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    3-Projectile Motion

    Uploaded by

    Dani Adonai
    This document discusses projectile motion and provides examples of calculating projectile motion parameters. It begins by defining vertical, horizontal and oblique projection. It then provides the kinematic equations for constant acceleration in the vertical and horizontal directions. Examples are given for calculating the time of flight, maximum height, and velocity vs. time graph of a vertically projected ball. Additional examples consider a bullet fired vertically and a skydiver experiencing terminal velocity due to air resistance. The document concludes by defining the horizontal and vertical components of an object's initial velocity during oblique projection and provides equations and examples for calculating time of flight, maximum height, and range for an object projected at an angle.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    3-Projectile Motion

    Uploaded by

    Dani Adonai
    22 views9 pages
    This document discusses projectile motion and provides examples of calculating projectile motion parameters. It begins by defining vertical, horizontal and oblique projection. It then provides the kinematic equations for constant acceleration in the vertical and horizontal directions. Examples are given for calculating the time of flight, maximum height, and velocity vs. time graph of a vertically projected ball. Additional examples consider a bullet fired vertically and a skydiver experiencing terminal velocity due to air resistance. The document concludes by defining the horizontal and vertical components of an object's initial velocity during oblique projection and provides equations and examples for calculating time of flight, maximum height, and range for an object projected at an angle.

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    3-Projectile Motion, questions, unit 3

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    This document discusses projectile motion and provides examples of calculating projectile motion parameters. It begins by defining vertical, horizontal and oblique projection. It then provides the kinematic equations for constant acceleration in the vertical and horizontal directions. Examples are given for calculating the time of flight, maximum height, and velocity vs. time graph of a vertically projected ball. Additional examples consider a bullet fired vertically and a skydiver experiencing terminal velocity due to air resistance. The document concludes by defining the horizontal and vertical components of an object's initial velocity during oblique projection and provides equations and examples for calculating time of flight, maximum height, and range for an object projected at an angle.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views9 pages

    3-Projectile Motion

    Uploaded by

    Dani Adonai
    This document discusses projectile motion and provides examples of calculating projectile motion parameters. It begins by defining vertical, horizontal and oblique projection. It then provides the kinematic equations for constant acceleration in the vertical and horizontal directions. Examples are given for calculating the time of flight, maximum height, and velocity vs. time graph of a vertically projected ball. Additional examples consider a bullet fired vertically and a skydiver experiencing terminal velocity due to air resistance. The document concludes by defining the horizontal and vertical components of an object's initial velocity during oblique projection and provides equations and examples for calculating time of flight, maximum height, and range for an object projected at an angle.

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    You are on page 1of 9

    Physics Unit 3

    Projectile Motion

    PROJECTILE MOTION
    • Vertical projection
    • Horizontal projection
    • Oblique projection

    When gravity acts on a mass projected in the vicinity of the ground


    (where g is constant) the force on the object is constant (provided air
    resistance is negligible) and therefore so its acceleration.
    Therefore all the constant acceleration formulae apply:
    v = u +at d = ½ (u + v)t d = ut + ½ at2 v2 = u2 + 2ad

    These are vector equations and thus can be applied to the vertical (y) and
    horizontal (x) directions independently.
    All masses fall at the same rate (g m/s2) so the mass of the projectiles
    don’t effect any of the calculations.

    Vertical Projection:
    1(a) (Assume air resistance is negligible and g = 10N/kg).
    A ball is projected vertically at 30 m/s
    (i) Find its time of flight:

    (ii) Find its maximum height:

    u = 30m/s

    Mr. Joseph -1-


    3-Projectile Motion
    (iii) What is the ball’s acceleration at the top of its trajectory
    (where v = 0)?

    (iv) Sketch its velocity time graph over its time of flight:

    t (s)

    (b) Consider a bullet fired vertically at 1000 m/s. Find

    (i) Its time of flight:

    (ii) Its maximum height:

    (iii) Is the assumption of zero air resistance reasonable in this case?

    (In fact the real results are: h = 2,500m (2.5km), VImpact =70m/s,
    tf = 17s + 40s).

    Mr. Joseph -2-


    3-Projectile Motion
    4. Consider a sky diver. They jump from a stationary helicopter and after
    20 seconds of falling their velocity has reached a maximum (terminal)
    value of 50m/s (remaining in freefall without opening their parachute).
    (Do not neglect the effect of air resistance).

    (i) Explain how terminal velocity comes about:

    (ii) Sketch (roughly) a v-t graph for the sky diver’s fall:

    v (m/s)

    50

    t (s)
    20

    Mr. Joseph -3-


    3-Projectile Motion
    Oblique Projection:

    • If the initial velocity is given, work out its horizontal (x) and
    vertical (y) components.

    g
    y
    X
    V0 h (m)


    x

    Range, R (m)

    Initial Velocity components:


    V0 uy = V0 sin 

    ux = V0 cos 

    This component is constant


    (No horizontal force acting).

    • No force acts in the horizontal direction, therefore the horizontal


    component of velocity, ux = V0 cos  never changes.
    • The time of flight can only be determined from the initial vertical
    component of velocity: uy = V0 sin .
    The time of flight tf and maximum height are found by treating the
    body as one that has been projected vertically at V0 sin  m/sec
    with acceleration –g m/s2.
    • Range R = ux tf = V0 cos  x tf

    Mr. Joseph -4-


    3-Projectile Motion
    Problems

    1. Consider a golf ball struck at 50 m/s at an angle of 300 to the ground.

    Determine:

    (i) It’s time of flight:

    (ii) Maximum height

    (iii) Range:

    Short cut formulae:


    There are a few formulae that allow you to simply plug values into them to
    get answers for height, range and time of flight, provided you know when
    they can be used:

    2V0 sin 
    • Time of flight: t f =
    g

    V0 sin 2 
    2

    • Maximum height: h =
    2g

    V0 sin 2
    2

    • Range: R = u x  t f =
    g

    Mr. Joseph -5-


    3-Projectile Motion
    Note:
    (i). These formula are for the symmetrical case of oblique projection,
    that is, when the projectile lands at the same level it was projected from.

    [Actually, the formula for max. height is always true as is the formula for
    range R = ux tf].

    (ii). From the range formula, at what angle of projection, , would a


    projectile travel the largest horizontal range if it lands at the same
    level?

    Problem 2
    Repeat the golf ball question above with the short-cut formulae:

    (i) Time of flight:

    (ii) Max. height:

    (iii) Range:

    Mr. Joseph -6-


    3-Projectile Motion
    VCE Physics paper - June 2010

    Mr. Joseph -7-


    3-Projectile Motion
    m
    4 marks

    m
    3 marks

    Mr. Joseph -8-


    3-Projectile Motion
    3 marks
    m

    Mr. Joseph -9-


    3-Projectile Motion

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