Course

Chapter’s Name: Motion in 1 D
Lecture No. : Review Lecture

Faculty Name: Karmendra Tyagi
KINEMATICS:
Study of motion without discussing its cause
MOTION IN 1 D:
1. Uniform motion
2.Under uniform acceleration
3. Under non uniform acceleration
MOTION IN 2 D:
1. Projectile Motion
2. Circular Motion
Variable of Kinematics
1.Position
Distance And Displacement
Distance
Displacement
Speed And Velocity
Average Speed
Average Velocity
Ramlal moves with speeds v1 , v2 and v3 for time intervals t1 ,
t2 and t3 respectively . What is his average speed during total
time of motion ?
t1 t2 t3
v1 v2 v3
Ramlal moves distances x1 , x2 and x3 with speeds v1 , v2 and
v3 respectively . What is his average speed during total time of
motion ?
x1 x2 x3
v1 v2 v3
A particle moves 40m with speed 5m/s. Then next 60m
with speed 30m/s. Find average speed of the particle.
A particle moves at speeds v1 and v2 for equal time
intervals . Find the average speed.
A vehicle travels half the distance with speed v1 and other
half with speed v2. The average speed of the vehicle is
______________
A point traversed half of the distance with a speed v0. The remaining
part of the distance was covered with speed v1 and v2 for equal time
intervals. The mean speed of the point, averaged over the whole
time of motion is ________________
A point moves with speed v0 for half of total time of motion. For the
remaining time, it moves with speed v1 and v2 and covers equal
distances. The mean speed of the point, averaged over the whole
time of motion is ________________
Instantaneous speed
u
Instantaneous Velocity
Difference between distance and displacement in motion in 1D
If a particle moves along a straight line without stopping or coming back, its
= distance
Check if the velocity becomes zero in the given time interval. If yes break the interval at
the time instant of zero velocity. Get separate displacements of all intervals and add their
magnitudes.
Position of a particle is given by: 2 (m). find distance
covered from t=0 to t=3s
Comparison Between Average Speed and Average Velocity
Comparison Between Instantaneous Speed and Instantaneous Velocity

Acceleration
Average Acceleration
Instantaneous Acceleration
Motion In 1-D
Under Uniform Acceleration
=
av
av
Motion In 1-D
Under Uniform Acceleration (Motion under Gravity)
The engine and the last cabin of an accelerating train crosses
an electric pole when the speeds of the train is 1m/s and 7m/s,
respectively. Determine the speed of the train when exactly
mid point of the train is crossing the pole.
In a car race on a straight path, car takes a time less than car
at the finish and passes finishing point with a speed ' ' more than
that of car . Both the cars start from rest and travel with constant
acceleration and respectively. Then ' ' is equal to
(2019 Main, 09 Jan II )
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
A ball is thrown vertically upwards from the ground. It crosses a
point at the height of 25 m twice at an interval of 4 secs. The ball
was thrown with the velocity of
(A) 20m/sec. (B) 25 m/sec. (C) 30m/sec. (D) 35 m/sec
A body initially at rest is moving with uniform acceleration. Its
velocity after n seconds is v. find displacement of last 2 seconds.
IMPORTANT RESULTS OF MOTION IN 1-D UNDER UNIFORM
ACCELERATION
if initial velocity u=0 and acceleration is uniform then

Ratio of displacements covered in equal successive time intervals is
1 : 3 : 5 : 7………..
if initial velocity u=0 and acceleration is uniform then

Ratio of time intervals to cover equal successive displacements is
1 : (√2-1) : (√3- √2) : (√4- √3) ………..
IMPORTANT RESULTS OF MOTION IN 1-D UNDER UNIFORM
ACCELERATION
A particle is dropped from height h :
Time to fall T =
Final Velocity v =
Motion In 1-D
Slope of a-t graph = jerk

= da/dt
= 0
Motion In 1-D
Area under a-t graph = v - u
v – u= area
Area = at = v - u
Motion In 1-D
Slope of v-t graph = acceleration

= dv/dt
Area = at = v - u
Motion In 1-D
Area under v-t graph = x – x0 = s
Area above t axis = +ve displacement
Area above t axis = -ve displacement

Motion In 1-D
A particle moves along a straight line, x. At time t = 0, its position is
at x = 0. The velocity, v, of the object changes as a function of time t,
as indicated in the figure; t is in s, v in m/s and x in m.
(a) What is x at t = 3 s?
(b) What is the instantaneous acceleration at t = 2 s?
O 3
1 2
-3
The acceleration of a cart which started moving at t = 0, varies with
time as shown in figure . Draw the position-time and velocity time
graph. Find the distance travelled in 30 seconds.
10 20 30
-5
5
30
10 20
-5
50
10 20 30
5
20 30
10 1000
-5
750
50
250
10 20 30
10 20 30
A car starts from rest with uniform acceleration a . After sometime it starts to
decelerate at uniform rate b and finally comes to rest . Find maximum speed
and total displacement of the car if total time of motion is T.
Non-uniform Acceleration
MOTION IN 1 D / RECTILINEAR MOTION

The acceleration of the particle moving in straight line is given
by a = 4t-30 where a is in m/s2 = and t is in sec. Determine
the velocity and displacement as function of time. The initial
position at t = 0 is s0 = – 5m and the initial velocity is v0=3m/s.
Starting from rest at t = 0, a particle moves in a straight line
away from the origin with a speed given by v = Bt2, where B is
a constant equal to 3 m/s3.
(a) How far from the origin is the particle after 2 seconds?
(b) What is the average acceleration of the particle over the
interval from 0 to 2 seconds?
SLOPE
The graph to the right is a plot of position versus time. For which
labeled region is the velocity positive and the acceleration
negative?
(A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d
a d
b c
O
A particle is initially at rest, It is subjected to a linear
acceleration a , as shown in the figure. The maximum speed
attained by the particle is
(A) 605 m/s (B) 110 m/s (C) 55 m/s (D) 550 m/s
10
11
A body initially at rest, starts moving along x-axis in such a way
so that its acceleration vs displacement plot is as shown in
figure. The maximum velocity of particle is
(A) 1 m/s (B) 6 m/s (C) 2 m/s (D) none
0.5 1

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Chapter’s Name: Motion in 1 D

Lecture No. : Review Lecture

Comparison Between Instantaneous Speed and Instantaneous Velocity

if initial velocity u=0 and acceleration is uniform then

if initial velocity u=0 and acceleration is uniform then

A particle is dropped from height h :

Slope of a-t graph = jerk

Area under a-t graph = v - u

Slope of v-t graph = acceleration

Area under v-t graph = x – x0 = s

Area above t axis = +ve displacement

Area above t axis = -ve displacement

MOTION IN 1 D / RECTILINEAR MOTION

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