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    Hypermagnesemia Handouts Group 9

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    Risha Ethel Berondo
    Hypermagnesemia occurs when serum magnesium levels rise above 2.5 mEq/L. Excess magnesium intake from medications like antacids or impaired renal excretion can cause hypermagnesemia. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, neurological issues, low blood pressure, and flushing. Blood tests are used to diagnose hypermagnesemia by measuring magnesium levels, with levels over 12 mg/dL posing serious health risks. Treatment focuses on circulatory and respiratory support, calcium administration, diuretics, and dialysis in severe cases. Nurses monitor patients and prevent further magnesium intake.

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    Hypermagnesemia Handouts Group 9

    Uploaded by

    Risha Ethel Berondo
    112 views3 pages
    Hypermagnesemia occurs when serum magnesium levels rise above 2.5 mEq/L. Excess magnesium intake from medications like antacids or impaired renal excretion can cause hypermagnesemia. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, neurological issues, low blood pressure, and flushing. Blood tests are used to diagnose hypermagnesemia by measuring magnesium levels, with levels over 12 mg/dL posing serious health risks. Treatment focuses on circulatory and respiratory support, calcium administration, diuretics, and dialysis in severe cases. Nurses monitor patients and prevent further magnesium intake.

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    Hypermagnesemia occurs when serum magnesium levels rise above 2.5 mEq/L. Excess magnesium intake from medications like antacids or impaired renal excretion can cause hypermagnesemia. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, neurological issues, low blood pressure, and flushing. Blood tests are used to diagnose hypermagnesemia by measuring magnesium levels, with levels over 12 mg/dL posing serious health risks. Treatment focuses on circulatory and respiratory support, calcium administration, diuretics, and dialysis in severe cases. Nurses monitor patients and prevent further magnesium intake.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    112 views3 pages

    Hypermagnesemia Handouts Group 9

    Uploaded by

    Risha Ethel Berondo
    Hypermagnesemia occurs when serum magnesium levels rise above 2.5 mEq/L. Excess magnesium intake from medications like antacids or impaired renal excretion can cause hypermagnesemia. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, neurological issues, low blood pressure, and flushing. Blood tests are used to diagnose hypermagnesemia by measuring magnesium levels, with levels over 12 mg/dL posing serious health risks. Treatment focuses on circulatory and respiratory support, calcium administration, diuretics, and dialysis in severe cases. Nurses monitor patients and prevent further magnesium intake.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Some key takeaways about hypermagnesemia are that it occurs when magnesium levels in the blood rise above normal, common causes include impaired excretion, excessive intake, and medications. Symptoms range from mild like nausea and flushing to more severe like neurological impairment and low blood pressure.

    Some causes of hypermagnesemia include impaired kidney function, excessive use of magnesium-containing laxatives or antacids, burns, tumor lysis syndrome, and certain medical conditions or medications.

    Symptoms of hypermagnesemia include nausea, vomiting, neurological impairment, low blood pressure, flushing, and headache. More severe cases can impact the heart, lungs, and cause extreme fatigue.

    HYPERMAGNESEMIA

    (Group 9: Abulkhair, Baulo, Dimalna)

    Magnesium
    • The most abundant cation in intracellular fluid
    • The bones contain about 60% of the body’s magnesium; extracellular fluid contains less than
    1%. Intracellular fluid holds the rest.

     Importance of Magnesium in our Body

    • Promotes enzyme reactions within the cell during carbohydrate metabolism


    • Helps the body produce and use ATP for energy
    • Takes part in DNA and protein synthesis
    • Influences vasodilation and irritability and contractility of the cardiac muscles, thereby helping
    the cardiovascular system function normally
    • Aids in neurotransmission and hormone-receptor binding
    • Makes the production of PTH possible
    • Helps sodium and potassium ions cross the cell membrane

    DEFINITION

    Hypermagnesemia
    • Occurs when the body’s serum magnesium level rises above 2.5 mEq/L.
    • Its main cause are impaired magnesium excretion and excessive magnesium intake.
    • Magnesium buildup is common in patients with renal failure who use magnesium-containing
    antacids or laxatives.

    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

    • Excess laxative • Adrenal


    use insufficiency
    • Excess antacid • Rhabdomyo • Primary
    use -lysis • Chronic hyperparathyro • Lithium
    • Ingestion of • Early-stage kidney -idism • Antacids
    Epsom salts burns disease • Diabetic • “Milk of
    • Magnesium • Tumor lysis ketoacidosis Magnesia”
    enema syndrome • Hypothyroidism • Theophylline
    • Iatrogenic • Acidosis • HELIX syndrome
    (Parenteral • Extracellular • Familial
    infusion) fluid deficit hypocalciuria
    • GI disease hypercalcemia

    Increased Cellular Shifts Reduced Metabolic Medications


    intake/absorption Excretion Conditions

    HYPERMAGNESEMIA
    SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

    The symptoms of hypermagnesemia include:

    • Nausea
    • Vomiting
    • Neurological impairment
    • Abnormally low blood pressure (hypotension)
    • Flushing
    • Headache

    DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

    Hypermagnesemia is diagnosed using a blood test. The level of magnesium found in the blood
    indicates the severity of the condition.

    A normal level of magnesium is between 1.7 and 2.3 mg/dL. Anything above this and up to around 7
    mg/dL can cause mild symptoms, including flushing, nausea, and headache.

    Magnesium levels between 7 and 12 mg/dL can impact the heart and lungs, and levels in the upper
    end of this range may cause extreme fatigue and low blood pressure.

    Levels above 12 mg/dL can lead to muscle paralysis and hyperventilation. When levels are above 15.6
    mg/dL, the condition may result in a coma.

    MEDICAL MANAGEMENT

    • Circulatory and respiratory support and administration of 10% calcium gluconate 10 to 20 mL


    IV.
    • Administration of Normal Saline Solution
    • Administration of IV Loop Diuretics (Furosemide)
    • Hemodialysis/Peritoneal Dialysis

    NURSING MANAGEMENT

    • Monitor cardiac, respiratory, neuro system, renal status. Put patient on cardiac monitor (watch
    for EKG changes)
    • Ensure safety due to lethargic/drowsiness
    • Administer diuretics that waste magnesium (if patient is not in renal failure) such as Loop and
    Thiazide diuretics
    • Patient in renal failure patient prep for dialysis
    • IV calcium may be order to reverse side effects of Magnesium
    Prevention

    1. Avoid giving Magnesium containing antacids/laxative to patients with renal failure


    2. Assess for hypermagnesemia during IV infusions of magnesium sulfate for hypomagnesemia (sign
    and symptom would be diminished/absent deep tendon reflexes)
    3. Withhold foods high in magnesium, such as:
    • Avocado
    • Green leafy vegetables
    • Peanut Butter, potatoes, pork
    • Oatmeal
    • Fish (canned white tuna/mackerel)
    • Cauliflower, chocolate (dark)
    • Legumes
    • Nuts
    • Oranges
    • Milk

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