Summative Test #2.1

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Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII, Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE
Almacen-Torrevillas National High School-SHS
Lamintak Norte, Medellin, Cebu

NAME: _____________________________________ YR. & SEC: _____________ DATE: ___________


SUMMATIVE TEST IN 21st CENTURY LITERATURE

Directions: You are given selections in which you are going to answer.

SELECTION 1
THE BRAHMAN’S DREAM
From the Panchatantra
Translated by Arthur W. Ryder
In a certain town lived a Brahman named Seedy, who got some barley-meal by begging, ate a por-tion, and
filled a jar with the remainder. This jar he hung on a peg one night, placed his cot beneath it, and fixing his
gaze on the jar, fell into hypnotic reverie.
“Well, here is a jar full of barley-meal,” he thoughts. “Now if famine comes a hundred rupees will come out
of it. with that sum I will get two she-goats. Every six months they will bear two more she-goats. After goats,
cows. When cows clave, I will sell the calves. After cows, buffaloes; after buffaloes, mares. From the mares
I shall get plenty of horses. The sale of these will mean plenty of gold. The gold will buy a great house with
an inner court. Then someone will come to my house and offer his lovely daughter will a dowry. And she
will bear a son, whom I shall name MoonLord. When he is old enough to ride on my knee, I will take book,
sit on the stable roof, and think. Just then MoonLord will see me, will jump from his mother’s lap in his
eagerness to ride on my knee, and will go too near the horses. Then I shall get angry and tell my wife to
take the boy. But she will be busy with her chores and will not pay attention to what I say. Then I will get up
and kick her.”
Being sunk in his hypnotic dream, he let fly such a kick that he smashed the jar. And the barley-meal which
it contained turned him white all over.

Guide for Comprehension:


1. Describe the characterization of the Brahman in the selection.
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2. What was the Brahman’s dream?
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3. Describe his feelings as he was dreaming.
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4. What instance in your life when you act like the Brahman?
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5. What lesson does this text teach you?
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Selection 2
THE ANALECTS
Confucius
“To learn,” said the Master, “and then to practice what one has learned. Does not this bring it a sense of satis-faction?”
“Let young people,” said he “show filial piety at home, respectfulness towards their elders when away from home; let
them be circumspect, be truthful; their love going out freely towards all, cultivating good will to men. And if, I such a
walk, there be time or energy left for other things, let them employ it in the acquisition of literary or artistic
accomplishments.”
“It does not greatly concern me,” said the Master, “that men do not know me; my great concern is my not knowing
them.”
“Let a ruler base his government upon virtuous principle, and he will be like the pole-star, which remains stead-fast in
its place, while all the host of the stars turn towards it.
“Be versed in ancient lore, and familiarize yourself with the modern; then may you become teachers.
“The great man is not a mere receptacle.
“Learning, without thought, is a snare: thought, without learning, is a danger.”
To the disciple of Tsu-lu, the Master said, “Shall I give you a lesson about knowledge? When you know a thing,
maintain that you know it; and when you do not, acknowledge your ignorance. This is characteristic of knowledge.”
“It is moral cowardice to leave undone what one perceives to be right to do.”
“Where there is habitual going after gain, there is much ill-will.
“One should not be greatly concerned at not being in office; but rather about the requirements in one’s self for such
standing. Neither should one be so much concerned at being unknown but rather with seeking to be worthy of being
known.”
“A son should not ignore the years of his parents. On the other hand, they may be a matter for rejoicing (that they
have been so many), and on the other, for apprehension (that so few remain).
Someone asked: How do you regard the principle of returning good for evil? — The Master said: What, then is to be
the return of good? Rather should you return justice for injustice, and good for good.
“Better than one who knows what is right is one who is fond of what is right is one who delights in what is right.
“The man of wisdom does not vacillate; the man of natural goodness does not fret; the man of valor does not fear.
“The Master said: the nobler sort of man emphasizes the good qualities in others, and does not accentuate the bad.
The inferior sort does the reverse.
“The nobler sort of man is dignified but not proud.; the inferior man is proud but not dignified.
Tzu Kung asked, saying: Is there any one maxim which ought to be acted upon throughout one’s life? — The master
replied: Surely the maxim of charity is such: Do not do unto others what you would not they should do unto you.

Guide for Comprehension:


1. Give five (5) pieces of advice Confucius give to the youth.
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2. How could you (the young people today) make use of these teachings?
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3. According to Confucius, how should a child behave toward his parents? Do you agree? Why or why not?
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4. What are the qualities of a noble man?
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5. Narrate an event or experience that can be an example of the last maxim.
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