j[Iff/f]k0fsf nflu k|foh;f] lj?jfx? Knfli6ssf y}nLdf pdfl/G5g\ . g;{/Ldf y}nL eg{
w]/} df6f] nfUg] / 9'jfgLdf ;d]t sl7gfO{ x'g] ePtfklg of] tl/sf ;lhnf] Pj+ o;/L pdfl/Psf
lj?jfx? j[Iff/f]k0f kl5 /fd|/L ;5{g\ .
v_ gfËf h/f ePsf lj?jf
s'g} s'g} k|hfltsf gfËf h/f ePsf lj?jfx? klg ;fg{ ;lsG5g\ . lj?jf 9'jfgLdf ;xh x'g]
tyf as}g', l;;f}, plQ;, k}oF', l;l/; h:tf k|hfltdf s]xL ;kmntf ldn] tfklg ;Nnf, vo/
nufotsf w]/} k|hfltdf of] k|ljlw pko'Qm gx'g ;S5 .
u_ :6Dk
l;;f}, l6s, a8x/ nufotsf ;Lldt k|hfltsf nflu dfq of] k|ljlw pko'Qm x'g] ePtfklg 9'jfgL
ug{ ;xh / afFRg] k|ltzt klg w]/} x'G5 .
3_ cGo
s]xL k|hfltdf xf8{p8 sl6Ë, n]ol/Ë / l6:o'sNr/ k|ljlwaf6 ;d]t j[Iff/f]k0f eO/x]sf] 5 .
o;/L pk/f]Qmfg';f/sf ljlwaf6 g]kfndf j[Iff/f]k0f x'g] ePtfklg cTolws k|rngdf /x]sf]
Knfli6s y}nLsf] k|of]uaf6 ul/g] j[Iff/f]k0fsf ;jfn, ;d:of / ;f]sf] ;dfwfgfy{ ul/g' kg{]
;'wf/sf kIfnfO{ dfq o; n]vdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
#_ j[Iff/f]k0fsf ;jfn, ;d:of / ;'emfjx?

s_ u'0f:t/Lo jLpsf] pknAwtf
 æjLp u'0f jfnf] / b'w u'0f j'låÆ eGg] g]kfnL hglha|f]df em'l08Psf] Ps plQm xf] . dtna,
u'0f:t/Lo ?v pTkfbg ug{ u'0f:t/Lo jLpsf] cfjZoStf kb{5 .
;d:of
 hxfFkfof] ToxLaf6 / u'0f:t/ sdhf]/ ePsf] ;|f]taf6 ;d]t jLp ;+sng ul/g] .
 ljZj;gLotfsf] ;'lglZrttf gePsf Jofkf/Laf6 jLp vl/b ug{] .
;'emfj
 b]zsf jLp pTkfbg If]q tyf jLp au}Frfaf6 jLp ;+sng ug{]
 u'0f:t/ ;'lglZrt ePsf Jofkf/Laf6 dfq jLp vl/b ug{] .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
v_ lj?jfsf] u'0f:t/ tyf k|hflt
;d:of
 pko'Qm ;fOh / :j:y lj?jfsf] pknAwtfdf gx'g] .
 pko'Qm k|hfltsf] lj?jf gkfOg]
;'emfj
 pko'Qm /f]k0f :yfg / k|hflt cg';f/ lj?jfsf] ;fOh x'g'kg{] .
 j[Iff/f]k0f :yfg / k|hfltsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ g;{/Ldf cfjZoStfg';f/ 7"nf y}nfdf ax'jifL{o
lj?jf ;d]t pTkfbgsf] Joj:yf ul/g' kg{] .
 k|hflt cg';f/ lj?jfsf] ;fOh / u'0f:t/ tf]lsg' kg{] .
 g;{/L Joj:yfkgdf ljz]if Wofg lbOg' kg{] .
 g;{/L afx|} dlxgf ;~rfng ul/g' kg]{ .
u_ lj?jf 9'jfgL
;d:of
 g;{/Laf6 lj?jf p7fpFbf y}nLd} g;dftL lj?jfdf ;dfTbf y}nL / lj?jf 5'l§g ;Sg] .
 sltkon] df6f] ;lxtsf] lj?jf 9'jfgL ug{'sf] ;§f y}nLaf6 lj?jf 5'6\ofP/ n}hfg] .
 lj?jfsf] df6f] /fd|/L gleh]sf]] x'Fbf 9'jfgL ubf{ df6f] / h/f 5'l§g] .
 9'jfgL ubf{ x]nrqmofO{n] ubf{ df6f] / h/f 5'l§g] .
;'emfjx?
 oyf;Dej w]/} :yfgdf g;{/L :yfkgf / ;+rfng ul/g'kg]{ .
 lj?jf 9'jfgL k"j{ @–# lbg cl3 /fd|f];+u / ! lbg cl3 ;fFemdf klg clncln kfgL lbg] .
 lj?jf p7fpFbf kft / 8fF7df g;dftL y}nLnfO{ /fd|/L ;dft/ p7fpg] .
 9'jfgL ug{] ;fwgdf /fd|/L /fvL xf]l;of/L ;fy cf];fg{] .
 lj?jfnfO{ j[Iff/f]k0f If]qdf k'¥ofP kl5 ;s];Dd rfF8f] /f]Kg] t/ s]xL lbg /fVg'kg{] ePdf
;Lwf kf/L 5xf/Ldf /fvL ljxfg a]n'sf l;+rfOsf] Joj:yf u/L ;'/lIft /fVg] .
3_ j[Iff/f]k0f
;d:of
 Yf}nLsf] df6f] / h/f 5'l§g ;Sg] .
 Yf}nL gx6fO{ /f]Kg] .
 Yf}nL ;lxtsf] lj?jfnfO{ 7"nf] vf8nsf] lkwdf /fvL /f]Kg] .
 h/fx? Vf'DRofP/ /f]Kg] .
 lj?jf l;wf gkf/L /f]Kg] .
;'emfjx?
 lj?jfx? Ps Ps u/L x/]s vf8nsf] 5]pdf l;wf u/L /fVg] .
 df6f] e/]sf vf8ndf y}nLsf] ;fOh a/fa/sf] ;fgf] vf8n agfpg] .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
 df6f] ;lxtsf] lj?jf l;wfkf/L h/fx? gvnjNofO{ vf8ndf /f]kL rf/}lt/af6 /fd|/L df6f]n]
k'/]/ xftn] lj:tf/} lyRg] / vf8ndf kfgL ghDg] agfpg] .
 lj?jfsf] 8fF7sf] km]b hldgsf] ;tx a/fa/ x'g] u/L h/fx? Dff6f]n] k'g{] .
 /f]k0f kl5 kfgL lbg] .
ª_ j[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] ;+/If0f / Joj:yfkg
;d:of
 j[Iff/f]k0f kl5 ;+/If0fsf] Joj:yf sdhf]/ /xg] .
 87]nf] / clgolGqt rl/r/0fsf] ;d:of .
 lj?jfdf cfjZoStfg';f/ l;+rfO gul/g] .
 d/]sf] :yfgdf k'g/f]k0fsf] of]hgf g/xg] .
 uf]8d]n, s6gL 56gL nufotsf sfo{n] k|fyldstf gkfpg] .
;'emfj
 j[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] af/aGb]h u/L ;+/If0fsf] plrt Joj:yf ul/g' kg{] .
 cfjZostfg';f/ l;+rfOsf] ;d]t k|aGw ldnfpg] .
 lgoldt ?kdf j/k/sf] emf8L ;kmf ug{] / 89]nf]af6 arfpg] .
 j[Iff/f]k0f u/]sf] # jif{;Dd c;f]h–sflt{sdf lj?jfsf] %) ;]=dL= j/k/sf] emf/kft x6fO{
uf]8d]n ug{] .
 j[Iff/f]k0fsf] ! jif{kl5 d/]sf] lj?jfx?sf] 7fFpdf k'gM /f]k0f ug{] .
 lj?jf /fd|/L gx's{];Dd lgoldt emf8L ;kmfO{, uf]8d]n nufotsf sfo{ hf/L /fVg] .
 cfjZoStfg';f/ jg x]/fn'sf] ;d]t Joj:yf ug{] .
$_ lgisif{
7"nf] ;+Vofdf pko'Qm k|hflt / u'0f:t/Lo lj?jf pTkfbg u/L cleofgs} ?kdf ;fj{hlgs / lghL
hUufdf j[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ ;+rfng u/L ;+/If0f / Joj:yfkgdf hf]8 lbg ;s]df jg k}bfjf/sf] ;xh
cfk"lt{sf ;fy} /f]huf/L / cfocfh{gsf cj;/df j[lå eP/ xl/of] jg g]kfnsf] wg eGg] plQm rl/tfy{
eO{ b]zsf] ;d[lådf 6]jf k'Ug] b]lvG5 .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
g]kfndf ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkgM

gLltut Joj:yf tyf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog
l:ylt ljZn]if0f
k|sfz nD;fn
;fd'bflos jg ljsf; clws[t
jg ljefu
;f/f+zM
o; cfn]vdf g]kfndf ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd– ;fd'bflos jg, sj'lnotL
jg / ;fem]bf/L jg sf] gLltut tyf sfg"gL Joj:yf tyf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog l:yltsf]
ljZn]if0f tyf ;dLIff ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] jg gLlt @)&!, /0fgLlt @)&@, jg P]g
@)$(, lgodfjnL @)%! df ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL ul/Psf gLtut tyf
sfg"gL Joj:yf Pj+ /0fgLltx?sf] pNn]v ub}{ ltgLx?sf] :ynut sfof{Gjogsf] j:t'ut tyf
;+VofTds l:ylt k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnsf] s'n /fli6«o jg If]qsf] $! k|ltzt eGbf j9L
jg If]q ;fd'bflos jgn] dfq ;d]6]sf] cj:yfdf sj'lnotL jg tyf ;fem]bf/L jgn] ;d]t
pNn]Vo If]q ;d]6\g ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . ;fd'bflos jg, sj'lnotL jg tyf ;fem]bf/L jg
Joj:yfkgdf ;d'bfosf] nflu km/s lsl;dsf ef]uflwsf/sf Joj:yf, ;+:yfut, ;+/rgfut
tyf sfo{ljlwut ljz]iftf /x]sf] x'Fbf s]xL pknlJw ;a} k2ltsf] nflu ;femf tyf s]xL k2lt
ljz]if;+u hf]l8Psf5g\ . ;femf tyf k2lt ljz]ifsf k|ult, ;d:of tyf r'gf}tLx¿nfO{ k|:t't
ub}{ efjL sfo{lbzfsf] jf/]df rrf{ ul/Psf] 5 . ;fd'bflos jg nufotsf ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t
jg Joj:yfkg g]kfndf jg Joj:yfkgsf] nflu ckl/xfo{ k2ltx? x'G, :yfgLo ;d"xn] k|fKt
u/]sf] nfen] pgLx?nfO{ jg ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkgdf xf};nf k|bfg ul//fv]sf] 5, cfufdL
lbgdf pgLx?n] ef]u u/]sf] ljBdfg clwsf/ oyfjt} sfod /fvL :yfgLo tyf k|b]z ;/sf/sf]
;dGjo tyf ;fy ;xof]udf cufl8 j9\g'kg]{ lgisif{ lgsflnPsf] 5 .
!= k[i7e"ld
jg If]q h}ljs ljljwtfsf] e08f/ ;lxt ljsf; lgdf{0f / pBf]usf] nflu cfjZos ;fdu|Lsf] ;|f]t klg
xf] . oL b'j} ljifosf] j'l4dQfk"0f{ tyf lbuf] ;Djf]wg u/L jg ;+/If0f tyf lbuf] Joj:yfkgaf6 :yfgLo

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
tyf /fli6«o ;d[l4df pNn]Vo 6]jf k'¥ofpg' g]kfsf] jg If]qsf] d"Vo nIo xf] . of] nIo xfl;n ug{
g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;fd'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg–;fd'bflos jg, sj'lnotL jg tyf ;fem]bf/L jg
Joj:yfkg k2ltx?sf] dxTjsf ;fy cjnDjg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . rf/ bzs cl3 b]lv qmdzM cf/De,
ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ x'+b} ;fd'bflos jg g]kfnsf] s'n /fli6«o jgsf] $! k|ltzt efudf km}lng ;kmn ePsf]
5 . ;fd'bflos jg ljsf; sfo{qmdn] dfq jg If]qdf cfl>t ;d'bfosf] cfjZostf / jg Joj:yfkg ug]{
Ifdtf /fVg g;Sg] x'Fbf ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t cGo Joj:yfkg k2ltx? klg sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf x'g\ . vf;
u/L ljkGg tyf pTkfbgsf] ;|f]t ;fwg ljxLg kl/jf/nfO{ cltpkof]uaf6 Ifltu|:t jg If]q x:tfGt/0f
u/L ;+nUg kl/jf/sf] cfocfh{g tyf hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ / jgsf] k'g/f]Tyfg ug]{ bf]xf]/f] nIosf;fy
ul/jL Go"gLs/0fsf nflu sj'lnotL jg ljsf; sfo{qmd lj= ;+= @)%@ af6 ;'? ePsf] b]lvG5 . ;fd'bflos
jgn] pkef]Qmfdf ;d]6\g g;s]sf t/fOsf jg If]qaf6 6f9f /x]sf blIf0fjtL{ ;d'bfonfO{ ;d]t ;+nUg
u/fO{ jg Joj:yfkgdf ;/sf/, :yfgLo lgsfo tyf ;d'bfosf] ;fem]bf/L :yfkgf ug{ / /fh:j ;+sng
u/L jg Joj:yfkgdf ;/sf/sf] k'gn{ufgL ug]{ p2]Zosf ;fy lj= ;+= @)%* af6 ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkg
;'? ePsf] b]lvG5 . ul/jL Go"gLs/0fsf nflu sj'lnotL jg tyf ;fem]bf/L jg k2ltx? klg ;d'bfodf
cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkgsf] ?kdf sfg"gL tyf ;+:yfut ?kdf :yflkt ePsf 5g\ . ;fd'bflos jgsf]
sfof{Gjogsf] cg'ejaf6 l;Sb} ;fem]bf/L jg tyf ul/jL Go"gLs/0fsf nflu sj'lnotL jg Joj:yfkg
k2ltx?sf] qmdzM ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ePsf] b]lvG5 . pNn]lvt tLg lsl;dsf jg Joj:yfkg k2ltx?nfO{
;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkgsf] ;d"xdf ;dfj]z u/L gLltut tyf sfg"gL Joj:yf, xfn;Ddsf]
sfof{Gjog l:ylt, ;g @)@% ;Ddsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] to u/]sf dxTjk"0f{ Milestones, ljz]iftfx?,
r'gf}tLx? tyf efjL sfo{lbzf jf/]df o; cfn]vdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
@= jg gLlt @)&! tyf jg If]qsf] /0fgLlt @)&@ df ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg
jg If]q Joj:yfkg dfkm{t :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/, :yfgLo tyf /fli6«o ;d[l4df 6]jf
k'of{pg jg gLlt @)&! tyf gLltsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{ jg If]qsf] /0fgLlt @)&@ nfu" 5 .
;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkgsf] Jofks ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ eO/x]sf] ;Gbe{df jg gLlt @)&! sf]
sfof{Gjog tyf jg If]qsf] /0fgLlt @)&@ sf nIo xf+l;n ug{ oL k2ltx?n] ck|ToIf ?kdf ;j} gLlt,
sfo{gLlt tyf nIox?df of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] 5g\ . ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg;+u k|ToIf ;DalGwt
Joj:yf / nIonfO{ dfq tflnsfdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . jg gLlt @)&! sf] k|d'v & j6f gLltx? dWo]
;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg;+u k|ToIf ;DalGwt gLlt g+= !, $ tyf % sfof{Gjog ug{ lgDg
/0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLlt pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
jg gLlt @)&! df ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg;+u ;DalGwt Joj:yf jg If]qsf] /0fgLlt @)&@–*@ sf
gLlt /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLlt nIox? -M i l e s t on e s 2016- 25 _
-!_ lbuf] jg pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj j[l4sf] ;DefJotf /x]sf jg If]qsf]  ljBdfg cf};t jflif{s j[l4nfO{
Joj:yfkgåf/f jg klxrfg u/L lbuf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, ;+/If0f / Joj:yfkgdf j9fO{ t/fOdf ^ 3gdL6/ k|lt
If]qsf] pTkfbsTj / hg;xeflutf clej[l4 ug]{ x]= af6 * 3gdL6/ k|lt x]=
jg k}bfjf/sf] pTkfbg  jg If]qsf] ;+/If0f / Joj:yfkgdf hg;xeflutf / kxf8df # 3gdL6/ k|lt x]=
j[l4 ug]{M clej[l4 ug]{ af6 % 3gdL6/ k|lt x]= k'u]sf]
 ;/sf/ tyf ;d'bfoåf/f Jojl:yt jgdf jgsf] ;Djw{g x'g]
k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t pko'Qm sfo{of]hgf agfO{ Joj:yfkg  jg j[l4 df}Hbft !% k|ltztn]
ul/g] j9]sf] x'g]
 ;d"xsf] rfxgf cg';f/ Ps cfk;df hf]l8Psf jf  jflif{s !) nfv 3g dL6/
glhsdf kg]{ ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg If]qnfO{ PsLs[t sf7 Joj;flos ?kdf jhf/df
?kdf Joj:yfkg ul/g] cfk"tL{ ePsf] x'g]
 ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkgsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/
ul/g]
-$_ ;fd'bflos, ;d'bfoåf/f Jojl:yt jg If]qsf] ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/ ug]{;  t/fO tyf leqL dw];sf %)
sa'lnotL, ;fem]bf/L, jgaf6 6f9f /x]sf, ljkGg, cflbjf;L, hghflt, blnt, dlxnf k|ltzt tyf dWo kxf8L
dWojtL{ ;fd'bflos, / l;dfGts[t pkef]Qmfsf] kx'Fr a9fpg]; lbuf] Joj:yfkg If]qsf @% k|ltzt jgdf
;+/lIft, wfld{s u/]/ jg If]qaf6 lng ;lsg] nfe clej[l4 ub}{ ;b'kof]usf] j}1flgs Joj:yfkg ePsf] x'g]
nufotsf ;d'bfoåf/f k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ug]{ / ;d"xsf] Joj:yfkg Ifdtf clej[l4  ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg
Jojl:yt jgnfO{ ub}{ ;'zf;g ;'b[9Ls/0f ug]{ Joj:yfkg If]qkmn /fli6«o
kfl/l:yltsLo, cfly{s  ;d'bfonfO{ jg Joj:yfkgdf ;xhtf k|bfg ug{ jgsf] ^) k|ltzt ePsf] x'g]
/ ;fdflhs ?kn] cfjZos k|lqmof ;/nLs[t ul/g]  ;fd'bflos jgsf] If]qkmn
;Ifd agfpFb} nfesf]  ;d'bfosf] Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu lgoldt ?kdf tflnd, /fli6«o jgsf] $) k|ltzt
Gofof]lrt afF8kmfF8 ug]{ ;Lk ljsf; k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f /sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g] ePsf] x'g]
 ;d"xdf k|fKt cfDbfgLnfO{ jg ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg,  ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkg
ljkGgd'vL sfo{qmd / ;fd'bflos ljsf; sfo{df nufpg] If]qkmn /fli6«o jgsf] $
 cflbjf;L, hghflt, bnLt, dlxnf, ljkGg / ckfË k|ltzt ePsf] x'g]
ju{nfO{ ;|f]tsf] kx'Fr / nfesf] afF8kmfF8df cu|flwsf/  sj'lnotL jg Joj:yfkg
;'lglZrt ul/g] If]qkmn /fli6«o jgsf] !=%
 jg ;+/If0f / ;fd'bflos ljsf; sfo{df ;d'bfo / k|ltzt ePsf] x'g]
:yfgLo lgsfoaLr ;xsfo{ :yflkt ul/g]  ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xsfo{df
 k/Dk/fut/k|yfhGo 1fg, ;Lksf] jg Joj:yfkgdf jg If]qsf sfg"g, gLlt tyf
pkof]u ul/g] of]hgfx? harmonize tyf
 k|fKt jg k}bfjf/sf] laqmL ljt/0f k|lqmofnfO{ yk tof/L ePsf] x'g]
Gofof]lrt, kf/bzL{ / k|lt:kwf{Tds agfOg]
 ;d'bfodf ;'zf;g ;'b[9Ls/0fsf nflu ;d"x leqsf]
nf]stflGqs cEof;nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]
 Joj:yfkg ;"rgf k|0ffnL cBfjlws u/L ;fj{hlgs ug]{
k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g] Pj+ ;d'bfoåf/f Jojl:yt jgsf]
of]ubfgaf/] cWoog / cg';Gwfg u/L k|fKt glthfsf]
cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg k|0ffnLnfO{ kl/dfh{g / ljsf;
ul/g]

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
jg gLlt @)&! df ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg;+u ;DalGwt Joj:yf jg If]qsf] /0fgLlt @)&@–*@ sf
gLlt /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLlt nIox? -M i l e s t on e s 2016- 25 _
%_ lghL If]qnfO{ jg ;/sf/L, ;fd'bflos, lghL tyf ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;fem]bf/Ldf  jg If]qsf jh]6, sfo{qmd
ljsf; tyf lj:tf/df nufgL k|jw{g u/L jghGo pBf]u / Jo;fosf] :yfkgf, tyf ;"rgf k|0ffnL ;fj{hlgs
;+nUg u/fpFb} jghGo ljsf; / lj:tf/nfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug]{ ;"rgfsf] nflu j]e;fO6df
pBdsf] k|jw{g,  jg If]qdf lghL If]qsf] ;d]t nufgL j9fpgsf nflu /flvPsf] x'g]
pTkfbgsf] ljljwLs/0f jg ljsf; sf]ifsf] :yfkgf / ;+rfng ul/g]  /fli6«o cy{tGqdf jg If]qsf]
/ ahf/Ls/0faf6  h8Lj'6L tyf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] k|zf]wg u/L of]ubfg Plsg ePsf] x'g]
d"No clej[l4 / xl/t clGtd pTkfbg ug{ lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g'sf  jg If]qn] Go"gtd !@ nfv
/f]huf/L l;h{gf ug]{ ;fy} pBdsf] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f tyf k|ljlwsf] pkof]udf k"0f{sfnLg /f]huf/Lsf] l;h{gf
pg'bfg lbOg] u/]sf] x'g]
 sd pkof]uL sf7 k|hfltsf] klxrfg u/L d"No clej[l4,  jflif{s ? !@ c/j j/fj/sf]
jhf/Ls/0f / pkof]u ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g] u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ lgof{t
 lghL If]sf] nufgLdf jftfj/0fLo ;]jfsf] klxrfg tyf ePsf] x'g]
jhf/Ls/0f, kof{ko{6gsf] k|jw{g ul/g]
 pRr d"Nosf, ;+s6fkGg, b'n{e / nf]kf]Gd'v h8Lj'6L
klxrfg, ;+sng, k'g/f]Tkfbg ;'lglZrttf, k|ljlw
ljsf;, Joj;foLs/0f / jhf/Ls/0f ug{ ;d'bfo tyf
lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]
 jg If]qsf] ljsf; / jg pBd k|jw{gsf nflu lghL,
;fj{hlgs / ;d'bfosf jLr ;fem]bf/LnfO{ k|f]T;fxg
ul/g]
#= jg P]g @)$( tyf lgodfjnLdf ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg
æ/fli6«o jgnfO{ ;/sf/åf/f Jojl:yt jg, ;+/lIft jg, ;fd'bflos jg, sj'lnotL jg / wfld{s jgsf]
?kdf Joj:yfkg u/L jgsf] ljsf;, ;+/If0f tyf jg k}bfjf/sf] ;b'kof]u ug]{ …-jg P]g @)$( k|:tfjgf _ .
jg P]g @)$( sf] k|:tfjgfdf jg If]qsf] ljefhg u/L ;fd'bflos jg tyf sj'lnotL jgnfO{ ;dfj]z
ul/Psf] 5 . P]gsf] kl/R5]b % -bkmf @% - #)_ / kl/R5]b ^ -bkmf #! - #$_ df qmdzM ;fd'bflos jg /
sj'lnotL jg :yfkgf tyf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . P]gsf] kl/R5]b ( -bkmf $! - $%_
df pkef]Qmf ;d"x u7g, btf{, ;d"xsf] sfg"gL x}l;ot tyf ;+:yfut bfloTjsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . jg
lgodfjnL @)%! sf] kl/R5]b $, lgod #^ -$* n] ;fd'bflos jg Joj:yfkgsf] cGt/j:t' / k|s[of -the
content and process_ nfO{ :ki6 kf/]sf] 5 .
;fem]bf/L jgsf] ;Gbe{df jg ljefuåf/f hf/L ul/Psf] æ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkg lgb]{lzsf @)^*æ sf]
cfwf/df Joj:yfkg x'+b} cfPsf] 5 . jg P]g @)$( sf] bf]>f] ;+zf]wgn] ;fem]bf/L jgnfO{ sfg"gL ?kdf
;+:yfut u/]sf] 5 . bf]>f] ;+zf]wgn] kl/R5]b $s yk u/L bkmf @$s / @$v df ;fem]bf/L jg :yfkgf
tyf Joj:yfkg / ;fem]bf/L jgsf] sfo{of]hgf ;DjGwL Joj:yf u/]sf] ePtf klg pNn]lvt Joj:yfx? jg
lgodfjnLdf cfpg jf+ls /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . ;fd'bflos jg, sj'lnotL jg / ;fem]bf/L jgsf] ljBdfg
sfg"gL tyf sfo{ljlwut Joj:yfsf] yk ljZn]if0f lzif{s % df ul/Psf] 5 .
jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
$= ;+VofTds tyf u'0ffTds pknlJwx?M
;fd'bflos jg, ;fem]bf/L jg tyf ul/jL Go"gLs/0fsf nflu sj'lnotL jg Joj:yfkg k2ltx? jg
ljefusf] :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd tyf jh]6af6 sfof{Gjogdf 5g\ . ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkgaf6
;du| ?kdf jgsf] ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg ePsf], Ifltu|:t jg e"ldsf] k'g/f]Tkfbg ePsf], jflif{s jg
k}bfjf/ pTkfbg qmdzM j9\b} uPsf] tyf ;d'bfodf Jojj:yfkgsf nflu g]t[Tj ljsf; ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
kl5Nnf] jg ;|f]t ;e]{If0fsf] tYofÍ cg';f/ d'n'ssf] jg If]q j9\g'df ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg
k|0ffnLsf] vf; u/L ;fd'bflos jg ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] d'Vo e"ldsf klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 .
$=! ;fd'bflos jg
cfheGbf rf/ bzs cufl8b]lv g]kfnn] ;d'bfosf] lg0ff{os lgoGq0f tyf ;xeflutfdf ;fd'bflos jg
ljsf; sfo{qmdnfO{ jg If]qsf] ;jeGbf k|fyldstf k|fKt sfo{qmdx?sf] ?kdf lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] 5 .
sfo{qmd dfkm{t xfn;Dd @@,#&,^&) x]S6/ jg If]q ;fd'bflos jgsf] ?kdf @@,@^^ ;d"xnfO{ x:tfGt/0f
ePsf] 5 . of] If]q b]zsf] s'n jg If]qsf] ## k|ltzt / /fli6«o jg If]qsf] $! k|ltzt x'g cfp+5 .
;fd'bflos jg Joj:yfkgdf sl/j @( nfv 3/w'/L ;+nUg b]lvPsf] 5 -jg ljefu, @)&%_. g]kfnsf]
;fd'bflos jgsf] ;du| cj:yf /fd|f] ePsf] tYo ;fd'bflos jgsf] jf/]df ;j{;fwf/0fsf] b[li6sf]0f, lhNnf
jg sfof{nx? tyf jg ljefudf ePsf k|ult clen]vx?, ;fd'bflos jgsf sfo{of]hgfx? / cg';Gwfgsf
k|ltj]bgx?n] k'li6 u/]sf 5g\ . gof+ pkef]Qmf ;d"x u7g tyf ;fd'bflos jg x:tfGt/0f, ;d"x u7g
kZrftsf] ;xof]u, ;d"xsf] Ifdtf ljsf;, cg'udg tyf sfo{of]hgf k'g/fjnf]sg h:tf sfo{qmdx?
cfly{s jif{ @)&$/&% df ;+rfng ePsf 5g\ . jg ljefuaf6 ;fnj;fnL ;+rflnt sfo{qmdx? jg
pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] nflu ;xhLs/0f tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u k'¥ofpg]tkm{ s]lG›t 5g\ . ljefuaf6 ;fd'bflos
jg sfo{qmd ;xlhs/0f tyf lgodgsf nflu hf/L ul/Psf dfu{bz{g tyf lgb]{lzsfx?sf] sfof{Gjog
tyf cg'udg ljefusf :jLs[t sfo{qmdx? hlQs} dxTjk"0f{ 5g\ . ;fd'bflos jgdf ;dfg'kflts /
;dfj]zL ;xeflutf, ;+:yut kf/blz{tf Pj+ lbuf] jg Joj:yfkgsf nflu jg ljefun] lgDg lnlvt
lgb]{lzsf,dfu{bz{g tyf sfo{ljlwx? lgdf{0f u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofPsf] 5 .
y ;fd'bflos jg ljsf; lgb]{lzsf, @)%@
y ;fd'bflos jg ;|f]t ;e]{If0f lgb]{lzsf, @)^!
y ;fd'bflos jg ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] dfu{bz{g, @)&!
y ;fd'bflos jgsf] sf7 bfp/f ;+sng tyf laqmL ljt/0f lgb]{lzsf, @)&!
y ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] cfly{s sfo{ljlw lgb]{lzsf, @)&#
y ;fd'bflos jgdf jftfj/0fLo ;]jf tyf h}ljs ljljwt ;+/If0f ;xof]uL k'l:tsf, @)&% -k|sfzf]Gd'v_

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
;fd'bflos jgaf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLsf] Go"gtd @% k|ltzt /sd jg Joj:yfkgdf, #% k|ltzt ul/jL
Go"gLs/0fsf sfo{x?df / clwstd $) k|ltzt /sd ;fd'bflos ljsf;df vr{ ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf 5 .
pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] jg Joj:yfkgaf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLaf6 jg If]qdf k'g/nufgL tyf :yfgLo ef}lts k"jf{wf/
ljsf; lgdf{0fdf pNn]Vo ;xof]u u/]sf 5g\ . ;fd'bflos jg Joj:yfkgdfkm{t ;fdflhs, jftfj/0fLo /
ef}lts k'FhLsf] gjlgdf{0f, ljsf; tyf Joj:yfkg ePsf] 5 . ;d"xnfO{ cfˆgf ;d:of / ;dfwfgsf pkfo
cfFkm} s]nfpg ;Sg] / cfˆgf] sfd cfFkm} ug]{ cj;/ k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .
$=@ sj'lnotL jg
pTkfbsf] ;|f]t ;fwg ljxLg ul/jLsf] /]vfd'gL /x]sf kl/jf/sf] cfly{s cj:yfdf ;'wf/ tyf Ifltu|:t jg
If]qsf] k'g/f]Tyfg ug]{ bf]xf]/f] p2]Zo lnO{ sj'lnotL jg ljsf; sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] xf] . ækxf8L
sj'lnotL jg tyf r/g ljsf; cfof]hgfÆ sf] gfdaf6 cGt/f{li6«o s[lif ljsf; sf]if -cfO{=okm=P=8L_ sf]
C0f ;xof]udf dWodf~rnsf] sfe|]knf~rf]s / dsjfgk'/ lhNnfaf6 @)$* df z'? ePsf] of] sfo{qmd
qmdzM lj:tf/ x'+b} clxn] g]kfn ;/sf/s} nufgLdf #( lhNnfdf sfof{Gjogdf 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&$/&%
;Dddf #( lhNnfdf hDdf &,$*$ j6f sj'lnotL jg ;d"x u7g eO{ $#,#)) x]S6/ jg If]q x:tfGt/0f
e} ;s]sf] 5 . sfo{qmd dfkm{t &@,!)) ljkGg kl/jf/n] nfe k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . xfn;Dd :yflkt sj'lnotL
jg ;d"xx?nfO{ u7g kZrftsf] ;xof]u pknJw u/fpg] / :yfgLo dfu cg';f/ pNn]lvt lhNnfx?df gofF
sj'lnotL jg ;d"x u7g ;d]t ub}{ hfg] u/L cfly{s jif{ @)&$/&% df lgDg kIfx?nfO{ ;d]6]/ sfo{qmd
sfof{Gjog ePsf] b]lvG5 .
y ;Defljt s'lnolt jg If]q klxrfg u/L ljkGgd'vL sj'lnotL jg sfo{qmdsf] lj:tf/ ug]{
y ks]6 If]q ;'b[9Ls/0f, Ps Sni6/ Ps pTkfbg, lgis[o ;d"xx?nfO{ l;k ljsf; tyf cg'bfg Kofs]h
;lxt ;s[o t'Nofpg]
y ;d"x kl/rfns, ljQ ;xfos / k|fljlws ;]jf k|bfgdf lg/Gt/tf lbg]
cfly{s jif{ @)&@ / &# df ;+:yfut ljsf;, sj'lnotL jg ljsf;, u|dL0f ljQ ljsf; tyf kz' ljsf;
u/L rf/j6f cfwf/df sfo{qmdsf] cWoog tyf ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] lyof] . sj'lnotL jg ;d"xsf] ;+:yfut
ljsf;nfO{ ljZn]if0f ubf{ ^$ k|ltzt, @@ k|ltzt tyf !$ k|ltzt ;d"xx? qmdzM ;s[o, dWod tyf
lgZs[o /x]sf] pQm cWoogn] b]vfPsf] 5 . sj'lnotL jg ljsf;sf] cfwf/df x]bf{ *) k|ltzt ;d"xx?
jg Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;s[o /x]sf] / u|fdL0f ljQ ljsf; tyf kz' ljsf; tkm{ %) k|ltzt ;d"xx?
;s[o b]lvPsf 5g . ;du|df pNn]lvt rf/j6} ;"rsx?nfO{ ljZn]if0f ubf{ %% k|ltzt ;d"xx? ;s[o, #@
k|ltzt ;d"x dWod tyf !# k|ltzt ;d"x lgZs[o /x]sf 5g\ . sj'lnotL jg sfo{qmdaf6 kf7 l;s]/
;fd'bflos jgdf klg ljkGg kl/jf/sf] cfo cfh{gsf] nflu hUuf 5'§ofpg] sfo{sf] yfngL ePsf] 5 .
o;sf] dfWodaf6 ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf ljkGg kl/jf/;Dd k'Ug ;xh x'g] cg'ejn] b]vfPsf]
5 . sj'lnotL jg sfo{qmdsf] ef}uf]lns If]qut lj:tf/, Joj:yfkgdf ;+nUg 3/w'/L / If]qkmn Go"g

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
b]lvPtfklg ul/jL Go"gLs/0f / Ifltu|:t e"ldsf] k'g/f]Tyfgsf] p2]Zo lnPsf] x'+bf o;sf] dxTj emg\ j9\b}
uPsf] 5 .
$=# ;fem]bf/L jg
;fd'bflos jg sfof{Gjog x'+b} hfFbf jg If]qeGbf 6f9f /x]sf tyf jgdf kx'+r gePsf vf;u/L t/fOsf
blIf0fjtL{ ;d'bfosf] k/Dk/fut ef]uflwsf/ sfod ug{ ;+/rgfut tyf k|s[ofut ;d:ofx?sf b]vf k/]sf
sf/0f pgLx? cfˆgf ef]uflwsf/af6 jl~rt x'g ;Sg] cj:yf b]lvof] . glhssf] jg If]qdf pgLx?sf]
ef]uflwsf/ sfod ug{ / jg Joj:yfkgdf ;d'bfo, :yfgLo tx tyf ;/sf/jLr ;fem]bf/L sfod ug]{
p2]Zosf ;fy ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkg k2lt sfof{Gjogdf 5 . jg ljefusf] /fli6«o jg ljsf; tyf
Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd dfkm{t ;fem]bf/L jg :yfkgf tyf Joj:yfkgdf ;xof]u k'Ub} cfPsf] 5 . xfn t/fO{
tyf leqL dw]zsf s}nfnL, ?kGb]xL, slknj:t', gjnk/f;L, jf/f, k;f{, /f]tx6 tyf df]/ª u/L !@ lhNnfdf
#( ;fem]bf/L jg :yfkgf e} &#,)!@ x]S6/ jg If]q ;fem]bf/L jgsf] ?kdf Joj:yfkgdf 5g\ . pNn]lvt
!@ lhNnfsf] !$ k|ltzt jg If]q ;fem]bf/L jgn] cf]u6]sf] b]lvG5 . o; lsl;dsf] jg Joj:yfkg
cEof;n] jgIf]qaf6 6f9f /x]sf k/Dk/fut pkef]Qmfx? ;d]t jgsf] ;+/If0f, Joj:yfkgdf cfj4 eO
pgLx?sf] jg k}bfjf/sf] pkef]udf kx'Fr k'u]sf] 5 . ;fem]bf/L jgsf clwsf+z If]q pTkfbgzLn jgIf]qdf
kb{5g\ . t;y{ clwsf+z ;fem]bf/L jgdf lbuf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg sfof{Gjogdf
5 . t/fO dw]zsf !@ lhNnfsf #) j6f ;fem]bf/L jgdf j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg k2ltsf] cEof; e}
cfPsf] 5 . :ynut ?kdf sfof{Gjogdf ;xof]u ug{ jg ljefun] j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg lgb]{lzsf @)&!
sfof{Gjogdf NofPsf] 5 . j}1flgs jg Joj:ufkgsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/n] z'?jftdf g} jgsf] x}l;otdf
;'wf/ ub}{ jgsf] pTkfbg Ifdtf j[l4df 7"nf] ;kmntf xf+l;n u/]sf] 5 . ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkgn] cGo
Joj:yfkg k2ltsf] nflu ;d]t rf;f] / l;sfO{:ynsf] ?kdf sfd u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ;fem]bf/L jgaf6
j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgsf] l;sfO{ xfn cfP/ ;fd'bflos jgdf Jofks ?kmdf ljsf; tyf lj:tf/
eO/fv]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . o; cfly{s jif{df @*% j6f ;fd'bflos jgdf j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg sfof{Gjog
ePsf]df cfudL cfly{s jif{df yk $)) ;fd'bflos jgx?kdf j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf]
5 . ;d'bflosaf6 ;fem]bf/L / ;fem]bf/Laf6 ;fd'bflos jg k2ltn] l;Sg] sfo{ cf+km}df ;sf/fTds 5 .
%= ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkgsf ;+:yfut, ;+/rgfut tyf sfo{ljlwut ljz]iftfx?
;fd'bflos jg, sj'lnotL jg tyf ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkg k2ltx? ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ePtf klg
cf–cfˆg} ;+:yfut tyf ;+/rgfut ljz]iftfx? 5g\ . ;+:yfut tyf ;+/rgfut ljleGgtfn] jg ;+/If0f
tyf Joj:yfkgdf ;d'bfosf] ;+nUgtf tyf nfesf] jf+8kmf+8 k2ltdf ;d]t ljleGgtf NofPsf] 5 .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
Joj:yfkg k2lt ;fd'bflos jg ul/jL Go"gLs/0fsf nflu ;fem]bf/L jg
ljz]iftfx? sj'lnotL jg
(1) k[i7e"ld cg'ejhGo l;sfOsf] nfdf] jg If]qaf6 ;d]t ul/jL Go"gLs/0fdf ;fd'bflos jgdf 69fsf pkef]Qmf
k[i7e"ld, bft[ lgsfo tyf 6]jf k'of{pg ;lsg] ;fd'bflos jgsf] 5'6g\ ] x'b+ f, t/fOsf 7"nf rSnfjgaf6
;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;fy ;xof]u, l;sfO{af6 ul/jL Go"gLs/0f tkm{ /fhZj klg cfDbfgL ug{ ;lsg] /
Jofks hg;xeflutf tyf g]tT[ j nlIft ljz]if sfo{qmd, ljkGg ju{sf] jg Joj:ykgdf :yfgLo lgsfo;+u
ljsf;, jg Joj:yfkgsf] d"n wf/ hLljsf]kfh{g ;'wf/ / jg k'g/f]Tygsf] ;fem]bf/Ln] jg ;+/If0f tyf
tyf l;sfOsf] s]G› Kofs]h sfo{qmd Joj:yfkgdf yk ;xof]u h'6g\ ]
ePsfn] ;d'bfo, :yfgLo tx tyf
;/sf/sf] ;fem]bf/L ;'? ePsf]
(2) sfg"gL P]gsf] bkmf $! jdf]lhd u7g P]gsf] bkmf #! jdf]lhd sj'lnotf] P]gsf] kl/R5]b $s jdf]lhd lhNnf
Joj:yf ePsf] pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ bkmf @%jgsf] k§f k|bfg x'g,] sfo{of]hgf tyf jg, :yfgLo tx / pkef]Qmfsf]
jdf]lhd x:tfGt/0f x'g,] sfo{of]hgf
ljwfg lhNnf jg clws[tn] :js[t ;fem]bf/Ldf Jojl:yt, bkmf @$3
tyf ljwfg lhNnf jg clws[tn] ug],{ ;fd'bflos jg ;/x k|fyldstf, jdf]lhd ;d"x u7g x'g,] If]qLo jg
:jLs[t ug],{ ;d"x cljl5Gg k|yd k6s $) jif{sf] k§f lbOg], lgb]z{ gfno dfkm{t k|fKt ePkZrft
pQ/flwsf/jfnf :jzfl;t ;+:yf gof+ ;+zf]wg cg';f/ lgodfjnLdf ljefun] :jLs[t ug],{ gof+ Joj:yf
Jojl:yt cfpg jf+ls cg';f/ lgodfjnLdf cfpg jf+ls
(3) nlIft ju{
jg If]
q glhs tyf kfos kg]
{ ljkGg ePsf] dfkb08sf cfwf/df glhs tyf 6f9fsf klxrfg ePsf
tyf ;d"xdf klxrfg ePsf ;j} pkef]
Q mf ;b:otf klxrfg ;j} pkef]Qmf, :yfgLo tx / lhNnf
;b:otf jg sfof{no
(4) sfo{ ;+rfng ;d"xsf] ljwfg, sfo{of]hgf tyf ;d"xsf] ljwfg, sfo{of]hgf tyf jg Joj:yfkg sfo{of]hgf, ;d"x
ljlw ljefub\ajf/f hf/L $=@ df ljefuåf/f hf/L sj'lnotL jg ;+rfng sfo{ljlw, ;fem]bf/L jg
pNn]lvt lgb]l{ zsf / sfo{ljlwx? ljsf; sfo{qmd ;+rfng dfu{bz{g / Joj:yfkg lgb]l{ zsf @)^*,
hLljsf]kfh{g ;'wf/ of]hgf tof/L tyf sfof{Gjog OsfOsf] Joj:yf
sfof{Gjog ;xof]uL k'l:tsf
(5) se/]h Jofks tyf b]zJofkL #( lhNnfdf dfq t/fO tyf leqL dw]zsf !@ lhNnfdf
dfq
(6) ;d"xdf k|ToIf k|ToIf ck|ToIf, jx';/f]sf/jfnf tyf
pkef]Qmfsf] jx'kIfLo ;d"x x'G5
k|ltlglwTj
(7) ef]uflwsf/ pkef]Qmf ;d"x leq laqmL ljt/0fsf] x:tfGt/0f kZrftsf] cfo zt ;Dk"0f{ nfesf] %) k|ltzt ;d"xsf],
tyf nfesf] ztk|ltzt / jfXoo laqmLdf ;fn k|ltzt ;d"xsf], x:tfGt/0f cufl8 !) k|ltzt :yfgLo txsf] tyf $)
jfF8kmf8 / vo/ k|hfltdf !% k|ltzt jfx]s ePsf ?v ;+/If0f u/] jfkt ;f]af6 k|ltzt ;/sf/sf] x'g]
;ft k|ltzt nfe ;d"xn] lng k|fKt afosf] lglZrt lx:;f ;d"xnfO{
kfpg] lbOg], lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf x'g afFsL
(8) sf]ifsf] Go"gtd @% k|ltzt jg Joj:yfkg, lglZrt k|ltzt tf]lsPsf] sfddf pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] k|fKt /sdsf] qmdzM
pkof]u #% k|ltzt ul/jL Go"gLs/0f tyf nufpg] egL Plsg ul/Psf] 5}g . !) / $) k|ltzt k|zf;lgs / jg
clwstd $) k|ltzt ;fdflhs k|fKt cfDbfgL ;d"xsf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf Joj:yfkgdf / jf+ls ;fd'bflos
ljsf; ;'wf/ tyf jg Joj:yfkgdf ljsf;df vr{ ug{ ;Sg] .
k|fyldstfsf;fy nufgL ug{k' g]{
Joj:yf 5 .
(9) :yfgLo gLltut, sfg"gL tyf sfo{ljlwut :yfgLo tx;+u ;fem]bf/L tyf ;xsfo{ gLltut, sfg"gL tyf sfo{ljlwut
tx;+u ?kdf 5}g -cfh ;Dd_ x'G5 ?kdf 5}g
;fem]bf/L
tyf ;xsfo{

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
^= r'gf}tL tyf cfufdL sfo{lbzfM
;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jg Joj:yfkg k2lt :jo+df cToGt} ultzLn k|s[of xf] . ;fd'bflos jg, sj'lnotf] jg
tyf ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkgdf klg s]xL ;femf lsl;dsf / s]xL k2lt ljz]if;+u ;DalGwt jx'cfolds
k|j[ltsf ;jfnx? b]lvPsf 5g\ . k|d'v ?kdf b]vf k/]sf s]xL ;femf tyf s]xL k2ltljz]if;+u ;DalGwt
r'gf}tL tyf ;jfnx?nfO{ oxf+ pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
s= dfgj jGohGt' åGå Joj:yfkgM jGo hgfj/ jgsf cleGg c+u / ;d[l4sf ;"rs klg x'g\ . jg
k}bfjf/ pTkfbg tyf j]rljvgsf] Joj:yf, pBd, cfocfh{g nufotsf sfo{af6 ;+nUg ;d'bfosf]
;d[l4 hlt dxTjk0f{ 5 Toltg} dxTjk"0f{ jGohGt' ;+/If0f sfo{ klg 5 . xfn;Dd ;j} sfo{qmdx?
jg ;+/If0f / jg k}bfjf/ pTkfbgdf dfq cEo:t b]lvPsf 5g\ . kmn:j?k dfgj jGohGt' åGå
Jofks / b]zJofkL ?kdf b]vfk/]sf] 5 . cj jGohGt' ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf] nflu klg plQs}
k|of; ;lxt gof+ e"ldsf v]Ng{'kg]{ ePsf] 5 . ljBdfg dfgj jGohGt' åGå Joj:yfkgsf] nflu
;d'bfodf cfwfl/t rf]/L lzsf/ k|lt/f]w, jGohGt'sf] h}ljs dfu{, jf;:yfg, k|hgg\:yn, kfgL3f6
;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg ug{ cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 . glhssf ;fem]bf/L jg, ;fd'bflos jg tyf
sj'lnotL jg ;d"xsf] ;+:yfut ;xsfo{ / ;fem]bf/Ldf jGohGt' ;+/If0f / k|efljt kl/jf/nfO{
;d'bfo:t/af6 ;d]t Iflt /fxt tyf jrfpsf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{ cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 .
v= jgsf] a}1flgs Joj:yfkgM jgsf] /fd|f];+u ;+/If0faf6 dfq ;Gtf]if dfGg] cj:yf 5}g . xfd|f] nIo
jg ;+/If0fsf ;fy} ;d[l4 klg xf] . ;d[l4sf] nflu jg If]qnfO{ pTkfbg :ynsf] ?kdf ?kfGt/0f
u/L lg/Gt/ jhf/ cfk"lt{ ug{ / To;faf6 :yfgLo /f]huf/L / cfo cfh{g k|fKt ug{ ckl/xfo{ ePsf]
5 . j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg jf/]df ;+nUg ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;dfg a'emfO{, pkef]Qmf ;d"x / jg
k|fljlwsx?sf] Ifdtf ljsf;, jg If]qsf] j:t'ut cj:yfdf cfwfl/t sfo{of]hgf / sfo{of]hgf
sfof{Gjogsf nflu nufgLsf] cfjZoQmf 5 . jg jfnL s6fg, 6'gf6'qmf tyf jg jflx/ lgsfNgsf]
nflu cfjZostf pks/0f, sfo{:yndf ;'/Iff ;fdfg ;lxtsf bIf sfdbf/sf] k|jGw ug{ yk ;|f]t
;fwgsf] vf+rf] 5 . nufgLof]Uo k'+lh lghL If]q;+u dfq x'g] x'Fbf efjL lbgdf lghL If]qsf k|zf]wg
pBf]ux?sf] nflu pkef]Qmf ;d"xx?n] jg k}bfjf/ pTkfbg tyf cfk"lt{stf{sf] e"ldsf v]Ng] u/L
;fem]bf/L tyf ;xsfo{ ug{ cfjZos 5 .
u= ;d"xåf/f pTkflbt jg k}bfjf/df cfwfl/t pBd ljsf; M jg k}bfjf/df cfwfl/t pBf]ux?
jg Joj:yfkgsf cleGg cË x'g\ . o:tf pBf]ux? :yfkgf, ;+rfng tyf Joj:yfkgaf6 dfq
jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ pBf]usf] nflu jg k}bfjf/ pTkfbg ug{df k|f]T;fxg ldNGg]5 . ljutdf
pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{g} pBd ;+rfng tyf Joj:yfkgsf cfly{s tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u k'¥ofOPsf]df
cfzftLt ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;lsPg . gLlt tyf sfg"g eP/ dfq gx'g] /x]5 . pkef]Qmf ;d"x
:jtGq / ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] -jg P]g bkmf $#_ x}l;otn] jg k}bfjf/ pTkfbg / laqmL ljt/0f ug{

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
t ;Sb5 t/ gfkmf sdfpg] Joj;flos ;+u7gsf] :jefj eg] o;df 5}g . Jofj;flos pTkfbg
/ cfk"lt{ ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf tyf :jefj eg] lghL If]q / ;xsf/Ln] dfq /fVb5 . gfkmf sdfpg
Jofkf/, Jofj;fo ug]{ lghL tyf ;xsf/L If]q / jg k}bfjf/ pTkfbg tyf cfk"lt{ ug]{ pkef]Qmf
;d"xjLr ;xsfo{ / ;fem]bf/Lsf] cjz/ olx+g]/ 5 . ;fd'bflos jgn] o; lsl;dsf] ;xsfo{ /
;fem]bf/L ug{ cfh;Dd ;s]sf] b]lvGg . j:t' / ;]jf b'j}df cfwfl/t pBd ljsf;sf cj;/x?
5g\ . ;/sf/–;d'bfo–lghLIf]qsf] ;fem]bf/L jf ;xsfl/tfsf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/ pBd ljsf;nfO{
ult lbg ;Sg] ;+efjgf 5 .
3= ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f, cg'udg tyf Jojl:yt clen]v k|0ffnLM ;fd'bflos, sj'lnotL tyf
;fem]bf/L jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ k'of{pg'kg]{ ;]jfsf] cfjZostf lg/Gt/ jl9/fv]sf] cj:yf 5 .
j9\bf] ;]jfsf] dfusf] cfwf/df ;xof]uL ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] ;+VofTds, u'0ffTds tyf If]qut ljsf;
tyf lj:tf/ x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] Ifdtf / cfjZos ;]jfsf] cefjdf ;d"xleq
ljleGg lsl;dsf ljs[ltx? ;d]t b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . o;sf] ljDj jg Joj:yfkgsf s[ofsnfkx?df
b]vf kl//fv]sf] 5 . ;'zf;gnfO{ sdhf]/ t'NofPsf] 5 . ljs[ltleq v]Ng] / /dfpg] k|j[ltnfO{ x6fpg]
k|d'v pkfo eg]s} Jojl:yt clen]v tyf n]vf k|0ffnL, ;'b[9 ;d"x tyf ;+:yfut ultljlw /
;]jfsf] u'0ffTds tyf If]qut lj:tf/ g} xf] . kf/bzL{, ;jn / ;'b[9 ;d"x ;lxtsf] u'0ffTds ;]jf
k|jfxaf6 dfq jg If]qn] b]v]sf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj j9fO{ ;d[l4df 6]jf k'¥ofpg] nIo k|fKt
ug{ ;lsG5 . ;d"x tyf jg Joj:yfkg s[ofsnfkx?sf] lgoldt cg'udg u/L lhNnf, k|b]z tyf
/fli6«o:t/df Joj:yfkg ;"rgf k|0ffnL Joj:yfkg dfkm{t h'g;'s} j]nf cfjZos ;Dk"0f{ hfgsf/L
pknJw u/fpg ;Sg] x'g' kb{5 .
ª= cg';Gwfg tyf k|ljlw ljsf;M g]kfndf jg cg';Gwfgsf] nflu jg cg';Gwfg tyf ;e]{If0f ljefu
:yfkgf tyf ;+rfngdf 5 . lbuf] jg Joj:yfkgsf] Ps cleGg c+usf] ?kdf jg cg';Gwfgn]
sfo{d"ns cg';Gwfg u/L jg If]qsf ljBdfg ;jfnx?nfO{ ;Djf]wg ug{ ;Sg] lsl;dsf kl/0ffdx?
lbg ;s]sf] 5}g . clxn] ;j} lsl;dsf Joj:yfkg kf}ltx?df jf}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg ljsf; tyf
lj:tf/ x'+b}5 . ;/sf]/jfnfx?sf] km/s j'emfOsf sf/0faf6 ;d]t sfof{Gjogdf c;xhtf cfPsf]
5 . dfgj jGohGt' åGå jg If]qsf] tftf] ;d:ofsf] ?kdf /fi6«JofkL ?kdf cfPsf] 5 . t/ o:tf
;d:ofx? ;dfwfgfy{ cg';Gwfg tyf k|ljlw ljsf;df Wofg hfg ;s]sf] 5}g . jg cg';Gwfg
tyf ljsf; lg/k]If x'g ;Sb}g . xfn} dfq kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] ;fd'bflos jg cWoog cg';Gwfg
s]G›nfO{ ;+:yfut tyf ;+/rgfut Joj:yf u/L ljBdfg Jojxfl/s ;jfn/;d:ofx?sf] ;fk]Iftfdf
sfo{d"ns cg';Gwfg u/L sfo{:yndf ;'wf/ ug{ kl/0ffd pknJw u/fpg ;Sg] jgfpg h?/L 5 .
r= ;+3Lotdf ;fd'bflos tyf ;fem]bf/L jgM ;fd'bflos jg ljsf;df ljutsf :yfgLo lgsfo;+u
;xsfo{ tyf ;fem]bf/Lsf] cefj lgs} v8\lsPsf] ljifo lyof] . jg P]g @)$(, lgodfjnL

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
@)%! tyf ;fd'bflos jg sfof{Gjogsf xfn;Ddsf sfo{ljlwut b:tfj]hx?df :yfgLo lgsfosf]
;xof]u tyf ;dGjosf] kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] lyPg / 5}g . ;fem]bf/L jg Joj:yfkgdf :yfgLo
lgsfosf] ;+nUgtf ePtfklg o; cjlwdf lgjf{lrt g]t[Tjsf] cefjsf sf/0f ;fd'bflos jg /
;fem]bf/L jg cfh;Dd cfpFbf :yfgLo hgk|ltlglwn] vf;} e"ldsf v]Ng] df}sf kfPsf] b]lv+b}g .
o; cjlwsf] clwsf+z ;do lgjf{lrt :yfgLo k|ltlglwsf] cefjsf sf/0f klg ;fd'bflos jg
ljsf;df :yfgLo lgsfosf] e"ldsfaf/] hg:t/af6 cfjfh klg p7\g ;s]g . jg ;+/If0f tyf
ljsf;sf nflu lgDg ljifodf cfk;L ;xof]u / ;fem]bf/L u/]/ :yfgLo ;/sf/ / ;d'bfo b'j}n]
lht lhtsf] cj:yf lgsfnL ;fd'bflos jg k|s[ofnfO{ ;'b[9 u/fpg h?/L b]lvPsf] 5 .
y ;d'bfo / :yfgLo kflnsfjLr cfly{s tyf ljsf; ;fem]bf/L
y u}/ pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ 6f9f /fVg;Sg], /fhgLlts l;dfgf eGbf dfly x'g], ;Dk"0f{ nfesf] pkof]u,
cfˆgf] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu cf+km} lg0f{o ug]{ h:tf pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ k|f]T;fxg lbg] cfwf/e"t
tTjx? ;+/If0f
5= ;fd'bflos jgdf h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f tyf jftfj/0fLo ;]jfsf] e'QmgLM ;fd'bflos jgaf6
j:t' / ;]jf b'j} k|fKt x'G5 . pkef]Qmfsf] cfjZostf / ahf/sf] dfu cg';f/ j:t' -sf7, bfp/f
cflb_ jf ;]jf -kof{ko{6g, dgf]/~hg tyf ;"rgfd"ns ultljlw cflb_ sf] pTkfbg / jhf/Ls/0f
ug{'kb{5 . ljutdf xfdL ;fd'bflos jgaf6 k|fKt x'g] 3/fo;L jg j}bfjf/ k|flKtsf] nflu d"Vo ?kdf
hf]8 lbof}+ . jhf/Ls/0f, pBd ljsf; tyf jftfj/0f0fLo ;]jfsf] e'QmfgLsf k|of;x? ;}4flGts
5nkmnsf ljifo jg] t/ j:t'ut pknlJw xf+l;n ug{ ;lsPg . emfkf, df]/ª, lrtjg, sf7df08f},
?kGb]xL, sf:sL, jlb{of nufotsf lhNnfdf s]xL ;fd'bflos jgx?n] :jtM:km"t{ ?kdf kof{ko{6g
Joj;fo ;'? u/L :yfgLo /f]huf/L / cfocfh{gdf 6]jf k'¥ofPsf] b]lvG5 . t/ kof{ko{6gnfO{ :ki6
sfo{ljlw ;lxt ljsf;, lj:tf/ tyf lgodg ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . ;g\ @)@) ;Dddf ;fd'bflos
jgsf s[ofsnfkx?df h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f tyf jftfj/0fLo ;]jf d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug]{ g]kfn
hf}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f /0fgLlt tyf sfof{Gjog of]hgf -NBSAP 2014 - 2020_ / cfufdL
cfly{s jif{df %))) ;fd'bflos jgdf kof{ko{6g sfo{qmd nfu" u/L :yfgLo /f]huf/L tyf
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;DaGwL k|fjwfgx? ;dfj]z u/L sfof{Gjog txdf ;xhLs/0f u/fpg h?/L b]lvPsf]5 .
h= ;fd'bflos jgdf sfo{of]hgf k'g/fjnf]sg JofsnuM ;fd'bflos jgsf] lg/Gt/tfsf nflu
sfo{of]hgfx? cfjlws k'g/fjnf]sg u/L pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf x/]s s[ofsnfkx? ljlw;Ddt tyf
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k'g/fjnf]sg x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . Jofsnu sfo{of]hgfx? k'g/fjnf]sg u/L :jefljs k|s[ofdf Nofpg'
cfufdL lbgsf] nflu 7"nf] r'gf}tLsf] ?kdf b]vf k/]sf] 5 . s]xL 7"nf If]qkmn ePsf ;fd'bflos
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jh]6 ;lxt k'g/fjnf]sgsf] :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd k|fKt x'g g;Sg' h:tf sf/0fx?af6 j9\bf]
;+Vofdf sfo{of]hgfx? k'g/fjnf]sg x'g afFsL ePsf] b]lvPsf] xf] . cj k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ pgLx?n]
pkef]u u/]sf] afFsL jg If]q ;d]t ;fd'bflos jgdf ;d]6\g'kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . Ps} ;d"xsf Ps eGbf
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sfof{jlw sfod /fVg ;Sg] u/L sfo{qmd tyf jh]6 to ug{'kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .
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kfg{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . cfufdL lbgdf :ki6 cfwf/ tyf ;"rs dfkgsf cfwf/df ul/jLaf6 ;d[l4
tkm{ -graduation from poverty towards prosperity_ hfg ;kmn ;xeflusf]
;+Vof jtfpg ;Sg] x'g' cfjZos 5 .
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Program- WUPAP_ sf] ;xof]udf ul/jL Go"gLs/0fsf nflu sj'lnotL jg sfo{qmd nfu"
ePsf lhNnfx?df ;d}t k"0f{ ?kdf sfo{qmd n}hfg] .
y hldgnfO{ pTkfbgsf] ;fwgsf] ?kdf ;fwg ljxLg ljkGg kl/jf/nfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/L ljleGg
Kofs]h sfo{qmdsf] ;xof]udf pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj j9fpg] nIo xf] . r/d ul/jL, b'u{d
tyf cK7\of/f] ef}uf]lns cj:yfsf sf/0f sltko sj'lnotL jg ;d"xsf ;b:ox? xfn;Dd
;d:ofsf] b'irqmd} /x]sf / jflx/L ;xof]u k|fKt ePsf] cj:yfdf dfq sfo{qmd nfu" ug]{
tyf cfˆg} cfly{s tyf kfl/>lds kxndf sj'lnotL jg If]qsdf sfd gug]{ k|j[lt b]lvG5 .
sj'lnotL jgdf sfd ubf{sf] Hofnf dhb'/L ;d]t pTkfbg x'g] k}bfjf/af6 k|fKt x'g g;Sg]
b]lvPsfn] cfufdL lbgdf ;xefuL ls;fgsf] ;d]t pTkfbsTj j9\g] u/L pko'Qm k|ljlw tyf
kx'+rsf] Joj:yf ;lxt sfo{qmd tox'g'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
y sfo{qmd sfo{Gjogsf nflu hgzlQmsf] cefj ePsf] b]lvG5 . :ynut sfof{Gjogdf ;xof]u
tyf ;xhLs/0f ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/Lsf] Joj:yf ;lxt Kofs]h sfo{qmdn] dfq sfo{qmdsf]
p2]Zo k|fKt ug{ ;xh x'g] b]lvG5 . xfn sfo{qmddfkm{t lgo'Qm jg k|fljlws, ;dfh kl/rfns,
ljQ ;xfos h:tf ;xhstf{x?n] /fd|f] ;]jf k|jfx ul//fv]sf] b]lvPsfn] jg If]qsf] k'g/;+/rgf
x'+bf ;d]t o; lsl;dsf ;]jfx?sf] lg/Gt/tf lbg' kg]{ .
y b'u{d tyf ;+rf/;+u hf]8\g g;s]sf :yfgx?df sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsfn] sd{rf/LnfO{ cg'udg
nufot Go"gtd ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] u/L ;'ljwfx? pknJw u/fpg'kg]{ blvG5 . xfn ;'ud
tyf b'u{d lhNnfsf] nflu Pp6} b/df cg'bfg ;'ljwfx? pknJw u/fpg] ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnf
b//]6 cg';f/ sfd ug{ ;lsg] u/L sfo{qmd tyf jh]6sf] Gofof]lrt Joj:yf ug{'kg]{ b]lvG5 .
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jg Joj:yfkg k2ltx? sfg"gL, ;+:yfut tyf ;+/rgfut lx;fjdf km/s tyf ljlzi6 x}l;ot /fVb5g\ .
g]kfnsf] jg gLlt @)&!, jg If]qsf /0fgLlt @)&@ n] jg If]qsf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj j9fpg oL
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;fd'bflos jgsf Jofsnu sfo{of]hgf k'g/fjnf]sg tyf ul/jL Go"gLs/0fsf nflu sj'lnotL jg lj:tf/
h:tf r'gf}tLx?sf] ;fdfgf u/L cfufdL lbgdf cufl8 j9\g'kg]{5 .
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k2ltx? x'G, :yfgLo ;d"xn] k|fKt u/]sf] nfen] pgLx?nfO{ jg ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkgdf xf};nf k|bfg
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Scientific Forestry Practices in Participatory Forest
M an age m e n t S ys t e m of N e p al
Ji b e s h K u m ar K .C ., R oj i n a S h r e sth a
Corresponding author: Jibesh Kumar K.C.
Email: jibeshkc2012@gmail.com
A B S T R A C T
The understanding of scientific management in accessible forests of Nepal is based on
conventional scientific forestry. The Scientific Forestry defines the purpose of forestry
as the efficient production of wood and fiber, with timber species as the object of
its practices. Concept of scientific forestry, and its practices in participatory forest
management system and other forest management systems of Nepal is discussed
in this paper. Several attempts from researchers to bureaucrats have been made to
introduce scientific forestry practices in Nepal. These practices are also introduced
in participatory forest management systems as a tool of state control. However, there
is still so many technical lacking in its implementation. Silvicultural system based
forest management should not be considered as only management option in forests of
Nepal including in participatory forest management. This system does not consider
goal of forest management other than wood production. A sufficiently wise and flexible
silvicultural art can be effective to practice in participatory forest management
regimes for multiple services which should be based on traditional and local forest
management practices, and scientific knowledge.
Keywords: Forest Management, Scientific forestry, Silvicultural practices, wood production,

N e pa l

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I n t r od u c t i on
About half of country's land is covered with forest and other wooded land in Nepal (DFRS,
2015). In Nepalese context, forests are interlinked with agriculture, tourism, industries,
water resource, energy, wildlife and environment and one-third of the total households are
involved in management and use of forests. Most of the accessible forests are managed under
participatory forest management (community forests, leasehold forests and collaborative
forests). Over thirty thousand forest user groups manages one third of the total forest area
under participatory management for multiple uses. About 69,000 ha forests in 11 districts are
under active forest management (Paudel, 2018).
Practices in Nepalese reachable forests are based on conventional scientific forestry which
was emerged in the mid-eighteenth century in Europe and gradually spread throughout the
world. Scientific forestry is developed as a tool by industrial foresters to separate nature
from rural livelihoods and to organize society to meet the demands of a global timber
economy (Lang & Pye, 2000). The commercialization of nature and the growth of the
global timber economy have their roots in scientific forestry. Scientific Forestry defines the
purpose of forestry as the efficient production of wood and fiber, with timber species as the
object of its practices. In the United States professional foresters considered the practice of
forestry for any purpose other than timber production as “illegitimate” (Baker and Kusel,
2003). In Nepal as well the practices other than scientific forestry in forest management is
undermined. This meant that long-standing uses of forests such as grazing, non-timber forest
products, agro-forestry and biodiversity conservation, which is been considered as major
benefits from Participatory Forest Management System (PFMS) is defined outside the bright
line within which scientific forestry management took place. In Nepal scientific forestry is
being practiced in the name of active forest management, sustainable forest management
and scientific forest management. However the core objective of the practices is to produce
wood efficiently and sustainably, and major instruments are silvilultural operations (tending
and cultural operations) and silvicultural system (a set of silvicultural procedures). In theory,
sustainable forest management is the process of managing forest to achieve one or more
clearly defined objectives of management in relation to the production of a continuous
flow of desired forest products and services without undue reduction of its inherent values
and future productivity and without undue undesirable effects on the physical and social
environment (ITTO, 1992).

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
The segregation of scientific forestry from local management practices narrowed
understanding of forestry profession, sometimes with adverse effect. Therefore, many
professional foresters and forest scientists have failed to recognize that forests can also be
managed as fruit forests in Indonesia and India or agro forests on almost every continent
(Fortmann and Ballard, 2011). Practices under scientific forestry are focused on managing
a few economically important species and assumes that "they can be managed in isolation
and manipulated without affecting other aspects of nature" (Bocking, 2004), this system of
management oversimplifies the landscape, ecosystems, and the people living there (Baker
and Kusel, 2003; Scott, 1998). In practicing active forest management, high emphasis was
given on production of Shorea robusta and resulting biodiversity loss is witnessed in the
community forests of Nepal.
Some professional foresters moved away from narrowly defined scientific forestry practices
and beliefs. In the United States, forest managers are now called "vegetation managers" and
they are mandated to manage forests for wildlife, fuel reduction, and restoration. However,
some foresters including Nepalese foresters still adhere to them. Scientific forestry (SF),
in short, provide limited options to manage local forests and considers local knowledge as
unscientific and subjective (Baker and Kusel, 2003; Fortmann and Ballard, 2011)
S ilv ic u ltu r e S y s te m B a s e d S F P r a c tic e s I n N e p a l

In Nepal, silvicultural system based scientific practices in forests were introduced and
operational from several attempts of donors, researchers and bureaucrats. An attempt to
introduce scientific forest management in Terai was made by Mr. E.A. Smithies in 1942.
Another attempt has been made by UNDP/FAO at Rautahat in 1995 and at a few districts
or locations by FINNIDA. Later, several act and directives including MPFS (1989), Forest
Act (1993) and Forestry sector policies provides a clear way for practicing the new technical
aspect in forestry management regimes. However, silvicultural interventions are practiced,
only in a few small plots (Parajuli and Amatya 2001). Previously selective logging, clear
felling with and without advance regeneration, simple coppice system, coppice with standard
system was applied so far in Nepal.
Silviclutural system based scientific forestry practices in government owned property
is seen difficult to operational for long run in Nepal. Due to over-bureaucratic control,
ineffectiveness of government circulars, unsupportive directives and inadequate technical

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
back stopping; natural resources could not managed efficiently and scientifically. In Terai
region, this inability to practice silvicultural system in large areas for long time has led
to over-mature degraded forests with many deformed trees, inadequate regeneration and
stagnation well below potential growth rates (Pesonen and Rautiainen, 1995), and producing
significantly lower up to 30 times than potential yields and revenues (VanSchoubroeck et al.
2004; Hill 1999).
However in recent years, a silvicultural system based forest management, popularly known
as scientific forest management (SciFM) has been practicing in pioneer stage in various
forest management regimes including collaborative forests (CBF), community forests (CF),
government managed forests (GF) and block forests (BF). The SciFM was first introduced
in 2014 in forests of Terai under CBF. It was introduced for utilization of over matured
trees of Terai with the object of revenue generation for government, and supply of timber
to the market. Government of Nepal has made Scientific Forest Management Guideline,
2014 which opens the door for the execution of SciFM in forests of Nepal. The guideline
has suggested three general silvicultural systems: clear felling system, shelterwood system
and coppice system; with their variants. However, the practiced silvilcutural system is
shelterwood system (SWS) in forest management regimes of Terai and Hills. The variant
of shelterwood system is irregular SWS in almost all SciFM practiced forests; and uniform
SWS is practiced in very few forests. It aimed at ensuring the sustained yield of timber from
the forest. The general practices in SciFM practiced forests involves division of the forest
into compartments and sub-compartments based on rotation age; adoption of silvicultural
system based management; systematic harvesting of sub-compartment and marking and
systematic harvesting of marked trees including detailed cost and benefit analysis (MOFSC,
2014).
S c ie n tific fo r e s tr y p r a c tic e s in P a r tic ip a to r y F o r e s t M a n a g e m e n t S y s te m o f N e p a l

With the expansion of PFMS in Nepal, there has been a growing concern for sustainability
of resource system. It seems that government has always remained worried on the over
harvesting, which according to its assumption, is due to the lack of technical knowledge and
management capacity among the forest users. This concern is reflected in the informal issuance
of government in not handing over productive forests of Terai to people as community forest
(Skarner, 2000) and later provision was made to manage the forests in collaborative way as

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
CBF. Scientific practices are mandatory to be executed for the sustainable wood production,
regulation of demand and supply of timber, efficient utilization of the resources and shift
from protection to production of the resources. Therefore, SF practices are demanded in
developing countries like Nepal.
Operation plans (OPs) are key doors of SF forestry practices in PFMSs which have become a
precondition for transferring authority to local institutions in processes of forest management
(Rutt et al., 2014). The OP prepared earlier reveal that the concept of active management of
community forests has been undermined in many of the CFs. Baral (1993) reviewed OPs
of eight hill districts and found that none of them mentioned how and when to carry out
silvicultural operation. Contents of technical aspects in OPs are very conservative (Shrestha
& Amatya, 2000). The technical aspects of forestry mainly the silvicultural elements have
not been taken seriously and it is not a healthy practice (Shrestha and Amatya, 2001) and
the commercial potential of the forest is not being utilized (Grosen, 2001; Khanal, 2002).
Protection was considered as key factor to evaluate performance of community forest
user groups(Suwal, 2004) and other reason not having active management is low input
of knowledge of silvicultural tools and techniques among users. Recent study by Rutt et
al. (2014) found that OPs flawed due to a lack of rigor in the implementation of forest
inventories.Typically, more or less identical forest management activities are prescribed
in several OPs (Chhetri et al., 2012), and the specified silviculture is being operated in
community forests to promote timber production (Nightingale, 2005; Ojha, 2006).
In contrast Gilmour and fisher (1991) states OP should contain a system of technical
silviculture practice pertaining to forest use and management, social arrangements made
for the organization and implementation of those practices and the distribution of forest
products. Evidences indicate that CFUGs are moving towards practicing active forest
management (Khanal, 2002; Oli, 2012). The active forest management (AFM) approach
calls for the implementation of various silvicultural and harvesting activities in the forests.
However in practice, some of CFs is being applied only in the name of AFM and undermines
general principles of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) (Acharya, 1997 and Branney,
1996; cited by Oli, 2012). With the introduction of SciFM in participatory forests, need of
scientific management has been realized by GoN, donor communities and other stakeholders.
But it will need enough efforts to acknowledge silvicultural inputs among users consensus
which should be considered important aspect especially in practicing SF in participatory
forest governance system.
jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
The cost of not having active forest management and silvicultural operations has been
estimated as much as Rs. 560 per household per year (Hill, 1999). SF practices particularly
silvicultural system based practices has the potential to fulfill the national demand of wood
products, and it can also create several employment opportunities and income generation
activities. On the other hand CFUGs will become more independent in term of economy with
the production of high value timber and there would begood environment for establishing
and sustaining local level forest based industries. However, Paudel (2018) suggested
enabling environment, institutional re-organization, enhancing forest management capacity,
improved forestry governance, reducing non-forestry workload of government forestry
staff, and preparation and use of standard silvicultural operational guidelines to upscale
silviculture based forest management in Nepal.
P r o b le m s /K e y is s u e s in s c ie n tific fo r e s tr y p r a c tic e s in N e p a l
The basis of the application of forestry practices in reachable forests of Nepal is conventional
scientific forestry (i.e. timber production). The multiple benefits from previous Participatory
forests may not be the case in future if it is applied throughout the country. Another
argument arises here as whether the other forest services will be considered if the system
is implemented in every accessible forest in Nepal. As Forestry Sector Strategy targeted to
apply sustainable/scientific forest management on about 50% of Terai and Inner Terai forests
and at least 25% of middle hills and mountain forests within 2025 (MOFSC, 2015).
Scientific forest management guideline, 2014 has suggested three general silvicultural
systems and their variants, however till date, similar silvicultural system is being
adopted in forests in spite of differences in management regimes, topography, species
composition and other characteristics. Silviculture system and rotation age may not be
same for forests of different regions of the country and requires much research and survey.
Small patches of existing community forest have difficulties in application of SciFM which
are generally applicable to large extent of forest area. Some other issues are also encountered
regarding getting consensus among public and politicians on felling green tree, and suspicion
of exploitation and corruption (Paudel, 2018).
Challenges recognized in managing forests scientifically in Nepal are lack of political and
professional commitment, inadequate human and financial resources, and weak institutional
and professional competency. On the others hand PFMS faces specific challenges regarding

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
over-bureaucratic control, ineffectiveness of government circulars, unsupportive directives
and inadequate technical backstopping to utilize the natural resources efficiently and
scientifically.
C o n c lu s io n
Scientific Forestry practices are mandatory to be executed for the sustainable wood production,
however, SF practices could not be seen as only choice in managing forests regarding PFMS.
In Nepal scientific forestry is being practiced in the name of active forest management,
sustainable forest management and scientific forest management. The core objective of the
practices is to produce wood efficiently and sustainably. These practices overlooked services
other than wood production and neglects possible goals of forest management for water
source conservation, forest based agro-forestry development, biodiversity conservation and
other. SF provides limited options to manage local forests and undervalued local knowledge
and other services of forest ecosystem.
In Nepal, silviculture system based SF was introduced from several attempts of donors,
researchers and bureaucrats however; significant benefits could not be seen from the
application in the ground. Selective logging, clear felling with and without advance
regeneration, simple coppice system, coppice with standard system, and irregular and
uniform shelterwood system was applied so far in the country. Silviculture system based
SF practices in government owned property is seen difficult to be operational for long run.
Typically, more or less identical forest management activities are prescribed in several
OPs and the specified silvicultural practices is being operated in participatory forests to
promote timber production. If communities are willing to produce timber it will need
enough efforts to acknowledge silvicultural inputs among users consensus which should
be considered important aspect especially in participatory forest governance system. The
new silvicultural approach, participatory silviculture, may help improve dynamic linkages
between forest management and rural livelihoods in the community forests in the Nepal.
Adaptive approaches can also be an efficient way to disseminate knowledge on scientific
practices to forest users. Establishing demonstration plot in which both technical knowledge
and indigenous knowledge can be combined, that would be better learnt by the community
people.

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
A c k n ow l e d ge m e n t
The paper is inspired from the term paper assignment of "Community Forestry" subject
while corresponding author was doing MSc Watershed Management (2072-74) in Institute
of Forestry, Pokhara. Authors would like to acknowledge team members of the assignment
Mr. Dhan Bahadur Bist, Mr. Lokendra Adhikari and Mr. Umesh Paudel. Special thanks to
teachers: Dr. Bir Bahadur Khanal Chhetri and Mr. Bijendra Basnet, and friends: Mr. Sunjeep
Pun and Mr. Mahesh Mishra for the comments and encouragement in the endeavor.
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science-the-invention-of-scientific-forestry-and-its-influence-in-the-mekong-region/)
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1 Achham 396 41253.78 62881
2 Arghakhanchi 40 29696.54 4780
3 Baglung 520 32091.81 69485
4 Baitadi 352 30315.51 32373
5 Bajhang 383 33121.2 38710
6 Bajura 296 18810.9 38297
7 Banke 116 21825.76 30593
8 Bara 40 8102.86 11761
9 Bardiya 312 20320.32 55031
10 Bhaktapur 56 1643.75 8610
11 Bhojpur 562 42220.18 52571
12 Chitwan 87 21166.46 43313
13 Dailekh 373 27473.14 40192
14 Dandeldhura 473 52778.52 37240
15 Dang 518 103243.36 97922
16 Darchula 169 6616.54 10642
17 Dhading 711 31940.49 73136
18 Dhankuta 386 30398.82 45123
19 Dhanusha 40 8856.45 7802
20 Dolakha 376 28136 53212
21 Dolpa 51 8484.49 4756
2 Doti 392 43553.93 29829
23 Gorkha 489 29549.65 61508
24 Gulmi 449 18323.88 61351
25 Humla 84 27197.94 7364
26 Ilam 236 47375.65 34612
27 Jajarkot 269 46821.49 28519
28 Jhapa 59 15797.11 46472
29 Jumla 201 39024 20974
30 Kabhrepalanchowk 572 29008.35 63908
31 Kailali 527 58020.37 118868
32 Kalikot 209 15720.18 23850
33 Kanchanpur 136 19305.25 33604
34 Kapilbastu 119 12663.2 30230
35 Kaski 501 19336.6 46390
36 Kathmandu 176 5329.38 17135
37 Khotang 411 163889.01 51363

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38 Lalitpur 203 11125.06 15189
39 Lamjung 334 20225.87 2540
40 Mahottari 74 7557.13 12384
41 Makwanpur 406 68504 2540
42 Manang 17 6588.04 12384
43 Morang 131 20403.91 58956
4 Mugu 91 11345.99 1122
45 Myagdi 309 24202.86 57981
46 Nawalparasi 208 30318.8 9364
47 Nuwakot 369 25590.11 35832
48 Okhaldhunga 348 29940 35100
49 Palpa 672 35961.08 41608
50 Panchthar 205 13767.3 46404
51 Parbat 382 13469.29 57071
52 Parsa 4 7.51 17906
53 Pyuthan 430 54040.2 44464
54 Ramechhap 414 31683.33 869
5 Rasuwa 72 5549.63 57281
56 Rauthat 43 7256.21 54041
57 Rolpa 630 50331.68 4907
58 Rukum 512 33000.57 10313
59 Rupandehi 103 15471.04 55155
60 Salyan 589 58619.81 51649
61 Sankhuwasabha 291 31814.97 29527
62 Saptari 132 17940.61 29527
63 Sarlahi 7 13260 31579
64 Sindhu Palchowk 52 26592.3 12467
65 Sindhuli 50 88530.61 63861
66 Siraha 102 14662.29 57786
67 Solukhumbu 184 27291.03 16210
68 Sunsari 68 9752.5 27218
69 Surkhet 438 81617.49 34422
70 Syangja 512 15474.48 62739
71 Tanahu 613 42329.41 5742
72 Taplejung 112 7336 66274
73 Terahathum 337 18964.08 872
74 Udaypur 345 77732.46 28364
T O T A L 26 23760.54 60837
290781
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4 gjnk/f;L dWoljGb' 071/72-80/81 10 2/1 071/72 071/72 071/72 585.75 3489 16274
5 gjnk/f;L j'åzflGt 071/72-080/81 10 9/1 2071/72 2071/72 2071/72 1781.32 14422 63776
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6 88]nw'/f 409.55 804 100
7 g'jfsf]6 84 230 214 56
8 kj{t 50 40
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11 dxf]Q/L 680
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16 /f}tx6 2874.9
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21 8f]6L 35
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23 ef]hk'/ 68.68 242
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29 l;/fxf 1122
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36 gjnk/f;L 6758.5 15000
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44 l;Gw'nL 1125.5
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46 af+s] 1837 2606 70
47 ndh'ª 7.82
48 nlntk'/ 17.38 46 8
49 sflnsf]6 32.5 67 5 5
50 bf]nvf 21.5
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52 afh'/f 43 394
53 t]x\y'd 45.83
54 alb{of 552.41
55 hfh/sf]6 1290 2943
56 /fd]5fk 154.84 669
57 wflbª 19.55 200
58 ;Kt/L 7.25
59 afUn'ª 60
60 l;Gw'kfNrf]s 193
61 u'lNd 1680
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CITES Certificate Issued 2013
S .N A p p e n d ix S p e c ie s B ot an i c al N am e D e s c r i p t i on ( E xt r ac t ) Q u an t it y( K G ) S ou r c e P u r p os e
I m p or t C ou n tr y
1 II Jatamansi Nardostachys grandiflora Marc 103927.59 Wild Trade
2 II Jatamansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 2 4 0 4 Wild India Trade
3 II Jatamansi Nardostachys grandiflora Marc 2 4 5 0 7 Wild Pakistan Trade
4 II Jatamansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 2 5 Wild USA Trade
5 II Jatamansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 180 Wild Switzerland Trade
Cymbidum iridioides d.dron Plant with Flower 3 pcs Artificial Propagated
Sunakhari Cymbidum spp Plant with Flower 6 pcs Artificial Propagated Display and
6 II Japan
(Orchids) Coelogyne nitida lindl. Plant with Flower 5 pcs Artificial Propagated Exhibition
Octochilus fuscus lindl Plant with Flower 4 pcs Artificial Propagated
Dendrobium fimbriatum Dry stem
Sunakhari
7 II Dendrobium aphyllum Dry stem 2802.11 Wild Thailand Trade
(Orchids)
Dendrobium amoenum Dry stem
Dendrobium fimbriatum Dry stem
Sunakhari
8 II Dendrobium aphyllum Dry stem 6506.8 Wild Thailand Trade
(Orchids)
Dendrobium amoenum Dry stem
Sunakhari Dendrobium transparns walle.ex, lindl. Root and stem 650
9 II Private Cultivated China Trade
(Orchids) Dendrobium eriifolium griff Root and stem 346.5
10 II Himalayan Yew Taxus wallichiana Extract 10-DAB-III Herbal Powder 4.25 Wild India Trade
11 II Himalayan Yew Taxus wallichiana Extract 10-DAB-III Herbal Powder 0.25 Wild UAE Trade
12 II Kutki Neo-pichrorhiza scorpnulariifolia Root and stem 28350.4 Wild India Trade
Jatamansi Marc (Wild) 128434.59 KG

Jatamansi Oil (Wild) 2609 KG
Lauth Salla DAB (Wild) 4.5 KG
Orchid Dry stem (Wild) 9308.91 KG
Orchid Dry stem (Cultivated) 996.5 KG
Kutki (Wild) 28350.4 KG

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg

Description Country of
S.N Appedices Local Name Botanical Name Quantity (KG) Sources Purpose
(Extract) Export
1 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Marc 211622.00 W India T

2 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Marc 64400.00 W Pakistan T
3 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Marc 2850.00 W Bangladesh T
5 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 3117.00 W India T
6 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 135.00 W USA T
7 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 100.00 W Switzerland T
8 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 84.00 W France T
9 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 40.00 W Germany T
10 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 10.00 W UK T
11 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 20.00 W Belgium T
12 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 50.00 W UAE T
Extract 10-DAB-III
13 II Himalayan yew Taxus wallichina Herbal Powder 0.25 W India T
Extract 10-DAB-III
14 II Himalayan yew Taxus wallichina Herbal Powder 0.50 W Japan T
Extract 10-DAB-III
15 II Himalayan yew Taxus wallichina Herbal Powder 21.00 W UAE T
16 Kutki Neo-Pichrorhiza scropnulariifolia Stem 5400.00 W India T
17 II Orchids Dendrobium eriifolium griff Stem 2378.20 W Thailand T
Jatamansi Marc (Wild) 2 7 8 8 7 2

Jatamansi Oil (Wild) 3556
Lauth Salla DAB (Wild) 21.751
Orchid Dry stem (Wild) 2378.2
Kutki (Wild) 5400.00

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
Description Quantity
S.N Appedices Local Name Botanical Name Sources Import Country Purpose
(Extract) (KG)
1 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Marc 193347.00 W India T
2 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Marc 44610.00 W Pakistan T
3 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 2651.00 W India T
4 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 10.00 W USA T
5 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 95.00 W France T
6 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 20.00 W Germany T
7 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 168.00 W UK T
8 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 216.50 W Belgium T
9 II Jatmanansi Nardostachys grandiflora Oil 3.00 W South Korea T
Extract 10-DAB-
10 II Himalayan yew Taxus wallichina III Herbal Powder 30.00 W United Arab Emirates T
11 II Orchids (wild) Dendrobium eriifolium griff Stem 2520.00 W Thailand T
12 II Orchids (Artificial) Dendrobium transparens Stem 700.00 A China T
Spikenard Jatamansi Marc (Wild) 237957.00

Spikenard Jatamansi Oil (Wild) 3163.50
Himalayan Yew Lauth Salla 10 DAB Extract (Wild) 30
Orchids Orchid Dry stem (Wild) 250
Orchids Orchid Dry stem (Artificial Propagation) 700.00

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
Quantity Importer
S.N Appedices Local Name Botanical Name Order Family Term Sources Exporter Purpose
(KG) Country ISO
Nardostachys Marc
1 II Jatmanansi grandiflora Dipsacales Valerianceae (Derivatives) 226159.00 W India IN NP T
Nardostachys Marc
2 II Jatmanansi grandiflora Dipsacales Valerianceae (Derivatives) 97740.00 W Pakistan PK NP T
Nardostachys Marc
3 II Jatmanansi grandiflora Dipsacales Valerianceae (Derivatives) 6360.00 W Bangladesh BD NP T
Nardostachys
4 II Jatmanansi grandiflora Dipsacales Valerianceae Oil 4057.00 W India IN NP T
Nardostachys
5 II Jatmanansi grandiflora Dipsacales Valerianceae Oil 1486.00 W USA US NP T
Nardostachys
6 II Jatmanansi grandiflora Dipsacales Valerianceae Oil 25.00 W UK GB NP T
Nardostachys
7 II Jatmanansi grandiflora Dipsacales Valerianceae Oil 404.00 W Belgium BE NP T
Nardostachys Republic of
8 II Jatmanansi grandiflora Dipsacales Valerianceae Oil 1.00 W Korea KR NP E
Himalayan United Arab
9 II yew Taxus wallichina Pinales Taxaceae Extract 20.00 W Emirates A E NP T
Dedrobium
Amoenum,
Orchids
10 II Dendrobium nobile Asparagales Orchidaceae Stem 8007.20 W Thailand TH NP T
(wild)
and Dendrobium
spp.
Orchids Dendrobium
Orchidaceae
11 II (Artificial) transparens ,, ,, Stem 700.00 A China CN NP T
Spikenard Jatamansi Marc-Derivatives (Wild) 330259.00
Spikenard Jatamansi Oil (Wild) 5973.00
Himalayan Yew Lauth Salla 10 DAB Extract (Wild) 20.00
Orchids Orchid Dry stem (Wild) 8007.20
Orchids Orchid Dry stem (Artificial Propagation) 700.00

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Q u a n tity Im p o r te r
S .N A p p e d ic e s L ocalN am e B o ta n ic a l N a m e O rder F a m ily T erm S ou rces E x p o r te r P u rp ose
(K G ) C o u n tr y IS O
N a r d o sta c h y s
1 II J a tm a n a n si grandiflora D ip s a c a le s V a le r ia n c e a e M a r c (D e r iv a tiv e s ) 210433 W I n d ia IN N P T
2 II J a tm a n a n si grandiflora D ip s a c a le s V a le r ia n c e a e M a r c (D e r iv a tiv e s ) 83264 W P a k is ta n P K N P T
4 II J a tm a n a n si grandiflora D ip s a c a le s V a le r ia n c e a e O il 3946 W I n d ia IN N P T
5 II J a tm a n a n si grandiflora D ip s a c a le s V a le r ia n c e a e O il 818 W U SA U S N P T
6 II J a tm a n a n si grandiflora D ip s a c a le s V a le r ia n c e a e O il 2 5 .0 0 W F rance F R N P T
7 II J a tm a n a n si grandiflora D ip s a c a le s V a le r ia n c e a e O il 1 0 .0 0 W G erm any D E N P T
J a ta m a n si M a rc -
S p ik e n a r d D e r iv a tiv e s (W ild ) 2 9 3 6 9 7 .0 0
J a ta m a n s i O il
S p ik e n a r d (W ild ) 8 8 3 1 .0 0

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(्)कधबत�र्ककककक१)क�ेपाककार्ारकाकक
धाोज�ाक्ु्कभभ्ोकतरततककाक �व.ास.क क
२)कद ा�ीाकत�्ााक/ासद ाकाकक
धाोज�ाकपुराकरु�के तरततकाक �व.ास.क क
(घ)कदातृकासद ाककाक ३)कज�ारभातंताकाकक
धाोज�ा/क्ााारकाकररुख्ोक�ारकाक ा.कअ�ुजराजक्रारक (ख)कवैदे्््कककककककक१)ऋणकककाक
्.ककाखराक
य.कास.कक ्ाारयरक/�याा्कापक खचरक्ीषर्क धाोज�ा्ोक्ुकक�याा्काप्ोक ासपूणकर ्ाारकर्ाेकंतकध.कव.कासर्ोक बा�षर्ककलाक र रकचौराता्क दो�ोकचौराता्क ते�ोकचौराता्क ्ै�फातक
इ्ाईक
प�रराणक भारक कांतक प�रराणक भारक कांतक प�रराणक भारक बजेटक प�रराणक भारक बजेटक प�रराणक भारक बजेटक प�रराणक भारक बजेटक
१क 2क ३क ४क ५क ६क ७क ८क ९क १०क ११क १२क १३क १४क १५क १६क १७क १८क १९क 2०क 2१क 2२क
ँ ींतककखचरकअबतंरत्ाक्ाारयरर्क
ककअ)ककपूज
1क वु�रा � वन कव ास फर 17.5क 9.5क 8क 0क
8.5.1.8क ाापटप ख रल( य( ाााररा संनारनसंग समतनध� 29511क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 2क क2.78क 2.5क 2क 2.78क 2.5क 2क कक 0क 0क कक 0कक
ान्,ाप र् ता मेश�न ्ारय

8.6.42.21क म.आइ. स.�नमार् ता अपगेण(अनाय 29611क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क3.33क 3क 0क 0क 0क 1क क3.33क 3क 0क कक 0कक
8.6.42.131क सं्ारह रा अनुलान सहाोग(अनाय 29611क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क5.56क 5क 0क 0क 0क 1क क5.56क 5क 0क कक 0कक
8.6.42.594क वा �न् ा पालन(अनाय 29611क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क7.78क 7क 1क 7.78क 7क 1क कक 0क 1क कक 0कक
ँ ींतकखचरक्ाारयर्ोकजसरााक
कक्)ककपूज क कक 0क क कक 0क क19.45क 17.5क क10.56क 9.5क क8.89क 8क कक 0क
ककध)ककचाकुकखचरकअबतंरत्ाक्ाारयरर्क
2.1.1.4क धारा पान� ो महशर(धारा ो महसुरय 22111क ाुत�टक क कक 0क क कक 0क 250क क.33क .3क 1क .11क .1क 0क क.11क .1क 0क क.11क .1कक
2.1.3.1क ्ार ो पान�(कपाने पान�य 22111क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 41क क.33क .3क 1क .11क .1क 0क क.11क .1क 0क क.11क .1कक
2.2.1.1क टे �रफोन महशुर(टे �रफोन महसुरय 22112क र�र�ाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 3क क2क 1.8क 3क .67क .6क 0क क.67क .6क 0क क.67क .6कक
2.2.2.2क 22112क र�र�ाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क.62क .56क 1क .2क .18क 0क क.2क .18क 0क क.22क .2कक
नटरनेट महशुर( मेर इनटरनेट वेवसाइटय
2.2.4.4क हु रा ्ट ट(हु रा ु रार खनरय 22112क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क.2क .18क 1क .07क .06क 0क क.07क .06क 0क क.07क .06कक
2.4.1.8क पे ोर( ाााररा ो इनधनय 22211क क�टरक क कक 0क क कक 0क 3039.6क क3.12क 2.81क 17क 1.12क 1.01क 0क क1.12क 1.01क 0क क.88क .79कक
2.4.1.9क ्ण्र( ाााररा ो इनधनय 22211क क�टरक क कक 0क क कक 0क 756क क.61क .55क 1क .22क .2क 0क क.22क .2क 0क क.17क .15कक
2.4.1.25क ाास( ाााररा ो इनधनय 22211क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 9क क.14क .13क 9क .06क .05क 0क क.06क .05क 0क क.03क .03कक
2.5.1.3क मोटरसाइ र ममर (सवारस साधन ममर य 22212क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 17क क1.67क 1.5क 17क .56क .5क 0क क.56क .5क 0क क.56क .5कक
2.5.1.15क गाणस ममर (सवारस साधन ममर य 22212क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 2क क2.39क 2.15क 2क .83क .75क 0क क.83क .75क 0क क.72क .65कक
2.5.1.16क म ाुटर फोटो प� कयनटर फाा स य ाानर(सवारस साधन ममर य 22212क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 2क क1.82क 1.64क 2क .6क .54क 0क क.61क .55क 0क क.61क .55कक
2.7.1.2क 22311क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क2.22क 2क 1क .74क .67क 0क क.74क .67क 0क क.73क .66कक
ाााररा सामान( ाााररा मसरनल सामान खनरय
2.7.2.1क रेटर ााण, रे णर फाइर,खाम, अना फारम पा ( पा खनरय 22311क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क1.67क 1.5क 1क .56क .5क 0क क.56क .5क 0क क.56क .5कक
2.7.3.1क प्पक् ा, मा�स ता ल�न (प्पक् ा ता पु य ाय 22311क र�र�ाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क.34क .31क 1क .12क .11क 0क क.11क .1क 0क क.11क .1कक
2.19.1.4क यतम ह(अनुगमन मु ाा न ता ाार म ााारनवान म् 22611क ज�ाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क1.2क 1.08क 1क .4क .36क 0क क.4क .36क 0क क.4क .36कक
खनरय
2.19.1.5क
तरततक 2073-04-02क पा�ाक�स.1क/क3कक

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
इ्ाईक
् �ा ह(अनुगमन मु ाा न ता ाार म ााारनवान म् 22611क ज�ाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 15क क7.34क 6.6क 15क 2.45क 2.2क 0क क2.45क 2.2क 0क क2.45क 2.2कक
खनरय
2.19.1.6क ा �ा ह(अनुगमन मु ाा न ता ाार म ााारनवान म् 22611क ज�ाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 10क क2.29क 2.06क 10क .76क .68क 0क क.77क .69क 0क क.77क .69कक
खनरय
2.20.2.3क �नाापान(अ� �त स ार ता ्रपान, भो् खनरय 22711क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 12क क.6क .54क 12क .2क .18क 0क क.2क .18क 0क क.2क .18कक
2.20.2.4क ्रपान(अ� �त स ार ता ्रपान, भो् खनरय 22711क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 12क क.53क .48क 12क .13क .12क 0क क.13क .12क 0क क.27क .24कक
2.20.2.5क भो्(अ� �त स ार ता ्रपान, भो् खनरय 22711क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 12क क.2क .18क 12क .07क .06क 0क क.07क .06क 0क क.07क .06कक
1क वु�रा � वन कव ास फर 16क .35क 11.7क 3.95क
2.15.1.79क (ा मश�र ा ,रो्गारस मुर 22512क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 2क क7.78क 7क 0क 0क 0क 2क क7.78क 7क 0क कक 0कक
सशक र् स�प कव ास ता �म ा अ�भवाकब ा�रमय

2.15.1.80क (ा मश�र ा ,रो्गारस मुर 22512क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क3.89क 3.5क 0क 0क 0क 1क क3.89क 3.5क 0क कक 0कक

2.15.2.39क ाार म समनवा त व ( े ने, �ेक्ा, ् रा, र रय(गोक 22512क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क.78क .7क 0क 0क 0क 1क क.78क .7क 0क कक 0कक
ता ाारशाराय
2.15.2.40क ाार म समनवा ाारलर ो नरमा�स स�म� त ( े ने, 22512क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 2क क.78क .7क 1क .39क .35क 0क कक 0क 1क क.39क .35कक
् राय
(गोक ता ाारशाराय
2.15.3.63क वाक र य� वेलन, ोशर आ्ल य ाशन(यनार यसार ता सामाग� 22522क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क1.22क 1.1क 0क 0क 0क 1क क.56क .5क 0क क.67क .6कक
ा पालन ता य ाशन र कव र्य

2.15.40.135क वु�रा � वन राक ा पुरय ार(अनाय 22522क पाा्ेटक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क3.33क 3क 0क 0क 0क 0क कक 0क 1क क3.33क 3कक
2क सामुला�ा वन कव ास फर 29.8क 4.8क 11.3क 13.7क
2.15.1.68क सामुला�ा वन समनवा ता अन ् ाा व 22512क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 6क क2क 1.8क 2क .67क .6क 2क क.67क .6क 2क क.67क .6कक
(सरो ारवाराह सगय(ा मश�र ा ,रो्गारस मुर सशक र्

स�प कव ास ता �म ा अ�भवाकब ा�रमय
2.15.2.104क म्हरा वन याकव�ध ह कवन अन ् ाा(गोक ता ाारशाराय 22512क पाा्ेटक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क6.67क 6क 0क 0क 0क 1क क3.33क 3क 0क क3.33क 3कक
2.15.3.71क सामुला�ा वन ो वुरे्टन ाारस ता य ाशन (पान सा 22522क र्ारक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क1.11क 1क 0क 0क 0क 1क क.33क .3क 0क क.78क .7कक
य� य(यनार यसार ता सामाग� ा पालन ता य ाशन र कव र्य

2.15.3.98क सा.व. ा े अ ाधार र सुन ां ह ( य 22522क पाा्ेटक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क3.33क 3क 1क 1.11क 1क 0क क2.22क 2क 0क कक 0कक
ा पालन ता य ाशन(यनार यसार ता सामाग� ा पालन ता

य ाशन र कव र्य
2.15.3.99क सा.व.मा व ा�न वन ावयतापन ाारकव�ध �नल� �श ा ाारस ता 22522क पाा्ेटक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क3.33क 3क 1क 1.11क 1क 0क क2.22क 2क 0क कक 0कक
य ाशन(यनार यसार ता सामाग� ा पालन ता य ाशन र

कव र्य
2.15.5.103क सामुला�ा ता वु�रा � वन ापभो ाह मा संना�र 22522क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क2.78क 2.5क 1क .56क .5क 0क क1.11क 1क 0क क1.11क 1कक
ा मह ो सभ��् ता अ ााव�ध (
य(अ ाान सव��् अनुसनधानय
2.15.5.104क सामुला�ा वनमा भ ो वा�ारोप् ो ाां 22522क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क2.78क 2.5क 1क .56क .5क 0क क1.11क 1क 0क क1.11क 1कक
अ ाव�ध (अ ाान सव��् अनुसनधानय

2.15.5.105क सामुला�ा वन ावयतापन ाा ावयतापन 22522क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क4.45क 4क 1क 1.11क 1क 0क क1.11क 1क 0क क2.22क 2कक
सह ् र्(अ ाान सव��् अनुसनधानय

2.15.40.49क

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
र ाासंकासब्बितकधत ्
र कर्ाा�कत�ारक२0(१)कबरो्जर्ोकफारारक पा�ाक�सक.१/२क
य.कास.कक ्ाारयरक/�याा्कापक खचरक्ीषर्क धाोज�ा्ोक्ु कक�याा्काप्ोक ासपूणकर ्ाारकर्ाेकंतकध.कव.कासर्ोक बा�षर्ककलाक र रकचौराता्क दो�ोकचौराता्क ते�ोकचौराता्क ्ै�फातक
इ्ाईक
ाार म मपाइर पुनरावरो न पा पो ् ाार म ााारनवान 22522क पाा्ेटक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क1.11क 1क 1क .22क .2क 0क क.44क .4क 0क क.44क .4कक
ाारकव�ध ाारस(अनाय
2.15.40.52क ग्ेशमान �संह पुरय ार(अनाय 22522क पाा्ेटक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क4.45क 4क 0क 0क 0क 0क कक 0क 1क क4.45क 4कक
2.15.40.134कसा.व. प् ा र ा पुरय ार(अनाय 22522क पाा्ेटक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क1.11क 1क 0क 0क 0क 0क कक 0क 1क क1.11क 1कक
ककख)ककचाकुकखचरक्ाारयर्ोकजसरााक क कक 0क क कक 0क क80.52क 72.47क क15.71क 14.12क क35.54क 31.98क क29.32क 26.37क
्ु ककजसराकखचरक क कक 0क क कक 0क 100क 89.97क क26.27क 23.62क क44.43क 39.98क क29.3क 26.37क
ताारकं��्ोक�ारक,पदकरकददतखतकाक धाोज�ा/्ााारकाकररुख्ोकददतखतकाक ा.कअ�ुजराजक्रारक ररा्णतकं��्ोक�ार,पदकरकददतखताक
तरततकाक तरततकाक तरततकाक

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
र ाासंकासब्बितकधत ्
धक.व.क 2073/74क
१०क)वा�षर्कबजेटक(()ाक 290क ११क)धाोज�ा्ोक्ुकककांतक(()ाक क क
्)कधबत�र्काक1)क�ेपाककार्ारक 290क
्)कधबत�र्काक1)क�ेपाककार्ारक क
�वभां/कासद ाकाक व�क�वभांक 3)कज�ारभातंताकाक क
्ाारयरक/कधाोज�ा्ोक�ारक रा��ाकव�क�व्ााकत ाकवावद ाप�क्ाारयर(प् रककक
परा कभू-प�रतिक्ाारयर)कक
ऋणक 0क
१2क)कंतकधकबकासर्ोकखचरक(()क(ाोझैकभु ा�ीकत ाकवदतुंतकारेत)क
्ा रा क (्)कधबत�र्ककककक१)क�ेपाककार्ारकाकक
३)कज�ारभातंताकाकक
धाोज�ाकपुराकरु�के तरततकाक �व.ास.क क (ख)कवैदे्््कककककककक१)ऋणकककाक
(घ)कदातृकासद ाककाक
धाोज�ा/क्ााारकाकररुख्ोक�ारकाक ंणे्कझाक
इ्ाईक
8.6.42.779क ्र्रा संर�् �े् ातयतापन ाार म रो पा(अनाय 29611क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क6.9क 20क 0क 0क 0क 1क क3.45क 10क 0क क3.45क 10कक
8.6.42.780क रामारोशन �े् ातयतापन ाार म(अनाय 29611क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क5.17क 15क 0क 0क 0क 1क क3.45क 10क 0क क1.72क 5कक
8.6.42.781क प म पहाण भप र�ध नमुना ाार म ( ् राय(अनाय 29611क पाा्ेटक क कक 0क क कक 0क 13क क67.24क 195क 0क 22.41क 65क 0क क22.41क 65क 13क क22.41क 65कक
8.8.18.36क प म पहाण भ-प र�ध य रसा ाार म ो समभा ा ा 29711क पाा्ेटक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क20.69क 60क 0क 0क 0क 1क क10.34क 30क 0क क10.34क 30कक
अ ाान(अना प्�ग अनुसनधान ता परामशरय

कक्)ककपूज क कक 0क क कक 0क क100क 290क क22.41क 65क क39.65क 115क क37.92क 110क
्ुककजसराकखचरक क कक 0क क कक 0क 100क 290क क22.41क 65क क39.65क 115क क37.94क 110क
ताारकं��्ोक�ारक,पदकरकददतखतकाक धाोज�ा/्ााारकाकररुख्ोकददतखतकाक ंणे्कझाक ररा्णतकं��्ोक�ार,पदकरकददतखताक

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
बजेटकतजुरर ाासंकासब्बितकधत ्
धक.व.क 2073/74क
१०क)वा�षर्कबजेटक(()ाक 44.09क ११क)धाोज�ा्ोक्ु कककांतक(()ाक क क
्ाारयरक/कधाोज�ा्ोक�ारक रा��ाकव�क�व्ााकत ाकवावद ाप�क्ाारयर(ब�ककक
�वभांक(करचारकराारक्ाखा))कक
ऋणक 0क
इ्ाईक
2.4.1.7क ाााररा याो्न ो कव�भनन सवारस साधन ो प ार र 22211क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 336क क.77क .34क 0क .27क .12क 0क क.27क .12क 0क क.23क .1कक
इनधन( ाााररा ो इनधनय

2.5.1.7क मे�सनरस ाप र्(सवारस साधन ममर य 22212क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 2क क.34क .15क 2क .11क .05क 0क क.11क .05क 0क क.11क .05कक
2.7.1.2क ाााररा सामान( ाााररा मसरनल सामान खनरय 22311क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क1.59क .7क 1क .45क .2क 0क क.57क .25क 0क क.57क .25कक
2.13.2.1क सेवा रार मरनारसह ो पा र �म (सेवा रारय 22412क र�र�ाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 13क क3.13क 1.38क 5क 1.2क .53क 4क क.95क .42क 4क क.98क .43कक
2.15.3.52क वन वा्ट ा ाार म ा पालन(यनार यसार ता सामाग� ा पालन 22522क ज�ाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 52क क17.69क 7.8क 18क 6.12क 2.7क 17क क5.78क 2.55क 17क क5.78क 2.55कक
ता य ाशन र कव र्य
2.15.3.53क वन वा्ट ा ाार म यसार्(यनार यसार ता सामाग� ा पालन 22522क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 52क क29.49क 13क 18क 10.21क 4.5क 17क क9.64क 4.25क 17क क9.64क 4.25कक
ता य ाशन र कव र्य
2.15.3.54क रे ्णाो यपट यसार् (�न ् फ. म.ताटय(यनार यसार ता सामाग� 22522क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 5क क6.8क 3क 0क 0क 0क 5क क2.27क 1क 0क क4.54क 2कक

2.15.3.55क हा ो पवा� पक् ा ा पालन य ाशन र कव र्(यनार यसार ता 22522क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 12क क28.85क 12.72क 4क 9.57क 4.22क 4क क9.62क 4.24क 4क क9.66क 4.26कक
सामाग� ा पालन ता य ाशन र कव र्य

2.15.3.56क हा ो वन कव ास य ाशन र कव र्(यनार यसार ता सामाग� 22522क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क6.58क 2.9क 1क 6.58क 2.9क 0क कक 0क 0क कक 0कक

2.19.1.5क ् �ा ह(अनुगमन मु ाा न ता ाार म ााारनवान म् 22611क ज�ाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 13क क1.41क .62क 5क .5क .22क 4क क.45क .2क 4क क.45क .2कक
खनरय
2.19.2.3क ाार म म् खनर( आन र म्य 22612क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 52क क3.18क 1.4क 18क 1.09क .48क 17क क1.04क .46क 17क क1.04क .46कक
2.20.1.2क अ� �त स ार(कवकवध खनर सुर�ा समतनध�य 22711क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 4क क.18क .08क 2क .09क .04क 1क क.05क .02क 1क क.05क .02कक
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
तरततकाक तरततकाक 92 तरततकाक cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷&$

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धक.व.क 2073/74क
१०क)वा�षर्कबजेटक(()ाक 1114.75क ११क)धाोज�ा्ोक्ुकककांतक(()ाक क क
्ाारयरक/कधाोज�ा्ोक�ारक रा��ाकव�क�व्ााकत ाकवावद ाप�क्ाारयर(ब�ककक
(ख)कवैदे्््काक अ�ुदा�क 280क
�वभांक(रा��ाकब�कररा्ाखा,क्ेबे))कक
ऋणक 0क
(घ)कदातृकासद ाककाक जापा�क-क्ेकधरक 280क
इ्ाईक
8.5.1.36क तय ु अनुलान सहाोग ( ताट मा या हु नेय ( ाााररा 29511क पाा्ेटक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क2.69क 30क 0क 0क 0क 0क क2.69क 30क 0क कक 0कक
संनारनसंग समतनध� ान्,ाप र् ता मेश�न ्ारय

8.5.16.25क तन ातयतापन समत नध ्ार ता ाप र् ख रल वं 29511क ाे टक क कक 0क क कक 0क 15क क4.04क 45क 0क 0क 0क 1क क4.04क 45क 0क कक 0कक
कव र्(अना ाप र् ता मेश�न ्ारय

8.5.16.27क वले �श सहाा ाताट या हु ने वय ुग सहाा ामा रा ने र 29511क पट्/ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क1.79क 20क 0क 0क 0क 1क क1.79क 20क 0क कक 0कक
लय ुर ो भु ा�न समााो्न(अना ाप र् ता मेश�न ्ारय

8.6.42.651क �समसार ो अ ाान य� तेलन पा ता य ासन(अनाय 29611क ्ेबेक क कक 0क क कक 0क 5क क1.57क 17.5क 0क 0क 0क 5क क.9क 10क 0क क.67क 7.5कक
1क वन ण े रो ावयतापन ाार म 650क 0क 650क 0क
8.5.16.26क अ न �नान्् समत नध सामाग�, ाप र् ता समान ख रल वं 29511क ाे टक क कक 0क क कक 0क 300क क40.37क 450क 0क 0क 0क 300क क40.37क 450क 0क कक 0कक
कव र्(अना ाप र् ता मेश�न ्ारय

8.6.28.7क ण े रो �नान्् ा राग� सुखा तन �े्मा पान� पोखरस �नमार् ता 29611क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 200क क17.94क 200क 0क 0क 0क 200क क17.94क 200क 0क कक 0कक
ार राा संर�्(पोखरस �नमार्य

कक्)ककपूज क कक 0क क कक 0क क68.4क 762.5क कक 0क क67.73क 755क क.67क 7.5क
2.4.1.7क ाााररा याो्न ो कव�भनन सवारस साधन ो प ार र 22211क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 2700क क.2क 2.25क 800क .06क .72क 945क क.08क .85क 955क क.06क .68कक

2.5.1.7क मे�सनरस ाप र्(सवारस साधन ममर य 22212क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 5क क.22क 2.5क 5क .04क .5क 0क क.09क 1क 0क क.09क 1कक
2.7.1.2क ाााररा सामान( ाााररा मसरनल सामान खनरय 22311क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 5क क.34क 3.75क 5क .07क .75क 0क क.13क 1.5क 0क क.13क 1.5कक
2.15.1.138क त ा�न तन ातयतापन ा�रम(ा मश�र ा ,रो्गारस मुर 22512क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 2क क4.49क 50क 1क 2.24क 25क 1क क2.24क 25क 0क कक 0कक

2.15.40.146क ( म ाुटरमा 22522क ्ेबेक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क.22क 2.5क 0क 0क 0क 1क क.22क 2.5क 0क कक 0कक
्णान गन�य (अनाय

2.15.40.152कसा ेलारस वन, संर � वन, र फरे ाार म रगाा आव�ध 22522क ्ेबेक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क1.58क 17.57क 1क .18क 2क 0क क.63क 7क 0क क.77क 8.57कक
ाो्ना ाारनवान सह्� र् ता अनुगमन(अनाय

2.15.40.199कअनुगमन ता म ाां न य� तेलन ाा र े ने(अनाय 22522क पट्/ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क.45क 5क 0क 0क 0क 0क कक 0क 1क क.45क 5कक

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य.कास.कक ्ाारयरक/�याा्कापक खचरक्ीषर्क धाोज�ा्ोक्ु कक�याा्काप्ोक ासपूणकर ्ाारकर्ाेकंतकध.कव.कासर्ोक बा�षर्ककलाक र रकचौराता्क दो�ोकचौराता्क ते�ोकचौराता्क ्ै �फातक
इ्ाईक
2.15.40.209क््णवु्ट ता गर गा वन पलावार खे� ता यकव�ध कवय ार वं 22522क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क22.43क 250क 0क 0क 0क 0क क22.43क 250क 0क कक 0कक
ावयतापन(�सनधुपा नो , ा ेय (अनाय
2.19.1.4क यतम ह(अनुगमन मु ाा न ता ाार म ााारनवान म् 22611क ज�ाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 6क क.08क .84क 2क .03क .28क 2क क.03क .28क 2क क.03क .28कक
खनरय
2.19.1.5क ् �ा ह(अनुगमन मु ाा न ता ाार म ााारनवान म् 22611क ज�ाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 20क क.2क 2.24क 5क .05क .56क 10क क.1क 1.12क 5क क.05क .56कक
खनरय
2.20.1.1क ्रपान(कवकवध खनर सुर�ा समतनध�य 22711क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 12क क.05क .6क 4क .02क .2क 4क क.02क .2क 4क क.02क .2कक
1क वन ण े रो ावयतापन ाार म 15क 5क 10क 0क
2.15.40.188क ातयतापन(अनाय 22522क ्े बेक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क1.35क 15क 1क .45क 5क 0क क.9क 10क 0क कक 0कक

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धक.व.क 2073/74क
१०क)वा�षर्कबजेटक(()ाक 73.52क ११क)धाोज�ा्ोक्ु कककांतक(()ाक क क
्ाारयरक/कधाोज�ा्ोक�ारक रा��ाकव�क�व्ााकत ाकवावद ाप�क्ाारयर(ा्(ककक
ब�करक्कतातकरक्ेबेक�ट्ौक�)कक
ऋणक 0क
्चतव�क (्)कधबत�र्ककककक१)क�ेपाककार्ारकाकक
इ्ाईक
8.2.2.13क अधुरो भवन पुरा गन�( भवन �नमार् ाााररा याो्नय 29221क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क68.01क 50क 1क 13.6क 10क 0क क27.2क 20क 0क क27.2क 20कक
8.2.2.14क मपााउण वार �नमार्(भवन �नमार् ाााररा याो्नय 29221क वटाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क20.4क 15क 1क 2.72क 2क 0क क13.6क 10क 0क क4.08क 3कक
8.6.42.28क आखेटोपहार संर�्, भउणार् ता ावयतापन(अनाय 29611क पाा्ेटक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क2.72क 2क 0क 0क 0क 1क क1.36क 1क 0क क1.36क 1कक
कक्)ककपूज क कक 0क क कक 0क क91.13क 67क क16.32क 12क क42.16क 31क क32.64क 24क
2.1.1.1क धारा ो महशुर(धारा ो महसुरय 22111क ाुत�टक क कक 0क क कक 0क 2क क.33क .24क 2क .11क .08क 0क क.11क .08क 0क क.11क .08कक
2.2.1.1क टे �रफोन महशुर(टे �रफोन महसुरय 22112क र�र�ाक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क.33क .24क 1क .11क .08क 0क क.11क .08क 0क क.11क .08कक
2.4.1.7क ाााररा याो्न ो कव�भनन सवारस साधन ो प ार र 22211क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 336क क.46क .34क 4क .16क .12क 4क क.16क .12क 4क क.14क .1कक

2.5.1.7क मे�सनरस ाप र्(सवारस साधन ममर य 22212क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 2क क.27क .2क 2क .07क .05क 2क क.14क .1क 2क क.07क .05कक
2.7.1.2क ाााररा सामान( ाााररा मसरनल सामान खनरय 22311क ास खााक क कक 0क क कक 0क 1क क.95क .7क 1क .27क .2क 1क क.34क .25क 1क क.34क .25कक
2.14.1.31क स.व.र. य�श� ा�रम (स.व.र. ा�रम े ने ्ट रर� ा�रम 22511क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 2क क3.26क 2.4क 0क 0क 0क 1क क1.63क 1.2क 1क क1.63क 1.2कक
सामाग� स्ह य( मरनारस ल� ा ताकब ा�रम (यमा् प् ्लनेय य

2.14.1.32क स.व.र.राइ नोरस �नान्् समतनध� (२० ्वान स.व.र. ा�रम 22511क पट्क क कक 0क क कक 0क 2क क3.26क 2.4क 0क 0क 0क 1क क1.63क 1.2क 1क क1.63क 1.2कक
े ने, ्ट रर� ा�रम सामग� स्ह य( मरनारस ल� ा ताकब ा�रम

(यमा् प् ्लनेय य
ककख)ककचाकुकखचरक्ाारयर्ोकजसरााक क कक 0क क कक 0क क8.86क 6.52क क.72क .53क क4.12क 3.03क क4.03क 2.96क

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Effu #
cf=j=@)&#÷&$ sf] k|utL
ljj/0fx?

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ut / rfn' cf=j=sf] k|ult l:yltsf] t'ngfTds tflnsf
qm=;= sfo{qmdsf] gfd cf=j=@)&@.&# -k|ltztdf_ cf=j=@)&#.&$ -k|ltztdf_ s}lkmot
1 /fli6««o jg ljsf; tyf Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd 78.72 81.83
2 ;fd'bflos tyf sj'lnolt jg ljsf; sfo{qmd 87.16 95
3 h8La'6L ljsf; sfo{qmd 56.97 79.43
4 j[If ;'wf/, j[Iff/f]k0f tyf lghL jg sfo{qmd 78.91 87.07
5 /fi6«klt r'/] t/fO{ dw]z ;+/If0f ljsf; sfo{qmd 89.51 87.61
6 g]kfn Jofkf/ PsLs[t /0flglt sfo{qmd 88.78 95.11
7 jGohGt' ;+/If0fsf] nflu If]lqo k|j4{g cfof]hgf 86.7 88.62
8 /fli6««o k'gMlgdf{0f sf]if – 72.56
;|f]t M of]= tyf c=k= jg lj=

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  
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क �ा�� ा �ा��
2111 �ा�ा�� ट 356.8 0.08 4.5 415.67 0.08 4.5
2115 �ा�ा��ा �ा�ा�� ा 2 0.00 0.24 2 0.00 0.24
2121 �� ट 691.58 0.03 1.82 791.5 0.03 2.086
2124 �ा�ा�� व�� ा 20 0.00 0.24 20 0.00 0.24
2211 टे�� ा 72.2 0.10 5.84 68.7 0.09 5.5179
2222 �ट��ेट �� ा 1 0.00 0.06 1 0.00 0.06
2311 �ा�ा�� ा�ा वटा 1 0.00 0.04 1 0.00 0.04
2313 �ा�ा�� ा�ा �� ा 111 0.06 3.48 179 0.04 2.127

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2314 �ा�ा�� ा�ा वटा 24.12 0.02 0.91 24.12 0.02 0.91
��ट� �ा �� ा�� ा��
48 0.01 0.35 48 0.01 0.35
2411 �� ट�
2412 �� ा� �� ा�� े� वटा 3384 0.05 3.26 3384 0.05 2.812
�ा�ा�� व�� वा��
8211.44 0.19 11.09 6043.44 0.15 8.8022
2417 �ा�� ा� � �� ा
2419 �� ट� 305 0.04 2.48 125 0.04 2.34
2511 ��ट� �ा �� ा�� ा� �� ा 6 0.03 1.75 6 0.02 1.3492
2512 �ा�� ा� �� वटा 1 0.00 0.08 1 0.00 0.08
2513 ��ट��ा �� वटा 2 0.01 0.4 2 0.01 0.32
2515 �वा�� ा�� ा 1 0.00 0.15 1 0.00 0.15
2516 � �� ा 4 0.00 0.16 4 0.00 0.16
2517 �े�� ा 85.5 0.15 8.79 185.5 0.39 23.5557
2518 �ा�� ा 1 0.00 0.25 1 0.00 0.25
2523 ��ा�� ा �� वटा 1 0.00 0.05 1 0.00 0.05
��ट�� े�� ट�े��
��ा�� े �� ा�� े �� टा�� 10 0.01 0.57 10 0.01 0.49
2711 �� ा
2712 �ा�ा�� ा�ा� �� ा 164 0.24 14.14 164 0.22 12.92725
�ेट��ा�� े �� ा ��ा�� ा��
5 0.00 0.18 5 0.00 0.18
2721 �ा �� ा
�ा��ा ��ट�� े�� ा� �ा��
110 0.01 0.3 110 0.01 0.3
2723 ��
2753 व�� ा��ा �ा�� ा �ा�� ट� 1 0.01 0.5 1 0.01 0.48
�ा�ा�� ा ��ा� ��ा��
15 0.00 0.09 15 0.00 0.09
2762 ��ा ��ा ��ा �� ा
21321 �ेवा ��ा� ��ा�� ा�� ा 13 0.02 1.38 13 0.02 1.38

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21535 ��ा�� ा �� े� �� ा 1 0.01 0.5 1 0.01 0.5
21914 �� ा 6 0.01 0.84 6 0.01 0.84
21915 �� ा 73 0.10 5.84 171 0.09 5.55
21916 �� ा 66 0.06 3.42 164 0.05 2.944
21923 �ा�� ट� 84 0.06 3.52 84 0.06 3.52
22011 ��ा� �ट� 23 0.01 0.68 23 0.01 0.68
22012 �� ा� �ट� 14 0.01 0.54 111 0.01 0.54
22016 �� व�व� �� ा 20 0.02 1.21 20 0.02 1.21
24120 ��ट��ा ��ा �ा�� े �� ट� 72 0.00 0.06 72 0.00 0.06
25114 � �� ट� �� ा 5 0.01 0.4 5 0.01 0.4
25115 �ा�� वटा 4 0.03 1.52 4 0.01 0.52
25116 ��ट� ��ट�� ट� ��ा � � �ा�� ा 2 0.01 0.38 2 0.00 0.08
25117 �वा��ा��े��े�� ा � �� ा 1 0.01 0.6 1 0.01 0.6

27111 � �ट� ��ट�� ट�� ा 5 0.02 1.03 5 0.01 0.74
�टे�� ा �ा�ा�� ा��ा �ा��
62 0.07 4.18 54 0.07 4.165
27120 �� ा
27122 �ा�ा�� टे�� ा�ा� �� ट� 11 0.01 0.4 11 0.01 0.4
�� ाव�� ा�
17 0.35 20.73 15 0.32 19.119
211712 �� वटा
� व � �� ा�� व � �ा��
2 0.04 2.4 2 0.04 2.4
214131 �े � �ट� �� ा�� ा�ा � �� ट�
� व � �ा ��
�वा� � व � �ा�� े � � �ट� ��ा�� 2 0.04 2.4 2 0.04 2.4
214132 �ा� � �� ट�
व�� ा� ��
33 0.17 9.9 128 0.15 9.1336
215219 ��ा�� ट�
��ा ��ा� �� व� � � ��ा
1 0.01 0.4 1 0.01 0.4
215227 �� ट�

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��ा वा� ��ा �ा�� ा �व��
3 0.02 1.35 3 0.02 1.15
215345 ��े �� ट �� ा�� ा
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Nepal Government
Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation
Department of Forest
Fiscal Year 2073/74
Summary of Timber and Fuel Wood Productions and Sales (Terai and Inner Terai Districts)
PRODUCTION/STOCKs
Sales Remaining Stock Low grade Remarks
Regions Agency Old Stock (from 2072/73) production in 2073/74 Total
Timber (cft) Fuel wood (chatta) Timber (cft) Fuel wood (chatta) Timber (cft) Fuel wood (chatta) Timber (cft) Fuel wood (chatta) Royalty (NRs.) Timber (cft) Fuel wood (chatta) Timber Fuel wood
TCN 45489.65 25.25 48410.13 5.75 93899.78 31.00 18079.23 0.00 12316874.00 75820.55 31.00 0.00 0.00
Eastern DFO 63144.03 120.63 62729.39 8.75 125873.42 129.38 65297.53 136.50 60137688.11 60575.89 -7.12 0.00 0.00
DFPSB 5531.80 1.75 147.06 0.00 5678.86 1.75 9068.93 48.30 2630957.15 -3390.07 -46.55 0.00 0.00
TOTAL All 114165.48 147.63 111286.58 14.50 225452.06 162.13 92445.69 184.80 75085519.26 133006.37 -22.67 0.00 0.00
TCN 66481.15 63.50 0.00 0.00 66481.15 63.50 50326.59 0.00 28229427.00 16154.56 63.50 0.00 0.00
Central DFO 385679.99 171.23 57421.04 85.75 443101.03 256.98 43101.66 38.25 27998660.25 399999.37 218.73 0.00 0.00
DFPSB 26370.49 3.50 9540.82 12.75 35911.31 16.25 77379.66 78742.75 51682415.74 -41468.35 -78726.50 0.00 0.00
TOTAL All 478531.63 238.23 66961.86 98.50 545493.49 336.73 170807.91 78781.00 107910502.99 374685.58 -78444.27 0.00 0.00
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Western DFO 15700.99 103.50 5542.17 71.50 21243.16 175.00 92065.87 97.00 38251897.00 -70822.71 78.00 0.00 0.00
DFPSB 148.10 11.00 13471.59 5.00 13619.69 16.00 4763.72 11.00 2446256.00 8855.97 5.00 0.00 0.00
TOTAL All 15849.09 114.50 19013.76 76.50 34862.85 191.00 96829.59 108.00 40698153.00 -61966.74 83.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 27922.90 0.90 6001.36 12.00 33924.26 12.90 14865.90 0.00 0.00 19058.36 12.90 0.00 0.00
Mid-West DFO 76777.10 99.80 60356.30 104.00 137133.40 203.80 3845.00 13.50 0.00 133288.40 190.30 0.00 0.00
DFPSB 8435.05 4.00 1519.47 0.50 9954.52 4.50 1946.21 0.50 0.00 8008.31 4.00 0.00 0.00
TOTAL All 113135.05 104.70 67877.13 116.50 181012.18 221.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 181012.18 221.20 0.00 0.00
TCN 121018.77 70.85 2338.72 1.00 123357.49 71.85 47415.82 4.00 25323294.25 75941.67 67.85 0.00 0.00
Far-western DFO 90643.82 1.75 27526.52 0.50 118170.34 2.25 100347.92 29.00 81201267.00 17822.42 -26.75 0.00 0.00
DFPSB 2479.76 19.00 0.00 0.00 2479.76 19.00 4405.86 11.00 2707098.73 -1926.10 8.00 0.00 0.00
TOTAL All 214142.35 91.60 29865.24 1.50 244007.59 93.10 152169.60 44.00 109231659.98 91837.99 49.10 0.00 0.00
TCN 260912.47 160.50 56750.21 18.75 317662.68 179.25 130687.54 4.00 65869595.25 186975.14 175.25 0.00 0.00
Grand Total DFO 631945.93 496.91 213575.42 270.50 845521.35 767.41 304657.98 314.25 207589512.36 540863.37 453.16 0.00 0.00
DFPSB 42965.20 39.25 24678.94 18.25 67644.14 57.50 97564.38 78813.55 59466727.62 -29920.24 -78756.05 0.00 0.00
All 935823.60 696.66 295004.57 307.50 1230828.17 1004.16 532909.90 79131.80 332925835.23 697918.27 -78127.64 0.00 0.00
jflif{s k|ltj]bg 149 cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷&$ jflif{s k|ltj]bg 150 cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷&$ jflif{s k|ltj]bg 151 cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷&$ jflif{s k|ltj]bg cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷)&$
Nepal Government
Fiscal Year 2073/74
Eastern Region
Status of Timber and Fuel Wood Productions and Sales (Terai and Inner Terai Districts)
sale Remaining Stock Low grade
District Agency Old Stock (from 2072/073) production in 2073/74 Total Remarks
Timber (cft) Fuel wood (chatta) Timber (cft) Fuel wood (chatta) Timber (cft) Fuel wood (chatta) Timber (cft) Fuel wood (chatta) Royalty (NRs) Timber (cft) Fuel wood (chatta) Timber (cft) Fuel (chatta)
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Ilam
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
k'/fgf] sf7%!#@^=#(So"= /
DFO 337.90 1.75 3325.61 0.25 3663.51 2.00 2515.20 1.75 3258123.00 1148.31 0.25 0.00 0.00
Jhapa 147.06 bfp/f %* lkmN8df gePsf]
DFPSB 147.06 0.00 294.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 294.12 0.00 0.00 0.00
sfuhdf dfq /x]sf]
Total 484.96 1.75 3472.67 0.25 3957.63 2.00 2515.20 1.75 3258123.00 1442.43 0.25 0.00 0.00
TCN 0.00 0.00 17632.98 0.00 12098358.00 -17632.98 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFO 12856.30 63.88 53053.55 65909.85 63.88 13991.84 82.50 16878733.45 51918.01 -18.62 7557.84 0.00
Morang CFM 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFPSB 113.10 1.75 1.75 9068.93 48.30 2630957.15 -9068.93 -46.55 0.00 0.00
Total 12969.40 65.63 53053.55 0.00 66022.95 65.63 40693.75 130.80 31608048.60 25216.10 -65.17 0.00
TCN 39924.44 20.25 35488.50 75412.94 20.25 0.00 75412.94 20.25 0.00 0.00
DFO 15085.00 4.25 15085.00 4.25 27172.27 9.25 18063928.66 -12087.27 -5.00 2315.29 0.00
Sunsari
DFPSB 5271.64 0.00 5271.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5271.64 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 60281.08 24.50 35488.50 0.00 95769.58 24.50 27172.27 9.25 18063928.66 68597.31 15.25 0.00
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Saptari
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 5565.21 5.00 12921.63 5.75 18486.84 10.75 446.25 0.00 218516.00 18040.59 10.75 0.00 0.00
DFO 34170.43 50.75 6316.12 8.50 40486.55 59.25 21618.22 43.00 21936903.00 18868.33 16.25
Udaypur
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 39735.64 55.75 19237.75 14.25 58973.39 70.00 22064.47 43.00 22155419.00 36908.92 27.00 0.00
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFO 694.40 0.00 34.11 0.00 728.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 728.51 0.00 0.00 0.00
Siraha
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 34.11 0.00 728.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 728.51 0.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 45489.65 25.25 48410.13 5.75 93899.78 18079.23 0.00 12316874.00 75820.55 0.00 0.00 0.00
TOTAL DFO 63144.03 120.63 62729.39 8.75 125873.42 65297.53 136.50 60137688.11 60575.89 -136.50 0.00
DFPSB 5531.80 1.75 147.06 0.00 5565.76 9068.93 48.30 2630957.15 -3503.17 -48.30 0.00 0.00
Grand Total ALL 114165.48 147.63 111286.58 14.50 225338.96 0.00 92445.69 184.80 75085519.26 132893.27 -184.80 0.00 0.00
Nepal Government
Fiscal Year 2073/74
(Middle Region)
sales Remaining Stock Low grade

TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Mahottari
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1156.94 from TCN
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFO 54.75 0.48 229.45 1.25 284.20 1.73 284.20 1.73
Dhanusha
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 54.75 0.48 229.45 1.25 284.20 1.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 284.20 1.73 0.00 0.00
TCN 16319.75 36.50 0.00 0.00 16319.75 36.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 16319.75 36.50 sf7 @!#(^=&& So"=lkm6 /
DFO 21396.77 48.00 0.00 0.00 21396.77 48.00 4120.11 86875.00 17276.66 48.00 bfp/f $* r6\6f lkmN8df g/x]
Sindhuli
DFPSB 9424.95 155.28 1.75 9580.23 1.75 487.05 0.00 506384.74 9093.18 1.75 0.00 0.00 sf] sfuhdf dfq ePsf] . ;fy}
Total 47141.47 84.50 155.28 1.75 47296.75 86.25 4607.16 0.00 593259.74 42689.59 86.25 0.00 0.00 l6=l;=Pg sf] ;d]t .
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 from dfo
DFO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sarlahi
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 11388.13 11388.13 0.00 6092.61 4268945.00 5295.52 0.00
DFO 23470.99 40.50 2717.11 1.50 26188.10 42.00 0.00 26188.10 42.00
Rautahat
DFPSB 10813.33 3.50 10813.33 3.50 10813.33 3.50
Total 45672.45 44.00 2717.11 1.50 48389.56 45.50 6092.61 0.00 4268945.00 42296.95 45.50 0.00 0.00
TCN 38600.45 25.75 38600.45 25.75 12786.73 6065563.00 25813.72 25.75 0.00 0.00
DFO 72510.07 15.25 4240.59 0.00 76750.66 15.25 23200.85 1.50 15156216.00 53549.81 13.75 0.00 0.00
Bara
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 7659.53 1.00 3402218.00 -7659.53 -1.00 0.00 0.00
Total 111110.52 41.00 4240.59 0.00 115351.11 41.00 43647.11 2.50 24623997.00 71704.00 38.50 0.00 0.00
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFO 112903.02 2068.56 36.00 114971.58 36.00 1702.54 36.00 1618358.70 113269.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
Parsa
DFPSB 3156.21 0.00 0.00 3156.21 0.00 683.73 20511.00 2472.48 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 116059.23 0.00 2068.56 36.00 118127.79 36.00 2386.27 36.00 1638869.70 115741.52 0.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 31447.25 17894919.00 -31447.25 0.00 0.00
DFO 152188.91 67.00 46813.27 46.25 199002.18 113.25 12726.10 10326202.10 186276.08 113.25 0.00 0.00 0.00
Chitwan
DFPSB 59259.00 41.75 35850901.00 -59259.00 -41.75 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 152188.91 67.00 46813.27 46.25 199002.18 113.25 103432.35 41.75 64072022.10 95569.83 71.50 0.00 0.00
TCN 172.82 1.25 172.82 1.25 172.82 1.25
DFO 3155.48 1352.06 0.75 4507.54 0.75 1352.06 0.75 811008.45 3155.48 0.00 2766.54 0.00
Makawanpur
DFPSB 2976.00 9385.54 11.00 12361.54 11.00 9290.35 78700.00 11902401.00 3071.19 -78689.00 0.00 0.00
Total 6304.30 1.25 10737.60 11.75 17041.90 13.00 10642.41 78700.75 12713409.45 6399.49 -78687.75 0.00
TCN 66481.15 63.50 0.00 0.00 66481.15 63.50 50326.59 0.00 28229427.00 16154.56 63.50 0.00
TOTAL DFO 385679.99 171.23 57421.04 85.75 443101.03 256.98 43101.66 38.25 27998660.25 399999.37 218.73 0.00
DFPSB 26370.49 3.50 9540.82 12.75 35911.31 16.25 77379.66 78742.75 51682415.74 -41468.35 -78726.50 0.00 0.00
Grand Total ALL 478531.63 238.23 66961.86 98.50 545493.49 336.73 170807.91 78781.00 107910502.99 374685.58 -78444.27 0.00 0.00
Nepal Government
Fiscal Year 2073/74
(Western Region)
Sales Remaining Stock Low grade

Nawalparsi TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Bidut 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
CFM 0.00 0.00 22664.48 44.00 22664.48 44.00
Rupandehi DFO 15700.99 103.50 5542.17 71.50 21243.16 175.00 92065.87 97.00 38251897.00 -70822.71 78.00 0.00
DFPSB 148.10 11.00 13471.59 5.00 13619.69 16.00 4763.72 11.00 2446256.00 8855.97 5.00
Total 15849.09 114.50 41678.24 120.50 57527.33 235.00 96829.59 108.00 40698153.00 -61966.74 83.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
kapilbastu
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 0.00 1510.11 14.75 1510.11 14.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 1510.11 14.75 0.00 0.00
DFO 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 0.00
Arghakhachi
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 3.00 1510.11 14.75 1510.11 17.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 1510.11 17.75 0.00 0.00
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TOTAL DFO 15700.99 103.50 5542.17 71.50 43907.64 175.00 92065.87 97.00 38251897.00 -70822.71 78.00 0.00 0.00
DFPSB 148.10 11.00 13471.59 5.00 13619.69 16.00 4763.72 11.00 2446256.00 8855.97 5.00 0.00 0.00
Grand Total ALL 15849.09 114.50 19013.76 76.50 57527.33 191.00 96829.59 108.00 40698153.00 -61966.74 83.00 0.00 0.00
Nepal Government
Fiscal Year 2073/74
Mid-Western Region
Sales Remaining Stock Low grade

TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Dang
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 27922.90 0.90 6001.36 12.00 33924.26 12.90 14865.90 19058.36 12.90
DFO 76777.10 99.80 60356.30 104.00 137133.40 203.80 3845.00 13.50 133288.40 190.30 0.00 0.00
Banke
DFPSB 8435.05 4.00 1519.47 0.50 9954.52 4.50 1946.21 0.50 8008.31 4.00 0.00 0.00
Total 113135.05 104.70 67877.13 116.50 181012.18 221.20 20657.11 14.00 0.00 160355.07 207.20 0.00 0.00
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Surkhet
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DFO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Bardiya
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TCN 27922.90 0.90 6001.36 12.00 33924.26 12.90 14865.90 0.00 0.00 19058.36 12.90 0.00 0.00
TOTAL DFO 76777.10 99.80 60356.30 104.00 137133.40 203.80 3845.00 13.50 0.00 133288.40 190.30 0.00 0.00
DFPSB 8435.05 4.00 1519.47 0.50 9954.52 4.50 1946.21 0.50 0.00 8008.31 4.00 0.00 0.00
Grand Total ALL 113135.05 104.70 67877.13 116.50 181012.18 221.20 20657.11 14.00 0.00 160355.07 207.20 0.00 0.00
Nepal Government
Fiscal Year 2073/74
(Far Western Region)
Old Stock ( from 2072/73) Production in 2073/74 Total Sales Remaining Stock Low grade Remarks
District Agency
TCN 100054.66 34.35 2338.72 1.00 102393.38 35.35 47415.82 25315294.25 54977.56 35.35 0.00 0.00
DFO 72599.57 23296.53 95896.10 0.00 93860.82 29.00 73140760.00 2035.28 -29.00 0.00 0.00
Kailali
DFPSB 2479.76 19.00 2479.76 19.00 4405.86 11.00 2734271.00 -1926.10 8.00 0.00 0.00
Total 175133.99 53.35 25635.25 1.00 200769.24 54.35 145682.50 40.00 101190325.25 55086.74 14.35 0.00 0.00
TCN 20964.11 36.50 20964.11 36.50 4.00 8000.00 20964.11 32.50 0.00 0.00
DFO 18044.25 1.75 4229.99 0.50 22274.24 2.25 6487.10 8060507.00 15787.14 2.25 0.00 0.00
Kanchanpur
DFPSB 0.00 0.00 -27172.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 39008.36 38.25 4229.99 0.50 43238.35 38.75 6487.10 4.00 8041334.73 36751.25 34.75 0.00 0.00
TCN 121018.77 70.85 2338.72 1.00 123357.49 71.85 47415.82 4.00 25323294.25 75941.67 67.85 0.00 0.00
TOTAL DFO 90643.82 1.75 27526.52 0.50 118170.34 2.25 100347.92 29.00 81201267.00 17822.42 -26.75 0.00 0.00
DFPSB 2479.76 19.00 0.00 0.00 2479.76 19.00 4405.86 11.00 2707098.73 -1926.10 8.00 0.00 0.00
Grand Total 214142.35 91.60 29865.24 1.50 244007.59 93.10 152169.60 44.00 109231659.98 91837.99 49.10 0.00 0.00
g]kfn ;/sf/
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cf= j= 2073.74
lghL jg ;fd'bflos jg ;/sf/L jg
s"n hDdf ljqmL kl/df)f
lhNnf sf& bfp/f sf& bfp/f /fhZj ?=-15% _/ sf& bfp/f af+sL df}Hbft s"n hDdf /fhZj ?= s}lkmot
s"n /fhZj ?= -d'= c'= s/ 13% _ /fhZj ?=
kl/df) -So'=kmL=_ kl/df)f -r§f_ kl/df)f -So'=kmL=_ kl/df)f -r§f_ Eof^ kl/df)f -So'=kmL=_ kl/df)f -r§f_ sf& -So'= kmL_ bfp/f -r§f_ sf& -So"= kmL=_ bfp/f -r§f_
;+v'jf;ef 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
;f]n'v'Da' 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
;'g;/L 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
;Kt/L 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
t]x|y'd 3,444,009.08 22,438,676.00 0.00 0.00 3,444,009.08 0.00 22,438,676.00
cf]vn('·f 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
df]/· 70,317.81 203.16 1,728,135.00 58.00 5,063,758.49 0.00 0.00 70,317.81 261.16 6,791,893.49
ef]hk'/ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
emfkf 164,105.11 1,584,945.00 1,238.29 124,248.00 0.00 0.00 165,343.40 0.00 1,709,193.00
kf“ry/ 306,083.96 4,969,071.00 0.00 0.00 306,083.96 0.00 4,969,071.00
l;/xf 10,661.21 231,300.00 0.00 0.00 10,661.21 0.00 231,300.00
Onfd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
pbok'/ 6,752.40 19.50 164,317.00 625.02 130,050.00 0.00 0.00 7,377.42 19.50 294,367.00
tfKn]h'· 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
vf]^f· 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
wgs'^f 1,534,449.47 18,031,009.00 10,450.11 6.20 3,840,717.35 0.00 0.00 1,544,899.58 6.20 21,871,726.35
hDdf 5536379.04 222.66 49147453.00 1,238.29 58.00 5188006.49 11075.13 6.20 3970767.35 0.00 0.00 5548692.46 286.86 58306226.84
/;'jf 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
/f}tx^ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
/fd]%fk 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
;nf{xL 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
af/f 6487.59 22.25 150,550.00 0.00 0.00 6,487.59 22.25 150,550.00
bf]nvf 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
dsjfgk'/ 91914.50 348.00 811,750.00 0.00 0.00 91,914.50 348.00 811,750.00
dxf]Q/L 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
etmk'/ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
g'jfsf]^ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
k;f{ 43592.17 173.40 820,920.00 0.00 0.00 43,592.17 173.40 820,920.00
l;Gw'kfNrf]s 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
l;Gw'nL 46866.20 5.50 827,737.00 0.00 0.00 46,866.20 5.50 827,737.00
lrtjg 17288.62 79.52 437,141.00 0.00 0.00 17,288.62 79.52 437,141.00
nlntk'/ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
sf&df)*f} 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
sfe|]knfGrf]s 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
wflbª 4916.31 217.25 89,542.00 0.00 0.00 4,916.31 217.25 89,542.00
wg'iff 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
hDdf 211065.39 845.92 3,137,640.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 211065.39 845.9 3137640
:of·hf 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
?kGb]xL 74548.35 185.39 1,629,437.00 36,785.76 36.00 2,752,220.00 0.00 0.00 111,334.11 221.39 4,381,657.00
afun'· 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
d':tf· 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
dgf· 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DofUbL 5178.14 1.75 156,533.51 556.83 10,150.00 0.00 0.00 5,734.97 1.75 166,683.51
gjnk/f;L 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
kfNkf 70558.30 108.28 2,588,042.30 29,879.02 17.88 713,823.00 0.00 0.00 100,437.32 126.16 3,301,865.30
kj{t 75754.10 3.00 1,619,972.00 0.00 0.00 75,754.10 3.00 1,619,972.00
ndh'· 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
sf:sL 1622.30 8.75 39,761.00 0.00 0.00 1,622.30 8.75 39,761.00
slknj:t' 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
tgx+' 75332.27 283.45 5,093,122.00 80,657.74 58.33 15,761,200.00 8,297.64 1,762,849.00 0.00 0.00 164,287.65 341.78 22,617,171.00
uf]/vf 31578.60 738,595.00 7.00 15,500.00 1,218.76 1,153,548.90 0.00 0.00 32,797.36 7.00 1,907,643.90
u'NdL 138780.33 6,285,420.22 130,467.39 6,848,815.98 5,049.18 25,200.00 0.00 0.00 274,296.90 0.00 13,159,436.20
c#f{vf+rL 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
hDdf 473352.39 590.62 18,150,883.03 278,346.74 119.21 26,101,708.98 14,565.58 0.00 2,941,597.90 0.00 0.00 766,264.71 709.83 47,194,189.91
*f]Nkf 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
/f]Nkf 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
;'v]{t 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

?s'd 7593.16 243,804.00 0.00 0.00 7,593.16 0.00 243,804.00
;Nofg 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
af“s] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
alb{of 87368.00 387.45 1,740,393.00 464.30 453,316.00 0.00 0.00 87,832.30 387.45 2,193,709.00
b}n]v 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
bf· 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
d'u' 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
h'Dnf 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
hfh/sf]^ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Ko'&fg 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
sfnLsf]^ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
x'Dnf 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
hDdf 94961.16 387.45 1,984,197.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 464.30 0.00 453,316.00 0.00 0.00 95,425.46 387.45 2,437,513.00
**]Nw'/f 3238.91 66,259.00 21,674.78 1,591,048.20 0.00 0.00 24,913.69 0.00 1,657,307.20
*f]^L 8180.18 176,414.80 22,676.00 822,621.35 445.00 43,100.00 0.00 0.00 31,301.18 0.00 1,042,136.15
a}t*L 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
aemf· 791.00 174,636.00 0.00 0.00 791.00 0.00 174,636.00
afh'/f 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
bfr'{nf 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
c%fd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
s}nfnL 11065.51 8.58 325,107.00 98,791.52 217.38 1,463,409.00 0.00 0.00 109,857.03 225.96 1,788,516.00
s~rgk'/ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
hDdf 22484.60 8.58 567,780.80 143,142.30 217.38 3,877,078.55 1,236.00 0.00 217,736.00 0.00 0.00 166,862.90 225.96 4,662,595.35
s"n hDdf 6338242.58 2,055.23 72987953.83 422727.33 394.59 35166794.02 27341.01 6.20 7583417.25 0.00 0.00 6788310.92 2456.02 115738165.10
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n#' tyf u|}x| sfi& jg k}bfjf/ las|L ljt/)fsf] ljj/)f
cf= j= 2073.74
nf}& ;Nnf vf]^f] cu]{nL cNnf] nf]Stf vo/ d}g aflaof] / v/ dx ef]nf{kft lgufnf]uf]^f cd[;f] ('·f,afn'jf,u|fj]n cGo
ljsf;
lhNnfsf] gfd kl/df) s"n kl/df)f s'n /fhZj s}lkmot
If]q kl/df)f /fhZj kl/df)f /fhZj kl/df)f /fhZj kl/df)f /fhZj kl/df)f /fhZj kl/df)f /fhZj kl/df)f /fhZj kl/df)f /fhZj kl/df)f /fhZj kl/df)f /fhZj kl/df)f /fhZj kl/df)f /fhZj /fhZj kl/df)f /fhZj
f-So"= kmL=_
1 ;+v'jf;ef 0.0 0.0
1 ;f]n'v'Da' 0.0 0.0
1 ;'g;/L 0.0 0.0
1 ;Kt/L 0.0 0.0
1 t]x|y'd 20,944.0 30,200.00 20,944.0 30,200.0
1 cf]vn('·f 0.0 0.0
cinnamommum
1 df]/· 6,200.0 13,000.0 6,200.0 13,000.0 leaves &bojo
1 ef]hk'/ 0.0 0.0
1 emfkf 0.0 0.0
1 kf“ry/ 31,895.0 22,895.0 31,895.0 22,895.0
1 l;/xf 0.0 0.0
1 Onfd 0.0 0.0
1 pbok'/ 0.0 0.0
1 tfKn]h'· 0.0 0.0
1 vf]^f· 0.0 0.0
1 wgs'^f 0.0 0.0
hDdf 0.0 0.0 20,944.0 30,200.0 31,895.0 22,895.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,200.0 13,000.0 59,039.0 66,095.0
2 /;'jf 0.0 0.0
2 /f}tx^ 0.0 0.0
2 /fd]%fk 0.0 0.0
2 ;nf{xL 0.0 0.0
2 af/f 1,248.0 1,248.0 0.0
2 bf]nvf 0.0 0.0
2 dsjfgk'/ 0.0 0.0

2 dxf]Q/L 0.0 0.0
2 etmk'/ 0.0 0.0
2 g'jfsf]^ 0.0 0.0
2 k;f{ 0.0 0.0
2 l;Gw'kfNrf]s 0.0 0.0
2 l;Gw'nL 0.0 0.0
2 lrtjg 0.0 0.0
2 nlntk'/ 0.0 0.0
2 sf&df)*f} 0.0 0.0
sfe|]knfGrf]
2 s 0.0 0.0
2 wflb· 0.0 0.0
2 wg'iff 0.0 0.0
hDdf 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,248.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,248.0 0.0
3 :of·hf 0.0 0.0
3 ?kGb]xL 0.0 0.0
3 afun'· 0.0 0.0
3 d':tf· 0.0 0.0
3 dgf· 0.0 0.0
3 DofUbL 16.5 412.5 251,905.0 16.5 252,317.5
3 gjnk/f;L 0.0 0.0
3 kfNkf 0.0 0.0
3 kj{t 100,069.4 104,039.00 100,069.4 104,039.0
3 ndh'· 0.0 0.0 satuwa
3 sf:sL 0.0 0.0
3 slknj:t' 0.0 0.0
3 tgx+' 1,023.0 1,023.0 0.0
3 uf]/vf 15,736.0 234,710.0 15,736.0 234,710.0
3 u'NdL 285,806.5 334,398.61 285,806.5 334,398.6
3 c#f{vf+rL 0.0 0.0
hDdf 16.5 412.5 385,875.9 438,437.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,023.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,736.0 486,615.0 402,651.4 925,465.1
4 *f]Nkf 0.0 0.0

4 /f]Nkf 0.0 0.0
4 ;'v]{t 0.0 0.0
4 ;Nofg 0.0 0.0
4 ?s'd 6,200.0 31,000.0 5,000.0 25,000.00 3,910.0 39,100.0 15,110.0 95,100.0
4 af“s] 0.0 0.0
4 alb{of 117.9 85,449.0 950.0 24,600.0 1,067.9 110,049.0
4 b}n]v 0.0 0.0
4 bf· 0.0 0.0
4 d'u' 0.0 0.0
4 h'Dnf 600.0 3,000.00 600.0 3,000.0
4 hfh/sf]^ 0.0 0.0 satuwa,chyau
4 Ko'&fg 0.0 0.0
4 sfnLsf]^ 0.0 0.0
4 x'Dnf 0.0 0.0
hDdf 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.0 6,200.0 31,000.0 5,600.0 28,000.0 117.9 85,449.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,910.0 39,100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 950.0 24,600.0 16,777.9 208,149.0
5 **]Nw'/f 120,869.0 125,703.80 120,869.0 125,703.8
5 *f]^L 125,218.0 901,573.80 9,700.0 48,500.0 134,918.0 950,073.8
5 a}t*L 0.0 0.0
5 aemf· 3,800.0 19,000.00 3,800.0 19,000.0
5 afh'/f 700.2 3,500.00 700.2 3,500.0
5 bfr'{nf 0.0 0.0
5 c%fd 0.0 0.0
5 s}nfnL 910,638.8 725,110.40 1,831.8 31,545.0 912,470.6 756,655.4
5 s~rgk'/ 573.1 343,860.0 573.1 343,860.0
hDdf 0.0 0.0 1,156,725.8 1,752,388.0 0.0 0.0 9,700.0 48,500.0 4,500.2 22,500.0 2,404.9 375,405.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,173,330.9 2,198,793.0
s"n hDdf 16.5 412.5 1,563,545.7 2,221,025.6 31,895.0 22,895.0 15,900.0 79,500.0 10,100.2 50,500.0 4,793.9 460,854.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,910.0 39,100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22,886.0 524,215.0 1,653,047.2 3,398,502.1
jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
Effu %
cfly{s ljj/0f

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
नेपाल सरकार
�न त�ा �ाता�र� म� ल�
�न ि� ाग
क ��क ि र�
िशष�क चालु खच� पूज

ं ीगत खच� कू ल ज�मा
�29012 �न ि� ाग 60,876,430.82 54,823,183.20 115,699,614.02
21111 तल� 48,716,041.82 48,716,041.82

2111� म ग
ं ी ा 1,267,469.00 1,267,469.00
21119 �� ा 218,500.00 218,500.00

21121 प शाक 772,500.00 772,500.00
22111 पानी त�ा ि जुली 756,000.00 756,000.00

22112 संचार म सुल 407,000.00 407,000.00
22211 ��न 1,337,000.00 1,337,000.00

22212 संचालन त�ा मम�त सं ार 735,000.00 735,000.00
2221� ि मा 325,000.00 325,000.00

22�11 का�ा�ल� स� ��ी खच� 883,646.00 883,646.00
22�1� ��न �� जन 68,257.00 68,257.00

22�21 िन�मत सा��जिनक स�पि क मम�त स� ार 243,007.00 243,007.00
22�11 से�ा र परामश� खच� 200,010.00 200,010.00

22�12 �� से�ा शु�क 2,760,000.00 2,760,000.00
22�11 �नुगमन�मू��ांकन खच� 1,350,000.00 1,350,000.00

22�12 �म� खच� 650,000.00 650,000.00
22�11 ि�ि�� खच� 187,000.00 187,000.00

29�11 ��नचर त�ा ��चस� 300,000.00 300,000.00
29�11 स�ारी सा�न 53,877,727.20 53,877,727.20
29511 मेिशनरी औजार 495,505.00 495,505.00

29�12 स �े�र िनमा�� र खरीद खच� 149,951.00 149,951.00

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
�2901� िज�ला �न का�ा�ल� �न सुर ा सिनक समेत 2,282,633,115.75 9,563,974.14 2,292,197,089.89
21111 तल� 1,744,367,345.57 1,744,367,345.57
21112 ��ानी� ा 23,823,253.65 23,823,253.65

2111� म ग
ं ी ा 60,423,114.26 60,423,114.26
21119 �� ा 3,236,679.00 3,236,679.00

21121 प शाक 43,740,905.00 43,740,905.00
21122 खा ान 290,327,717.35 290,327,717.35

22111 पानी त�ा ि जुली 4,929,754.57 4,929,754.57
22112 संचार म सुल 4,216,426.01 4,216,426.01

22121 र ा ा 12,676,703.99 12,676,703.99
22211 ��न 6,952,435.67 6,952,435.67
22212 संचालन त�ा मम�त सं ार 4,000,962.55 4,000,962.55
2221� ि मा 832,909.40 832,909.40
22�11 का�ा�ल� स� ��ी खच� 11,482,463.05 11,482,463.05
22�1� ��न �� जन 35,000.00 35,000.00
22�21 िन�मत सा��जिनक स�पि क मम�त
स� ार 7,570,362.29 7,570,362.29
22�12 �� से�ा शु�क 49,945,164.39 49,945,164.39
22511 कम�चारी तािलम 737,040.00 737,040.00

22522 का��म खच� 722,869.00 722,869.00
22�11 �नुगमन�मू��ांकन खच� 4,921,784.00 4,921,784.00

22�12 �म� खच� 5,825,242.00 5,825,242.00
22�11 ि�ि�� खच� 1,111,767.00 1,111,767.00

2��11 सरकारी िनका��सिमित �ं � ला� िनसत� चालु
�नुदान 753,217.00 753,217.00
292�1 पूंजीगत सु�ार खच� �न 2,288,728.67 2,288,728.67

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
29�11 ��नचर त�ा ��चस� 1,512,133.00 1,512,133.00
29511 मेिशनरी औजार 796,238.00 796,238.00
29�11 सा��जिनक िनमा�� 2,496,000.00 2,496,000.00

29�21 पूंजीगत सु�ार खच� 2,470,874.47 2,470,874.47
�29102 जि ु ी ि�कास का��म क�ा�ली

ज ी ु ी श �न समेत 63,695,558.50 187,092,080.18 250,787,638.68
22211 ��न 188,955.00 188,955.00
22�11 का�ा�ल� स� ��ी खच� 1,088,868.00 1,088,868.00
22512 सीप ि�कास त�ा जनचेतना तािलम

त�ा ग ी स��ी खच� 12,708,157.50 12,708,157.50
22521 पादन साम ी से�ा 703,296.00 703,296.00

22522 का��म खच� 31,315,075.00 31,315,075.00
22�11 �नुगमन�मू��ांकन खच� 10,671,739.00 10,671,739.00

22�12 �म� खच� 268,000.00 268,000.00
22�11 ि�ि�� खच� 14,400.00 14,400.00

2��2� �� सं��ा त�ा �ि�ला� पूंजीगत
�नुदान 6,737,068.00 6,737,068.00
29221 �न िनमा�� 3,367,068.00 3,367,068.00
29511 मेिशनरी औजार 1,049,211.00 1,049,211.00

29�11 सा��जिनक िनमा�� 182,675,801.18 182,675,801.18
�2910� राि � �न ि�कास त�ा ��ापन

का��म 80,761,465.77 401,021,046.01 481,782,511.78
22111 पानी त�ा ि जुली 609,602.00 609,602.00
22112 संचार म सुल 459,667.00 459,667.00
22121 र ा ा 227,200.00 227,200.00
22211 ��न 1,238,454.00 1,238,454.00

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
22�11 का�ा�ल� स� ��ी खच� 1,923,063.98 1,923,063.98

स� ार खच� 1,717,436.09 1,717,436.09
22511 कम�चारी तािलम 480,000.00 480,000.00

त�ा ग ी स��ी खच� 9,583,395.00 9,583,395.00
22522 का��म खच� 61,314,981.50 61,314,981.50
22�11 �नुगमन�मू��ांकन खच� 1,323,035.00 1,323,035.00
22�12 �म� खच� 345,440.00 345,440.00

22�11 ि�ि�� खच� 131,530.00 131,530.00
29221 �न िनमा�� 121,959,348.68 121,959,348.68
292�1 पूंजीगत सु�ार खच� �न 3,318,991.00 3,318,991.00
29�11 ��नचर त�ा ��चस� 185,136.00 185,136.00
29511 मेिशनरी औजार 3,552,035.00 3,552,035.00
29�11 सा��जिनक िनमा�� 266,664,031.33 266,664,031.33
29�11 पूंजीगत �नुस��ान त�ा परामश� 5,341,504.00 5,341,504.00
�29109 � सु�ार � ार प� त�ा िनजी �न
का��म 255,001,364.53 217,732,231.52 472,733,596.05
21119 �� ा 50,000.00 50,000.00
0 नगद 50,000.00 50,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 50,000.00 50,000.00
22111 पानी त�ा ि जुली 3,258,295.83 3,258,295.83
0 नगद 3,258,295.83 3,258,295.83

110101 नेपाल सरकार 3,258,295.83 3,258,295.83
22112 संचार म सुल 3,436,651.99 3,436,651.99

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
0 नगद 3,436,651.99 3,436,651.99
110101 नेपाल सरकार 3,436,651.99 3,436,651.99
22121 र ा ा 345,725.00 345,725.00
0 नगद 345,725.00 345,725.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 345,725.00 345,725.00
22211 ��न 6,460,278.90 6,460,278.90
0 नगद 6,460,278.90 6,460,278.90

110101 नेपाल सरकार 6,460,278.90 6,460,278.90
0 नगद 5,139,700.60 5,139,700.60

110101 नेपाल सरकार 5,139,700.60 5,139,700.60
2221� ि मा 11,706.00 11,706.00
0 नगद 11,706.00 11,706.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 11,706.00 11,706.00
22�11 का�ा�ल� स� ��ी खच� 5,152,601.26 5,152,601.26
0 नगद 5,152,601.26 5,152,601.26

110101 नेपाल सरकार 5,152,601.26 5,152,601.26
22�12 �� से�ा शु�क 432,630.00 432,630.00
0 नगद 432,630.00 432,630.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 432,630.00 432,630.00
22511 कम�चारी तािलम 18,000.00 18,000.00
0 नगद 18,000.00 18,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 18,000.00 18,000.00
त�ा ग ी स��ी खच� 11,356,755.00 11,356,755.00
0 नगद 11,356,755.00 11,356,755.00

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
110101 नेपाल सरकार 11,356,755.00 11,356,755.00
22522 का��म खच� 170,820,157.95 170,820,157.95
0 नगद 170,820,157.95 170,820,157.95

110101 नेपाल सरकार 170,820,157.95 170,820,157.95
22�11 �नुगमन�मू��ांकन खच� 5,825,524.00 5,825,524.00
0 नगद 5,825,524.00 5,825,524.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 5,825,524.00 5,825,524.00
22�12 �म� खच� 4,406,816.00 4,406,816.00
0 नगद 4,406,816.00 4,406,816.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 4,406,816.00 4,406,816.00
22�11 ि�ि�� खच� 2,237,914.00 2,237,914.00
0 नगद 2,237,914.00 2,237,914.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 2,237,914.00 2,237,914.00
�नुदान 36,048,608.00 36,048,608.00
0 नगद 36,048,608.00 36,048,608.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 36,048,608.00 36,048,608.00
29�11 स�ारी सा�न 899,483.00 899,483.00
0 नगद 899,483.00 899,483.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 899,483.00 899,483.00
29511 मेिशनरी औजार 199,445.00 199,445.00
0 नगद 199,445.00 199,445.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 199,445.00 199,445.00
29�11 सा��जिनक िनमा�� 216,633,303.52 216,633,303.52
0 नगद 216,633,303.52 216,633,303.52

110101 नेपाल सरकार 216,633,303.52 216,633,303.52

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
�2912� रा पित चुरे तरा� म�ेश संर �
ि�कास सिमित 155,167,606.99 1,568,064,422.47 1,723,232,029.46
21111 तल� 12,982,299.00 12,982,299.00
0 नगद 12,982,299.00 12,982,299.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 12,982,299.00 12,982,299.00
2111� म ग
ं ी ा 281,000.00 281,000.00
0 नगद 281,000.00 281,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 281,000.00 281,000.00
21119 �� ा 3,167,674.00 3,167,674.00
0 नगद 3,167,674.00 3,167,674.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 3,167,674.00 3,167,674.00
21121 प शाक 180,000.00 180,000.00
0 नगद 180,000.00 180,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 180,000.00 180,000.00
22111 पानी त�ा ि जुली 288,178.00 288,178.00
0 नगद 288,178.00 288,178.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 288,178.00 288,178.00
22112 संचार म सुल 486,053.00 486,053.00
0 नगद 486,053.00 486,053.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 486,053.00 486,053.00
22121 र ा ा 294,400.00 294,400.00
0 नगद 294,400.00 294,400.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 294,400.00 294,400.00
22122 �� ा ा 52,516.00 52,516.00
0 नगद 52,516.00 52,516.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 52,516.00 52,516.00

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
22211 ��न 2,772,102.00 2,772,102.00
0 नगद 2,772,102.00 2,772,102.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 2,772,102.00 2,772,102.00
0 नगद 17,853,714.85 17,853,714.85

110101 नेपाल सरकार 17,853,714.85 17,853,714.85
2221� ि मा 445,000.00 445,000.00
0 नगद 445,000.00 445,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 445,000.00 445,000.00
22�11 का�ा�ल� स� ��ी खच� 2,991,805.00 2,991,805.00
0 नगद 2,991,805.00 2,991,805.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 2,991,805.00 2,991,805.00
22�1� ��न �� जन 43,716.00 43,716.00
0 नगद 43,716.00 43,716.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 43,716.00 43,716.00
स� ार खच� 328,000.00 328,000.00
0 नगद 328,000.00 328,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 328,000.00 328,000.00
22�11 से�ा र परामश� खच� 10,030,686.61 10,030,686.61
0 नगद 10,030,686.61 10,030,686.61

110101 नेपाल सरकार 10,030,686.61 10,030,686.61
22�12 �� से�ा शु�क 5,116,374.00 5,116,374.00
0 नगद 5,116,374.00 5,116,374.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 5,116,374.00 5,116,374.00
22511 कम�चारी तािलम 2,686,500.00 2,686,500.00

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
0 नगद 2,686,500.00 2,686,500.00
110101 नेपाल सरकार 2,686,500.00 2,686,500.00

त�ा ग ी स��ी खच� 63,361,144.53 63,361,144.53
0 नगद 63,361,144.53 63,361,144.53

110101 नेपाल सरकार 63,361,144.53 63,361,144.53
22521 पादन साम ी से�ा 7,996,189.00 7,996,189.00
0 नगद 7,996,189.00 7,996,189.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 7,996,189.00 7,996,189.00
22522 का��म खच� 2,136,568.00 2,136,568.00
0 नगद 2,136,568.00 2,136,568.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 2,136,568.00 2,136,568.00
22529 �� का��म खच� 1,794,230.00 1,794,230.00
0 नगद 1,794,230.00 1,794,230.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 1,794,230.00 1,794,230.00
22�11 �नुगमन�मू��ांकन खच� 18,903,439.00 18,903,439.00
0 नगद 18,903,439.00 18,903,439.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 18,903,439.00 18,903,439.00
22�12 �म� खच� 471,710.00 471,710.00
0 नगद 471,710.00 471,710.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 471,710.00 471,710.00
22�11 ि�ि�� खच� 504,308.00 504,308.00
0 नगद 504,308.00 504,308.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 504,308.00 504,308.00
29221 �न िनमा�� 2,346,200.00 2,346,200.00
0 नगद 2,346,200.00 2,346,200.00

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg

110101 नेपाल सरकार 2,346,200.00 2,346,200.00
29�11 ��नचर त�ा ��चस� 676,124.00 676,124.00
0 नगद 676,124.00 676,124.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 676,124.00 676,124.00
29�11 स�ारी सा�न 5,985,000.00 5,985,000.00
0 नगद 5,985,000.00 5,985,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 5,985,000.00 5,985,000.00
29511 मेिशनरी औजार 4,342,607.00 4,342,607.00
0 नगद 4,342,607.00 4,342,607.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 4,342,607.00 4,342,607.00
29�11 सा��जिनक िनमा�� 1,529,357,117.73 1,529,357,117.73
0 नगद 1,529,357,117.73 1,529,357,117.73

110101 नेपाल सरकार 1,529,357,117.73 1,529,357,117.73
29�11 पूंजीगत �नुस��ान त�ा परामश� 25,357,373.74 25,357,373.74
0 नगद 25,357,373.74 25,357,373.74

110101 नेपाल सरकार 25,357,373.74 25,357,373.74
�2912� ��ज�तु संर �क लािग े ी�

स � ग ��न � जना 44,816,325.40 33,683,412.66 78,499,738.06
21119 �� ा 65,890.00 65,890.00
12 स �
ु ानी �नुदान 65,890.00 65,890.00
210�01 �ि 65,890.00 65,890.00
22211 ��न 21,802.80 21,802.80
12 स �
ु ानी �नुदान 21,802.80 21,802.80
210�01 �ि 21,802.80 21,802.80
12 स �
ु ानी �नुदान 68,700.61 68,700.61

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg

210�01 �ि 68,700.61 68,700.61
22�11 का�ा�ल� स� ��ी खच� 377,308.01 377,308.01
12 स �
ु ानी �नुदान 377,308.01 377,308.01
210�01 �ि 377,308.01 377,308.01
22�11 से�ा र परामश� खच� 6,142,330.91 6,142,330.91
12 स �
ु ानी �नुदान 6,142,330.91 6,142,330.91
210�01 �ि 6,142,330.91 6,142,330.91
त�ा ग ी स��ी खच� 2,623,596.00 2,623,596.00
0 नगद 1,822,610.00 1,822,610.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 1,822,610.00 1,822,610.00
12 स �
ु ानी �नुदान 800,986.00 800,986.00
210�01 �ि 800,986.00 800,986.00
22522 का��म खच� 31,592,022.18 31,592,022.18
0 नगद 22,112,492.39 22,112,492.39

110101 नेपाल सरकार 22,112,492.39 22,112,492.39
12 स �
ु ानी �नुदान 9,479,529.79 9,479,529.79
210�01 �ि 9,479,529.79 9,479,529.79
22�11 �नुगमन�मू��ांकन खच� 191,908.75 191,908.75
12 स �
ु ानी �नुदान 191,908.75 191,908.75
210�01 �ि 191,908.75 191,908.75
22�11 ि�ि�� खच� 2,075,766.14 2,075,766.14
12 स �
ु ानी �नुदान 2,075,766.14 2,075,766.14
210�01 �ि 2,075,766.14 2,075,766.14
2�211 ा �ि 1,657,000.00 1,657,000.00
12 स �
ु ानी �नुदान 1,657,000.00 1,657,000.00

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg

210�01 �ि 1,657,000.00 1,657,000.00
29221 �न िनमा�� 9,863,381.66 9,863,381.66
0 नगद 9,863,381.66 9,863,381.66

110101 नेपाल सरकार 9,863,381.66 9,863,381.66
29�11 सा��जिनक िनमा�� 23,820,031.00 23,820,031.00
0 नगद 14,948,606.00 14,948,606.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 14,948,606.00 14,948,606.00
12 स �
ु ानी �नुदान 8,871,425.00 8,871,425.00
210�01 �ि 8,871,425.00 8,871,425.00
�29152 सर कार�ाला �न का��म 2,660,785.00 2,660,785.00

22111 पानी त�ा ि जुली 95,923.00 95,923.00
0 नगद 95,923.00 95,923.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 95,923.00 95,923.00
22112 संचार म सुल 22,889.00 22,889.00
0 नगद 22,889.00 22,889.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 22,889.00 22,889.00
22211 ��न 222,000.00 222,000.00
0 नगद 222,000.00 222,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 222,000.00 222,000.00
0 नगद 304,104.00 304,104.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 304,104.00 304,104.00
22�11 का�ा�ल� स� ��ी खच� 460,000.00 460,000.00
0 नगद 460,000.00 460,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 460,000.00 460,000.00

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg

22�11 से�ा र परामश� खच� 299,450.00 299,450.00
0 नगद 299,450.00 299,450.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 299,450.00 299,450.00
22�12 �� से�ा शु�क 573,660.00 573,660.00
0 नगद 573,660.00 573,660.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 573,660.00 573,660.00
22511 कम�चारी तािलम 325,000.00 325,000.00
0 नगद 325,000.00 325,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 325,000.00 325,000.00
22�11 �नुगमन�मू��ांकन खच� 226,524.00 226,524.00
0 नगद 226,524.00 226,524.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 226,524.00 226,524.00
22�12 �म� खच� 12,400.00 12,400.00
0 नगद 12,400.00 12,400.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 12,400.00 12,400.00
22�11 ि�ि�� खच� 118,835.00 118,835.00
0 नगद 118,835.00 118,835.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 118,835.00 118,835.00
�29155 नेपाल �ापार �ककत र�नीित �न

का��म 10,953,322.00 44,914,568.36 55,867,890.36
22211 ��न 185,667.00 185,667.00
0 नगद 185,667.00 185,667.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 185,667.00 185,667.00
0 नगद 125,893.00 125,893.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 125,893.00 125,893.00

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg

22�11 का�ा�ल� स� ��ी खच� 119,846.00 119,846.00
0 नगद 119,846.00 119,846.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 119,846.00 119,846.00
22511 कम�चारी तािलम 550,000.00 550,000.00
0 नगद 550,000.00 550,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 550,000.00 550,000.00

त�ा ग ी स��ी खच� 379,773.00 379,773.00
0 नगद 379,773.00 379,773.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 379,773.00 379,773.00
22522 का��म खच� 8,415,713.00 8,415,713.00
0 नगद 8,415,713.00 8,415,713.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 8,415,713.00 8,415,713.00
22�11 �नुगमन�मू��ांकन खच� 447,830.00 447,830.00
0 नगद 447,830.00 447,830.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 447,830.00 447,830.00
22�11 ि�ि�� खच� 108,600.00 108,600.00
0 नगद 108,600.00 108,600.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 108,600.00 108,600.00
�नुदान 620,000.00 620,000.00
0 नगद 620,000.00 620,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 620,000.00 620,000.00
29221 �न िनमा�� 30,828,495.00 30,828,495.00
0 नगद 30,828,495.00 30,828,495.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 30,828,495.00 30,828,495.00

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg

292�1 पूंजीगत सु�ार खच� �न 483,086.36 483,086.36
0 नगद 483,086.36 483,086.36

110101 नेपाल सरकार 483,086.36 483,086.36
29�11 ��नचर त�ा ��चस� 200,000.00 200,000.00
0 नगद 200,000.00 200,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 200,000.00 200,000.00
29511 मेिशनरी औजार 6,722,272.00 6,722,272.00
0 नगद 6,722,272.00 6,722,272.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 6,722,272.00 6,722,272.00
29�11 सा��जिनक िनमा�� 6,680,715.00 6,680,715.00
0 नगद 6,680,715.00 6,680,715.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 6,680,715.00 6,680,715.00
�29 05 सामुदाि�क ि�कास त�ा �न जला�र

संर � � जना 17,113,801.89 63,505,016.99 80,618,818.88
22111 पानी त�ा ि जुली 278,000.00 278,000.00
0 नगद 278,000.00 278,000.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 278,000.00 278,000.00
22112 संचार म सुल 250,102.00 250,102.00
0 नगद 250,102.00 250,102.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 250,102.00 250,102.00
22121 र ा ा 408,060.00 408,060.00
0 नगद 408,060.00 408,060.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 408,060.00 408,060.00
22211 ��न 1,372,873.89 1,372,873.89
0 नगद 1,372,873.89 1,372,873.89

110101 नेपाल सरकार 1,372,873.89 1,372,873.89

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
0 नगद 1,614,741.00 1,614,741.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 1,614,741.00 1,614,741.00
22�11 का�ा�ल� स� ��ी खच� 988,150.00 988,150.00
0 नगद 988,150.00 988,150.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 988,150.00 988,150.00

त�ा ग ी स��ी खच� 5,030,658.00 5,030,658.00
0 नगद 5,030,658.00 5,030,658.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 5,030,658.00 5,030,658.00
22522 का��म खच� 1,263,983.00 1,263,983.00
0 नगद 1,263,983.00 1,263,983.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 1,263,983.00 1,263,983.00
22�11 �नुगमन�मू��ांकन खच� 5,513,834.00 5,513,834.00
0 नगद 5,513,834.00 5,513,834.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 5,513,834.00 5,513,834.00
22�11 ि�ि�� खच� 393,400.00 393,400.00
0 नगद 393,400.00 393,400.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 393,400.00 393,400.00
29�11 ��नचर त�ा ��चस� 242,600.00 242,600.00
0 नगद 242,600.00 242,600.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 242,600.00 242,600.00
29511 मेिशनरी औजार 349,993.00 349,993.00
0 नगद 349,993.00 349,993.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 349,993.00 349,993.00
29�11 सा��जिनक िनमा�� 62,912,423.99 62,912,423.99

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
0 नगद 62,912,423.99 62,912,423.99
110101 नेपाल सरकार 62,912,423.99 62,912,423.99
�29 0 सामुदाि�क त�ा क�ुिल�ती �न

ि�कास का��म 283,500,044.85 56,946,666.04 340,446,710.89
22111 पानी त�ा ि जुली 1,620,931.75 1,620,931.75
0 नगद 1,620,931.75 1,620,931.75

110101 नेपाल सरकार 1,620,931.75 1,620,931.75
22112 संचार म सुल 2,087,834.00 2,087,834.00
0 नगद 2,087,834.00 2,087,834.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 2,087,834.00 2,087,834.00
22121 र ा ा 461,790.00 461,790.00
0 नगद 461,790.00 461,790.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 461,790.00 461,790.00
22211 ��न 3,513,035.23 3,513,035.23
0 नगद 3,513,035.23 3,513,035.23

110101 नेपाल सरकार 3,513,035.23 3,513,035.23
0 नगद 3,852,589.96 3,852,589.96

110101 नेपाल सरकार 3,852,589.96 3,852,589.96
22�11 का�ा�ल� स� ��ी खच� 3,444,239.00 3,444,239.00
0 नगद 3,444,239.00 3,444,239.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 3,444,239.00 3,444,239.00

त�ा ग ी स��ी खच� 39,119,855.50 39,119,855.50
0 नगद 39,119,855.50 39,119,855.50

110101 नेपाल सरकार 39,119,855.50 39,119,855.50

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
22522 का��म खच� 168,084,857.41 168,084,857.41
0 नगद 168,084,857.41 168,084,857.41

110101 नेपाल सरकार 168,084,857.41 168,084,857.41
22�11 �नुगमन�मू��ांकन खच� 25,872,553.00 25,872,553.00
0 नगद 25,872,553.00 25,872,553.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 25,872,553.00 25,872,553.00
22�12 �म� खच� 2,176,493.00 2,176,493.00
0 नगद 2,176,493.00 2,176,493.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 2,176,493.00 2,176,493.00
22�11 ि�ि�� खच� 1,468,048.00 1,468,048.00
0 नगद 1,468,048.00 1,468,048.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 1,468,048.00 1,468,048.00
2��2� �� सं��ा त�ा �ि�ला� पूंजीगत �नुदान 31,797,818.00 31,797,818.00
0 नगद 31,797,818.00 31,797,818.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 31,797,818.00 31,797,818.00
29�11 ��नचर त�ा ��चस� 119,160.00 119,160.00
0 नगद 119,160.00 119,160.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 119,160.00 119,160.00
29511 मेिशनरी औजार 7,662,006.04 7,662,006.04
0 नगद 7,662,006.04 7,662,006.04

110101 नेपाल सरकार 7,662,006.04 7,662,006.04
29�11 सा��जिनक िनमा�� 49,165,500.00 49,165,500.00
0 नगद 49,165,500.00 49,165,500.00

110101 नेपाल सरकार 49,165,500.00 49,165,500.00
कू ल ज�मा 8,011,237,899.55 4,597,278,035.98 12,608,515,935.53

g]kfn ;/sf/
jg ljefu
w/f}^Lsf] z+;f]lwt s]Gb|Lo cfly{s ljj/)f
cf=j= 2073.74
cfDbfgL vr{ >]:tf cg';f/ jfsL

l;=g+ lhNnf jg sfof{no j}+s cg';f/ jfsL km/s km/s kgf{sf] sf/)f
ut cf=j ;Ddsf] o; cf=j=sf] hDdf ;b/:ofxf lkmtf{ hDdf gub j}+s hDdf
1 tfKn]h'· 2859365.57 1833679.00 4693044.57 0.00 480548.00 480548.00 0 4212496.57 4212496.57 4212496.57 0.00
2 kfry/ 1548971.00 131081.00 1680052.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 168052.00 168052.00 168052.00 0.00
3 O{nfd 2256158.23 1866610.00 4122768.23 107600.00 1158984.00 1266584.00 0.00 2856184.23 2856184.23 2856184.23 0.00
4 emfkf 10705977.06 3763675.74 14469652.80 4254361.02 1081550.59 5335911.61 0.00 9133741.19 9133741.19 9133741.19 0.00
5 ;+v'jf;ef 1553083.00 395694.00 1948777.00 26100.00 120569.00 146669.00 0.00 1802108.00 1802108.00 1802108.00 0.00
6 t]Xy'd 745081.01 293646.44 1038727.45 89000.00 128434.00 217434.00 0.00 821292.75 821292.75 821292.75 0.00
7 ef]hk'/ 420277.00 448944.00 869221.00 33000.00 417549.00 450549.00 0.00 418672.00 418672.00 418672.00 0.00
8 wgs'^f 451238.35 9681458.58 10132696.93 958492.91 5543294.32 6501787.23 0.00 3630909.70 3630909.70 3630909.70 0.00
9 ;'g;/L 18607559.23 18072707.80 36680267.03 9574212.00 4061414.00 13635626.00 0.00 23044641.03 23044641.03 23044641.03 0.00
10 df]/· 40001203.69 95558097.65 135559301.34 1452517.20 62612631.82 64065149.02 0.00 71494152.32 71494152.32 71494152.32 0.00
11 ;f]n'v'Da' 557810.85 625837.36 1183648.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1183648.21 1183648.21 1183648.21 0.00
12 vf]^f· 320039.81 159379.20 479419.01 0.00 304553.31 304553.31 0.00 174865.70 174865.70 174865.70 0.00
13 pbok'/ 9696708.06 25378178.56 35074886.62 20976282.27 5625895.73 26602178.00 0.00 8472708.62 8472708.62 8472708.62 0.00
14 cf]]vN('·f 468195.86 134556.00 602751.86 0.00 34000.00 34000.00 0.00 568751.86 568751.86 568751.86 0.00
15 ;Kt/L 3176099.64 1240062.77 4416162.41 372137.00 159261.71 531398.71 0.00 3884763.70 3884763.70 3293717.70 591046.00 lh= j= k} c ;= ;Kt/Ljf^ ;fk^L lkmtf{ x'g jfsL
16 l;/fxf 2966609.18 2825344.00 5791953.18 784514.00 1105771.00 1890285.00 0.00 3901668.18 3901668.18 3901668.18 0.00
17 wg'iff 6367235.42 637997.00 7005232.42 188830.00 306970.00 495800.00 0.00 6509432.42 6509432.42 6509432.42 0.00
18 dxf]Q/L 6077596.87 441461.08 6519057.95 12430.00 165437.12 177867.12 0.00 6341190.83 6341190.83 6256017.96 85172.87 ut ljut jif{sf] ;fk^L ePsf] egL b]vfPsf]

19 ;nf{xL 12810064.22 1637240.52 14447304.74 22475.00 738222.00 760697.00 0.00 13686607.74 13686607.74 13686607.74 0.00
20 l;Gw'nL 8194155.97 2710097.63 10904253.60 392543.00 210208.84 602751.84 0.00 10301501.76 10301501.76 10301501.76 0.00
21 /fd]]%fk 883990.97 935516.43 1819507.40 329000.00 166000.00 495000.00 0.00 1324507.40 1324507.40 1324507.40 0.00
22 bf]nvf 863984.39 468997.65 1332982.04 0.00 366100.00 366100.00 0.00 966882.04 966882.04 966882.04 0.00
23 l;Gw'kfNrf]s 1570751.67 1693805.00 3264556.67 206576.42 148250.00 354826.42 0.00 2909730.25 2909730.25 2909730.25 0.00
24 /;'jf 1104167.00 287938.42 1392105.42 0.00 541272.00 541272.00 0.00 850833.42 850833.42 850833.42 0.00
25 wflb· 2008795.62 4180883.06 6189678.68 239115.70 797235.19 1036350.89 0.00 5153327.79 5153327.79 5063386.99 89940.80 #f^ul$ ;f] e= x'g jfsL
26 g'jfsf]^ 3218557.92 1412117.49 4630675.41 238500.00 175403.41 413903.41 0.00 4216772.00 4216772.00 4216772.00 0.00
27 sf&df*f} 14677430.64 2058457.00 16735887.64 875023.26 268714.00 1143737.26 0.00 15592150.38 15592150.38 15592150.38 0.00
28 nlntk'/ 1552946.00 1983943.08 3536889.08 1268434.50 294202.00 1562636.50 0.00 1974252.58 1974252.58 1974252.58 0.00
29 eQmk'/ 2016453.76 368355.00 2384808.76 454255.50 189415.00 643670.50 0.00 1741138.26 1741138.26 1741138.26 0.00
30 sfe|] 1674591.06 2786074.00 4460665.06 529486.50 271072.50 800559.00 0.00 3660106.06 3660106.06 3660106.06 0.00
31 dsjfgk'/ 2752096.55 916525.00 3668621.55 134582.00 659000.00 793582.00 0.00 2875039.55 2875039.55 2875039.55 0.00
32 /f}tx^ 10366800.32 8295663.22 18662463.54 6872256.00 464381.00 7336637.00 0.00 11325826.54 11325826.54 10103388.74 1222437.80 ;fk^L lkmtf{ cfpg jfsL
33 jf/f 29389372.35 108467381.50 137856753.85 83419784.87 2313843.00 85733627.87 0.00 52123125.98 52123125.98 52123125.98 0.00
34 k;f{ 3173995.33 1761701.99 4935697.32 291712.60 1469999.79 1761712.39 0.00 3173984.93 3173984.93 3173984.93 0.00
35 lrtjg 7872864.93 2542307.00 10415171.93 389149.00 927350.00 1316499.00 0.00 9098672.93 9098672.93 9098672.93 0.00
36 gjnk/f;L 13560032.25 41217169.20 54777201.45 7349991.00 28516205.37 35866196.37 0.00 18911005.08 18911005.08 18796705.08 114300.00 v 6 sf] vr{ w/f}^L af^ eO{ sd df}Hbft b]vfPsf]
37 ?kGb]xL 4639317.35 6962500.00 11601817.35 875601.60 7735833.00 8611434.60 0.00 2990382.75 2990382.75 2923764.02 66618.73 cf= j=2025.026 b]lv g} a}s df}Hbt ? 66618.73 sd ePsf]
38 slkna:t' 11155100.36 7595789.71 18750890.07 0.00 6009082.00 6009082.00 0.00 12741808.07 12741808.07 12741808.07 0.00
39 c#f{vf“rL 4669939.00 425574.60 5095513.60 0.00 532689.00 532689.00 0.00 4562824.60 4562824.60 4562824.60 0.00

40 kfNkf 704707.00 1356132.00 2060839.00 283342.00 1423382.00 1706724.00 0.00 354115.00 354115.00 354115.00 0.00
41 u'NdL 866869.28 231742.45 1098611.73 0.00 323787.80 323787.80 0.00 774823.93 774823.93 774823.93 0.00
42 :of·hf 530993.62 132126.00 663119.62 0.00 284396.05 284396.05 0.00 378723.57 378723.57 378723.57 0.00
43 tgx' 3343207.42 10381410.00 13724617.42 10653164.00 231812.00 10884976.00 0.00 2839641.42 2839641.42 2839641.42 0.00
44 uf]/vf 1126997.14 2092440.00 3219437.14 0.00 485029.96 485029.96 0.00 2734407.18 2734407.18 2734407.18 0.00
45 dgf· 416353.00 199171.55 615524.55 0.00 331353.00 331353.00 0.00 284171.55 284171.55 284171.55 0.00
46 ndh'· 717594.78 103500.00 821094.78 0.00 60000.00 60000.00 0.00 761094.78 761094.78 761094.78 0.00
47 sf:sL 1133532.00 779631.00 1913163.00 42685.00 469468.00 512153.00 0.00 1401010.00 1401010.00 1401010.00 0.00
48 kj{t 824672.92 502678.00 1327350.92 169898.00 664989.00 834887.00 0.00 492463.92 492463.92 492463.92 0.00
49 afun'· 616993.85 323932.00 940925.85 11000.00 262365.49 273365.49 0.00 667560.36 667560.36 667560.36 0.00
50 DofUbL 1627747.55 419175.82 2046923.37 20500.00 356258.00 376758.00 0.00 1670165.37 1670165.37 1670165.37 0.00
51 d'u' 218159.22 141737.00 359896.22 0.00 5000.00 5000.00 0.00 354896.22 354896.22 354896.22 0.00
52 *f]Nkf 1082103.25 346643.44 1428746.69 0.00 192000.00 192000.00 0.00 1236746.69 1236746.69 1236746.69 0.00
53 x'Dnf 802644.00 617687.00 1420331.00 929923.00 58703.00 988626.00 0.00 431705.00 431705.00 431705.00 0.00
54 h'Dnf 1297198.82 1232399.00 2529597.82 0.00 849317.00 849317.00 0.00 1680280.82 1680280.82 1680280.82 0.00
55 sflnsf]^ 338587.18 105097.00 443684.18 0.00 156826.00 156826.00 0.00 286858.18 286858.18 286858.18 0.00
56 ?s'd 2569768.76 5247788.79 7817557.55 1407096.55 262440.00 1669536.55 0.00 6148021.00 6148021.00 6148021.00 0.00
57 /f]Nkf 1487621.29 1852445.75 3340067.04 28000.00 505412.20 533412.20 0.00 2806654.84 2806654.84 2806654.84 0.00
58 Ko'&fg 5716138.19 211489.20 5927627.39 0.00 55324.00 55324.00 0.00 5872303.39 5872303.39 5872303.39 0.00
59 bf· 12452558.53 7998714.60 20451273.13 695287.14 8732931.60 9428218.74 0.00 11023054.39 11023054.39 11023054.39 0.00
60 ;Nofg 2059559.49 5032541.94 7092101.43 0.00 4701209.49 4701209.49 0.00 2390891.94 2390891.94 2390891.94 0.00

61 af+s] 28501621.37 10454343.53 38955964.90 0.00 10001804.52 10001804.52 0.00 28954160.38 28954160.38 28907753.00 46407.38 ljut jif{ b]vL ;f] x'g jfsL =
62 alb{of 28270146.75 3879978.50 32150125.25 10407.25 3533191.75 3543599.00 0.00 28606526.25 28606526.25 28606526.25 0.00
63 ;'v]{t 5823227.77 14729145.07 20552372.84 248215.75 10917389.00 11165604.75 0.00 9386768.09 9386768.09 9386768.09 0.00
64 hfh/sf]^ 14741440.30 3199525.50 17940965.80 2246357.32 4858686.78 7105044.10 0.00 10835921.70 10835921.70 10835921.70 0.00
65 b}n]v 408924.78 179302.99 588227.77 0.00 230937.50 230937.50 0.00 357290.27 357290.27 357290.27 0.00
66 s}nfnL 21949807.67 8075035.33 30024843.00 13347560.98 5977348.00 19324908.98 0.00 10699934.02 10699934.02 10699934.02 0.00
67 *f]^L 2669228.74 2157374.25 4826602.99 458550.00 754315.00 1212865.00 0.00 3613737.99 3613737.99 3613737.99 0.00
68 c%fd 1306199.46 502702.57 1808902.03 241130.00 180394.44 421524.44 0.00 1387377.59 1387377.59 1387377.59 0.00
69 afh'/f 602700.12 438355.00 1041055.12 0.00 367363.00 367363.00 0.00 673692.12 673692.12 673692.12 0.00
70 aemf· 6670046.62 1657878.31 8327924.93 6649381.00 818931.20 7468312.20 0.00 859612.73 859612.73 859612.73 0.00
71 bfr'{nf 402279.31 529734.00 932013.31 0.00 280000.00 280000.00 0.00 652013.31 652013.31 652013.31 0.00
72 a}t*L 1125378.00 1399853.22 2525231.22 0.00 229737.00 229737.00 0.00 2295494.22 2295494.22 2295494.22 0.00
73 **]Nw'/f 661475165.26 14787591.50 676262756.76 25085.08 892842.65 917927.73 0.00 675344829.03 675344829.03 675344829.03 0.00
74 sGrgk'/ 7227215.63 7048878.13 14276093.76 456197.00 5526061.51 5982258.51 0.00 8293835.25 8293835.25 8293835.25 0.00
75 jg ljefu 1525519.37 690599.28 2216118.65 0.00 443324.00 443324.00 0.00 1772794.65 1772794.65 1772794.65 0.00
76 tf= s]= l^sf}nL 346799.21 366575.58 713374.79 0.00 178560.00 178560.00 534814.79 534814.79 534814.79 0.00
hDdf 1069914325.14 471601802.98 1541516128.12 180641743.42 201704232.64 382345976.06 1157658151.36 1157658151.36 1155442227.78 2215923.58
g]kfn ;/sf/
jg ljefu
lzif{sut /fh:jsf] cfly{s ljj/)f
cf= j= 2073.74
14155 14156 14312 14227 14212 15112 15111 14251 14224 14211 11455 14521 14151 14115 14311 14221 11413 11415 11311 14153
lhNnf jg
l;= g= hDdf
sfof{nox? jg If]qsf] cfout jg If]qsf] cfo sf& lnnfd ;fa{hlgs ;DkQL k/LIff gub s'n hDdf nut jfsL
jif{sf] o; jif{ /f]oN^L b)* hl/jfgf k|zf;lgs cfo laqmL a]?h' ut jif{sf] df}Hofb axfn af^ kf|Kt b:t'/ ljs|Ljf^ k|fKt k"jf{wf/ s/ cGo ;/sf/L ;DklQ s/ cGo lsfo af^ cfo b)* hl/jfgf hkmt b)* hl/jfgfGoflos d"=c=s/ a:t' laqmL d"=c=s/ ko{^g jflif{s ';Dklt s/ ('+uf afn'jf /f]oN^L
1 tfKn]h'· 0.00 369078.00 0.00 11000.00 380078.00 0.00 380078.00 0.00
2 kfry/ 0.00 80000.00 26000.00 63533.50 20117.00 189650.50 0.00 189650.50 0.00
3 O{nfd 755529.00 35114210.48 72000.00 161536.00 7283.00 7600.00 35362629.48 0.00 35362629.48 755529.00
4 emfkf 0.00 6692574.91 0.00 0.00 98200.00 0.00 744792.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 400.00 0.00 0.00 500.00 0.00 441865.00 7978332.41 0.00 7978332.41 3903369.97
5 ;+v'jf;ef 0.00 190553.00 28100.00 26959.58 245612.58 0.00 245612.58 0.00
6 t]x|y'd 0.00 65850.00 170775.00 16000.00 3986.00 21291.00 277902.00 0.00 277902.00 0.00
7 ef]hk'/ 0.00 131442.00 5000.00 23000.00 6400.00 52000.00 217842.00 0.00 217842.00 0.00
8 wgs'^f 0.00 969249.16 124600.00 44711.92 10000.00 1148561.08 0.00 1148561.08 0.00
9 ;'g;/L 0.00 16468738.00 173126.00 161000.00 1077387.33 500.00 7880.00 17888631.33 0.00 17888631.33 0.00
10 df]/· 993904.75 32890367.13 592149.25 612442.00 1788393.73 35883352.11 0.00 35883352.11 993904.75
11 ;f]n'v'Da' 0.00 124917.00 9000.00 151964.00 212665.00 1893259.00 2391805.00 0.00 2391805.00 0.00
12 vf]^f· 0.00 449824.66 10000.00 15000.00 366171.05 840995.71 0.00 840995.71 0.00
13 pbok'/ 0.00 46830722.11 760889.00 512810.00 156650.45 32100.00 131295.00 48424466.56 0.00 48424466.56 0.00
14 cf]]vN('·f 0.00 10600.00 0.00 0.00 12000.00 0.00 36438.78 0.00 0.00 3200.00 0.00 62238.78 0.00 62238.78 0.00
15 ;Kt/L 0.00 638522.90 185000.00 79000.00 492123.40 1394646.30 0.00 1394646.30 0.00
16 l;/fxf 0.00 471901.00 0.00 0.00 50.00 25225.00 260928.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10420.00 0.00 0.00 793948.00 1562472.00 0.00 1562472.00 0.00
17 wg'iff 0.00 670188.79 30000.00 665866.00 1366054.79 0.00 1366054.79 0.00
18 dxf]Q/L 0.00 2400499.00 1155500.00 44545.65 43000.00 597652.00 4241196.65 0.00 4241196.65 0.00
19 ;nf{xL 0.00 319369.00 66600.00 91251.00 757934.39 32475.00 1267629.39 0.00 1267629.39 0.00
14155 14156 14312 14227 14212 15112 15111 14251 14224 14211 11455 14521 14151 14115 14311 14221 11413 11415 11311 14153
lhNnf jg
l;= g= hDdf
20 l;Gw'nL 909918.02 23383458.81 1122949.74 61149.00 3300.00 46836.00 66000.00 24683693.55 0.00 24683693.55 909918.02
21 /fd]]%fk 0.00 96897.51 33000.00 280230.56 2100.00 412228.07 0.00 412228.07 0.00
22 bf]nvf 0.00 124599.21 0.00 32100.00 119005.20 50200.00 325904.41 0.00 325904.41 0.00
23 l;Gw'kfNrf]s 425700.00 174646.68 257765.42 0.00 15000.00 873112.10 0.00 873112.10 0.00
24 /;'jf 0.00 45797.00 10900.00 62172.00 25959.00 359221.20 504049.20 0.00 504049.20 0.00
25 wflb» 0.00 159123.15 22600.00 107371.50 208215.80 5000.00 24488.00 22793.00 549591.45 0.00 549591.45 0.00
26 g'jfsf]^ 0.00 327412.00 0.00 0.00 14000.00 0.00 138515.76 624000.00 1103927.76 0.00 1103927.76 0.00
27 sf&df*f} 3209030.31 942417.00 83280.00 719027.80 20000.00 40479.00 514399.00 2319602.80 0.00 2319602.80 3209030.31
28 nlntk'/ 1342095.50 15000.00 207134.49 13310.00 1577539.99 0.00 1577539.99 0.00
29 eQmk'/ 0.00 1414662.50 0.00 417090.90 23600.00 0.00 685276.88 265.00 2540895.28 0.00 2540895.28 0.00
30 sfe|] 0.00 273365.88 67600.00 171656.58 3500.00 359094.50 1735.00 876951.96 0.00 876951.96 0.00
31 dsjfgk'/ 7030698.17 7493860.07 52900.00 482509.36 8029269.43 0.00 8029269.43 7030698.17
32 /f}tx^ 12030765.00 14745205.00 49500.00 627224.57 15421929.57 0.00 15421929.57 12030765.00
33 jf/f 67314406.70 64428653.10 0.00 33600.00 708726.00 585569.37 53950.00 65810498.47 0.00 65810498.47 0.00
34 k;f{ 7746204.00 0.00 152000.00 570000.00 281528.60 1003528.60 0.00 1003528.60 7746204.00
35 lrtjg 3398004.50 83595242.66 363919.00 153000.00 445040.70 77633.00 84634835.36 0.00 84634835.36 3398004.50
36 gjnk/f;L 2625478.73 43224810.20 329570.00 703821.00 1209421.37 34800605.81 80268228.38 0.00 80268228.38 2625478.73
37 ?kGb]xL 370649.80 40389059.57 822135.40 337800.00 201000.00 328661.00 42078655.97 0.00 42078655.97 370649.80
38 slkna:t' 897108.23 16925198.00 446400.00 169670.25 122695.32 17663963.57 0.00 17663963.57 897108.23
39 c#f{vf“rL 0.00 3767876.20 11500.00 19186.00 324.00 3798886.20 0.00 3798886.20 0.00
40 kfNkf 3500.00 6319106.15 287842.00 38550.00 186692.30 159783.00 40000.00 7031973.45 0.00 7031973.45 3500.00
41 u'NdL 0.00 72120.00 15000.00 12000.00 15182.48 16945.00 131247.48 0.00 131247.48 0.00
42 :of·hf 0.00 86050.00 5000.00 103270.55 194320.55 0.00 194320.55 0.00
43 tgx' 0.00 18049175.40 15000.00 99800.00 50.00 665.00 18164690.40 0.00 18164690.40 0.00
14155 14156 14312 14227 14212 15112 15111 14251 14224 14211 11455 14521 14151 14115 14311 14221 11413 11415 11311 14153
lhNnf jg
l;= g= hDdf
44 uf]/vf 0.00 444653.90 47950.00 127382.37 62.00 620048.27 0.00 620048.27 0.00
45 dgf» 0.00 11200.00 3448.00 14648.00 0.00 14648.00 0.00
46 ndh'· 0.00 561566.00 18200.00 42264.16 622030.16 0.00 622030.16 0.00
47 sf:sL 0.00 1241995.73 5000.00 8500.00 157268.50 3560.00 1416324.23 0.00 1416324.23 0.00
48 kj{t 0.00 33005.00 15000.00 87219.24 169898.00 305122.24 0.00 305122.24 0.00
49 afun'· 0.00 275725.00 1000.00 6000.00 19500.00 302225.00 0.00 302225.00 0.00
50 DofUbL 0.00 106437.46 6350.00 31115.32 2823.20 5150.00 151875.98 0.00 151875.98 0.00
51 d'u' 0.00 2941385.00 0.00 25828.00 2967213.00 0.00 2967213.00 0.00
52 *f]Nkf 0.00 9918736.00 28600.00 0.00 0.00 9947336.00 0.00 9947336.00 0.00
53 x'Dnf 2439909.00 91900.00 291900.00 7662.00 2831371.00 0.00 2831371.00 0.00
54 h'Dnf 0.00 4929347.00 93000.00 165750.00 542434.05 18370.00 12000.00 326126.00 6087027.05 0.00 6087027.05 0.00
55 sflnsf]^ 0.00 694641.00 33000.00 3080.00 730721.00 0.00 730721.00 0.00
56 ?s'd 0.00 1403826.00 34000.00 965925.33 118696.44 6350.00 239389.44 2768187.21 0.00 2768187.21 0.00
57 /f]Nkf 0.00 1523165.00 62700.00 2066.00 12520.00 140811.00 25.00 1741287.00 0.00 1741287.00 0.00
58 Ko'&fg 0.00 1787568.50 22000.00 6408.37 25.00 1816001.87 0.00 1816001.87 0.00
59 bf· 0.00 18946449.26 348100.00 196544.00 195478.00 19686571.26 0.00 19686571.26 0.00
60 ;Nofg 0.00 4715168.90 651835.00 5367003.90 0.00 5367003.90 0.00
61 af+s] 0.00 14059385.52 126566.00 277410.00 3635556.15 28300.00 18127217.67 0.00 18127217.67 0.00
62 alb{of 0.00 4598290.00 15000.00 58600.00 558571.28 5230461.28 0.00 5230461.28 0.00
63 ;'v]{t 0.00 47894946.57 80857.60 330800.00 226681.59 152414.00 48685699.76 0.00 48685699.76 0.00
64 hfh/sf]^ 0.00 2128953.00 133684.82 62000.00 3400.00 2328037.82 0.00 2328037.82 0.00
65 b}n]v 0.00 1507883.53 79190.00 6000.00 1593073.53 0.00 1593073.53 0.00
66 s}nfnL 1533895.00 162740693.00 12374181.00 1053400.00 2000.00 497400.00 4041035.50 1230315.98 192.00 181939217.48 0.00 181939217.48 1533895.00
14155 14156 14312 14227 14212 15112 15111 14251 14224 14211 11455 14521 14151 14115 14311 14221 11413 11415 11311 14153
lhNnf jg
l;= g= hDdf
67 *f]^L 0.00 2383875.75 8176.00 35100.00 182126.50 220450.00 500.00 375277.00 3205505.25 0.00 3205505.25 0.00
68 c%fd 0.00 630671.00 43000.00 673671.00 0.00 673671.00 0.00
69 afh'/f 0.00 670716.00 5000.00 6000.00 248545.00 930261.00 0.00 930261.00 0.00
70 aemf» 0.00 10412300.00 10800.00 7868.40 400.00 10431368.40 0.00 10431368.40 0.00
71 bfr'{nf 994542.50 20000.00 24200.00 31727.43 10000.00 1080469.93 0.00 1080469.93 0.00
72 a}t*L 0.00 778320.00 122005.50 0.00 28000.00 42123.00 5000.00 179300.00 1154748.50 0.00 1154748.50 0.00
73 **]Nw'/f 0.00 3869658.00 39539.00 138258.00 16763.00 178083.80 114505.08 4356806.88 0.00 4356806.88 0.00
74 sGrgk'/ 0.00 83419957.60 528373.00 521500.00 270441.00 25.00 84740296.60 0.00 84740296.60 0.00
75 jg ljefu 0.00 241725.58 92342.85 1222200.00 15000.00 595484.20 864.24 2167616.87 0.00 2167616.87 0.00
76 tf= s]= l^sf}nL 250527.20 250527.20 0.00 250527.20 0.00
hDdf 108819092.21 860827188.85 122005.50 18488884.77 9716546.58 2053694.3 22648096 35637996 178083.8 17000 139005.2 213565.00 2809136.44 4600749.70 18870.00 4214527.48 2501577.73 12000.00 326126.00 239389.44 629150.00 965393593.01 0.00 965393593.01 108819092.21
Effu ^
ljleGg sfo{qmd;+u
;DalGwt kmf]6f]x?
jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
jg ljefu4f/f cfof]lht k|yd jg ;Daw{g /fli6«o sfo{zfnf uf]i7L, kmfu'g *–!), @)&# nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug'{ x'b} tTsflng jg
tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqL z+s/ e08f/L
jg ljefu4f/f cfof]lht k|yd jg ;Daw{g /fli6«o sfo{zfnf uf]i7L, kmfu'g *–!), @)&# df cfkgf] dGtJo /fVg' x'b} jg ljefusf]
dxflgb]{zs s[i0f k|;fb cfrfo{
jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
cltqmldt jgIf]q vfnL u/fO{ j[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ ub{}, d'lt{of, ;nf{xL
jgIf]q cltqmd0f u/L nufOPsf cGg, afnL Jfg sd{rf/L nufotsf 6f]nL¢f/f gi6 ul/b}, wflbª

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
Jf}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg nfu' eP kZrftsf] k'g?Tkfbg jgIf]q, df]/ª
jgIf]qdf Efmf8L ;kmfO{ ub{} ;fd'bflos jgsf pkef]Qmfx?, df]/ª

jg ljefu xfd|f] jg
j}1flgs jg Joj:yfkgsf af/]df ;fd'bflos jgsf pkef]Qmfx?n] hfgsf/L u/fpFb}, /fd]5fk
g;{/Ldf pTkflbt lj?jfsf] jg ljefu s]Gb|af6 cg'udg x'bF}, ;nf{xL

xfd|f] jg
jg ljefusf] aflif{s k|ltj]bg
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1593881065hamro Ban Report-20751

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1593881065hamro Ban Report-20751

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Figure 2: Institutional arrangement for getting ready for REDD+

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• C ap ac i t y , c ap ab i l i t y an d t e c h n ol ogy: REDD+ program need to be streamlined with overall

• G ove r n an c e an d ove r e xp e c t at i on : Governance, across the political, bureaucratic and community

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