Flowthroughventurimeter 281 29

CENTRE FOR DIPLOMA STUDIES
EDITION: 1
DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
REVIEW NO.: 1
EFFECTIVE DATE: 12/2/2020
TITLE: FLOW THROUGH A VENTURI
AMMENDMENT
METER 12/2/2020
DATE:
1.0 OBJECTIVE
To calculate the flowrate through pipe using venturi meter.
2.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this experiment, students are able to:
1. To evaluate the frictional resistance to flow along a venture meter.
2. To identify the velocity, the fall in pressure and the magnitude of the flowrate in venturi meter.
3. To calculate the ideal distribution and the losses occur in the systems.
3.0 THEORY
Consider flow of an incompressible, inviscid fluid through the convergent – divergent Venturi tube shown in
Figure 3.1. The cross sectional area at the upstream section 1 is a1, at the throat section 2 is a2 and at any
other arbitrary section n is an. Piezometer tubes at these sections register h1, h2 and hn above the arbitrary
datum shown. Note that, although the tube may have any inclination, the datum must by necessity, be
horizontal. Assume that both the velocity and the piezometric head are constant over each of the sections
considered.
Figure 3.1: Ideal conditions in a venturi meter
We may treat the convergent – divergent pipe as a stream tube, along which Bernoulli’s theorem:
2
v12 v v2
 h1  2  h2  n  hn
2g 2g 2g
(1)
In which v1 and v2 are the flow velocities at sections 1 and 2. The equation of continuity is:
(2)
Substituting in equation (1) for v1 from equation (2), gives:
2
 a2  v2 2 v2
2
   h1   h2
 a1  2 g 2g
And solving this for the velocity v2 in the throat leads to:
2 g h1  h2 
v2  2
a 
1  2 
 a1 
The rate of flow, Q is found by multiplying the throat velocity v 2 by the cross sectional area, a2 at the throat,
giving:
2 g (h1  h2 )
Q  a2 2
a 
1  2 
 a1 
This ideal discharge rate, obtained by assuming in viscid, one dimensional flow. In practice, there is
some loss of head between sections 1 and 2. Also, the velocity is not absolutely constant across either if
(3)
In which Cd is known as the discharge coefficient or simply the coefficient of the Venturi Meter.
4.0 EQUIPMENT
1. Hydraulic bench
2. Venturi Meter
Figure 4.1: Venturi Meter Apparatus
Figure 4.2: Dimension of Venturi Meter and Locations of Piezometer Tube

5.0 PROCEDURE
1. Make sure the venturi meter is joint with hydraulic bench and supply hose.
2. Prepare the apparatus and make sure to clear air pockets from the supply hose. The control valve is
the gradually closed, so subjecting the venturi tube to a gradually increasing pressure, which causes
water to rise up the tubes of the manometer, thereby compressing the air contained in the manifold.
3. When the water levels have risen to a convenient height, the bench valve is also closed gradually,
and the water level in the manometer tubes stand at a convenient height.
4. The adjusting screws as shown in Figure 5.1 are then operated to give identical readings for all of
these tubes across the whole width of the manometer board.
Figure 5.1: Adjusting screw
5. Measure the different between heads (h2 – h1) and flow rates, Q. The first reading should be taken
with the maximum possible value of (h2 – h1). This condition is obtained by gradually opening both
the bench valve and the control valve in turn.
6. The value of h1 and h2 being read from the manometer scale.
*Repeat 3 times step 5 and 6 for three trials.
7. The flow rate collection by close the bench hole in hydraulic bench.
8. Close the inlet and outlet valve and switch off the switch.
6.0 RESULT AND CALCULATIONS

1. Fill in data in Table 6.1.
Table 6.1: Experiment Data

Trial Flowrate, Qexp (m3/s) Velocity, v2 (m/s) h1 (m) h2 (m) (h1 – h2) (m)
1.
2.
3.
2. From the value, calculate the flowrate Qtheory in Table 6.2.
Table 6.2: Qtheory Calculation

Trial Velocity, v2 Flowrate, Qtheory Flowrate Coefficient, Cd
1.
2.
3.
7.0 QUESTIONS
1. Show the calculations of the Cd value and Qtheory.
2. Compare the value of Qexp with Qtheory and discuss the result.
3. Make a conclusion from this experiment.
CENTRE FOR DIPLOMA STUDIES PAGE: 8/11
EDITION: 1
DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
REVIEW NO.: 03
EXPERIMENT: FLOW THROUGH A VENTURI EFFECTIVE DATE: 1/7/10
METER AMMENDMENT DATE: 1/7/10
1. Fill in the table 2 according to the result from table 1.
Table 2
Trial Q (m3/s) h1 (mm) h2 (mm) (h1-h2) (m) (h1-h2)1/2 (m)
2. From table 2, plot graph for flowrate, Q versus (h1-h2)1/2 and find the slope of graph, m.
3. From the value, calculate the flowrate Qtheory in table 3.
Table 3
Trial Flowrate Coefficient, Cd Flowrate, Qteori
EDITION: 1
REVIEW NO.: 03
7.0 QUESTIONS
1. Show the calculation of the Cd Value and Q theory
2. Compare the value of Qexp with Q theory and discuss the result.
3. Make a conclusion from this experiment.
4. Question by lecturer
5. Question by lecturer
EDITION: 1
REVIEW NO.: 03
8.0 Answers
EDITION: 1
REVIEW NO.: 03

Flowthroughventurimeter 281 29

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Flowthroughventurimeter 281 29

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Flowthroughventurimeter 281 29

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CENTRE FOR DIPLOMA STUDIES

2.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES

Figure 3.1: Ideal conditions in a venturi meter

Substituting in equation (1) for v1 from equation (2), gives:

Figure 4.1: Venturi Meter Apparatus

Figure 4.2: Dimension of Venturi Meter and Locations of Piezometer Tube

Figure 5.1: Adjusting screw

6.0 RESULT AND CALCULATIONS

Table 6.1: Experiment Data

2. From the value, calculate the flowrate Qtheory in Table 6.2.

Table 6.2: Qtheory Calculation

1. Fill in the table 2 according to the result from table 1.

3. From the value, calculate the flowrate Qtheory in table 3.

You might also like