Grammar Notes

List of nouns and its meaning
Fruit = Buah
apple epal papaya betik jackfruit nangka

watermelo tembikai durian durian mangosteen manggis
n
orange oren mango mangga peach pic
banana pisang pineapple nenas strawberry strawberry
lemon lemon pear pear lime limau
Vegetables = Sayur
cabbage kubis brinjal terung spinach bayam

cauliflower kubis bunga brocolli brokoli
Occupation = Pekerjaan
police polis firefighter bomba doctor doktor

postman posmen tailor tukang jahit cobbler tukang kasut
dentist doktor gigi plumber tukang paip teacher cikgu

waiter pelayan chef tukang masak athlete atlet
lawyer peguam judge hakim carpenter tukang kayu
actor pelakon singer penyanyi artist pelukis

Cockery = alat memasak
pan kuali pot periuk kettle cerek

stove dapur gas
UNTUK TO VERB
FOR NOUN
EXAMPLE :
1. I want to eat rice.

2. I cook this chicken for my brother.
DENGAN BY METHOD
WITH PERSON/NOUN
EXAMPLE :
1. I go to school by bus.
2. I go to school with Ali.
AKAN WILL PASTI
SHALL TIDAK PASTI

EXAMPLE :
1. One day, I will go back home.

2. If I have the time, I shall visit you at school.
THINGS YOU CAN ADD BEFORE VERB
MAHU want to Mahu

don't want to tidak mahu
EXAMPLE :
1. I want to fly with Air Asia.
2. They don’t want to run anymore because they are tired.
BOLEH can boleh
cannot tidak boleh

EXAMPLE :
1. She can run everyday.
2. They cannot hide from me.
SUKA like to suka
don't like to tidak suka

EXAMPLE :
1. Ali likes to play football.
2. I am sad because Melur doesn’t like to talk to me.
YA/TIDAK do ya/ buat
don't / do not tidak

EXAMPLE :
1. We don’t jump on the bed.
2. I do my homework.
TYPICAL DEMONSTRATIVE SENTENCE PATTERN.
S+V+O
Subject Verb Object Sentence
I Eat Rice I eat rice.

He Plays Football He plays football.

The small cat Drink Milk The small cat drink milk.
S+bV+Adj
Subject be-Verb Adjective Sentence
I Am happy I am happy.

They Are Sad They are sad.

The tall man Is hungry The tall man is hungry.
S+bV+O
Subject be-Verb Object Sentence
I Am a boy I am a boy.

My father Is a doctor My father is a doctor.

The tall men Are policemen The tall men are policemen.
Now try and fill in the table.

Now, let’s look at tenses

Tenses shows when a verb is happening. For this notes we are going to cover three types of most
used tenses.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE.
Present tense shows that the verb is happening now.

Past PRESENT Future
Present tense will change the verb by adding –s, -es, and –ies to the end of the verbs. But this only
happens when the Subject of the sentence is singular (only one) with the exception of “I” and “You”.
Example:
He sleeps on the bed.
There you can see that the verb “sleep” has “-s” at the end of it. Let’s see the same verb with a plural
subject.
They sleep on the bed.
If the subject is plural, or is “I” or “You”, there is no need to add “-s” to the end of it.
As stated before, we can add “-s”, “-es” and “-ies” to the end of the verb.
“-es”
We put –es on verbs that ends with “sh” and “ss”
Push Pushes
Rush Rushes
Pass Passes
Flash Flashes
“-ies”
“-ies” is used when the verb ends with a combination of consonant + “y”
Cry Cries
Fry Fries
Fly Flies
Spy Spies
Now, try and complete these subjects in the correct present tense form.
1. He _______________________________________________________
2. Liza ______________________________________________________
3. Hafiz _____________________________________________________
4. Maria and Siew Lee _________________________________________

5. My brother and I ___________________________________________
6. The dog ___________________________________________________
7. Farah’s brother _____________________________________________
8. Kamal and Ali ______________________________________________
9. Wesley ___________________________________________________
10. My cat ___________________________________________________
11. I ________________________________________________________
12. The goat _________________________________________________
13. The woman _______________________________________________
14. You ______________________________________________________
15. Stephany _________________________________________________
16. Amir, Sazali and Gopal _______________________________________
17. My cow and my chicken ______________________________________
18. Suzy ______________________________________________________
19. Wan Aziz __________________________________________________
20. Trevor ____________________________________________________
Simple Past Tense.
Simple Past Tense shows that a verb has been done. The suffix - ed was added at the end of regular
verbs to show that it is in the past tense form.
PAST Present Future
Present : Ali walk to school today.

Past : Ali walked to school yesterday.
Irregular verbs, however will have a different spelling. For example, “teach” will be “taught”, and
“eat” will be ate.
Present : The teacher teach us English today.
Past : The teacher taught us English last year.
Present : I eat ramen.
Past : I ate ramen yesterday.
“to be- verbs” can also be in the Past Tense form. Below is the list of the verbs in the past tense
form.
Present Past
is was
am
Are were
Examples : Present : Ali is a teacher.

Past : Ali was a teacher.
Now you can try and write an essay.

Look at the picture, and write your first
sentence.
Ali is a policeman.
Your next sentence should continue from

the first sentence. Think about what you can
write. Ask questions to help you write:
1. What does a policeman do?

2. Where does a policeman work?
3. Is Ali a good policeman?
4. Does he love his job?
Ali is a policeman. He catch thieves and

robbers. He works in a police station. Ali is a
good policeman. He love his job very much.
Pineapple is a local fruit. It is sweet and sour. It has
rough skin. It also have a crown of sharp leaves on top.
Many people like to eat pineapple because it is
delicious. We can use pineapple to make juice or jam.
Pineapple is very good for us.

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List of nouns and its meaning

apple epal papaya betik jackfruit nangka

cabbage kubis brinjal terung spinach bayam

police polis firefighter bomba doctor doktor

dentist doktor gigi plumber tukang paip teacher cikgu

actor pelakon singer penyanyi artist pelukis

pan kuali pot periuk kettle cerek

1. I want to eat rice.

AKAN WILL PASTI

SHALL TIDAK PASTI

1. One day, I will go back home.

THINGS YOU CAN ADD BEFORE VERB

MAHU want to Mahu

BOLEH can boleh

cannot tidak boleh

SUKA like to suka

don't like to tidak suka

YA/TIDAK do ya/ buat

don't / do not tidak

Subject Verb Object Sentence

Subject Verb Object Sentence

Subject be-Verb Adjective Sentence

Subject be-Verb Adjective Sentence

Subject be-Verb Object Sentence

Subject be-Verb Object Sentence

Now try and fill in the table.

Subject be-Verb Adjective Sentence

Subject be-Verb Object Sentence

Now, let’s look at tenses

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE.

Present tense shows that the verb is happening now.

He sleeps on the bed.

They sleep on the bed.

We put –es on verbs that ends with “sh” and “ss”

4. Maria and Siew Lee _________________________________________

6. The dog ___________________________________________________

7. Farah’s brother _____________________________________________

8. Kamal and Ali ______________________________________________

10. My cat ___________________________________________________

12. The goat _________________________________________________

13. The woman _______________________________________________

14. You ______________________________________________________

15. Stephany _________________________________________________

16. Amir, Sazali and Gopal _______________________________________

17. My cow and my chicken ______________________________________

18. Suzy ______________________________________________________

19. Wan Aziz __________________________________________________

20. Trevor ____________________________________________________

Simple Past Tense.

verbs to show that it is in the past tense form.

PAST Present Future

Present : Ali walk to school today.

“eat” will be ate.

Present : The teacher teach us English today.

Past : The teacher taught us English last year.

Present : I eat ramen.

Past : I ate ramen yesterday.

Examples : Present : Ali is a teacher.

Now you can try and write an essay.