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COURSE GUIDE 2ND CYCLE

MODULE IN SS5- WORLD HISTORY 1 2ND

YEAR BSED – SOCIAL STUDIES

Module 2: THE RISE AND FALL OF GREEK CITY-STATES AND ROMAN EMPIRE
Intended Learning Outcomes: At the end of this module, the student must have:
1. Explained the beginnings, development and fall of Greek City States and Roman Empire using timeline concept.
2. Identified the factors that cause the decline of the Greek and Roman World and its impact in today’s society. 3. Discussed the
contributions of Greek and Roman civilizations in the world using 2 minute video presentation.

A. Introduction
The civilization of Ancient Greece emerged into the light of world history in the 8th century BC. Normally it is regarded as coming to an end when
Greece fell to the Romans, in 146 BC. However, major Greek (or ―Hellenistic‖, as modern scholars call them) kingdoms lasted longer than this. As a culture
(as opposed to a political force), Greek civilization lasted longer still, continuing right to the end of the ancient world.
Philip of Macedon’s defeat of the Greek city-states is traditionally seen as drawing down the curtain on ―Classical Greece‖ and ushering in the
―Hellenistic Age―. This includes the conquests of Alexander the Great, and ends with the conquests of the different Hellenistic states by Rome (146-31
BC). The history of Ancient Greece falls into four major divisions. The Archaic period , when the civilization’s main features were evolving, lasted from the
8th to the 6th centuries BC. Classical Greece flourished during the 5th to 4th centuries BC. This was marked by the period of the Persian Wars (c. 510-479
BC), the Golden Age of Athens (c. 479-404 BC), and the later Classical era (404-338 BC).
Greek civilization had a powerful influence on the Roman civilization. Indeed, some modern scholars see the Roman era as a continuation of the
same civilization, which they label ―Graeco-Roman‖. In any case, the Roman conquest carried many features of Greek civilization to far-flung parts of the
Mediterranean world and Western Europe. Through the mediation of the Romans, therefore, Greek civilization came to be the founding culture of Western
civilization.
 Beginning in the eighth century B.C., Ancient Rome grew from a small town on central Italy’s Tiber River into an empire that at its peak
encompassed most of continental Europe, Britain, much of western Asia, northern Africa and the Mediterranean islands. Among the many legacies of
Roman dominance are the widespread use of the Romance languages (Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian) derived from Latin, the modern
Western alphabet and calendar and the emergence of Christianity as a major world religion. After 450 years as a republic, Rome became an empire in the
wake of Julius Caesar’s rise and fall in the first century B.C. The long and triumphant reign of its first emperor, Augustus, began a golden age of peace and
prosperity; by contrast, the Roman Empire’s decline and fall by the fifth century A.D. was one of the most dramatic implosions in the history of human
civilization.

B. Activities
Activity A:
Deepen your understanding for the following statement. Answer it comprehensively.
1. What are the factors that cause the decline of the Greek and Roman World and its impact in today’s society?
The conflict and competition between city-states broke down a sense of community in Greece and the constant war divided the Greek city-states into
shifting alliances and it was also very costly to all the citizens. There was also an increasing tension and conflict between the ruling aristocracy and
the poorer classes. Moreover, the neighboring states were increasing in power and were more unified than the city states of Greece as well as Philip
of Macedonia, to the north of Greece, had a strong military and a unified monarchy which gave him the power to eventually conquer the Greek city-
states (338 BCE). The Germanic tribes of Northern Europe (e.g., Visigoths and Ostrogoths) became strong military forces and attacked the Empire,
conquering Rome in 456 and eventually the Empire became a dictatorship and the people were less involved in government and Rome’s army
became too large; the hired soldiers (mercenaries) in Roman armies were not Romans and not loyal to Rome. Inheritance of the title of Emperor was
unstable; this led to power struggles, violence, and insecurity also the spread of Christianity divided the Empire and caused many people under
Roman rule to reject traditional Roman culture. The Greeks made important contributions to the world such as; philosophy, mathematics, astronomy,
and medicine. Literature and theatre were an important aspect of Greek culture and influenced modern drama. Greek culture influenced the Roman
Empire and many other civilizations, and it continues to influence modern cultures today and Romans pioneered advances in many areas of science
and technology, establishing tools and methods that have ultimately shaped the way the world does certain things. The Romans extremely adopted
engineers and they understood the laws of physics well enough to develop aqueducts and better ways to aid water flow.
2. How these phenomena largely change and affect the world in its origin, surviving history, experience and cultural-generated movement of people
and societies?
The phenomena that Romans and Greeks experience in the past give enlightenment to each and every one on how it started and created. Their
history molds the modern world and somehow it imparted and contribute many things that give rise to the advancement of society. The
development and innovation they made is constantly expanding in today’s generation. The bloodshed and conflict they made in every combat in the
field indicates their testimonies and strengthens the people in the modern world and makes them more united and the war in the past symbolizes
peace today in both parties as well to the entire world. The culture they pass on to the world is still flourishing and valuable, it shows multifold
beautification on how artistic, inventive, and creative they are.
 ________________________
________________________
________________________
30 B.C

________________________
End of Greece

________________________ Decline/Fall of Greek

Period

________________________ Civilization
________________________ ________________________
________________________ ________________________
________________________ ________________________
Classical Age ________________________
338 B.C

________________________
Using the timeline and guide questions supply information/data that explain the development and fall of Greek City-States.

________________________
________________________
Hellenistic
Period

________________________
____________________ __
______________________
______________________
______________________
________________________
______________________
________________________
______________________
________________________
______________________
540 B .C

________________________
Classical
Period

Lyric Age ________________________

________________________
________________________
________________________
Time of Ancient Greek Civilization

________________________
______________________
________________________
______________________
Greek City-States: Timeline concept of Development and Fall of Greek City-States.

______________________ Hellenistic Civilization

3 00 B .C
Lyric Age
“Archaic

______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
Dorian Civilization
―Iron Age‖
Dorian

11 00 B .C

_____________________ _
______________________
______________________
___________ ___________
______________________
______________________
Mycenean
Age

Mycenean Civilization
1500 B .C
______________________

2500 B .C
______________________
Bronze Age ‖
_______ _______________
Minoan Age
__________________ ____
__________________ ____
Activity B:
_____________________

―
Minoan Civilization
The Minoans built a large civilization on the island of Crete that flourished from around 2600 BC to 1400 BC. They
built a powerful and long-lasting civilization based on a strong navy and trade throughout the Mediterranean Sea.
The Minoans lived on the Greek islands and built a huge palace on the island of Crete.

The Mycenaeans developed on mainland Greece and ruled the region from around 1600 BC to 1100 BC. They are
sometimes called the first Greeks because they were the first to speak the Greek language. Their largest city was
called Mycenae, which gives the culture its name. Mycenae was a large city that had a population of around
30,000 people at its peak. There were other Mycenaean cities that grew into major city-states during the height of
Ancient Greece such as Thebes and Athens.

The Mycenaean civilization of Greece soon was replaced by the Dorian civilization after the Dorian invasion. The
invasion marked the end of Ancient Greece and the beginnings of the Dark Ages of Greece, better known as its
Golden Age. In about 1100 BCE, ancient Greek records told of a people from the North who invaded the
Peloponnesus. They spoke Greek and they soon replaced all of the Mycenaean civilization. The Dark Age of
Greece (1100-700 BCE)

Lyric Age, a name derived from the dominant form of literature in the day. While long heroic epics predominated
as the principal form of narrative entertainment in earlier days, by the middle of pre-classical times (ca. 650 BCE) a
new kind of poetry began to spread across the Greek world. These poems were shorter, livelier, and focused on
modern life and love, not the glorious past. Because the singers of these poems often accompanied themselves on
the lyre—the lyre is a stringed musical instrument which could be plucked to create certain harmonies—this sort of
poetry came to be known as lyric poetry.

The Classical Period (500-336 BC) The Classical Period of ancient Greece was a time when the Greeks achieved
new heights in art, architecture, theater, and philosophy. Democracy in Athens was refined under the leadership of
Pericles. The Classical Period began with the Greek victory over the Persians and a new feeling of self-confidence
in the Greek world. Athens was governed by democracy and great philosophers like Socrates and Plato arose.
Also, the wars between Sparta and Athens were during this time.

The Hellenistic period covers the period of Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323
BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the conquest of
Ptolemaic Egypt the following year. During this period, sculptors pursued and perfected naturalism—an artistic
interest that Greek artists had been developing over hundreds of years. At this time, sculptors adapted Classical
techniques to render realistic figures.
 The Greeks started to see Rome as a threat. In 215 BC, parts of Greece allied with Carthage against Rome. Rome
declared war on Macedonia (northern Greece). They defeated Macedonia at the Battle of Cynoscephalae in 197 BC
and then again at the Battle of Pydna in 168 BC.The Greeks were finally defeated at the Battle of Corinth in 146
BC. Rome completely destroyed and plundered the city of Corinth as an example to other Greek cities. From this
point on Greece was ruled by Rome. Despite being ruled by Rome, much of the Greek culture remained the same
and had a heavy influence on Roman culture.

Activity C:
Roman: Using the guide questions and picture below discuss how Egyptians Civilization ruled the world using a graphic organizer.

Timeline of Ancient Roman Civilization

Founding of Rome Rome becomes Punic War Period of Jesus Roman Storm Hadrian Period Constantine
Republic Christ Jerusalem Period
__________ _____ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________
___ ____ __ _ _

753 B.C 509 B.C 146 B.C 26- 29 A .D 70 A.D 120 A .D 313 A .D

Period of Augustus Grandeur of Roman Marcus Aurelius Period

Period and Decline of Rome
________________
________________ __________________ ____________________
________________ __________________ ____________________
__________________ ________ ____________
Ancient Rome was founded by the two brothers, and demigods, Romulus and Remus, on 21 April 753 BCE. The
legend claims that in an argument over who would rule the city (or, in another version, where the city would be
located) Romulus killed Remus and named the city after himself.

The Roman Republic was installed after the Roman kingdom was overthrown in 509BC and lasted until 27BC. ... A
number of important events took place at the end of the Roman Kingdom and the beginning of the Roman
Republic. In 509 BC, King Lucius Tarquinius Superbus was overthrown by the noblemen of Rome.

In 146 BC, the Romans finally defeated and destroyed their main rival in the Mediterranean, Carthage, and spent
the following months in provoking the Greeks, aiming for a final battle that would also strengthen their hold in this
area. Cassius Dio reported that it was the Achaeans (Greeks) who began the quarrel.

Jesus (c. 4 BC-AD 26 / 29), also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth or Jesus Christ, was a first-century Jewish
preacher and religious leader. He is the central figure of Christianity, the world's largest religion. Most Christians
believe he is the incarnation of God the Son and the awaited Messiah (the Christ) prophesied in the Old
Testament.
In April 70 AD, about the time of Passover, the Roman general Titus besieged Jerusalem. Since that action
coincided with Passover, the Romans allowed pilgrims to enter the city but refused to let them leave—thus
strategically depleting food and water supplies within Jerusalem. An allegorical depiction of the destruction of
Jerusalem, dramatically centered on the figure of the High Priest, with Titus entering from the right. The Siege and
Destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans Under the Command of Titus.

Emperor Hadrian ruled over the Roman Empire from 117-138 AD. He was selected and adopted by the previous
emperor, Trajan, so that he could inherit the Empire. Hadrian strengthened the Empire's borders with projects like
Hadrian's Wall, which solidified the border in Northern Britain. The Temple of Venus and Roma was the largest
temple ever built in the Roman Empire. Hadrian cared for his people, spent Rome's money well, and strengthened
the Empire. For all these reasons and more, he is remembered as one of the Five Good Emperors.

Constantine was the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity. He played an influential role in the proclamation
of the Edict of Milan in 313, which declared tolerance for Christianity in the Roman Empire. Edict of Milan, a
proclamation that permanently established religious toleration for Christianity within the Roman Empire. It was the
outcome of a political agreement concluded in Mediolanum (modern Milan) between the Roman emperors
Constantine I and Licinius in February 313.
 As Rome's first emperor, Octavian (Augustus Caesar) (63 B.C.–A.D. 14) is best known for initiating the Pax Romana,
a largely peaceful period of two centuries in which Rome imposed order on a world long convulsed by conflict. His
rise to power, however, was anything but peaceful.

Period of Rome's grandeur Rome attained the height of grandeur during five good emperors There was economic
prosperity more field crops, sheep, and cattle increased. roman commerce extended to the far ends Good
government, honest officials looked for people's welfare. Ruled by emperors of integrity and dedication. Social life
was in full bloom. Aqueducts, roads, basilicas, temples, schools, theatres, country homes were built. Period of pax
roman all nation enjoys peace, no civil wars, bloody feud, or mob riots. Safe travel sea or land.

The decline of the roman empire and the Fall of Rome Death of emperor Marcus Aurelius in 180 A.D. marked the
beginning of Rome's decline breakdown of Pax Romana, the decay of Roman power, the fading culture, weakening
of the government, economic retrogression, deterioration of Roman military power. Fall of Rome 476 A.D. by the 3rd
century the empire was close because of the factors mentioned above.
C. Analysis
Activity A
What caused the rise and fall of Greek Civilization?
The geography, economy, government, and more all allowed Greece to begin prospering at a fast rate. The city-states were heavily relying on
trading for food, and early Athens recorded around 80% of the population working on agriculture at one time. Macedon, a kingdom in upper Greece
led by king Philip II, began taking over other city-states and expanding their empire. After the assassination of Philip in the year 336 BC, his son
Alexander III took the throne. He eventually expanded Greece to be from Egypt to India. His expansion greatly increased the size and power of
Greece, leading it to be one of the most powerful civilizations at the time. Alexander the Great led to the rise of Greece but also weakened the
empire, which led to the fall of Greece. After he expanded the empire, he died. His death in 323 BC led to the dispute of power because his son
wasn’t born yet. These disputes caused internal fighting, which the Romans noticed. Greece began to internally fall apart.

Why is ancient Greece Civilization important to modern world?

The ancient Greeks created the world's first democracy. Athens started out with a monarchy and then advanced to an oligarchy until it finally
reached a democracy. The democratic government consisted of 6,000 assembly members, all of whom were adult male citizens. The assembly voted
on issues throughout Athens. The Greeks made important contributions to philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. The Greeks were
known for their sophisticated sculpture and architecture. Greek culture influenced the Roman Empire and many other civilizations, and it continues to
influence modern cultures today.

Activity B
What caused the rise and fall of Roman Civilization?
 The reign of the Roman empire began in 27 BC with the first Roman emperor, Augustus Caesar. He was known for restoring the republic of Rome
and bringing peace to the era, listed as one of the greatest emperors to rule. During his reign, he instituted various social reforms, won numerous
military victories, and allowed Roman literature, art, architecture, and religion to flourish. His popularity continued even after his death, with the
Senate elevating Augustus’ status to that of god, beginning a long-running tradition of apotheosis for popular emperors. There were many emperors
who followed Augustus, some good, some bad. The empire was used to having a strong and capable military, but its decline in success resulted in
less land, and more vulnerability. Looting and slavery was also a key factor that supported the empire, with Rome’s economy heavily reliant on
salves. With new laws banning slavery, an increase in unemployment and government distributions arose. The slow rise of the new religion
Christianity also threatened Roman society. Government corruption, political dispute, and power struggle all weakened the empire. The
continuous death and replacement of the emperor caused haphazard leading, with a continuous conflict between the Emperor and the Senate.
Although these issues on their own could have been resolved, all events taking place at similar times cause the empire to slowly crumble. Rome
eventually collapsed under its own bloated empire, losing its provinces one by one.

Why is ancient Roman Civilization important to modern world?

The glorious history of ancient Rome holds a collection of the most fascinating ideas that were once revolutionary and that we still use today. Rome
is ingrained in our political, cultural, and literary traditions. Many aspects of today's society have been affected by ancient Rome. Creation of law,
development of democratic government practices, influences in language, literature, art, infrastructure, and city-planning are all areas where the
influences of roman ideas can be seen. One important area of influence was Roman law. The first law code in Roman history was the Law of the
Twelve Tables, the precursor to the development of Roman law. Roman law developed the division between public law, in which the state is directly
involved, such as with issues of treason and taxation, and private law, concerned with disputes between people, such as over contracts. This system
was the basis for what is now known in the West as Civil law. The legacy of Rome has clearly left lasting impacts on numerous aspects of modern
society.

D. Abstraction
The Birth of the City-State: During the so-called ―Greek Dark Ages‖ before the Archaic period, people lived scattered throughout Greece in
small farming villages. As they grew larger, these villages began to evolve. Some built walls. Most built a marketplace (an agora) and a community
meeting place. They developed governments and organized their citizens according to some sort of constitution or set of laws. They raised armies
and collected taxes. And every one of these city-states (known as poleis) was said to be protected by a particular god or goddess, to whom the
citizens of the polis owed a great deal of reverence, respect and sacrifice.
Though their citizens had in common what Herodotus called ―the same stock and the same speech, our shared temples of the gods and
religious rituals, our similar customs,‖ every Greek city-state was different. The largest, Sparta, controlled about 300 square miles of territory; the
smallest had just a few hundred people. However, by the dawn of the Archaic period in the seventh century B.C., the city-states had developed a
number of common characteristics. They all had economies that were based on agriculture, not trade: For this reason, land was every city-state’s
most valuable resource. Also, most had overthrown their hereditary kings, or basileus, and were ruled by a small number of wealthy aristocrats.
Colonization: Emigration was one way to relieve some of this tension. Land was the most important source of wealth in the city-states; it was
also, obviously, in finite supply. The pressure of population growth pushed many men away from their home poleis and into sparsely populated areas
around Greece and the Aegean. Between 750 B.C. and 600 B.C., Greek colonies sprang up from the Mediterranean to Asia Minor, from North Africa
to the coast of the Black Sea. By the end of the seventh century B.C., there were more than 1,500 colonial poleis.
The Rise of the Tyrants: As time passed and their populations grew, many of these agricultural city-states began to produce consumer goods
such as pottery, cloth, wine and metalwork. Trade in these goods made some people—usually not members of the old aristocracy—very wealthy.
These people resented the unchecked power of the oligarchs and banded together, sometimes with the aid of heavily-armed soldiers called hoplites,
to put new leaders in charge.
Archaic Renaissance: The colonial migrations of the Archaic period had an important effect on its art and literature: They spread Greek styles
far and wide and encouraged people from all over to participate in the era’s creative revolutions. The epic poet Homer, from Ionia, produced his
―Iliad‖ and ―Odyssey‖ during the Archaic period. Sculptors created kouroi and korai, carefully proportioned human figures that served as memorials
to the dead. Scientists and mathematicians made progress too: Anaximandros devised a theory of gravity; Xenophanes wrote about his discovery of
fossils and Pythagoras of Kroton discovered his famous Pythagorean Theorem.
Acropolis of Athens is one of the most famous ancient archaeological sites in the world. Located on a limestone hill high above Athens,
Greece, the Acropolis has been inhabited since prehistoric times. Over the centuries, the Acropolis was many things: a home to kings, a citadel, a
mythical home of the gods, a religious center and a tourist attraction. It has withstood bombardment, massive earthquakes and vandalism yet still
stands as a reminder of the rich history of Greece. Today, it is a cultural UNESCO World Heritage site and home to several temples, the most famous
of which is the Parthenon.
The term ―classical Greece‖ refers to the period between the Persian Wars at the beginning of the fifth century B.C. and the death of
Alexander the Great in 323 B.C. The classical period was an era of war and conflict—first between the Greeks and the Persians, then between the
Athenians and the Spartans—but it was also an era of unprecedented political and cultural achievement. Besides the Parthenon and Greek tragedy,
classical Greece brought us the historian Herodotus, the physician Hippokrates and the philosopher Socrates. It also brought us the political reforms
that are ancient Greece’s most enduring contribution to the modern world: the system known as demokratia, or ―rule by the people.‖
In the year 507 B.C., the Athenian leader Cleisthenes introduced a system of political reforms that he called demokratia, or ―rule by the
people‖ (from demos, ―the people,‖ and kratos, or ―power‖). It was the first known democracy in the world. This system was comprised of three
separate institutions: the ekklesia, a sovereign governing body that wrote laws and dictated foreign policy; the boule, a council of representatives
from the ten Athenian tribes and the dikasteria, the popular courts in which citizens argued cases before a group of lottery-selected jurors. Although
this Athenian democracy would survive for only two centuries, its invention by Cleisthenes, ―The Father of Democracy,‖ was one of ancient Greece’s
most enduring contributions to the modern world. The Greek system of direct democracy would pave the way for representative democracies across
the globe.

Rome was founded around 625 BC in the areas of ancient Italy known as Etruria and Latium. It is thought that the city-state of Rome was
initially formed by Latium villagers joining together with settlers from the surrounding hills in response to an Etruscan invasion. It is unclear whether
they came together in defense or as a result of being brought under Etruscan rule. Archaeological evidence indicates that a great deal of change and
unification took place around 600 BC which likely led to the establishment of Rome as a true city.
The first period in Roman history is known as the Period of Kings, and it lasted from Rome’s founding until 510 BC. During this brief time
Rome, led by no fewer than six kings, advanced both militaristically and economically with increases in physical boundaries, military might, and
 production and trade of goods including oil lamps. Politically, this period saw the early formation of the Roman constitution. The end of the Period of
Kings came with the decline of Etruscan power, thus ushering in Rome’s Republican Period.
Rome entered its Republican Period in 510 BC. No longer ruled by kings, the Romans established a new form of government whereby the
upper classes ruled, namely the senators and the equestrians, or knights. However, a dictator could be nominated in times of crisis. In 451 BC, the
Romans established the ―Twelve Tables,‖ a standardized code of laws meant for public, private, and political matter
Rome continued to expand through the Republican Period and gained control over the entire Italian peninsula by 338 BC. It was the Punic
Wars from 264-146 BC, along with some conflicts with Greece that allowed Rome to take control of Carthage and Corinth and thus become the
dominant maritime power in the Mediterranean. Soon after, Rome’s political atmosphere pushed the Republic into a period of chaos and civil war.
This led to the election of a dictator, L. Cornelius Sulla, who served from 82-80 BC. Following Sulla’s resignation in 79 BC, the Republic returned to a
state of unrest. While Rome continued to be governed as a Republic for another 50 years, the shift to Imperialism began to materialize in 60 BC
when Julius Caesar rose to power. By 51 BC, Julius Caesar had conquered Celtic Gaul and, for the first time, Rome’s borders had spread beyond the
Mediterranean region. Although the Senate was still Rome’s governing body, its power was weakening. Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 BC and
replaced by his heir, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (Octavian) who ruled alongside Mark Antony. In 31 BC Rome overtook Egypt which resulted in
the death of Mark Antony and left Octavian as the unchallenged ruler of Rome. Octavian assumed the title of Augustus and thus became the first
emperor of Rome.
E. Application
Create 2 minute documentary that discusses the contributions of Greek and Roman civilizations in the world. This graded based on the given rubrics.

2 Minute Documentary

Beginning Developing Accomplished Distinguished

8 12 16 20
Portions may be poorly
Organization – Fairly well documented and Program shows a continuous
documented and/or organized.
Difficult to follow. Poor quality organized. Format is easy to progression of ideas and tells a
Hard to follow the progressions
Is your project presented in shows poor effort. follow. Good explanation complete, easily followed story.
of the video. Explanation shows
some organized manner? shows good effort. Well organized.
some effort.
Intro, Outro, and Credits – Does The video either has an intro or The video has an intro and an The video has an intro and an Intro and outro add to the high
your video begin and end with and outro. The intro/outro is of outro and it is of moderate outro. It is consistent with the level attained by this video.
information to help focus the low quality. The video does not quality. Credits/citations may rest of the video. Credits/citations are given to
viewer’s attention. use credits/citations at all. or may not be present. Credit/citations is given to appropriate sources.
appropriate sources.

Information –Does your video Project’s usefulness is in Project has problems staying Video is focused on an Video is laser focused on the
stay focused on an informative question. Does not inform; does focused on topic. Information is informative topic. Video makes topic. The topic is very easy to
 topic? Does your video provide incoherent at times. The video understanding the topic fairly understand. The video
easy to understand information? not stay focused on the topic. shows a shallow depth of accessible and easy. Video demonstrates an obvious depth
Does your video demonstrate No court case/primary knowledge on the topic. demonstrates a depth of of knowledge on the topic.
the depth of knowledge of the document used in Project is researched to a knowledge on the topic. Student went beyond the scope
presenter? It must include at presentation fair degree. Only one court Project is well researched. of the assignment and the hard
least one case/primary source used Only one court work shows. Excellent, well
court case or one excerpt and it was questionably used case/primary document thought out explanation
from a primary source!! or cited. semi-appropriately used. shows superior effort. More
than one court case/primary
document appropriately
used.
Creativity & Elements of Use of elements detracts from
Minimal use of design elements. Good use of graphics and/or Excellent sense of design.
Design – Is your video video. Too many or too gaudy
No transitions. Sound is lacking other design elements. Some Effective camera techniques
interesting? Did your choice of graphics; transitions, too many
or inappropriate or scratchy. transitions are inappropriately used for the video and pictures.
elements such as film clips, clips, backgrounds and/or
Some pictures or video clips placed. Sound quality is OK. Video and pictures are in focus
pictures, colors, backgrounds, sounds detract from content.
may be out of focus or ―shaky‖. Video clips or pictures are clear and of good quality. Smooth
and transitions enhance the Pictures or video clips may be
Some screens do not change and in focus. Images or camera transitions are appropriate and
project? Eye-catching colors and out of focus or ―shaky‖. One
angles/colors/words very angles change every 7 seconds aid in delivery of the
change of image/camera angles image on screen for an
frequently. or so. presentation.
every few second? elongated period of time.
The audio or video is garbled
The audio and/or video effects The audio and video effects are
Music/Sound Effects/Voice – and hard to decipher. Too Audio/video effects flow
are of moderate quality. Some of acceptable quality. There
Does the audio flow well? much background interference exceeding well and are of high
background noises not related are few distracting aspects to
Is it of high quality? and/or the video is of low quality.
to the presentation are heard. the audio/video.
quality.

F. Evaluation
Part I: Matching Vocabulary:
Direction: Choose the correct answer inside the box. Write your answer before the number, letter only.

a) Agora b) City-State c) Epic d) Comedy e) Mortal

A 1. A public market and meeting place in ancient Athens

2. A type of play that was funny or humorous
D

E
 3. Humans were considered these because they would eventually die
4. Long poems that involved heroes
5. A town which acts as a small independent nation

a) Acropolis b) Tragedy c) Alexander the Great d) Parthenon e) Democracy

B 6. A serious play
7. This Macedonian leader who conquered Greece
C 8. A fortress on the hills of Athens that included the Parthenon.
9. The best example of Greek architecture, a temple built to honor Athena
A 10. A form of government in which people govern themselves (rule by the people)

Part II: Multiple Choice: Choose the correct answer in the given statement. Encircle the correct answer.
A 1. During times of emergency in the Roman Republic, a leader could be appointed for six months to rule with absolute control. This leader was called
a?
A. Dictator B. Tribune C. Tyrant D. Consul
2. The plebeians were only able to elect tribunes after they did what?
A
A. Stated a formal complaint with the Magistrates
B. Seceded from the city
C. Beat them in the Colosseum
D. Build proper aqueducts
3. What were some of the reasons for the fall of Rome?
D A. weak leaders who wanted too much power
B. high taxes and inflation
C. invaders attacking from outside the empire
D. all of the above
4. How were gladiator fights different from today’s professional sports?
A. gladiator fights were much deadlier
A B. gladiator fights were less popular
C. gladiator fights took place in secret
D. no one was allowed to bet money on gladiator fights
5. What means ―Roman Peace‖ in Latin?
 A. Veto B. Quod erat demonstrandum C. Veritas D. Pax Romana
6. During the Golden Age of Greece, Athenians made great achievements in which of the following areas?
A. The Arts and Architecture C. Theatre and Plays
B. Math and Science D. All of the above
7. What were women not allowed to do in Sparta that women could do in Athens?
A. Wear jewelry and fine clothes C. Train, wrestle and exercise B. Own a business D. Step outside of
their houses
A 8. . What type of government did Sparta have where a few rich families ruled?
A. Oligarchy C. Democracy
B. Republic D. Monarchy
9. How was the Greek city states divided? A. they were divided by their language
D
B. they were divided by their jobs
C. they worshipped the same Gods
D. they were divided by geographic barriers like mountains and rivers
B 10. Why were the Greek myths important?
A. They explained the coming of the Dark Ages in ancient Greece
B. They explained the creation of the universe and events in nature
C. They told the adventures of real people
D. They explained the coming of the Roman Empire

Part III: Short Answer and Extended Response. Answer in complete sentences.
1. Why was Athens’ democracy not a true democracy? (5 points)
Athens is not a full democracy because women and slaves could not have voted. Unlike in today’s government, democracy is a rule of the majority in
which the supreme power is vested in the people including women and not in accordance with people’s status, level, or rank. It exercised by people
directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections. Athenian democracy could probably be
more accurately described as an oligarchy, where only a few people have the democratic right to vote.

2. How did the Romans influence our government?

Roman law had a significant influence over the modern-day laws of many countries. Legal ideas like trial by jury, civil rights, contracts, personal
property, legal wills, and corporations all were influenced by Roman law. Rome contributed to democracy by creating a government where the
people ruled. While Rome was a republic and not a democracy, the Romans established the framework for future democratic governments. Rome
had senators and tribunes elected by the people to represent their interests.
 Prepared by:

EDUARDO D. QUIDTA JR., M.A.Ed, M.Ed

Part Time Instructor