UNIT-VIII: Bracket connections, Riveted & Welded connections design

of joints.
Eccentric Connection: If the applied forces do not pass through C. G. of
joint , it causes an additional moment about the C. G. and these types
connections are called eccentric connections.
The stresses induced due to these eccentric connections are known as
secondary stresses because they arise due to geometric dissimilarity.
The connections which do not permit any relative rotation between
the beam and column and are expected to resist moments in addition
to end reactions are termed as moment connections or rigid
connections.

When the bracket is made up of two plates connected to the column

flanges as shown in fig. it is called bracket connection type -1.
bracket connection type -1
bracket connection type -1
s=size of the weld
Throat thickness of the weld (t) = 0.7*s
Area of the weld (Aw) = length of the weld (lw) * t
 TYPE-2 CONNECTIONS

The permissible stress in the fillet weld is 108 MPa as per IS:1816-1969.The shear
strength of a fillet weld is given by the P = pq *l*t
P = strength of the joint
Pq = permissible stress
l= effective length
t= throat thickness = K*s
s=weld size
k= constant (0.7)
Example: Find the safe load P carried by the joint shown in fig. The
rivets are power driven 20 mm dia at a pitch of 80 mm. The thickness of
the flange is 9.1 mm and that of the bracket plate 10mm.

F2 F1
θ
A
rn
160mm
θ

60 mm

Solution:
Nominal diameter of rivet = 20mm
Gross diameter = 20 + 1.5 =21.5 mm
Rivet value in single shear = 2

Rivet value in bearing = 21.5* 9.1*300 = 58,695 N

Hence the rivet value = 36305 N
Number of rivets, n = 10
The rivet A is stressed maximum
F1=
F2 = ∑
rn = 2 = 170.88 mm
2

= 4[(1602+602) + (802 + 602)] + 2*602 = 164000 mm2.

e = 200mm
∗ ∗ .
F2 = = 0.20839P
Cos θ = = 0.3511
.
The resultant force on the rivet should be equal to the rivet value
R= 1 2 =
2 2 = 0.26088223P
0.26088223P=36305
P = 139162 N = 139.162 kN
Example: Design a bracket connection to support an end reaction of 200 kN. The
eccentricity of the load is 250 mm as shown in fig.

100kN
250mm

A
60mm
rn ISHB 150 200kN
60mm

C θ G
60mm

60mm

60mm
250mm

Solution: The end reaction is transferred on to the two

90mm
bracket plates as shown in fig. Thus the load for which
the bracket connection is to be designed is P= 200/2 =
100kN.
20 mm power driven rivets,
Rivet value in single shear = 2

The thickness of the bracket plate required, 36305.03 = 21.5*t*300, t= 5.628 mm

Provide 8 mm thick plate. The minimum pitch of the rivets = 2.5*21.5 = 53.75 mm
Provide 20 mm dia rivets at p= 60 mm c/c.
Let us provide rivets in two (n’ = 2) rows,
Number of rivets in each row, n = (p*n’*R) =
3 = 5.867 say 6 no's in each row.
∗
Force on critical rivet A: F1= = = 8333.33 N
F2 = ∑
, e= 250 mm, rn = 2 2 = 156.60 mm
2 = 4*[(1502+452) + (902 + 452) +(302 +452)] = 150300
∗ ∗ ∗ .
F2 = = 26047.9 N
Cos θ = = 0.2873
.
resultant force F on the critical rivet, F =
=29540.8N < 36305.03
N, hence safe.
Example3: A bracket plate is used to transfer the reaction of a beam to a
column flange as shown in fig. The bracket plate is connected to the
column flange by a 6 mm fillet weld. Compute the maximum load that
can be placed over the bracket plates at a distance of 75 mm from the
flange of the column section.
P
75mm
r 2P
100mm θ
100mm O

200mm
ISHB 350 @ 0.576 kN/m
75mm

Let 2P be the load

Size of weld = 6mm
Effective throat thickness, t= 0.7*6= 4.2 mm
Let be the distance of the centroid of the weld group from the left
edge of the bracket plate.
= = 66.66 mm
Ixx = + 2*[ + 200*4.2*1002]= 1960.2*104 mm4.
Iyy = + 200*4.2*66.662 + 2*[ + 200*4.2*(100-66.66)2] =
1120.12*104 mm4.
J = Ixx + Iyy = 3080.32*104 mm4.
r = distance of extreme point of weld from the C. G. of the weld group
= 2 2=166.72 mm

Direct shear stress τvf1= = 0.0003968P N/mm2.

Shear stress due to twisting moment = =
0.0011313P N/mm2.
Cos θ = = 0.80
Resultant shear stress =
2 2 =
1.4656*10-3P
Resultant shear should not exceed 108 N/mm2
1.4656*10-3P = 108
P = 73689.95 N = 73.69 kN
The total load that the bracket can support = 2*73.69 = 147.38 kN
Example: A bracket plate is welded to the flange of a column section
ISHB300 @ 0.618 kN/m, as shown in fig. Calculate the size of the weld
required to support a load of 110 kN.
110kN
Let be the distance of the centroid of the weld
group from the left edge of the bracket plate.
80mm
t = throat thickness
r =
∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
= 60.606 mm
130mm θ ∗ ∗ ∗
130mm O Hence, eccentricity of the load = (200-60.606) + 80
200mm = 219.4 mm
∗ ∗
Ixx = 2*[ + (200*t)*1302] + =
822.466*104t mm4.

∗ ∗
Iyy = 2*[ + t*200*(100-60.606)2] + + 260*t*60.6062 = 290.9*104t mm4.
∗
In Iyy the term can be neglected as t is very small
Ixx + Iyy = (822.466t + 290.9t)*104= 1113.366*104 t mm4.
.
r= 2 2 = 190.606 mm, cos θ = = 0.73132
.
∗ .
Direct shear stress, τvf1 = = N/mm2.
∗ ∗
Shear stress due to twisting moment, τvf2 = =
413.15/t
Resultant stress = τvf12 τvf22 τvf1∗τvf2*cosθ = 546.97/t
The combined stress should not exceed 108 N/mm2.
546.97/t = 108
t= 5.06 mm
Hence size of the weld = 5.06/0.7 = 7.23 mm say 8 mm
Provide 8 mm fillet welds.
Example: A bracket plate 10 mm thick is used to transmit a reaction
of100 kN at an eccentricity of 100 mm from the column flange as
shown in fig. Design the weld.
100kN
100 mm Solution: The joint can be designed as a butt
welded or fillet welded joint.

210mm
(a) Butt weld: Let us provide a double J- butt weld.
Effective throat thickness, t = thickness of
bracket plate = 10 mm.
Depth of the bracket plate d = =
10 mm thick bracket
∗ ∗ ∗
ISHB 300
∗
= 190.06 mm, provide a depth of
@ 0.5678 kN/m
210 mm.

∗
Direct shear stress, 𝑣𝑓 ∗
2

∗ ∗ ∗
Actual bending stress, σb = = = 136.05 N/mm2.
∗
Check 𝑏𝑐 , 𝑡
2
𝜏𝑣𝑓
2 < 𝑒
= 2 2 = 159.098 N/mm2 <0.9* 250 N/mm2= 225 N/mm2. Safe.
 d

X X

Ixx =
Zxx = Ixx/(d/2) = t*d2/6
t
σbt = M/Zxx or Zxx = M/ σbt

d=
Fillet weld: maximum size of fillet weld = 10-1.5 = 8.5 mm
Minimum size of the fillet weld = 5 mm
Let us provide a 6 mm filet weld.
Effective throat thickness = 0.7*6 = 4.2 mm
d= 𝑣𝑓 = 3 =
257.17 mm say 280 mm
Provide depth of the bracket plate = 280 mm
𝑣𝑓 , 𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 42.517 N/mm2.
𝑣𝑓1, 𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 91.10 N/mm2 , (e=100mm)
Resultant stress = 2 2 = 2 2 =
100.53 N/mm2 < 108 N/mm2 (safe)
*********

M = P*e = 100*100*103 N-mm

1. Design a butt weld to connect a 12 mm thick bracket plate to the
flange of a column. The bracket is to transmit a load of 100 kN at an
eccentricity of 150mm. Permissible bending stress in weld = 165
N/mm2.

100kN
15 cm

12 mm thick bracket plate

Example 2: Calculate the size of a fillet weld required to join a bracket
plate with the flange of a column loaded as shown in fig. with 58 kN
load at 150 mm from the flange of column.
58 kN
150mm
250mm
Example: (a) Explain about the types of failures of riveted joints.
(b) Discuss about the bracket connections with neat sketches.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3o5B56tT
01o

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OU6y5LzA4YY

https://archive.nptel.ac.in/courses/105/105/105105162/
Example: Design a riveted bracket connection for a column with bracket
subjected to a load of 200 kN at eccentricity of 150 mm. Use 20 mm dia.
rivets. Sketch the details.
Solution: P = 200 kN
Eccentricity, e = 150 mm
Rivet dia = 20 mm
Gross dia of the rivet = 20 + 1.5 = 21.5 mm
.
Rivet value in single shear = π* * 100 = π* * 100 = 36305.0 N
Let t be the thickness of the bracket plate
Plate bearing strength = 21.5*t*300 = 36305
t= 6.52 mm, let us provide 8 mm thick plate.
Let there will be two columns of rivets n’= 2
Pitch of the rivets, p = 2.5*21.5 = 53.75mm say 60 mm
∗ ∗ ∗
Number of rivets required in a column, n = = = 6.43 say 7 rivers
∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
Provide7no.s in each column.
Force in each rivet due to direct load, F1 = 200/14 = 14.29 kN
Force in critical rivet due to moment , F2 = 200*150*rn/ 𝑛 = 200*150*185.54/225900 =
24.64 kN
 200kN
150mm

A 60
r= 2 2= 185.54 mm

60
60
60
60
60

𝑛
2 =4[(452+1802)+(452+1202)+(452+602)]= 225900
90mm
Cos θ = 60/185.54 = 0.323
Resultant force on A =
2 2 =
32.23kN < 36.305 kN (safe)