Alcantara, John Lharzen B.

BAFM 1-F

Unit 1 Lesson 7
Pre-Test
Direction. Remember and Comment: Make your memory work and recall cultural practices you
might be familiar about.

1. What does the word culture mean to you?

Culture is a combination of beliefs, tradition, language, social habits, customs and the
like. Culture is the manifestation of human intellectual achievement. It can be pass through in
different generations and
2. Do all cultures eat the same foods?
NO
C_____3. Which country is known as the Land of the Rising Sun?
a. Philippines
b. Malaysia
c. Japan
d. Thailand

FLAG 4. Circle the American symbol below.

A 5. This advocates respect for cultural uniqueness, tolerance for differences, and
adherence to the principle of cultural diversity.
a. cultural pluralism
b. cultural diversity
c. cultural relativism
d. ethnocentrism
B 6. Cultural norms refer to individual expectations of what constitutes proper or improper
behavior.
a. True
b. False
c. Neither true or false
d. None of the above

A 7. This is the strategy when a co-culture member wants to fit in or join with members of
the dominant culture.
a. Assimilation
b. Accommodation
c. Separation
d. None of the Above

A 8. This advocates respect for cultural uniqueness, tolerance for differences, and
adherence to the principle of cultural diversity.
a. cultural pluralism
b. cultural diversity
c. cultural relativism
d. ethnocentrism
Reflection/Learning Insights
Direction. Choose ten (10) cultural practices and orientation you happen to be familiar about and
try to compare it with other country’s cultural practice.

Philippine Cultural Practices

Pagmamano/Honoring Gesture
Pagmamano is not a thing that other countries were used to doing. In other counties they
make beso-beso or kissing in the cheek to greet one another. Here in the Philippines, pagmamano
is to show respect to the elders. In Islamic religion, they do the salam or kissing in the hand to
show respect to their elders. Pagmamano is an expression that we Filipinos were doing up until
now.
Bayanihan/Cooperation
The bayanihan is one of the well-known cultures here in the Philippines. The most
effective example of this one is moving a nipa hut or bahay-kubo from one place to another. This
kind of culture shows that whatever disaster, problem and circumstances may arrive, Filipino
people will always come to help and is united as one. In other countries, they are most likely to
show their care and love for their fellow by donating and giving money which is quite different
from the culture here in the Philippines.
Panghaharana/Courtship
Panghaharana is the way of courtship here in the Philippines decades ago. Here is where
the boys were singing in front of a girl’s house to show his love for her. A boy usually sings a
song to be accompanied with guitar and different musical instruments. In some situations, they
are also singing together with friends while the girl is inside the house staring outside the
window where she can see her suitor from a far. Unlike here in the Philippines, many other
countries use flowers, dinner, wine and the like to show their affection for the girl. They make a
date to see if they will be compatible or not. Dating is what they are used to, to find their partner.
Pamahiin/Superstition
Filipino people have a lot of pamahiin. We Filipinos believe that there are things that we
need to consider before doing something. We Filipino people usually believe that if the spoon or
fork dropped, there must be someone who come and knock in our house. Have you ever heard of
the belief that do not go if you saw a black cat who cross the way while you are walking? This is
also one of the most prominent superstitions that I have heard. There’s also a superstition that if
you have smelled a fish sauce around you but no one is cooking, there must be an element
nearby. These superstitious is still being passed through generations. One of the superstitions I
know in America is the belief that is the 13th day of the month falls under Friday, a person should
put extra care because they believe that it will bring bad luck.
Pista/Fiesta
Filipino people used to have many gatherings celebrating the different feasts of the saints.
Aside from having the saint’s feast celebrated, Filipino people also used to celebrate many other
festivals. Some of these festivals were Panagbenga, Minasa, Ati-atihan, Sinulog, Maskara
Festival. These types of festivals where specially made to show different products from different
provinces and municipalities. Most of the time, there were these dancers dancing with the
accompaniment of different specialized music for the said festivals. They are also dancing in the
street while walking until they are able to reach the place where all of the participants go. Unlike
in many other countries, I think Filipino people is the only citizen who are celebrating these
kinds of feasts.
Kumakain ng naka-kamay/Eating with hands
Pagkakamay is also one of the signature cultures of Filipino people. In other countries,
they used the most common spoon and fork to be able to feed themselves and help them in
eating. There are also countries which uses chopsticks to get their food and stuff it in their
mouth, here in the Philippines, its completely different. There are also Filipino people who uses
spoon and fork while eating but most of the time, pagkakamay is way easier than using some
other utensils. Eating with bare hands usually avoid being choked with fish bone.
Bahay Kubo/Nipa Hut
Bahay kubo is a house structure here in the Philippines which is made from pawid. This
kind of house can only be seen here in the Philippines. The structure of houses in other countries
where made of hollow block, cement and the like. That type of house is called concrete house
and is also known as the modern house.
Panghihilot/Theraphy
Hilot is also one of the well-known types of healing here in the Philippines. Most of the
Filipino people who are living in the provinces who does not have enough medical machineries
and tools depend their health to the so-called manghihilot. When a child has a common cold or
body ache a parent will not bring his/her child in the hospital, instead the child will be brought in
to a place where the manghihilot lives. Parents from other country will bring their child in as
early as possible to be able to ask the doctor what is happening to their children. Here in the
Philippines is a different belief in curing diseases.
Paghalik sa Nazareno
Paghalik sa Poong Nazareno is one of the most known customs here in the Philippines.
Most of the devoted Catholic are going to Quiapo, Manila just to be able to wipe their things in
the Black Nazarene. The belief is that it brings a good luck to whoever join the annual
celebration of Black Nazarene. Devoted individuals will really take time to attend this special
day. Since there are lots of people who attend this special day, there are people who are passing
out due to severe heat stroke and the like.
Post-Test
Direction. Read the statement in each number. Then, circle the letter of your answer.

A 1. Culture encompasses religion, food, language, marriage, music, beliefs, clothes and
how they are being worn, the way a certain group of people sit, the way everyone greets and
accepts visitors, behavior and a million things.
a. True
b. False

B 2. In territoriality everything has its own time, and time is not easily scheduled. gradual
change occurs as to some as time goes by.
a. True
b. False

A 3. Low context culture concerns high value on words rather than nonverbal clues.
a. True
b. False

B 4. High context culture high preference and emphasize on appointments on time,

management of schedules, and punctuality.
a. True
b. False

A 5. Japan, China, and some countries in Asia are categorized as nations belonging to high
context cultures.
a. True
b. False
B 6. Assimilation is used when co-culture members attempt to maintain their cultural
identity even while they strive to establish relationships with members of the dominant culture.
a. True
b. False

A 7. Ethnocentrism is the tendency to see own culture as superior to all others. This is also
the key factor why most intercultural communication efforts fail.
a. True
b. False

A 8. Communication is central to the construction, maintenance and transmission of culture,

as well as to cultural resistance, change and diverse cultural practices.
a. True
b. False

B 9. United States, Australia and some parts of Western Europe are examples of countries
with low-context cultures.
a. True
b. False

A 10.When people experience cultural relativism, they view the group to which they belong
as superior to all others.
a. True
b. False