OLIVAREZ COLLEGE Dr. A. Santos Ave.

, Sucat Road, Paranaque City College of Health Related Sciences

A Written Report In

KIDNEY FOOD RECIPES FOR PATIENTS WITH RENAL DISEASE

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in

Nutrition And Diet Therapy

Presented by: GROUP 3 BSN 2A Andrade, Claudine Dominique Asuncion, Ramilene Bue, Elton John Consador, Mirlyn Gonzalez, Theresa Inofenada, Vincent Jacosalem, Mark Angelo Lumagas, Jayson Tan, Mj Tria, Louie

Presented to: Ms. Genalyn Abao, RN March 2011

RENAL FAILURE DIET

Renal (kidney) failure means that your kidneys are not able to get rid of all the wastes from your blood. These wastes come from the foods you eat and the liquids you drink. Renal failure is also known as chronic kidney disease or chronic renal failure. Renal failure usually happens slowly over time.

Some people eventually have total renal failure (end-stage renal failure) and need dialysis treatments. Dialysis treatments remove extra wastes from your blood with a dialysis machine when your kidneys cannot do this job. Renal failure may happen because of diabetes, high blood pressure or other health problems.

A renal failure diet controls the amount of protein and phosphorus (FOS-for-us) in your diet. You may also have to limit the amount of sodium in your diet. Following a renal failure diet can help decrease the amount of wastes made by your body. It can also help your kidneys work better, which may delay total renal failure.

A low-protein diet is any diet in which the protein intake is reduced. Anyone diagnosed with kidney or liver disease may be prescribed a low-protein diet.

Reduced protein intake can improve your health

Low protein diets (4-8% protein) are used routinely to treat patients with liver disease, kidney (renal) failure, and disorders involving the urea cycle, the metabolism, and amino acids.

How is a low-protein diet achieved?

Reduce amount of protein Some of each type of protein should still be consumed each day from the two main sources:

Animal products (fish, poultry, eggs, meat, dairy products) considered high quality or complete protein.

Vegetable products (breads, cereals, rice, pasta, dried beans) considered low quality or incomplete protein.

To reduce the amount of protein consumed, protein foods in recipes can be stretched (to consume less) or reduced as against more of the low- or non-protein foods (less in proportion), making a smaller amount seem just as satisfying.

Sandwiches

Use thinly sliced meats. Fill with salad items like lettuce, alfalfa sprouts, cucumber, chopped celery, apple, parsley or water chestnuts.

Soups

Use lower protein foods (milk substitutes for cream soups, or rice or pasta) to make soups as filling but with less protein.

Main Dishes

Make the main dish of vegetables and grains, and treat meat as the side dish to your meal. Use small pieces of meat and more vegetables in kebabs. Make fried rice with vegetables and use less meat or shrimp. For salads use crisp, fresh vegetables and only a few small strips of meat and egg. For casseroles, reduce the amount of meat and increase the starch, pasta or rice. In recipes using soup, use a low sodium mix. Use low-protein pastas and breads in the diet. For cheeses, use smaller amounts of stronger-tasting cheeses (sharp cheddar, parmesan or romano) for plenty of flavor.

What other kind of changes do I have to make while on a renal failure diet?

Protein: You will need to limit the amount of protein in your diet. This will help decrease the wastes in your blood, helping your kidneys to work better. Foods that are high in protein are meat, poultry (chicken), fish, eggs, and dairy products (milk, cheese, yogurt). Your caregiver will tell you how much protein to eat each day.

Phosphorus: You will need to limit the amount of phosphorus in your diet. When you have kidney failure, your kidneys cannot get rid of extra phosphorus that builds up in your blood. This may cause calcium to leave your bones and make them weak. Foods that are high in phosphorus are dairy products, beans, peas and nuts. It is also found in liquids such as cocoa, beer and cola drinks. Your caregiver will tell you how much phosphorus you should have in your diet each day.

Sodium: You may have to limit the amount of sodium in your diet if you have certain health problems. These may include high blood pressure or extra fluid in your body. Your caregiver will tell you how much sodium you should have each day. Table salt, canned foods, processed meats like deli meats and sausage, soups and salted snacks are high in sodium. You may have to limit high sodium foods and table salt in your diet.

Potassium: Usually, you do not need to limit the amount of potassium in your diet. However, you may need to limit potassium if you have too much potassium in your blood. Your caregiver will tell you if your blood levels of potassium are too high. Potassium is found in fruits and vegetables. You may have to limit fruits and vegetables that are high in potassium.

Cholesterol. Another problem that may be associated with kidney failure is high cholesterol. High levels of cholesterol in the blood may result from a high-fat diet. Cholesterol can build up on the inside walls of blood vessels. The buildup makes pumping blood through the vessels harder for the heart and can cause heart attacks and strokes.

Points to Remember

The kidneys are two vital organs that keep the blood clean and chemically balanced.

Kidney disease can be detected through a spot check for protein or albumin in the urine and a calculation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) based on a blood test. The progression of kidney disease can be slowed, but it cannot always be reversed. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the total or nearly total and permanent loss of kidney function. Dialysis and transplantation can extend the lives of people with kidney failure. Diabetes and high blood pressure are the two leading causes of kidney failure. People with reduced kidney function should see their doctor regularly. Doctors who specialize in kidney disease are called nephrologists. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes. People in the early stages of CKD may be able to save their remaining kidney function for many years by
o o o o o

controlling their blood glucose controlling their blood pressure following a low-protein diet maintaining healthy levels of cholesterol in the blood taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) not smoking

Summary of Average Dietary Needs in Chronic Renal Failure

Protein Carbohydrate Fat Calories Sodium Potassiun 30 to 50 g 300 t o 400 g 70 to 90 g 2,000 to 2,500 400 to 2,000 mg or 4 g salt 1,300 to 1,900 mg

BREAKFAST MEAL

Egg in Noodle Soup

Egg in Noodle Soup is a kidney food recipe for renal patient, patients with kidney disease. This recipe is recommended for breakfast. Ingredients 250 grams sontanghon, noodles, soaked in water 105 grams onion sliced 75 grams malunggay leaves 3 pieces egg, beaten 1.125 ml chiken broth (stock) 368 ml tomato sauce 3 tablespoons cooking oil 1 head garlic, minced Procedure 1. Saute garlic and onion. 2. Add chicken broth and tomato sauce. Boil for 5 minutes. 3. Add beaten eggs while stirring, and then add sotanghon noodles. 4. Cook for 3 minutes. 5. Add malunggay leaves. 6. Simmer for 2 minutes. 7. Serve with a smile. 6 Servings Nutrition Notes / 1 Serving Calories: 302 cal Carbohydrates: 46 grams Protein: 6 grams Fat: 10 grams Sodium: 63 mg Potassium: 418 mg Phosphorus 116 mg Calcium: 122 mg Fluid: 354 ml

BREAKFAST SNACK

Fisherman Sandwich
Fisherman Sandwich is a kidney food recipe for renal patient, patients with kidney disease. Ingredients 108 grams fish fillet, cooked 108 grams lettuce 300 grams bread, sliced 84 grams shrimp, cooked, shelled and chopped 68 grams mayonnaise 51 grams tomato, small, cut into wedges 42 grams red bell pepper, bolied, chopped 30 grams celery, chopped Procedure 1. Mix and combine all ingredients except lettuce and bread. 2. Spread evenly on bread slices. 3. Garnish with lettuce leaves. 4. Serve. 6 Servings Nutrition Notes / 1 Serving Calories: 277 cal Carbohydrates: 33 grams Protein: 11 grams Fat: 11 grams Sodium: 371 mg Potassium: 295 mg Phosphorus 122 mg Calcium: 97 mg Fluid: 74 ml

LUNCH MEAL

Fish Cake Balls

Fish Cake Balls is a kidney food recipe for renal patient, patients with kidney disease. This recipe is recommended for lunch. Ingredients 375 grams Lapu-lapu 158 grams potato, mashed 130 grams fine dry breadcrumbs 116 grams eggs 15 grams butter unsalted 15 grams all purpose flour 15 grams parsley, chopped 1/4 teaspoon cayenne pepper 53 ml corn oil Procedure 1. Boil Lapu-lapu then remove skin before flaking. 2. In a large mixing bowl combine fish, butter, 1 piece egg, flour, cayenne pepper and chopped parsley. 3. Mix well. 4. Chill in refrigerator for one hour. 5. Shape mixture into balls. 6. Beat the remaining egg, dip cake balls and roll in breadcrumbs. 7. Heat oil in a large frying pan and fry fish cake balls for 5 to 8 minutes turning frequently. 8. Drain in paper towel. 9. Serve with garnishing. 6 Servings Nutrition Notes / 1 Serving Calories: 256 cal Carbohydrates: 18 grams Protein: 15 gram Fat: 15 grams Sodium: 182 mg Potassium: 456 mg Phosphorus 182 mg Calcium: 88 mg Fluid: 102 ml

LUNCH SNACK

Tofu Spaghetti
A yummy tofu spaghetti for kidney diet patients or folks with renal problem. Ingredients 450 grams spaghetti noodles 240 grams tofu, cubes 180 grams ground beef 72 grams red bell pepper, medium, sliced 60 grams onion, sliced 250 ml tomato sauce, homemade 300 ml water Procedure 1. Saute onion, garlic and beef until brown. 2. Add water and simmer until beef is tender. 3. Add tomato sauce and bell pepper. 4. Season with oregano, basil, pepper and sugar to taste. 5. Simmer for 10 minutes. 6. Add tofu. 7. Simmer for 3 minutes. 8. Blend with noodles. 9. Serve. 6 Servings Nutrition Notes / 1 Serving Calories: 431 cal Carbohydrates: 67 grams Protein: 20 grams Fat: 10 grams Sodium: 97 mg Potassium: 441 mg Phosphorus: 181 mg Calcium: 143 mg Fluid: 194 ml 30 ml oil 2 cloves garlic dash oregano dash basil dash pepper dash sugar

DINNER MEAL

Vegetable Curry
Vegetable curry is a kidney food recipe for renal patient, patients with kidney disease. Ingredients 144 grams potato, cut into cubes 126 grams carrots 60 grams broccoli 60 grams shrimps, shelled, head removed 27 grams red bell pepper 24 grams onion, minced 24 grams ginger, stripped 10 grams cornstarch 2.5 grams sugar 313 ml water 38 ml evaporated milk 8 ml corn oil 1/2 teaspoon curry powder Procedure 1. Heat corn oil in a pan. 2. Saute ginger, onion and shrimp. 3. Add water, curry powder, pepper, sugar, evaporated milk and cornstarch. 4. Add broccoli, potato, carrots and bell pepper. 5. Cook for 5 minutes. 6. Serve. 6 Servings Nutrition Notes / 1 Serving Calories: 77 cal Carbohydrates: 11 grams Protein: 4 grams Fat: 2 grams Sodium: 37 mg Potassium: 268 mg Phosphorus: 68 mg Calcium: 72 mg Fluid: 120 ml

DINNER SNACK

Herbed Hamburger
Herbed Hamburger is a kidney food recipe for renal patient, patients with kidney disease. This recipe is recommended for supper. Ingredients 300 grams ground beef 21 grams onion, chopped 5 grams parsley 16 ml cooking oil 10 ml calamanci juice 5 ml water 1/2 teaspoon pepper dash garlic powder dash oregano, marjoram, basil leaves Procedure 1. Mix all ingredients thoroughly 2. Shpae into patties. 3. Barbeque, oven-broil or pan fry-grill as desired. 4. Serve. 6 Servings Nutrition Notes / 1 Serving Calories: 85 cal Carbohydrates: 1 gram Protein: 11 grams Fat: 6 grams Sodium: 29 mg Potassium: 200 mg Phosphorus 103 mg Calcium: 15 mg Fluid: 42 ml