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    Physical Science Reviewer

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    Mary Angeline L. Batac
    The document discusses atomic structure and the synthesis of new elements. It explains that the mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons, while the atomic number refers specifically to the number of protons. It then discusses how scientists like Dmitri Mendeleev and Henry Moseley organized the elements in the periodic table based on atomic number. The document also summarizes how scientists have synthesized new elements by accelerating particles in accelerators and cyclotrons to bombard other elements, producing the first artificial element technetium and later heavier transuranium elements.

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    Physical Science Reviewer

    Uploaded by

    Mary Angeline L. Batac
    14 views3 pages
    The document discusses atomic structure and the synthesis of new elements. It explains that the mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons, while the atomic number refers specifically to the number of protons. It then discusses how scientists like Dmitri Mendeleev and Henry Moseley organized the elements in the periodic table based on atomic number. The document also summarizes how scientists have synthesized new elements by accelerating particles in accelerators and cyclotrons to bombard other elements, producing the first artificial element technetium and later heavier transuranium elements.

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    PHYSICAL SCIENCE REVIEWER

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    The document discusses atomic structure and the synthesis of new elements. It explains that the mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons, while the atomic number refers specifically to the number of protons. It then discusses how scientists like Dmitri Mendeleev and Henry Moseley organized the elements in the periodic table based on atomic number. The document also summarizes how scientists have synthesized new elements by accelerating particles in accelerators and cyclotrons to bombard other elements, producing the first artificial element technetium and later heavier transuranium elements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    14 views3 pages

    Physical Science Reviewer

    Uploaded by

    Mary Angeline L. Batac
    The document discusses atomic structure and the synthesis of new elements. It explains that the mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons, while the atomic number refers specifically to the number of protons. It then discusses how scientists like Dmitri Mendeleev and Henry Moseley organized the elements in the periodic table based on atomic number. The document also summarizes how scientists have synthesized new elements by accelerating particles in accelerators and cyclotrons to bombard other elements, producing the first artificial element technetium and later heavier transuranium elements.

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    PHYSICAL SCIENCE REVIEWER

    Atomic Number and Synthesis of New Elements

    Mass Number -The sum of the number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of an atom.

    Atomic Number -It refers to the number of protons in the nucleus of an element.

    Accelerator -A devise used in increasing the electrically charged atomic particle.

    Technetium -It is the first ever man-made element developed.

    Deuteron -A particle that consists of proton and neutron in synthesizing element in cyclotron

    DMITRI MENDELEEV

     He arranged the elements in eight groups but left no gaps for undiscovered
    elements.
     1869, Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev created the framework that became
    the modern periodic table

    HENREY MOSLEY

     In 1913 arranged the elements in the periodic table based on their increasing atomic
    number.

    X is element symbol

    A is the mass number

    Z is the atomic number


    Mass number (A) = number of protons (p+) + number of neutrons (n0) = Atomic number (Z) +
    number of neutrons (n0)
    Atomic number (Z) = number of protons (p+) = number of electrons (e- ) Number of neutrons
    (n0) = Mass number (A) - number of protons (p+)
    Note: Protons are positive charge, electrons are negative charge and neutrons
    are neutral or no charge

    THE SYNTHESIS OF NEW ELEMENTS

     Most of the elements are found naturally, but there are some elements can be produced
    in the laboratories.
     The scientists used particle accelerator to synthesize new synthetic elements.
     The particle accelerator is a device used to speed up the electrically charged atomic
    particles or subatomic particles by using magnetic and electrical fields.

    Uranium, Element 92

     was the heaviest element discovered in 1930

    Technetium, Element 43

     The first man-made element.


     It was made in year 1937.
     It was created by Ernest Lawrence
     used linear particle accelerator in creating element 43 by bombarding the atoms of
    molybdenum with atomic number 42 with fast moving electrons.

    Astatine, Atomic No. 85

     synthesized by the collaboration of three great scientists, Emilio Segre, Kenneth


    Mackenzie and Dale Corson
     created in Year 1940.
     by bombarding the atoms of element bismuth with Bismuth, atomic number 83 using the
    fast moving alpha particle

    Neptunium, Atomic Number 93

     was created in year 1940


     made by Edwin McMillan
     used particle accelerator to bombard uranium with neutrons.

    Plutonium, Element 94

     was created in year 1940


     made by the four scientists namely, Glenn Seaborg, Edwin McMillan, Joseph Kennedy
    and Arthur Wahl.
     Created by bombarding the uranium with deuterons in the cyclotron.

    CYCLOTRON -is a particle accelerator used in alternating electric field to accelerate


    particles that move in a spiral path in the presence of a magnetic field.

    TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS
    -elements with atomic number higher than 92 are belong to the group or family of transuranium
    elements.
    -neptunium and plutonium have atomic number 93 and 94 respectively are grouped in the family
    of transuranium elements.
    -These elements are unstable and radioactively decay into other elements
    -The transuranium elements are created using nuclear reactors or particle accelerators. The
    particle accelerators are used to create new elements in the laboratory. These elements are
    synthesized in the laboratory and considered as synthetic elements.

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