Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 16 views

    Examples: Mailbox Numeric Code Operation Comments

    Uploaded by

    Sijan Maharjan
    This software accepts two numbers as input from the user, subtracts the second number from the first, and returns the difference. It is programmed using numeric instruction codes that are stored in memory locations from 00 to 07. Using mnemonics and labels in assembly language makes the program more readable and easier to program compared to only using numeric codes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Examples: Mailbox Numeric Code Operation Comments

    Uploaded by

    Sijan Maharjan
    16 views2 pages
    This software accepts two numbers as input from the user, subtracts the second number from the first, and returns the difference. It is programmed using numeric instruction codes that are stored in memory locations from 00 to 07. Using mnemonics and labels in assembly language makes the program more readable and easier to program compared to only using numeric codes.

    Original Title

    COA

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This software accepts two numbers as input from the user, subtracts the second number from the first, and returns the difference. It is programmed using numeric instruction codes that are stored in memory locations from 00 to 07. Using mnemonics and labels in assembly language makes the program more readable and easier to program compared to only using numeric codes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views2 pages

    Examples: Mailbox Numeric Code Operation Comments

    Uploaded by

    Sijan Maharjan
    This software accepts two numbers as input from the user, subtracts the second number from the first, and returns the difference. It is programmed using numeric instruction codes that are stored in memory locations from 00 to 07. Using mnemonics and labels in assembly language makes the program more readable and easier to program compared to only using numeric codes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 2

    Examples

    This software just requests input from the user and then reports the results.The program has been
    loaded into RAM, and the numeric codes for the instructions can be seen in the first three memory
    regions.

     By Using numeric instruction codes

    This program (instructions from 901 to 000) is written entirely in digital code. The software accepts
    two numbers as input and returns the difference. Note that execution starts with mailbox 00 and
    ends with mailbox 07. The disadvantages of programming the LMC using digital code are explored
    in more detail below.

    Numeric
    Mailbox Operation Comments
    code

    INPUT the first number, enter into calculator


    00 901 Accumulator = Inbox
    (erasing whatever was there)

    Mailbox 08 = STORE the calculator's current value (to


    01 308
    Accumulator prepare for the next step...)

    INPUT the second number, enter into


    02 901 Accumulator = Inbox
    calculator (erasing whatever was there)

    Mailbox 09 = STORE the calculator's current value (again,


    03 309
    Accumulator to prepare for the next step...)

    Accumulator = (Now that both INPUT values are STORED


    04 508
    Mailbox 08 in Mailboxes 08 and 09...)
    LOAD the first value back into the calculator
    (erasing whatever was there)

    Accumulator = SUBTRACT the second number from the


    05 209 Accumulator - calculator's current value (which was just set
    Mailbox 09 to the first number)
    OUTPUT the calculator's result to the
    06 902 Outbox = Accumulator
    OUTBOX
    07 000 Halt HALT the LMC

     Using mnemonics and labels

    Assembly language is a low-level programming language that uses mnemonics and labels instead
    of numeric code. Although LMC uses only a limited set of mnemonics, the convenience of using
    mnemonics for each instruction is evident from the assembly language of the same program shown
    below - the programmer no longer needs to memorize a set of anonymous codes and can now
    program with a set of mnemonic codes that are easier to remember. If the mnemonic is an
    instruction that deals with a memory address (either a branch instruction or load/save data), then a
    label is used to name the memory address.

    INP
    STA FIRST
    INP
    STA SECOND
    LDA FIRST
    SUB SECOND
    OUT
    HLT
    FIRST DAT
    SECOND DAT

    You might also like