Sri Shanmugha College of Engineering and Technology

Affiliated to Anna University and Approved by AICTE, NewDelhi

Accredited by NAAC and NBA
Sankari(Tk), Puthur

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

2019:20

ME8781 Mechatronics Laboratory Manual

(Anna University Regulation 2013)

Name :
Register Number :
Lab Name/Code :
Semester/Year :

Sri Shanmugha College of Engineering and Technology

Affiliated to Anna University and Approved by AICTE, NewDelhi
Accredited by NAAC and NBA
Sankari (Tk), Puthur
 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to Certified that bonafide record of work done by Mr./Ms./Mrs.

________________________ in the ME8781 Mechatronics Laboratory for the course of
Electronics and Communication Engineering during VII th Semester of academic year
2019:20.

STAFF IN-CHARGE HOD

Register No.: _______________

This record is submitted for VII semester Electronics and communication engineering
practical examination of Anna University, Chennai held on _________.

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

 INDEX

S.No Date Name of the Experiment Page Marks Initial of

No. Faculty
DESIGN AND TEST EXPERIMENTS

Average:
 ME8781 - MECHATRONICS LABORATORY
OBJECTIVES
To know the method of programming the microprocessor and also the design, modeling &
analysis of basic electrical, hydraulic & pneumatic Systems which enable the students to understand
the concept of mechatronics.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Assembly language programming of 8085 – Addition – Subtraction – Multiplication –
Division – Sorting – Code Conversion.
2. Stepper motor interface.
3. Traffic light interface.
4. Speed control of DC motor.
5. Study of various types of transducers.
6. Study of hydraulic, pneumatic and electro-pneumatic circuits.
7. Modelling and analysis of basic hydraulic, pneumatic and electrical circuits using
Software.
8. Study of PLC and its applications.
9. Study of image processing technique.
OUTCOMES
Upon completion of this course, the students can able to design mechatronics system with
the help of Microprocessor, PLC and other electrical and Electronics Circuits.
LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS

S.N O NAME OF THE EQUIPMENT Qty

Basic Pneumatic Trainer Kit with manual and electrical controls/ PLC
1 1
Control each

2 Basic Hydraulic Trainer Kit 1

3 Hydraulics and Pneumatics Systems Simulation Software 10

4 8051 - Microcontroller kit with stepper motor and drive circuit sets 2

5 Image processing system with hardware & software 1

REMARKS
 MECHATRONICS

Mechatronics is the combination of Mechanical engineering, Electronic engineering,

Computer engineering, software engineering, Control engineering and Systems Design engineering
in order to design and manufacture useful products.

Mechatronics is a multi disciplinary field of engineering, that is to say it rejects splitting

engineering into separate disciplines. Originally, mechatronics just included the combination
between mechanics and electronics; hence the word is only a portmanteau of mechanics
and electronics

French standard gives the following definition: “approach aiming at the synergistic
integration of mechanics, electronics, control theory, and computer science within product design
and manufacturing, in order to improve and/or optimize its functionality".

Description

Application of mechatronics

1. Machine vision
2. Automation and robotics

3. Servo-mechanics
4. Sensing and control systems
5. Automotive engineering, automotive equipment in the design of subsystems such as anti-
lock braking systems
6. Computer-machine controls, such as computer driven machines like IE CNC milling
machines
7. Expert systems
8. Industrial goods
9. Consumer products
10. Mechatronics systems
11. Medical mechatronics, medical imaging systems
12. Structural dynamic systems
13. Transportation and vehicular systems
14. Mechatronics as the new language of the automobile
15. Diagnostic, reliability, and control system techniques
16. Computer aided and integrated manufacturing systems
17. Computer-aided design
18. Engineering and manufacturing systems
19. Packaging
20. Microcontrollers / PLC's
Ex No : 1(a) Date :
ADDITION OF TWO 8-BIT NUMBERS

AIM

To write an assembly language for adding two 8 bit numbers by using micro processor
kit.

APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. 8085 micro processor kit 8085 (0-5V)
2. DC battery
ALGORITHM
Step 1: Start the microprocessor
Step 2: Intialize the carry as ‘Zero’
Step 3: Load the first 8 bit data into the accumulator
Step 4: Copy the contents of accumulator into the register ‘B’
Step 5: Load the second 8 bit data into the accumulator.
Step 6: Add the 2 - 8 bit datas and check for carry.
Step 7: Jump on if no carry
Step 8: Increment carry if there is
Step 9: Store the added request in accumulator
Step 10: More the carry value to accumulator
Step 11: Store the carry value in accumulator
Step 12: Stop the program execution.

Address Label Mnemonics Hex Code Comments

4100 MVI C,00 OE, 00 Initialize the carry as zero

 4102 LDA 4300 3A, (00, 43) Load the first 8 bit data

4105 MOV, B,A 47 Copy the value of 8 bit data

into register B

4106 LDA 4301 3A, (01, 43) Load the second 8 bit data
into the accumulator

4109 ADD B 80 Add the hoo values

410A JNC D2, 0E, 41 Jump on if no carry

If carry is there increment it by

410D INR C OC one

410E Loop Stone the added value in the

STA 4302 32 (02, 43)
accumulator

4111 MOV A,C 79 More the value of carry to

the accumulator from

register C

4112 STA 4303 32 (03, 43) Store the value of carry in

the accumulator

4115 HLT 76 Stop the program execution

Input

Without carry Input Address Value

4300 04
4301 02
Output
Output Address Value
4302 06
4303 00 (carry)
With carry
Input Address Value
4300 FF
4301 FF
Output Address Value

4302 FE

4303 01 (carry)
 Calculation

1111 1111
1111 1111
--------------------
(1)
1111 1110

===========

F E

RESULT
Thus the assembly language program for 8 bit addition of two numbers was executed
successfully by using 8085 micro processing kit.
Ex No : 1 (b) Date :
SUBTRACTION OF TWO 8 BIT NUMBERS
AIM
To write a assembly language program for subtracting 2 bit (8) numbers by using-8085
micro processor kit
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. 8085 micro processor kit (0-5V)
2. DC battery
ALGORITHM
STEP 1: Start the microprocessor
STEP 2: Initialize the carry as ‘Zero’
STEP 3: Load the first 8 bit data into the accumulator
STEP 4: Copy the contents of contents into the register ‘B’
STEP 5: Load the second 8 bit data into the accumulator.
STEP 6: Subtract the 2 8 bit datas and check for borrow.
STEP 7: Jump on if no borrow
STEP 8: Increment borrow if there is
STEP 9: 2’s compliment of accumulator is found out
STEP 10: Store the result in the accumulator
STEP 11: More the borrow value from ‘c’ to accumulator
STEP 12: Store the borrow value in the accumulator
STEP 13: Stop program execution
 Address Label Mnemonics Hex Code Comments

4100 MVI C,00 OE, 00 Initialize the carry as zero

4102 LDA 4300 3A, (00, 43) Load the first 8 bit data

4105 MOV, B,A 47 Copy the value of 8 bit data

into register B

4106 LDA 4301 3A, (01, 43) Load the second 8 bit data
into the accumulator

4109 ADD B 80 Add the hoo values

410A JNC D2, 0E, 41 Jump on if no carry

410D INR C OC If carry is there increment it

by one

410E Loop STA 4302 32 (02, 43) Stone the added value in the
accumulator

4111 MOV A,C 79 More the value of carry to

the accumulator from

register C

4112 STA 4303 32 (03, 43) Store the value of carry in

the accumulator

4115 HLT 76 Stop the program execution

Input

Without borrow

Input Address Value

4300 05

4301 07

Output Address Value

4302 02

4303 00 (borrow)

With carry
 borrow

Input Address Value

4300 07

4301 05

Output Address Value

4302 02

Calculation:

05 - 07
07 -
0111
CMA 1000

ADJ
0.1 0001

----------

1001

05 - 0101

---------
1110 (-
2)

RESULT
The assembly language program subtraction of two 8 bit numbers was executed
successfully by using 8085 micro processing kit.
Ex No : 1(c) Date :
MULTIPLICATION OF TWO 8 – BIT NUMBERS
AIM
To write an assembly language for multiplying two 8 bit numbers by using 8085 micro
processor kit.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
8085 microprocessor kit (0-5V)
DC battery
ALGORITHM
Step 1: Start the microprocessor
Step 2: Get the 1st 8 bit numbers
Step 3: Move the 1st 8it number to register ‘B’
Step 4: Get the 2 nd 8 bit number
Step 5: Move the 2nd 8 bit number to register ‘C’
Step 6: Initialize the accumulator as zero
Step 7: Initialize the carry as zero
Step 8: Add both register ‘B’ value as accumulator
Step 9: Jump on if no carry
Step 10: Increment carry by 1 if there is
Step 11: Decrement the 2nd value and repeat from step 8, till the 2nd value becomes zero.
Step 12: Store the multiplied value in accumulator
Step 13: Move the carry value to accumulator
Step 14: Store the carry value in accumulator
Address Label Mnemonics Hex Code Comments

4100 LDA 4500 3A, 00, 45 Load the first 8 bit number
st
4103 MOV B,A 47 Move the 1 bit data to
8

register ‘B’
nd

4104 LDA 4501 3A, 01, 45 Load the 2 16 bit number

4107 MOV C,A 4F Move the 2 8 bit data to

register ‘C’

4108 MVI A, 00 3E, 00 Intialise the accumulator as

zero

410A MVI D, 00 16, 00 Intialise the carry as zero

410C ADD B 80 Add the contents of ‘B’ and

accumulator

410D INC D2 11, 41 Jump if no carry

4110 INR D 14 Increment carry if there is

4111 DCR C OD Decrement the value ‘C’

4112 JNZ C2 0C, 41 Jump if number zero

4115 STA 4502 32 02, 45 Store the result in

accumulator

4118 MOV A,D 7A Move the carry into

accumulator

4119 STA 4503 32,03,45 Store the result in

accumulator

411C HLT 76 Stop the program execution

 Input
Input Address Value

4500 04

4501 02

Output

Output Address Value

4502 08

4503 00

RESULT

The assembly language program for multiplication of two 8 bit numbers was executed
using 8085 micro processing kit.
Ex No : 1(d) Date :
DIVISION OF TWO 8 – BIT NUMBERS
AIM
To write an assembly language program for dividing two 8 bit numbers using
microprocessor kit.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. 8085 microprocessor kit (0-5V)
2. DC battery
ALGORITHM
Step1: Start the microprocessor
Step2: Intialise the Quotient as zero
Step3: Load the 1st 8 bit data
Step4: Copy the contents of accumulator into register ‘B’
Step5: Load the 2nd 8 bit data
Step6: Compare both the values
Step7: Jump if divisor is greater than dividend
Step8: Subtract the dividend value by divisor value
Step9: Increment Quotient
Step10: Jump to step 7, till the dividend becomes zero
Step11: Store the result (Quotient) value in accumulator
Step12: Move the remainder value to accumulator
Step13: Store the result in accumulator
Step14: Stop the program execution
Address Label Mnemonics Hex Code Comments

4100 MVI C, 00 0E, 00 Intialise Quotient as zero

4102 LDA, 4500 3A 00, 45 Get the 1stdata

st
4105 MOV B,A 47 Copy the 1 data into
register ‘B’

nd
4106 LDA, 4501 3A 01, 45 Get the 2 data

4109 CMP B B8 Compare the 2 values

410A JC (LDP) DA 12,41 Jump if dividend lesser than

divisor

st nd
410D Loop 2 SUB B 90 Subtract the 1 value by 2
value

410E INR C 0C Increment Quotient (410D)

410F JMP (LDP, 41) C3, 0D, 41 Jump to Loop 1 till the value
of dividend becomes zero

4112 Loop 1 STA 4502 32 02,45 Store the value in

accumulator

4115 MOV A,C 79 Move the value of remainder

to accumulator

4116 STA 4503 32 03,45 Store the remainder value in

accumulator

4119 HLT 76 Stop the program execution

 Input

Input Address Value

4500 09

4501 02

Output

Output Address Value

4502 04 (quotient)

4503 01 (reminder)

RESULT

The assembly language program for division of two 8 bit numbers was executed using
8085 micro processing kit.
Ex No : 1(e) Date :
SORTING
(i) ASCENDING ORDER
AIM
To write a program to sort given ‘n’ numbers in ascending order
APPARATUS REQUIRED
8085 microprocessor kit (0-5V)
DC battery
ALGORITHM
Step1: Start the microprocessor
Step2: Accumulator is loaded with number of values to sorted and it is saved
Step3: Decrement 8 register (N-1) Repetitions)
Step4: Set ‘HL’ register pair as data array
Step5: Set ‘C’ register as counter for (N-1) repetitions
Step6: Load a data of the array in accumulator
Step7: Compare the data pointed in ‘HL’ pair
Step8: If the value of accumulator is smaller than memory, then jump to step 10.
Step9: Otherwise exchange the contents of ‘HL’ pair and accumulator
Step10: Decrement ‘C’ register, if the of ‘C’ is not zero go to step 6
Step11: Decrement ‘B’ register, if value of ‘B’ is not zero, go step 3
Step12: Stop the program execution
Address Label Mnemonics Hex Code Comments

4100 LDA 4500 3A, 00,45 Load the number of values

4103 MOV B,A 47 Move it ‘B’ register

4104 DCR B 05 For (N-1) comparisons

4105 Loop 3 LXI H, 4500 21, 00,45 Set the pointer for array

4108 MOV C,M 4E Count for (N-1) comparisons

4109 DCR C 0D For (N-1) comparisons

410A INX H 23 Increment pointer

410B Loop 2 MOV A,M 7E Get one data in array ‘A’

410C INX H 23 Increment pointer

410D CMP M BE Compare next with

accumulator

410E JC DA, 16, 41 If content less memory go

ahead

4111 MOV D,M 56 If it is greater than

interchange it

4112 MOV M,A 77 Memory content

4113 DCX H 2B Exchange the content of

memory pointed by ‘HL’ by

previous location

4114 MOV M,D 72 One in by ‘HL’ and previous

location

4115 INX H 23 Increment pointer

4116 Loop 1 DCR C 0D Decrement ‘C’ register

4117 JNZ Loop 1 C2, 0B, 41 Repeat until ‘C’ is zero

411B JNZ Loop 2 C2, 05, 41 Repeat till ‘B’ is zero

411E HLT 76 Stop the program execution

Input

Input Address Value

4500 04

4501 AB

4502 BC

4503 01

4504 0A

Output Address & Value

Output Address Value

4500 04

4501 01

4502 0A

4503 AB

4504 BC

RESULT
The assembly language program for sorting numbers in ascending order was executed by
microprocessor kit.
 (ii) DESCENDING ORDER
AIM
To write a program to sort given ‘n’ numbers in descending order
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. 8085 microprocessor kit (0-5V)
2. DC battery
ALGORITHM
Step 1: Start the microprocessor
Step 2: Load the number of values into accumulator and save the number of values in
register ‘B’g
Step 3: Decrement register ‘B’ for (N-1) Repetitions
Step 4: Set ‘HL’ register pair as data array address pointer and load the data of array in
accumulator
Step 5: Set ‘C’ register as counter for (N-1) repetitions
Step 6: Increment ‘HL’ pair (data address pointer)
 Step 7: Compare the data pointed by ‘HL’ with accumulator
Step 8: If the value of accumulator is larger than memory, then jump to step 10,
otherwise next step.
Step 9: Exchange the contents of memory pointed by ‘HL’ and accumulator
Step 10: Decrement ‘C’ register, if the of ‘C’ is not zero go to step 6, otherwise next step.
Step 11: Decrement ‘B’ register, if ‘B’ is not zero, go step 3, otherwise next step.
Step 12: Stop the program execution

Address Label Mnemonics Hex Code Comments

4100 LDA 4500 3A, 00,45 Load the number of values

in accumulator

4103 MOV B,A 47 Move it to ‘B’ register

4104 DCR B 05 For (N-1) comparisons

4105 Loop 3 LXI H, 4500 21, 00,45 Set the pointer for array

4108 MOV C,M 4E Count for (N-1) comparisons

4109 DCR C 0D For (N-1) comparisons

410A INX H 23 Increment pointer

410B Loop 2 MOV A,M 7E Get one data from array

410C INX H 23 Increment pointer

410D CMP M BE Compare next with number

410E ICE, Loop 1 D2, 16,41 If content ‘A’ is greater than

 content of ‘HL’ pair

4111 MOV D,M 56 If it is greater than

interchange the datas

4112 MOV M,A 77 Accumulator to memory

value

4113 DCX H 2B Decrement memory pointer

4114 MOV M,D 72 Move the old to ‘HL’ and

previous location

4115 INX H 23 Increment pointer

4116 Loop 1 DCR C 0D Decrement ‘C’ register

4117 JNZ Loop 2 C2, 0B, 41 Repeat till ‘C’ is zero

411B JNZ Loop 3 C2, 05, 41 Jump to loop till the value of
‘B’ be

411E HLT 76 Stop the program execution

Input Address Value

4500 04

4501 AB

4502 BC

4503 01

4504 0A

Output Address & Value

Output Address Value

4500 04

4501 BC

4502 AB

4503 0A

4504 01
RESULT
The assembly language program for sorting ‘4’ numbers in descending order was
executed successfully using microprocessor kit.
Ex No : 1(f) Date :
CODE CONVERSION – DECIMAL TO HEX
AIM
To convert a given decimal number to hexadecimal
ALGORITHM
Step1. Initialize the memory location to the data pointer.
Step2. Increment B register.
Step3. Increment accumulator by 1 and adjust it to decimal every time.
Step4. Compare the given decimal number with accumulator value.
Step5. When both matches, the equivalent hexadecimal value is in B register.
Step6. Store the resultant in memory location.
PROGRAM
MNEMO OPERAN
ADDRESS OPCODE LABEL COMMENTS
NICS D
8000 LXI H,8100 Initialize HL reg. to

8001 8100H

8002

8003 MVI A,00 Initialize A register.

8004

8005 MVI B,00 Initialize B register..

8006

8007 LOOP INR B Increment B reg.

8008 ADI 01 Increment A reg

8009

800A DAA Decimal Adjust Accumulator

800B CMP M Compare M & A

800C JNZ LOOP If acc and given number are

800D not equal, then go to LOOP

800E

800F MOV A,B Transfer B reg to acc.

8010 STA 8101 Store the result in a memory

8011 location.

8012

8013 HLT Stop the program

RESULT
INPUT OUTPUT

ADDRESS DATA ADDRESS DATA

8100 8101

RESULT
Thus an ALP program for conversion of decimal to hexadecimal was written and executed.
Ex No : 1(f) Date :
CODE CONVERSION –HEXADECIMAL TO DECIMAL
AIM
To convert a given hexadecimal number to decimal.
ALGORITHM
Step1: Initialize the memory location to the data pointer. Step2:
Increment B register.
Step3: Increment accumulator by 1 and adjust it to decimal every time. Step4:
Compare the given hexadecimal number with B register value. Step5: When both
match, the equivalent decimal value is in A register. Step6: Store the resultant in
memory location.
 MNEMONI OPER
ADDRESS OPCODE LABEL CS AND COMMENTS

8000 LXI H,8100 Initialize HL reg. to

8001 8100H

8002

8003 MVI A,00 Initialize A register.

8004

8005 MVI B,00 Initialize B register.

8006

8007 MVI C,00 Initialize C register for carry.

8008

8009 LOOP INR B Increment B reg.

800A ADI 01 Increment A reg

800C DAA Decimal Adjust Accumulator

800D JNC NEXT If there is no carry go to

800E NEXT.

800F

8010 INR C Increment c register.

8011 NEXT MOV D,A Transfer A to D

8012 MOV A,B Transfer B to A

8013 CMP M Compare M & A

8014 MOV A,D Transfer D to A

8015 JNZ LOOP If acc and given number are

8016 not equal, then go to LOOP

8017

8018 STA 8101 Store the result in a memory

8019 location.

801A

801B MOV A,C Transfer C to A

801C STA 8102 Store the carry in another

801D memory location.

801E

801F HLT Stop the program

RESULT

INPUT OUTPUT

ADDRESS DATA ADDRESS DATA

8100 8101

8102

RESULT
Thus an ALP program for conversion of hexadecimal to decimal was written and executed.
Ex No : 2 Date :

STEPPER MOTOR INTERFACING WITH 8051

AIM
To interface a stepper motor with 8051 microcontroller and operate it.
THEORY
A motor in which the rotor is able to assume only discrete stationary angular position is a stepper
motor. The rotary motion occurs in a step-wise manner from one equilibrium position to the next. Stepper
Motors are used very wisely in position control systems like printers, disk drives, process control machine
tools, etc.
The basic two -phase stepper motor consists of two pairs of stator poles. Each of the four poles
has its own winding. The excitation of any one winding generates a North Pole. A South Pole gets induced
at the diametrically opposite side. The rotor magnetic system has two end faces. It is a permanent magnet
with one face as South Pole and the other as North Pole.
The Stepper Motor windings A1, A2, B1, B2 are cyclically excited with a DC current to run the
motor in clockwise direction. By reversing the phase sequence as A1, B2, A2, B1, anticlockwise stepping
can be obtained.
2- PHASE SWITCHING SCHEME:
In this scheme, any two adjacent stator windings are energized. The switching scheme is shown
in the table given below.This scheme produces more torque

ANTICLOCKWISE CLOCKWISE

STEP A1 A2 B1 B2 DATA STEP A1 A2 B1 B2 DATA

1 1 0 0 1 9h 1 1 0 1 0 Ah

2 0 1 0 1 5h 2 0 1 1 0 6h

3 0 1 1 0 6h 3 0 1 0 1 5h

4 1 0 1 0 Ah 4 1 0 0 1 9h

ADDRESS DECODING LOGIC

 The 74138 chip is used for generating the address decoding logic to generate the device select
pulses, CS1 & CS2 for selecting the IC 74175.The 74175 latches the data bus to the stepper motor
driving circuitry.
Stepper Motor requires logic signals of relatively high power. Therefore, the interface
circuitry that generates the driving pulses use silicon Darlington pair transistors. The inputs for the
interface circuit are TTL pulses generated under software control using the Microcontroller Kit.
PROGRAMME

Address OPCODES Label Comments

4100 START: MOV DPTR, #TABLE Load the start

address of switching

4103 MOV R0, #04 Load the count in R0

4105 LOOP: MOVX A, @DPTR Load the number in

TABLE into A

4106 PUSH DPH Push DPTR value to

4108 PUSH DPL Stack

410A MOV DPTR, #0FFC0h Load the Motor port

address into DPTR

410D MOVX @DPTR, A Send the value in A

to stepper Motor port
address

410E MOV R4, #0FFh Delay loop to cause a

4110 DELAY MOV R5, #0FFh specific amount of

: time delay before

4112 DELAY DJNZ R5, DELAY1 next data item is sent

1: to the Motor

4114 DJNZ R4, DELAY

4116 POP DPL POP back DPTR
value from Stack
 4118 POP DPH
411A INC DPTR Increment DPTR to
point to next item in
the table

411B DJNZ R0, LOOP Decrement R0, if not

zero repeat the loop

411D SJMP START Short jump to Start of

the program to make

the motor rotate

continuously

411F TABLE: DB 09 05 06 0Ah Values as per

two-phase switching

scheme

PROCEDURE
Enter the above program starting from location 4100.and execute the same. The stepper motor
rotates. Varying the count at R4 and R5 can vary the speed. Entering the data in the look- up TABLE
in the reverse order can vary direction of rotation.

RESULT
Thus a stepper motor was interfaced with 8051 and run in forward and reverse directions
at various speeds
Ex No :3 Date :
TRAFFIC LIGHT INTERFACE

AIM
To write an assembly language program to simulate the traffic light at an
intersection using a traffic light interface.
APPARATUS REQUIRED

ALGORITHM:
1. Initialize the ports.
2. Initialize the memory content, with some address to the data.
3. Read data for each sequence from the memory and display it through the ports.
4. After completing all the sequences, repeat from step2.

BIT ALLOCATION

BIT LED BIT LED BIT LED

SOUTH NORTH WEST

PA0 LEFT PB0 LEFT PC0 STRAIGHT

SOUTH NORTH NORTH

PA1 RIGHT PB1 RIGHT PC1 STRAIGHT

SOUTH NORTH EAST

PA2 AMBER PB2 AMBER PC2 STRAIGHT

SOUTH NORTH SOUTH

PA3 RED PB3 RED PC3 STRAIGHT

EAST WEST
PA4 LEFT PB4 LEFT PC4 NORTH PD

EAST WEST
PA5 RIGHT PB5 RIGHT PC5 WEST PD

PA6 PB6 PC6 SOUTH PD

EAST WEST
 AMBER AMBER

Th e im ag e c an no t b e displ ay e d. Yo ur c o mp ut er m ay n ot ha v e e no ug h me mo ry t o op en t he i m ag e, o r t he i ma ge ma y h av e bee n c or r up te d. Res ta rt y ou r c o mp ut er , a nd t he n o pe n t he fil e a gai n. I f t he re d x s till ap pe ars , y ou ma y hav e to del et e the im ag e an d t he n ins er t i t a gai n.

SL.NO ITEM SPECIFICATION QUANTITY

1 Microprocessor kit 4185,Vi Microsystems 1
2 Power supply +5 V dc 1
Traffic light
3 Vi Microsystems 1
interface kit

CONTROL ----- 0F (FOR 8255 PPI)

PORT A ------0C

PORT B ------0D

PORT C ------0E
PROGRAM

ADDRESS OPCODE LABEL MNEMONICS OPERAND COMMENT

4100 3E MVI A, 41 Move 41H immediately

to accumulator

4102 D3 OUT 0F Output contents of

accumulator to OF port

4104 REPEAT LXI H,DATA_ Load address 417B to

SQ HL

register

4107 11 LXI D,DATA_ Load address 4187 to

E DE

410A CD CALL OUT Call out address 4142

410D EB XCHG Exchange contents of

HL

410E 7E MOV A, M Move M content to

accumulator

410F D3 OUT 0D Load port A into output port

4111 CD CALL DELAY1 Call delay address

4114 EB XCHG Exchange content of

HL

4115 13 INX D Increment the content of D

4116 23 INX H Increment the content of H

4117 CD CALL OUT Call out the address

411A EB XCHG Exchange content of

 HL

411B 7E MOV A, M Move M content to

accumulator

411C D3 OUT 0D Load port B into output port

411E CD CALL DELAY1 Call DELAY address

4121 EB XCHG Exchange content of

HL

4122 13 INX D Increment D register

4123 23 INX H Increment H register

4124 CD CALL OUT Call specified address

4127 EB XCHG Exchange content of

HL

4128 7E MOV A, M Move M content to

accumulator

4129 D3 OUT 0E Load port C into output port

412B CD CALL DELAY1 Call DELAY address

412E EB XCHG Exchange content of

HL

412F 13 INX D Increment D register

4130 23 INX H Increment H register

4131 CD CALL OUT Call specified address

4134 EB XCHG Exchange content of

HL

4135 7E MOV A, M Move M content to

accumulator

4136 D3 OUT 0E Load port C into output port

4138 23 INX H Increment H register

4139 7E MOV A, M Move M content to

 accumulator

413A D3 OUT 0C Load port A into output port

413C CD CALL DELAY1 Call DELAY address

413F C3 JMP REPEAT Jump to specified address

4142 7E OUT MOV A, M Move M content to

accumulator

4143 D3 OUT 0E Load port C into output port

4145 23 INX H Increment H register

4146 7E MOV A, M Move M content to

accumulator

4147 D3 OUT 0D Load port B into output port

4149 23 INX H Increment H register

414B D3 OUT 0C Load port A into output port

414D CD CALL DELAY Call DELAY address

4150 C9 RET Return to accumulator

4151 E5 DELAY PUSH H Push the register H

4152 21 LXI H,001F Load 00 1F in HL register
pair

4155 01 LXI B,FFFF Load FF FF in DE register

pair

4158 0B DCX B Decrement B register

4159 78 MOV A, B Move B content to

accumulator

415A B1 ORA C OR content of C

with

415B C2 JNZ LOOP Jump to LOOP if no zero

415E 2B DCX H Decrement H register

415F 7D MOV A, L Move L content to

accumulator
RESULT
Thus an assembly language program to simulate the traffic light at an intersection using a
traffic light interfaces was written and implemented.
Ex No : 4 Date :
SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR
AIM:
To write an assembly language program to control the speed of DC motor using 8051.
FACILITIES REQUIRED AND PROCEDURE:

a) Facilities required to do the experiment:

Sl.No. Facilities Required Quantity

1 8051 Microprocessor Kit 1
2 DC Power Supply 5V 1

b) Procedure for doing the experiment:

Sl.No. Details of the

1 Start the program. Store the 8-bit data into the accumulator.
2 Initialize the counter. Move the content of accumulator to the data pointer.
3 Terminate the program.

c) Program:

ADDRESS OPCODE MNEMONICS COMMEN

4500 74 FF MOV A, #FF Move FF into accumulator

4502 90 FF C0 MOV DPTR,#FF10H Load the value FF 10H into the data pointer
4505 F0 MOVX @DPTR,A Move the data content to the accumulator
4506 80 FF SIMPL Instruction is executed.
 d) Output:

A Reg Speed Accumalator

FF High 5V
7F Medium 3V
55 Low 2V

RESULT
Thus the program to control the speed of DC motor was executed and verified
successfully
Ex No : Date :
STUDY OF HYDRAULIC, PNEUMATIC AND ELECTRO PNEUMATIC CIRCUITS
AIM
To study the circuits of hydraulic, pneumatic and electro pneumatic drives.
DESCRIPTION
1. Control of a Single-Acting Hydraulic Cylinder
2. Control of a Double-Acting Hydraulic Cylinder
3. Control of single acting pneumatic cylinder
4. Control of double acting pneumatic cylinder
5. Control of single acting electro pneumatic cylinder
6. Control of double acting electro pneumatic cylinder
HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS
A hydraulic circuit is a group of components such as pumps, actuators, control valves,
conductors and fittings arranged to perform useful work. There are three important
considerations in designing a hydraulic circuit:
Control of a Single-Acting Hydraulic Cylinder
Figure shows that the control of a single-acting, spring return cylinder using a three-way two-
position manually actuated, spring offset direction-control valve (DCV). In the spring offset mode,
full pump flow goes to the tank through the pressure-relief valve (PRV). The spring in the rod end
of the cylinder retracts the piston as the oil from the blank end drains back into the tank. When the
valve is manually actuated into its next position, pump flow extends the cylinder.
After full extension, pump flow goes through the relief valve. Deactivation of the DCV allows
the cylinder to retract as the DCV shifts into its spring offset mode.
RESULT:
Ex No : 6 Date :
PLC CONTROL OF SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER USING AND LOGIC
AIM
Conduct the test to simulate the single acting cylinder using PLC diagram.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Compressor
2. FRL
3. Air tube
4. Single acting cylinder
5. Plc
6. RS logic starter software
7. 3/2 single solenoid valve
PROCEDURE
1. Draw the circuit diagram.
2. Provide +24V and -24V from PLC trainer to electro pneumatic panel.
3. Output of the PLC is direct connect to input of 3/2 single solenoid coil.
4. Open the RS logic starter software in desktop.
5. Interface PLC with the system using RS 232 cable.
6. Following the operating procedure of RS logic starter software.
7. Connect the air supply to FRL unit.
8. Any one output of FRL unit direct connects to choosing valves.
9. Check the all circuit in panel and ladder diagram.
10. Run the PLC.
11. Observe the output.
TRUTH TABLE

INPUT OUTPUT

A B C=A*B
0 0 0

1 0 0

1 1 1

0 1 0

CIRCUIT (AND GATE)

RESULT
Thus the actuation of single acting cylinder with and AND gate was done.
Ex No : 7 Date :
ACUATION OF SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER BY OR GATE USING PLC
AIM
Conduct the test to simulate the single acting cylinder using PLC diagram.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
12. Compressor
13. FRL
14. Air tube
15. Single acting cylinder
16. Plc
17. RS logic starter software
18. 3/2 single solenoid valve
PROCEDURE
1. Draw the circuit diagram.
2. Provide +24V and -24V from PLC trainer to electro pneumatic panel.
3. Open the RS logic starter software in desktop.
4. Interface PLC with the system using RS 232 cable.
5. Write a ladder diagram.
6. Output of the PLC is direct connecting to input of solenoid coil.
7. Following the operating procedure of RS logic starter software.
8. Connect the air supply to FRL unit.
9. Check the all circuit in panel and ladder diagram.
10. Run the PLC.
11. Observe the operation, when any one input is high, output is high.
TRUTH TABLE

INPUT OUTPUT
A B C = A+B
0 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 1

0 1 1

CIRCUIT (OR GATE)

RESULT
Thus the actuation of single acting cylinder with and OR gate was done using PLC.
Ex No : Date :
ACUATION OF SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER WITH ON DELAY TIMER
USING PLC
AIM
Conduct the test to simulate the single acting cylinder using PLC diagram.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
12. Compressor
13. FRL
14. Air tube
15. Single acting cylinder
16. Plc
17. RS logic starter software
18. 3/2 single solenoid valve
PROCEDURE:
1. Draw the circuit diagram.
2. Provide +24V and -24V from PLC trainer to electro pneumatic panel.
3. Open the RS logic starter software in desktop.
4. Interface PLC with the system using RS 232 cable.
5. Write a ladder diagram.
6. Output of the PLC is direct connecting to input of solenoid coil.
7. Following the operating procedure of RS logic starter software.
8. Connect the air supply to FRL unit.
9. Check the all circuit in panel and ladder diagram.
10. Run the PLC.
11. Observe the operation, cylinder will be actuated after given time delay.
CIRCUIT (ON DELAY TIMER)

RESULT
Thus the actuation of single acting cylinder with ON Delay timer was done using PLC.
Ex No : Date :
SIMULATE THE SINGLE ACING CYLINDER WITH OFF DELAY
TIMER USING PLC
AIM
Conduct the test to simulate the single acting cylinder using PLC diagram.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
12. Compressor
13. FRL
14. Air tube
15. Single acting cylinder
16. Plc
17. RS logic starter software
18. 3/2 single solenoid valve
PROCEDURE
1. Draw the circuit diagram.
2. Provide +24V and -24V from PLC trainer to electro pneumatic panel.
3. Open the RS logic starter software in desktop.
4. Interface PLC with the system using RS 232 cable.
5. Write a ladder diagram.
6. Output of the PLC is direct connecting to input of solenoid coil.
7. Following the operating procedure of RS logic starter software.
8. Connect the air supply to FRL unit.
9. Check the all circuit in panel and ladder diagram.
10. Run the PLC.
11. Observe the operation; cylinder goes to off position after particular time delay added.
CIRCUIT (OFF DELAY TIMER)

RESULT
Thus the actuation of single acting cylinder with OFF Delay timer was done using PLC.
Ex No : Date :
CONTROL OF DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER WITH UP COUNTER USING PLC
AIM
Conduct the test to control the double acting cylinder with up counter using PLC
diagram.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
12. Compressor
13. FRL
14. Air tube
15. Single acting cylinder
16. Plc
17. RS logic starter software
18. 3/2 single solenoid valve
PROCEDURE:
1. Draw the circuit diagram.
2. Provide +24V and -24V from PLC trainer to electro pneumatic panel.
3. Open the RS logic starter software in desktop.
4. Interface PLC with the system using RS 232 cable.
5. Write a ladder diagram.
6. Output of the PLC (q1) is direct connecting to input of solenoid coil.
7. Following the operating procedure of RS logic starter software.
8. Connect the air supply to FRL unit.
9. Check the all circuit in panel and ladder diagram.
10. Run the PLC program
11. Cylinder will run continuously as ON, OFF with preset value in counter.
CIRCUIT (UP COUNTER)

RESULT
Thus the actuation of double acting cylinder completed with up counter using PLC.
Ex No : Date :
AUTOMATIC ACTUATION OF SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER USING PLC
AIM
Conduct the test to simulate the automatic sequence of single acting cylinder using PLC.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
12. Compressor
13. FRL
14. Air tube
15. Single acting cylinder
16. Plc
17. RS logic starter software
18. 3/2 single solenoid valve
PROCEDURE:
1. Draw the circuit diagram.
2. Provide +24V and -24V from PLC trainer to electro pneumatic panel.
3. Open the RS logic starter software in desktop.
4. Interface PLC with the system using RS 232 cable.
5. Write a ladder diagram.
6. Output of the PLC (q1) is direct connecting to input of solenoid coil.
7. Following the operating procedure of RS logic starter software.
8. Connect the air supply to FRL unit.
9. Check the all circuit in panel and ladder diagram.
10. Run the PLC program
11. Observe the working of single acting cylinder is automatic reciprocating.
CIRCUIT (Automatic Actuation Of Single Acting Cylinder)
RESULT
Thus the actuation of automatic sequence of single acting cylinder completed using PLC.
Ex No : Date :
AUTOMATIC ACTUATION OF DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER USING PLC
AIM
Conduct the test to simulate the automatic sequence of double acting cylinder using PLC.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
12. Compressor
13. FRL
14. Air tube
15. Single acting cylinder
16. Plc
17. RS logic starter software
18. 3/2 single solenoid valve
PROCEDURE:
1. Draw the circuit diagram.
2. Provide +24V and -24V from PLC trainer to electro pneumatic panel.
3. Open the RS logic starter software in desktop.
4. Interface PLC with the system using RS 232 cable.
5. Write a ladder diagram.
6. Output of the PLC (q1) & (q2)is direct connecting to input of solenoid coil.
7. Following the operating procedure of RS logic starter software.
8. Connect the air supply to FRL unit.
9. Check the all circuit in panel and ladder diagram.
10. Run the PLC program
11. Observe the working of double acting cylinder is automatic reciprocating.
CIRCUIT (Automatic Actuation Of Double Acting Cylinder)

RESULT
Thus the actuation of automatic sequence of double acting cylinder completed using
PLC.
Ex No : Date :
PLC CONTROL OF SEQUENCING CIRCUIT USING PLC LADDER DIAGRAM
AIM
Conduct the test to run a circuit for the sequence A+B+A-B- using PLC
APPARATUS REQUIRED
12. Compressor
13. FRL
14. Air tube
15. Double acting cylinder
16. Mini actuate cylinder
17. PLC
18. RS logic starter software
19. 3/2 single solenoid valve
PROCEDURE:
1. Draw the circuit diagram.
2. Provide +24V and -24V from PLC trainer to electro pneumatic panel.
3. Open the RS logic starter software in desktop.
4. Interface PLC with the system using RS 232 cable.
5. Write a ladder diagram.
6. Both outputs of PLC (q1,q2, q3,q4) are directly connected to inputs of solenoid coils.
7. Following the operating procedure of RS logic starter software.
8. Connect the air supply to FRL unit.
9. Check the all circuit in panel and ladder diagram.
10. Run the PLC program
11. Observe the working of double acting cylinder is automatic reciprocating using the circuit
A+B+A-B-
OBSERVATION
In this electro pneumatic circuit the push button FWR 1 and FWD2 both are actuate only the
solenoid coil s1will be energized the double acting cylinder rod will be extracted. If the any one of
this push button will press the solenoid coil s1 could not energized and then the cylinder rod should
not extracted.
OBSERVATION
In this electro pneumatic circuit the push button FWR 1, FWR 2 any one of this push button
we should press then only the solenoid coil s1will be energized the double acting cylinder rod will
be extracted. If both of this push button will press the solenoid coil s1 could not energized and then
the cylinder rod should not extracted.

RESULT
The ladder diagram for the automatic running of double acting cylinder is using this
circuit A+B+A-B-.is designed and executed.
Ex No : Date :
CONTROLLING THE SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER USING PUSH BUTTON
SWITCH
AIM
To construct a pneumatic circuit to control the single acting cylinder using push button
switch.

APPARATUS REQUIRED
12. Compressor
13. FRL
14. Air tube
15. Single acting cylinder
16. Batch card
PROCEDURE
1. Draw the circuit diagram.
2. Electro controller gives –ve voltage to pneumatic panel.
3. Input of push button is getting from solenoid valve output.
4. Connect the air supply to FRL unit.
5. Check all the connections carefully
6. Test the circuit.
7. Observe the working of the cylinder using the 3/2 single solenoid valve.

RESULT
Thus the movement of single acting cylinder was carried out using the 3/2 single solenoid
valve.
Ex No : Date :
CONTROLLING DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER USING PUSH BUTTON SWITCH
AIM
To construct a pneumatic circuit to control the double acting cylinder using push button
switch.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
8. Compressor
9. FRL
10. Air tube
11. 5/2 double solenoid valve
12. Double acting cylinder
13. Batch card
14. Electrical controller
PROCEDURE
1. Draw the circuit diagram and connect the air supply to FRL unit.
2. Provide power supply to the pneumatic trainer from control trainer by interfacing 24V +
and –
3. Input of push button is getting from solenoid valve output.
4. Check all the connections carefully
5. Test the circuit.
6. When the solenoid is given a signal by a push button switch. DCV is activated to double
acting cylinder.
7. When off button is pressed the signal solenoid are cut and the solenoids are de-energized
and the DCV comes to the original position.

RESULT
Thus the movement of double acting cylinder was carried out using the 5/2 double
solenoid valve.
Ex No : Date :
CONTROLLING DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER THROUGH SPDT SWITCH
AIM
To construct a pneumatic circuit to control the single acting cylinder using push button
switch.

APPARATUS REQUIRED
8. Compressor
9. FRL
10. Air tube
11. 5/2 double solenoid valve
12. Double acting cylinder
13. Batch card
14. Electrical controller
PROCEDURE
1. Draw the circuit diagram.
2. Provide power supply to the pneumatic trainer from control trainer by interfacing 24V +
and –
3. Using the SPDT switch energize the corresponding solenoid valve to get the desired
movement in the cylinder.
4. Supply the air to FRL unit.
5. Electro controller gives –ve voltage to pneumatic panel.
6. Input of push button is getting from solenoid valve output.
7. Connect the air supply to FRL unit.
8. Check all the connections carefully
9. Test the circuit.
10. Observe the working of the cylinder using the 3/2 single solenoid valve.

RESULT
Thus the movement of double acting cylinder was carried out using the 5/2 double
solenoid valve.
Ex No : Date :
ACTUATION OF SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER USING ON DELAY TIMER

AIM
Develop an electro pneumatic circuit to control the single acting cylinder through timer.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
11. Compressor
12. FRL
13. Air tube
14. 5/2 double solenoid valve
15. Double acting cylinder
16. Batch card
17. Electrical controller
PROCEDURE
1. Draw the circuit diagram.
2. Provide power supply to pneumatic trainer from electrical controller by interfacing the
+ve & -ve.
3. Using the SPDT switch energize the corresponding solenoid to get the desired movement
of the cylinder.
4. Actuate the time delay circuit.
5. From time delay give connection to single along cylinders according to time set.
6. Design and draw the pneumatic circuit.
7. Connect the air supply.
8. Test the circuit.
9. Observe the working of the cylinder

RESULT
Thus the movement of single acting cylinder was carried out using time delay.
Ex No : Date :
CONTINUOUS ACTUATION OF DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER USIN MAGNETIC
PROXIMITY SENSOR
AIM
Construct a pneumatic circuit to control the double acting cylinder electrically using
magnetic proximity sensor.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
10. Compressor
11. FRL
12. Air tube
13. 5/2 double solenoid valve
14. Double acting cylinder
15. Batch card
16. Electrical controller
17. sensors
PROCEDURE
1. Draw the circuit diagram.
2. Connect the circuit diagram in all components.
3. Connect air supply to FRL unit.
4. Connect the electrical circuit from electrical controller to panel (24+ and 24-)
5. Connect proximity sensors output to 5/2 double solenoid valve input.
6. Check all circuit in panel.
7. Test the circuit
8. Observe the working in double acting cylinder activated.

RESULT
Thus the movement of double acting cylinder was carried out using the magnetic
proximity sensor.
Ex No : Date :
CONTROLLING PRESSURE VARIABLE THROUGH PID CONTROLLER
AIM
Conduct the test to observe the performance of PID controller on Pressure Process.
APPARUTUS REQUIRED
1. VMPA-62A
2. VDPID-03
3. PC with process control and Lab View software.
4. Patch chords
5. RS 232 cable and loop cable.
HAND VALVE SETTINGS
HV1 - Fully Open
HV2 - Fully Open
HV3 - Fully Close
HV4 - Partially Open
PRESSURE RANGE
Input - 0 to 250 mm WC
Output - 4 to 20 mA
PROCEDURE
1. Ensure the availability of water.
2. Interface the digital controller with process and PC.
3. Make the connection as per connection diagram.
4. Ensure hand valve settings are correct.
5. Switch ON VMPA-62A unit and digital controller with PC.
6. Invoke process control software or lab view software.
7. Select pressure PID.
 8. Heater/Pump ON switch should be in pump mode.
9. Enter the parameters and observe the response of various controllers at various set points.
10. Stop the process.
11. Save the response and conclude the behavior of pressure process.

TABULATION

S.No Time in (sec) Pressure in(N/mm2)

RESULT
Thus the performance of the PID controller on pressure process was studied.
Ex No : Date :
CONTROLLING FLOW VARIABLE THROUGH PID CONTROLLER
AIM
Conduct the test to observe the performance of PID controller on Flow Process.
APPARUTUS REQUIRED
1. VMPA-62A
2. VDPID-03
3. PC with process control and Lab View software.
4. Patch chords
5. RS 232 cable and loop cable.
HAND VALVE SETTINGS
HV1 - Fully Open
HV2 - Fully Open
HV3 - Fully Close
HV4 - Fully Open
FLOW RANGE
Input - 50 to 500 LPH
Output - 4 to 20 mA DC
PROCEDURE
1. Ensure the availability of water.
2. Interface the digital controller with process and PC.
3. Take the connection as per connection diagram.
4. Ensure hand valve settings are correct.
5. Switch ON VMPA-62A unit and digital controller with PC.
6. Invoke process control software or lab view software.
7. Select Flow PID.
8. Heater/Pump ON switch should be in pump mode.
9. Enter the parameters and observe the response of various controllers at various set points.
10. Stop the process.
11. Save the response and conclude the behavior of Flow process.
TABULATION
TIME FLOW
S.NO
(sec) (LPH)
Ex No : Date :
CONTROLLING TEMPERATURE VARIABLE THROUGH PID CONTROLLER
AIM
Conduct the test to observe the performance of PID controller on Temperature Process.
APPARUTUS REQUIRED
1. VMPA-62A
2. VDPID-03
3. PC with process control and Lab View software.
4. Patch chords
5. RS 232 cable and loop cable.
HAND VALVE SETTINGS
HV1 - Partially Open
HV2 - Fully Close
HV3 - Fully Open
TEMPERATUR RANGE
Input - 0 to 100ºc
Output - 4 to 20 mA DC
PROCEDURE
1. Ensure the availability of water.
2. Interface the digital controller with process and PC.
3. Make the connection as per connection diagram.
4. Ensure hand valve settings are correct.
5. Switch ON VMPA-62A unit and digital controller with PC.
6. Invoke process control software or lab view software.
7. Select temperature PID.
8. Heater/Pump ON switch should be in pump mode.
9. Enter the parameters and observe the response of various controllers at various set points.
10. Stop the process.
11. Save the response and conclude the behavior of pressure process.

RESULT
Thus the performance of the PID controller on Temperature Process was studied.
Ex No : Date :
DESIGN AND TESTING FOR ACTUATION OF HYDRUALIC CYLINDER TO FIND
OUT FORCE Vs PRESSURE
AIM
To actuate the hydraulic cylinder and find out the force Vs pressure.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Oil tank
2. Single phase motor
3. Pressure relief valve
4. 4/3 double acting solenoid valve
5. Double acting cylinder
6. Load cell
7. Data activation card than lab view software.
PROCEDURE
1. Switch on the electrical power supply with motor.
2. Switch on the power supply to the control unit
3. Open the lab view software in the system.
4. Interface hydraulic trainer with system using RS-232
5. Open the force, go to operate, click the run then power on
6. Now extend the system by pressing the up button.
7. Load cell indicates the force value in the monitor.
8. Now adjust the pressure regulator and set the maximum pressure as 25 Kg/cm2
9. Retract the cylinder.
10. Once again forward the cylinder; you have adjusted the pressure in pressure regulator.
11. You have seen the force in monitoring
12.Repeat the force value for different pressure.
TABULATION

S.No Pressure in Kg/cm2 Displayed force in Kg Calculate force in Kg % of errors

CALCULATION
FOR€E
(a) PRESSURE= Kg/Cm2
AREA

3.1428
(b) AREA= X D² Cm2
4
D- Cylinder diameter
Cylinder diameter=40mm
Cylinder rod diameter=30mm
Cylinder stroke length= 150mm
Displayed force–€alculated force X 10
(C) % of Error=
Displayed force

MODEL CALCULATION

RESULT
The Actuation of Hydraulic Cylinder Was Carried Out.
Ex No : Date :
DESIGN AND TESTING FOR ACTUATION OF HYDRUALIC CYLINDER TO FIND
OUT SPEED Vs DISCHARGE
AIM
To actuate the hydraulic cylinder and find out the Speed Vs Discharge.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Oil tank
2. Single phase motor
3. Gear pump.
4. Pressure relief valve
5. 4/3 double acting solenoid valve
6. Flow control valve.
7. Double acting cylinder
8. Load cell
9. Data activation card than lab view software.
PROCEDURE
10. Switch on the electrical power supply with motor.
11. Switch on the power supply to the control unit
12. Open the lab view software in the system.
13. Interface hydraulic trainer with system using RS-232
14. Open the speed, go to operate, click the run then power on
15. Now regulate the flow control valve contract the system by pressing down position. After
seen monitor in velocity cm/sec.
16. Now regulate the flow control valve and set the maximum flow to find the up and
velocity
17. Repeat the velocity values for different flows.
 TABULATION
S.no Velocity in Up Velocity in Down Discharge in Up Discharge in Down
(Cm/Sec) (Cm/Sec) (Lits/Sec) (Lits/Sec)

CALCULATION
FLOW
(a) Velocity (Speed) = Cm/ Sec
AREA

n
(b) AREA= X D² Cm2
4
Flow = Discharge (Q) in lits/sec
Flow =Velocity x Area
MODEL CALCULATION

RESULT
The Actuation of Hydraulic Cylinder Was Carried Out.
Ex No : Date :
SERVO CONTROLLER INTERFACING FOR OPEN LOOP SYSTEM
AIM
To study the performance of open loop by using servo motor.
COMPONENTS REQUIRED
1. AC Servo motor
2. PLC
3. WINPRO Ladder software
4. Pc, connecting cable
5. Patch card
PROCEDURE
OPEN LOOP SYSTEM
1. Load the WIN Pro ladder software in Pc
2. Open the PLC trainer
3. Connect the PLC servo controller kit
4. Open the new folder and draw the ladder logic diagram.
5. Connect drive and Pc.
6. Set the speed and direction and other drives
7. Connect the PLC and Pc and run the program.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
OBSERVATION
In the open loop circuit we design function for run the AC servo motor and the control
the speed or positions. We give that input command 200 rpm or 230 ˚ angle. In the input
commands the open loop system act not accurate because the some error signals occurred due to
some voltage deviations. So the output of the open loop system is not accurate.

TABULATION:

S.No INPUT SPEED OUTPUT SPEED ERROR %

(rpm) (measured by tachometer)
(rpm)
1 230 220 4.5
2 300 280 7.1
3 500 485 3

RESULT
Thus the performance for AC servo motor was studied for open loop system.
Ex No : Date :
SERVO CONTROLLER INTERFACING FOR CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM
AIM
To study the performance of closed loop by using servo motor.
COMPONENTS REQUIRED
1. AC Servo motor
2. PLC
3. WINPRO Ladder software
4. Pc, connecting cable
5. Patch card
PROCEDURE
CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM
1. Load the WIN Pro ladder software in Pc
2. Open the PLC trainer
3. Connect the PLC and servo controller unit.
4. Logic diagram
5. Connect the drive and Pc
6. Run the program.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
OBSERVATION
In the closed loop system we control the AC motor speed as well as position. In the closed
loop system control’s output signals based on feedback device. In the feedback device is connected
in to the output side to input comparator side. So in this closed loop system reduces the error
signals based on the feedback device and then the output will more accurate.
TABULATION

S.No INPUT SPEED OUTPUT SPEED ERROR %

(rpm) (measured by tachometer)
(rpm)
1 230 229.5 0.21
2 300 300 0
3 500 500 0
RESULT
Thus the performance for AC servo motor was studied for closed loop system.