SAF CFM-LM

Series Microwave Radio System Product Family

Technical Description

SAF Tehnika A/S 2006

Contents
1

Introduction ................................................................................................... 4 1.1 CFM Radio in the Modern Market................................................................... 5 1.2 Typical Uses of the CFM Radio System ........................................................... 5 1.3 Abbreviations............................................................................................. 5 CFMLM Equipment......................................................................................... 7 2.1 Overview................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 CFMLM System Components: ............................................................... 7 2.2 Main Features and Characteristics ................................................................. 8 2.2.1 Main Features...................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 IDU Characteristics .............................................................................. 8 2.2.3 ODU Characteristics ............................................................................. 8 2.2.3.1 Covered frequency band..................................................................... 8 2.2.3.2 Duplex spacings ................................................................................ 9 2.2.3.3 Occupied bandwidth ........................................................................ 10 2.2.3.4 Transmitter power........................................................................... 10 2.3 Compliance with Standards ........................................................................ 11 2.3.1 ETSI ................................................................................................ 11 2.3.2 ITU-T ............................................................................................... 12 2.3.3 ITU-R ............................................................................................... 12 2.3.4 CEPT/ERC ......................................................................................... 12 2.3.5 IEEE................................................................................................. 12 2.4 Terminal and Site Configurations ................................................................ 13 2.4.1 Unprotected Terminal (1+0) ................................................................ 13 2.4.2 Protected Terminal (1+1).................................................................... 13 2.4.3 Repeater Site .................................................................................... 13 Outdoor Unit and Antenna.............................................................................. 14 3.1 General................................................................................................... 14 3.2 Radio Unit ............................................................................................... 14 3.3 Labelling ................................................................................................. 15 3.4 ODU Functional Design .............................................................................. 15 3.4.1 Cable Interface .................................................................................. 16 3.4.2 Intermediate Frequency Module ........................................................... 17 3.4.3 Synthesizer Module ............................................................................ 17 3.4.4 Receiver ........................................................................................... 17 3.4.5 Transmitter ....................................................................................... 17 3.4.6 Duplexer........................................................................................... 17 3.4.7 Controller Module............................................................................... 18 3.5 Frequency Channel Arrangement ................................................................ 18 3.6 Antenna Unit............................................................................................ 18 Indoor Unit .................................................................................................. 21 4.1 General................................................................................................... 21 4.1.1 CFM-8-REB IDU ................................................................................. 22 4.1.2 CFM-16-REBM and CFM-34-REBM IDU................................................... 22 4.1.3 CFM-8-MUX and CFM-16-MUX IDU........................................................ 22 4.1.4 CFM E1 Indoor Units........................................................................... 23 4.1.5 CFM-M-MUX Indoor Unit...................................................................... 23 4.1.6 CFM-MA-MUX Indoor Unit.................................................................... 23 4.1.7 CFM-MP-MUX 1+1 Indoor Unit ............................................................. 23 4.2 IDU Functional Design ............................................................................... 23 4.2.1 Cable Interface .................................................................................. 24 4.2.2 Base-band Modem ............................................................................. 25 4.2.3 Management Controller....................................................................... 25 4.2.4 Multiplexer (MUX) .............................................................................. 25 4.2.5 Traffic Interfaces ............................................................................... 25 4.2.6 Ethernet Interface Board..................................................................... 25 4.3 Updating Management Controller Software................................................... 25 Cables......................................................................................................... 26 5.1 IDUODU Cable........................................................................................ 26

5.2 Cable for Antenna Alignment ...................................................................... 26 5.3 Traffic Interface Cables ............................................................................. 26 5.4 Management Interface Cables .................................................................... 27 5.5 Power Cable............................................................................................. 27 6 Management System ..................................................................................... 28 6.1 General................................................................................................... 28 6.2 Physical and Logical Management Interfaces................................................. 29 6.3 Management Features ............................................................................... 29 6.3.1 RS-232 Serial Port ............................................................................. 29 6.3.2 Ethernet port..................................................................................... 30 6.3.3 Telnet/ASCII Console Command Interface ............................................. 30 6.3.4 Web Interface ................................................................................... 30 6.3.5 SNMP Interface.................................................................................. 30 6.3.6 Alarm Port ........................................................................................ 31 6.4 Loop Tests............................................................................................... 31 6.4.1 Baseband loopback ............................................................................ 32 6.4.2 Radio loopback .................................................................................. 32 6.4.3 Interface loopbacks ............................................................................ 32 7 Accessories .................................................................................................. 34 7.1 Earthing Accessories ................................................................................. 34 7.2 Performance and Availability Calculation Tool ............................................... 34 8 Technical Data.............................................................................................. 35 8.1 General Parameters .................................................................................. 35 8.2 Receiver thresholds at antenna port and System Gain (guaranteed values)....... 36 8.3 Mechanical Data ....................................................................................... 37 8.3.1 IDU mechanical parameters................................................................. 37 8.3.2 ODU mechanical parameters................................................................ 37 8.4 Power Supply........................................................................................... 38 8.5 Environmental Requirements...................................................................... 38 9 References................................................................................................... 39 10 SAF Tehnika A/S Contacts .............................................................................. 40

Introduction

Proprietary notice The specifications or information contained in this document are subject to change without notice due to continuing design improvement. If there is any conflict between this document and compliance statements, the latter will supersede this document. The CFM LM series digital microwave radio system is equipment designed for the transmission of digital signals using radio waves in conditions within the line of sight. The type LM denotes the model of the Radio Unit (or Outdoor Unit ODU). There are LM and L4 type ODUs that work with LM and L4 type Indoor Units correspondingly (Indoor Unit IDU). This particular document describes the LM series microwave radio system which includes LM ODU and IDUs that work with the LM ODU. The following LM type ODUs are available:

CFM-38-LM, operates in 38 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-38LM meets the requirements of ETSI EN 300 197 standard; CFM-32-LM, operates in 32 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-32LM meets the requirements of ETSI EN 300 197 standard; CFM-26-LM, operates in 26 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-26LM meets the requirements of ETSI EN 300 431 standard; CFM-22-LM, operates in 23 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-22LM radio meets the requirements of ETSI EN 300 198 standard; CFM-18-LM, operates in 18 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-18LM meets the requirements of ETSI EN 301 128 standard; CFM-15-LM, operates in 15 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-15LM meets the requirements of ETSI EN 301 128 standard; CFM-13-LM, operates in 13 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-13LM meets the requirements of ETSI EN 301 128 standard; CFM-11-LM, operates in 11 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-11LM meets the requirements of ETSI EN 301 216 standard; CFM-10-LM, operates in 10 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-10LM meets the requirements of ETSI EN 301 216 standard; CFM-8-LM, operates in 8 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-8-LM meets the requirements of ETSI EN 301 216 standard; CFM-7-LM, operates in 7 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-7-LM meets the requirements of ETSI EN 301 216 standard. CFM-5-LM, operates in 5 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-5-LM meets the requirements of ETSI EN 301 216 standard.

Depending on the type of IDU configuration, the WAN data rate is 8, 16 or 34 Mbps. The CFM terminal consists of the Indoor Unit, typically mounted indoors, the Outdoor Unit, which is located outdoors and the antenna. The Radio Unit is typically located close by or directly attached to the antenna. The Indoor Unit and the Radio Unit are connected with a single coaxial cable, a sufficiently long cable can be used (for example, up to 100 m long RG-213, or up to 300 m long LMR-400 cable). In order to implement a communication link, the CFM terminal must be positioned in both points to be linked.

SAF CFM-LM Family Technical Description SAF Tehnika A/S 2006

The radio relay system has a simple and effective design ensuring low price and high reliability of the device. These features result also in a compactness and low power consumption.

1.1 CFM Radio in the Modern Market

The widespread and growing use of microwave radio equipment in modern voice and data networks well deserves to be called a phenomenon of the last decade of the 20th century and beginning of the 21st century. The reasons behind that are numerous, like: increased demand for high data rate channels, growing pressure on operators to shorten the deployment and commissioning times, ever shortening time of the return on investments, changing demands for the services from the customers.

All those issues are well solved by use of wireless systems. SAF Tehnika believes that by cleverly integrating the latest achievements in radio technology and in components, we are delivering the solutions for operators enabling them to deploy new services and solve communication problems to customers, thus developing the market.

1.2 Typical Uses of the CFM Radio System

SAF Tehnika is delivering CFM radio system as a number of units, which enables great flexibility in configurations one could achieve. By combining unified LM Radio Unit model with the choice from available LM Indoor Units it is possible to make the right configuration for wide range of data and voice transmission needs. CFM radio systems are widely used in data networks of ISPs and other network operators: To connect customers with high bandwidth requirements (office buildings, bigger corporate customers) demanding higher than 2 Mbps connection speeds; To build medium capacity backbone connections between Points of Presence (POPs) of the operator. For the governmental institutions; For utility companies (electricity, heat, water, gas); Community networks within bigger cities and in countryside; For large companies with multiple manufacturing, office and other sites to connect in one network.

CFM equipment is often used to create private networks:

New uses for CFM equipment are emerging every day.

1.3 Abbreviations
AIS BU BER CLI CPE ETS Alarm Indicator Status Balancing Unit Bit Error Ratio Command Line Interpreter Customer Premises Equipment European Telecommunications Standard (ETSI standard)
SAF CFM-LM Family Technical Description SAF Tehnika A/S 2006

IDU IF LAN MM MUX ODU REB RF RSSI WAN

Indoor Unit Intermediate frequency Local Area Network Management Multiplexer Outdoor Unit Remote Ethernet Bridge Radio frequency Received Signal Strength Indicator Wide Area Network

SAF CFM-LM Family Technical Description SAF Tehnika A/S 2006

CFMLM Equipment

2.1 Overview
The CFMLM digital microwave radio products can be employed in various modern applications including private data/voice networks, cellular networks, utility private networks, PBX trunk connectivity, access to highspeed networks of providers of data services (IP, FR, etc.). The choice of antennas for the CFMLM radio model solely depends on the availability requirements for particular installation or service type.

2.1.1 CFMLM System Components:

The typical CFMLM terminal configuration consists of an Indoor Unit, an Outdoor Unit and an antenna. The Outdoor Unit is either directly connected to the antenna or installed separately. In the latter case a flexible waveguide is used to interconnect the ODU with the antenna. The ODU is interconnected with the IDU with a single coaxial cable. The following LM Indoor Unit models are available: The CFM-8-REB, - Remote Ethernet Bridge IDU provides full radio capacity of 8 Mbps to 10BaseT UTP Ethernet interface on the LAN side; The CFM-34-REBM, - modular Fast Ethernet bridge IDU, provides 100Base-Tx UTP LAN interface plus two interface slots that can be equipped with two interface modules (V.35, E1 or 10Base-T Ethernet) providing additional traffic interfaces with a maximum capacity of 2 Mbps each; Modular multiplexer IDUs: the following multiplexer IDUs are available:

CFM-8-MUX, - modular IDU, can be equipped with 4 interface modules (V.35, E1 or 10Base-T Ethernet) providing maximum WAN data rate of 8 Mbps; CFM-16-MUX, - modular IDU, can be equipped with 4 interface modules providing maximum WAN data rate of 16 Mbps;

E1 Indoor Units: the following E1 interface IDUs are available: CFM-8-4E1, - fixed configuration multiplexer, provides multiplexing of 4 E1 channels into a single 8 Mbps stream (8448 kbps total throughput, 8192 kbps payload); CFM-16-8E1, - fixed configuration multiplexer, provides multiplexing of 8 E1 channels into a single 16 Mbps stream (16896 kbps total throughput, 16384 kbps payload); CFM-34-16E1, - fixed configuration multiplexer, provides multiplexing of 16 E1 channels into a single 34 Mbps stream (34368 kbps total throughput, 32768 kbps payload); CFM-M-MUX, - modular IDU, can be equipped with 4 interface modules (V.35, E1, 4xE1 or 2-port 100Base-T), supports WAN data rates of 8 Mbps, 16 Mbps and 34 Mbps; CFM-MP-MUX, modular 1+1 IDU (2U high), can be equipped with 4 interface modules (V.35, E1, 4xE1 or 2-port 100Base-T), supports WAN data rates of 8 Mbps, 16 Mbps and 34 Mbps;

SAF CFM-LM Family Technical Description SAF Tehnika A/S 2006

2.2 Main Features and Characteristics

2.2.1 Main Features
The CFMLM microwave radio system offers the following operation and maintenance facilities: Radio performance monitoring, Near-end and farend loopback tests, Software controlled parameters of the ODU and IDU.

The CFM-LM radio system offers a wide range of management capabilities including the remote adjustment control, monitoring and testing. In order to locate faults, the service engineer can access the Operation & Maintenance channel using a PC with the appropriate software to perform loop tests. Loop tests are discussed in a greater detail in chapter 6.4. The management terminal can be connected to the IDU through RS232 or Ethernet ports. The local loopback tests can also be performed from the local management interface on the IDU. A wide range of parameters can be adjusted from the management terminal (PC) as well as through the IDU management interface, - LCD and keypad. The radio unit and the antenna are easily installed on a wide range of support structures. Depending on the antenna used, the radio unit can be fitted directly to the antenna without a waveguide feeder, or it can be fitted separately and connected with antenna with a flexible waveguide. In either case the radio unit can be disconnected and replaced without affecting the antenna alignment. The IDU unit is fitted in 19 rack or on the wall or desk. The management facilities of all SAF Tehnika products are being continuously developed and improved making the setup, commissioning and maintenance easier.

2.2.2 IDU Characteristics

The CFM-8-REB Ethernet Bridge provides 10Base-T UTP traffic port on RJ-45 socket. The CFM-34-REBM is modular Indoor Unit providing 10/100Base-Tx UTP traffic interface on RJ-45 socket and two 2 Mbps slots for additional traffic interface modules. The CFM-8-MUX provides the WAN data rate of 8 Mbps. The CFM-16-MUX provides the WAN data rate of 16 Mbps. The CFM-M-MUX, CFM-MR-MUX and the CFM-MP-MUX provides WAN data rates of 8, 16 and 34 Mbps, the data rates are software selectable. The CFM-MA-MUX supports WAN data rates of 6.75 Mbps, 13.5 Mbps and 27 Mbps The CFM-8-4E1 provides fixed 2 Mbps traffic capacity to each of two E1 interface ports, the ports are available with either RJ-45 socket or BNC connectors. The CFM-16-8E1 is the fixed configuration multiplexer providing WAN data rate of 16 Mbps, the traffic interfaces are available with DB25 or RJ-45 port connectors. The CFM-34-16E1 is the fixed configuration multiplexer providing WAN data rate of 34 Mbps, the traffic interfaces have RJ-45 port connectors.

2.2.3 ODU Characteristics

2.2.3.1 Covered frequency band
The CFM-38-LM radio covers 37.0 39.5 GHz band;

SAF CFM-LM Family Technical Description SAF Tehnika A/S 2006

The CFM-32-LM radio covers 31.8 33.4 GHz band; The CFM-26-LM radio covers 24.5 26.5 GHz band; The CFM-22-LM radio covers 22.0 23.6 GHz band; The CFM-18-LM radio covers 17.7 19.7 GHz band; The CFM-15-LM radio covers 14.40 15.35 GHz band; The CFM-13-LM radio covers 12.75 13.25 GHz band; The CFM-10-LM radio covers 10.15 10.65 GHz band; The CFM-11-LM radio covers 10.7 11.7 GHz band; The CFM-5-LM radio covers 4.40 5.00 GHz band; The CFM-8-LM radio has the following versions available: 7.900 8.400 GHz band, 8.275 8.500 GHz band; 7.125 7.425 GHz band, 7.425 7.725 GHz band.

The CFM-7-LM radio has the following versions available: -

The ODUs have various types regarding what frequency subband (A, B or C) within a band side (H or L) they cover; two types of ODUs must be combined for each hop:

L and H ODUs: L type ODU transmitter operates in lower frequencies (L band side) and receiver works in upper frequencies, H type ODU is reverse to L type, transmitter operates in upper side of the band and receiver operates in lower side; LA and HA ODUs: LA ODU transmitter operates in A subband of the L band side, HA ODU transmitter operates in A subband of the H band side; LB and HB ODUs; LC and HC ODUs;

The type of ODU depends on what frequency plan the ODU supports.

2.2.3.2 Duplex spacings

The duplex spacing of the CFM-5-LM radio is 300 MHz. The duplex spacing of the CFM-7-LM radio is 154 MHz or 161 MHz (two different versions). The duplex spacing of the CFM-8-LM radio is 119 MHz or 266 MHz. The duplex spacing of the CFM-10-LM radio is 350 MHz. The duplex spacing of the CFM-11-LM radio is 530 MHz. The duplex spacing of the CFM-13-LM radio is 266 MHz. The duplex spacing of the CFM-15-LM radio is 728 MHz, 490 MHz, 420 MHz, or 315 MHz. The duplex spacing of the CFM-18-LM radio is 1010 MHz. The duplex spacing of the CFM-22-LM radio is 1008 MHz, 1232 MHz, or 1200 MHz. The duplex spacing of the CFM-26-LM radio is 1008 MHz. The duplex spacing of the CFM-32-LM radio is 812 MHz. The duplex spacing of the CFM-38-LM radio is 1260 MHz.

SAF CFM-LM Family Technical Description SAF Tehnika A/S 2006

2.2.3.3 Occupied bandwidth

Supported bandwidths and corresponding bit rates of the CFM-LM ODU are shown in the table below:
ODU CFM-38-LM CFM-32-LM CFM-26-LM CFM-22-LM CFM-18-LM CFM-15-LM CFM-13-LM CFM-11-LM CFM-10-LM CFM-8-LM CFM-7-LM CFM-5-LM Bit rate 4 Mbps n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Mbps MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz 16 Mbps 14 MHz 14 MHz 14 MHz 14 MHz 13.75 MHz 14 MHz 14 MHz 14 MHz 14 MHz 14 MHz 14 MHz 14 MHz 34 Mbps 28 MHz 28 MHz 28 MHz 28 MHz 27.5 MHz 28 MHz 28 MHz 28 MHz 28 MHz 28 MHz 28 MHz 28 MHz

2.2.3.4 Transmitter power

The maximum transmit power for

the CFM-38-LM ODU is 14 dBm, the CFM-32-LM ODU is 16 dBm, the CFM-26-LM ODU is 19 dBm, the CFM-22-LM ODU is 19 dBm, the CFM-18-LM ODU is 19 dBm, the CFM-15-LM ODU is 20 dBm, the CFM-13-LM ODU is 20 dBm, the CFM-11-LM ODU is 27 dBm, the CFM-10-LM ODU is 27 dBm, the CFM-8-LM ODU is 27 dBm, the CFM-7-LM ODU is 27 dBm, the CFM-5-LM ODU is 33 dBm.

The minimum transmit power for all radios is -10 dBm with the exception of CFM-8-LM and CFM-11-LM ODU which has 0 dBm minimum transmitter power. The transmitter power can be changed from the minimum up to the maximum level in steps of 1 dB.

SAF CFM-LM Family Technical Description SAF Tehnika A/S 2006

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2.3 Compliance with Standards

2.3.1 ETSI
ETSI EN 300 198 Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Digital Radio Relay Systems (DRRS); Parameters for DRRS for the transmission of digital signals and analogue video signals operating at 23 GHz. Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment. Equipment Engineering (EE); Power supply interface at the input to telecommunications equipment; Part 2: Operated by direct current (dc). Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); General Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) for radio equipment. Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for digital fixed radio and ancillary with data rates at around 2 Mbit/s and above. Attachment requirements for Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) to connect to public networks that have physical and electrical network presentations based upon the ITU-T V-series of Recommendations. V interfaces at the digital Local Exchange (LE); V5.1 interface for the support of Access Network (AN); Part 1: V5.1 interface specification. V interfaces at the digital Local Exchange (LE); V5.2 interface for the support of Access Network (AN); Part 1: V5.2 interface specification. In the range 3 GHz to 11 GHz. Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH);Low and medium capacity and STM-0 digital radio system operating in the frequency bands in the range 3 GHz to 11 GHz Parameters for radio systems for the transmission of digital signals operating at 32 GHz and 38 GHz Parameters for digital radio systems operating in the frequency range 24,50 GHz to 29,50 GHz Parameters for digital radio systems operating in 13 GHz, 15 GHz and 18 GHz bands Fixed Radio Systems; Conformance testing; Part 1: Point-to-Point equipment -Definitions, general requirements and test procedures Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint systems; Spurious emissions and receiver immunity at equipment\antenna port of Digital Fixed Radio Systems Fixed radio systems; Point-to-point antennas; Antennas for point-topoint fixed radio systems operating in the frequency band 3 GHz to 60 GHz EMC standard EMC standard Fixed radio systems; Point-to-Point equipment and antennas; Generic harmonized standard for point-to-Point digital Fixed radio systems and antennas covering the essential requirements under Article 3.2 of the Directive 1999/5/EC

ETSI ETS 300 019 ETSI ETS 300 132-2

ETS 300 339 ETS 300 385

EN 301 401

EN 300 324-1 v.1.2.3 EN 300 347-1 v.2.2.2 EN 301 216 v.1.2.1 (2001-07) ETSI EN 300 197 v.1.6.1 ETSI EN 300 431 v.1.4.1 (2002-07) ETSI EN 301 128 v.1.2.1 ETSI EN 301 126-1 v.1.1.2 (1999-09) ETSI EN 301 390 v.1.1.1 (2000-12) ETSI EN 300 833 v.1.3.1 (2001-08) ETSI EN 301 489-1 v.1.2.2 (08-2000) ETSI EN 301 489-1 v.1.2.2 (08-2000) ETSI EN 301 751 v.1.2.1 final draft (2002-07)

SAF CFM-LM Family Technical Description SAF Tehnika A/S 2006

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2.3.2 ITU-T
ITU-T G.702 ITU-T G.703 ITU-T G.742 (11/88) ITU-T G.744 (11/88) ITU-T G.775 (10/98) ITU-T M.3400 (04/97) ITU-T M.3010 (05/96) ITU-T G.775 (10/98) ITU-T G.821 (12/02) Digital hierarchy bit rates. Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces. Second order digital multiplex equipment operating at 8448 kbit/s and using positive justification. Second order PCM multiplex equipment operating at 8448 kbit/s. Loss of Signal (LOS), Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) and Remote Defect Indication (RDI) defect detection and clearance criteria for PDH signals. TMN Management functions. Principles for a TMN. Loss of Signal (LOS), Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) and Remote Defect Indication (RDI) defect detection and clearance criteria for PDH signals. Error performance of an international digital connection operating at a bit rate below the primary rate and forming part of an Integrated Services Digital Network. Error performance parameters and objectives for international, constant bit rate digital paths at or above the primary rate. The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy. Digital sections based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy.

ITU-T G.826 (08/96), refers to MP-MUX IDU ITU-T G.823 (03/93) ITU-T G.921

2.3.3 ITU-R
ITU-R F.385-6 Annex 1 ITU-R F.385-6 ITU-R F.386-6 Annex 3 and Annex 4 ITU-R ITU-R ITU-R ITU-R ITU-R ITU-R F.387 F.497-6 F.636-3 F.636-3 F.595-7 F.637-3 Annex 1 and Annex 3 7.425 7.725 GHz Duplex spacing 154 MHz 7.125 7.425 GHz Duplex spacing 161 MHz 7.425 7.725 GHz Duplex spacing 161 MHz 8.275 8.500 GHz Duplex spacing 119/126 MHz 7.900 8.400 GHz Duplex spacing 266 MHz 10,7 11,7 GHz Duplex spacing 530 MHz 12.75 13.25 GHz Duplex spacing 266 MHz 14.4 15.35 GHz Duplex spacing 490 MHz 14.5 15.35 GHz Duplex spacing 420 MHz 17.7 19.7 GHz Duplex spacing 1010 MHz 21.2 23.6 GHz Duplex spacing 1232 MHz 22.0 23.6 GHz Duplex spacing 1008 MHz 24.5 26.5 GHz Duplex spacing 1008 MHz 37.0 39.5 GHz Duplex spacing 1260 MHz

ITU-R F.748-2 Annex 1 ITU-R F.749-2 Annex 1

2.3.4 CEPT/ERC
CEPT/ERC CEPT/ERC CEPT/ERC CEPT/ERC Recommendation Recommendation Recommendation Recommendation T/R T/R T/R T/R 12-02 12-07 12-03 13-02 E E E E 12.75 13.25 GHz Duplex spacing 266 MHz 14.5 15.35 GHz Duplex spacing 728 MHz 17.7 19.7 GHz Duplex spacing 1010 MHz 22.0 23.6 GHz Duplex spacing 1008 MHz 24.5 26.5 GHz Duplex spacing 1008 MHz 37.0 39.5 GHz Duplex spacing 1260 MHz Spurious emissions

CEPT/ERC Recommendation T/R 12-01 E CEPT/ERC Recommendation 74-01E

2.3.5 IEEE
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet interface

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2.4 Terminal and Site Configurations

2.4.1 Unprotected Terminal (1+0)
Unprotected terminal configuration (1+0) consists of: One radio unit (ODU) One antenna One indoor unit

2.4.2 Protected Terminal (1+1)

The protected terminal configuration (1+1) is available using 1+1 IDUs, - CFM-MP-MUX. For more information on 1+1 configuration please refer to the CFM-MP-MUX Indoor Unit Installation and Configuration Manual (see chapter 9 for more information).

2.4.3 Repeater Site

At certain conditions it may become necessary to install one or more repeater sites. With the existing equipment it is possible to establish the repeater site by installing two complete CFM equipment sets (see Figure 2.1). This configuration allows the use of functions offered by the Service channel as well as the use of interfaces for data streams to be added or dropped in the both CFM IDUs at the repeater site.
Repeater Site
O D U O D U O D U O D U

IDU
PBX

IDU
IDU
PBX

LAN

IDU

LAN

PBX

LAN

Figure 2.1. Typical configuration of the repeater site

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Outdoor Unit and Antenna

3.1 General
The Outdoor Unit (ODU) and the antenna forms the outdoor part of the CFM site (one side of the hop). The Outdoor Unit is a radio unit which can be either directly connected to the antenna or installed separately using flexible waveguide. The Radio Unit is connected to the IDU using a single 50 coaxial cable, for more detailed information on the IDUODU cable please refer to chapter 5.1.

3.2 Radio Unit

The CFM-LM Radio Unit is implemented as a weatherproof white circular housing weighting 2.5 kg. There are following external features UBR flange in the centre of the case for connection to the antenna, The interface for connection to the IDU (N-type socket), The test port for antenna alignment (BNC socket).
RSSI signal port (BNC socket)
Mounting screws

Grounding screw, M6

IDU-ODU cable Ntype connector

Antenna port compatible with UBR-type flange

Figure 3.1. CFM-LM Radio Unit For ODU technical parameters please refer to chapter 8. Relation of RSSI Rx signal level and received power is specified in the configuration guide (see chapter 9) The ODUs have the following waveguide flanges: CFM-5-LM: N-type connector, 50 coaxial interface, CFM-7-LM: UBR 84, CFM-8-LM: UBR 84, CFM-10-LM: UBR 100, CFM-11-LM: UBR 100,

SAF CFM-LM Family Technical Description SAF Tehnika A/S 2006

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CFM-13-LM: UBR 140, CFM-15-LM: UBR 140, CFM-18-LM: UBR 220, CFM-22-LM: UBR 220, CFM-26-LM: UBR 260, CFM-32-LM: UBR 320, CFM-38-LM: UBR 320. For information about frequency allocation refer to document Channel Plans. The ODU contains temperature sensor and condensing moisture sensor. These indications are accessible through all available management methods. The temperature sensor indicates the temperature within the ODU, - it is normally about 6C higher than the outer temperature. As for the triggered moisture sensor, it is most likely that the ODU cover is opened. This is abnormal operational condition and should be averted as soon as possible.

3.3 Labelling
Each Outdoor Unit is labelled. The ODU is uniquely identified by the serial number.

Product type (internal use only)

Hardware version\ specification (internal use only)

Product model name

Product number 4-digit Product code (assigned to Product Number) Notified body Consecutive number

Figure 3.2. Label of the CFM-15-LM Radio

3.4 ODU Functional Design

The radio unit consists of the following components (please refer to Figure 3.3):
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Cable interface IF module Receiver & Transmitter units Controller module Synthesizer module Duplexer
Coax cable to IDU RX RSSI output

Intermediate Frequency Module

ODU

Cable Interface

Synthesizer Module
Transmitter

Controller Module

Figure 3.3. The CFM-LM radio unit block diagram

3.4.1 Cable Interface

There are two functions accomplished in the cable interface: The power supply of the radio unit, The provision of signal transportation to the IDU over the coaxial cable.

The supply voltage, which can be in the range from 20 to 60 V with both polarities in relation to the ground, is supplied from the IDU over the cable. A 350 MHz frequency signal, modulated with the filtered data signal, is received from the IDU. The cable interface contains the FM demodulation unit. The data signal from the output of the FM demodulation unit is forwarded to the modulation input of the voltagecontrolled oscillator in the transmitting part of the synthesizer module. Thus the data signal is transported from the IDU to the ODU. The cable can be so long until the maximum attenuation of the signal does not exceed 20 dB. The FM demodulators produce a voltage, which is proportional to the logarithm of the 350 MHz carrier power (cable RSSI). This voltage is supplied to the controller module and is used to check if the allowed length of the coaxial cable is not exceeded. The transportation of the data signal from the ODU to the IDU is carried out as follows: limited (constant level) 140 MHz intermediate frequency signal is supplied to the coaxial cable through the amplifier and the band-pass filter in the cable interface. This signal is
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Waveguide to Antenna

Receiver
Duplexer

16

frequency-modulated (the modulation is performed in the transmitter of the opposite station) and the length of the cable has no effect on the transmitted data signal, unless the 20 dB attenuation limit is kept up. Since the filtration and restriction of the intermediate frequency signal is performed in the radio unit, the transportation of the signal to the IDU has no effect on the sensitivity of the receiver. Additional data signal with a transmission rate of 9 kbps is transmitted over the same coaxial cable from the IDU to the ODU and vice versa. Both signals carry telemetry data between ODU and IDU. This is performed using two carriers with pulse-modulated amplitude. The data from the ODU to the IDU are transmitted on a 6 MHz carrier, but from the IDU to the ODU on a 4.5 MHz carrier.

3.4.2 Intermediate Frequency Module

The IF module is used for the second conversion and filtering of the signal. The 1542 MHz intermediate frequency signal is passed to the IF block from the first converter in the receiver. Synthesized 1402 MHz oscillator jointly with a mixer transforms the first intermediate frequency into the second intermediate frequency of 140 MHz. The second IF signal is filtered with a surface acoustic waves (SAW) filter, after the filtering the signal arrives to the logarithmic amplifier that has a signal limiter at the output. The logarithmic amplifier has an additional function an exact measurement of the power of the received signal. The direct voltage on the output of this amplifier is supplied to the controller module and is used for the measurements.

3.4.3 Synthesizer Module

The synthesizer module has two very similar frequency synthesizers. One synthesizer supplies the oscillator signal to the first mixer. The second has a modulation input and it supplies the signal to the transmitter. The synthesizers are based on the voltagecontrolled oscillators (VCO). The frequency of VCOs is stabilized and modified, using a phase-locked loop (PLL).

3.4.4 Receiver
The receiver performs amplification of the received signal by means of a low-noise amplifier (LNA), which is a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC), enclosed in a special package. The signal after that is forwarded to the mirror-channel filter, which is installed with the purpose to reduce the noise factor of the receiver. From the point of view of the input signal, sufficient attenuation of the mirror channel is provided by the duplexer filter. The amplified signal is passed to the subharmonic mixer, where it is converted to the frequency of 1542 MHz. This mixer is also a monolithic microwave integrated circuit. RX block has a waveguide input.

3.4.5 Transmitter
In the transmitter, the output frequency of the synthesizer module is doubled and the resulting signal is amplified. Both functions are performed by one monolithic microwave integrated circuit. By switching on and off the supply voltage, it is possible to switch on and off the transmitter. TX block has a waveguide output.

3.4.6 Duplexer
The duplexer is intended for combining the signals from the transmitter and receiver into the single waveguide to the antenna. This device is a narrow-band waveguide filter with one common waveguide output. Tx frequency setting in one station should match Rx frequency at the other station and vice versa.

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3.4.7 Controller Module

The controller module is intended to ensure the control and checking of the radio unit and a link with the IDU. The control functions are intended for: Setting of the synthesizer frequencies Setting of the output power Switching the receiver on and off Measuring the level of the received signal Measuring the signal attenuation in the cable Checking the synchronism of the synthesizers Measuring the temperature of the radio unit Checking the humidity in the radio unit

The checking functions are provided for:

Settings of the frequency and transmitter power are accomplished from the IDU management interface or through the management console. The ODU has its own management controller and the memory for configuration storage. The configuration information is stored in the ODU management controller EPROM. Consequently, in the case of the ODU replacement, the current configuration of link may change therefore the new parameters should be set. SAF Tehnika is shipping CFM-LM Outdoor Units with the following default settings: The transmitter is switched off (TxPower=off); The channel is set to one in the middle of the sub-band.

The Tx channel can be adjusted from the IDU or using other available management methods. The arrangement of frequency channels is given in tables in document Channel Plans.

3.5 Frequency Channel Arrangement

Please see the Channel Plans document provided by SAF Tehnika, it can be found in the documentation CD.

3.6 Antenna Unit

SAF Tehnika offers the following types of antennas for the CFM site installation according to availability and distance requirements: 25 cm LensHorn antennas (manufactured by SAF Tehnika)

Figure 3.4. 25 cm LensHorn antenna

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The following 25 cm Lens-Horn antennas are offered: Model CFM-18-ANT CFM-22-ANT Product code C18A2501 C22A2502 Frequency range 17.7 19.7 GHz 21.2 23.6 GHz

30 cm parabolic antennas (manufactured by COMHAT-PROVEXA) Model CFM-13-ANT CFM-15-ANT CFM-18-ANT CFM-22-ANT CFM-26-ANT CFM-38-ANT Product code C13A3002 C15A3002 C18A3002 C22A3003 C26A3002 C38A3002 Frequency range 12.75 13.25 GHz 14.4 15.35 GHz 17.7 19.7 GHz 21.2 23.6 GHz 24.25 26.5 GHz 37.0 39.5 GHz

The following 30 cm parabolic antennas are offered:

60 cm parabolic antennas (manufactured by COMHAT-PROVEXA) Model CFM-7-ANT CFM-8-ANT CFM-13-ANT CFM-15-ANT CFM-18-ANT CFM-22-ANT CFM-26-ANT CFM-38-ANT Product code C07A6002 C08A6002 C13A6002 C15A6002 C18A6002 C22A6003 C26A6002 C38A6002 Frequency range 7.1 7.9 GHz 7.7 8.5 GHz 12.75 13.25 GHz 14.4 15.35 GHz 17.7 19.7 GHz 21.2 23.6 GHz 24.25 26.5 GHz 37.0 39.5 GHz

The following 60 cm parabolic antennas are offered:

120 cm parabolic antennas (manufactured by COMHAT-PROVEXA) Model CFM-7-ANT CFM-8-ANT CFM-13-ANT CFM-15-ANT CFM-18-ANT CFM-22-ANT CFM-26-ANT Product code C07A1202 C08A1202 C13A1202 C15A1202 C18A1202 C22A1203 C26A1202 Frequency range 7.1 7.9 GHz 7.7 8.5 GHz 12.75 13.25 GHz 14.4 15.35 GHz 17.7 19.7 GHz 21.2 23.6 GHz 24.25 26.5 GHz

The following 120 cm parabolic antennas are offered:

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180 cm parabolic antennas (manufactured by COMHAT-PROVEXA) Model CFM-7-ANT CFM-8-ANT CFM-13-ANT CFM-15-ANT CFM-18-ANT CFM-22-ANT Product code C07A1802 C08A1802 C13A1802 C15A1802 C18A1802 C22A1803 Frequency range 7.125 7.750 GHz 7.75 8.50 GHz 12.75 13.25 GHz 14.4 15.35 GHz 17.7 19.7 GHz 21.2 23.6 GHz

The following 180 cm parabolic antennas are offered:

240 cm parabolic antennas (manufactured by COMHAT-PROVEXA) Model CFM-7-ANT CFM-8-ANT CFM-13-ANT Product code C07A2402 C08A2402 C13A2402 Frequency range 7.125 7.750 GHz 7.75 8.50 GHz 12.75 13.25 GHz

The following 240 cm parabolic antennas are offered:

300 cm parabolic antennas (manufactured by COMHAT-PROVEXA) Model CFM-7-ANT CFM-8-ANT Product code C07A3002 C08A3002 Frequency range 7.125 7.750 GHz 7.75 8.50 GHz

The following 300 cm parabolic antennas are offered:

As an alternative to antennas offered by SAF Tehnika, other antennas can be used. For rough and fine antenna alignment adjustments, a voltmeter and the cable for connection of voltmeter to ODU is required, the RSSI port has a BNC socket. All screws complemented with LensHorn antenna for connection and adjustment is in stainless steel and all nuts are in brass (stainless).

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Indoor Unit

4.1 General
The Indoor Unit (IDU) is the mandatory component of the CFM-LM microwave radio system and it provides:

Means of interconnecting the Outdoor Unit and the user equipment, Local and remote management functionality, Supply voltage to the ODU. CFM-8-REB CFM-16-REBM , CFM-34-REBM CFM-8-MUX, CFM-16-MUX CFM-8-4E1, CFM-16-8E1, CFM-34-16E1 CFM-M-MUX and CFM-MR-MUX modular IDUs (1U high), that can be equipped with 4 interface modules (V.35, E1, 4xE1 or 10/100Base-T Ethernet module), supporting WAN data rates of 8 Mbps, 16 Mbps and 34 Mbps; CFM-MA-MUX modular IDU (1U high), that can be equipped with 4 interface modules (4xT1 or 10/100Base-T Ethernet module), supporting WAN data rates of 6.75 Mbps, 13.5 Mbps and 27 Mbps CFM-MP-MUX, supporting 1+1 link configurations.

The following CFM-LM Indoor units are available:

The IDU is intended for installation in weather protected equipment shelters or inside buildings. Each of the IDU terminals is implemented as 19 rack mountable aluminium 1U high unit (with the exception of 1+1 CFM-MP-MUX IDU, which is 2U high). The depth of the unit is 230 mm without front panel handles, 270 mm with handles. All traffic interfaces are located on the front of the IDU. The CFM series LM IDUs provide the following management ports:

RS232 serial management port, DB9 connector is located at the rear panel of the IDU, 10BaseT Ethernet management port, RJ45 socket is located at the rear side of the IDU panel, Alarm port (optional), e.i., alarm relay outputs for power supply failure, Synch Lost alarm, Radio alarm, and transmitter PLL failure, as well as four additional inputs for user equipment.

A maximum of 350 mm deep rack is required for the IDU to be mounted, from mounting points of front panel including space behind the unit for cables to RF, Grounding point, Ethernet and Serial management interfaces. Some space is required in front of the IDU for traffic interface cables, as a minimum 5 cm from the front panel are needed for Ethernet patch-cable and E1 interface cable. As a minimum of 10 cm to 12 cm of supplementary space is required (mainly depending on the RF cable type) behind the IDU for management interface cables and RF cable.

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12 cm (4.72 ")

23 cm (9.10 ")

4 cm (1.57 ")
48.6 cm (19.29 ")

42.6 cm (16.93 ")

Figure 4.1. IDU dimensions

4.1.1 CFM-8-REB IDU

The Remote Ethernet Bridge IDU is fixed configuration Ethernet bridge, provides full radio capacity of 8 Mbps to 10BaseT UTP Ethernet interface on the LAN side.
CLEAR
48V +

CFM-8-REB
SL RA
WTX WRX LINK LTX LRX COL ERR R

LAN

ENTER

Figure 4.2. The CFM-8-REB IDU front panel

Figure 4.3. The rear panel of the CFM-8-REB IDU

4.1.2 CFM-16-REBM and CFM-34-REBM IDU

The Modular Fast Ethernet bridge IDU has the modular configuration and provides 100Base-Tx UTP LAN interface plus two interface slots that can be equipped with two interface modules (V.35, E1 or 10Base-T Ethernet) providing additional traffic interfaces with a maximum capacity of 2 Mbps each. The CFM-16-REBM provides WAN data rate of 16 Mbps, the CFM-34-REBM provides maximum WAN data rate of 34 Mbps.
CLEAR

CFM-34-REBM
SL RA

100M
ENTER

LAN

Slot 3

Slot 4

Figure 4.4. The CFM-34-REBM IDU front panel

4.1.3 CFM-8-MUX and CFM-16-MUX IDU

The CFM-8-MUX and the CFM-16-MUX Indoor Units are modular and can be equipped with 4 interface modules (V.35, E1 or 10Base-T Ethernet), the CFM-8-MUX provides maximum WAN data rate of 8 Mbps, the CFM-16-MUX provides maximum WAN data rate of 16 Mbps.

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AIS

RX

- 48V +

CFM-8-MUX
SL RA ENTER OUT

RX

TX

LB

TX

SL

LB

CLEAR

E1

IN

LAN RX

WAN RX

LAN RX

WAN RX

V.35

TX

REB

TX

TX

REB

TX

Figure 4.5. The CFM-8-MUX IDU front panel

4.1.4 CFM E1 Indoor Units

All CFM series E1 IDUs are fixed configuration multiplexers providing multiplexing of E1 channels into a single 34 Mbps stream. The CFM-8-4E1 IDU provide 4 E1 channel ports on BNC and RJ-45 connectors. The CFM-16-8E1 IDU provide 8 E1 channel ports on DB25 connector (4xE1 ports per DB25 connector) or RJ-45 connectors. The CFM-34-16E1 IDU provide 4 E1 channel ports on RJ-45 connectors.
48V +

CFM-16-8E1
SL RA

CLEAR

U75

ENTER

Figure 4.6. CFM-16-8E1 IDU front panel

4.1.5 CFM-M-MUX Indoor Unit

The CFM-M-MUX Indoor Unit is modular and can be equipped with 4 interface modules (V.35, E1, 4xE1 or 2-port 100Base-T Ethernet), supports WAN data rates of 8 Mbps, 16 Mbps and 34 Mbps, data rates are software selectable.

4.1.6 CFM-MA-MUX Indoor Unit

The CFM-MA-MUX modular IDU (1U high), that can be equipped with 4 interface modules (4xT1 or 10/100Base-T Ethernet module), it supports WAN data rates of 6.75 Mbps, 13.5 Mbps and 27 Mbps

4.1.7 CFM-MP-MUX 1+1 Indoor Unit

The CFM-MP-MUX Indoor Unit is modular multiplexer with doubled Power Supply and Cable Interface circuitry, supports HSB, FD and SD 1+1 link configurations. The unit can be equipped with 4 interface modules (V.35, E1, 4xE1 or 2-port 100Base-T Ethernet), supports WAN data rates of 8 Mbps, 16 Mbps and 34 Mbps, data rates are software selectable. The CFM-MP-MUX IDU is 2U high.
CABLE CABLE POWER TX ACTIVE RX ACTIVE

ODU port (N-type connector)

POWER TX ACTIVE RX ACTIVE

CFM-MP-MUX

Module Slot 1

Module Slot 2

Module Slot 3

Module Slot 4

48V

48V

CLEAR
SYNC RADIO REMOTE ALARM

E1

RX

TX

SL

LB

FREB

LAN

ENTER

V.35

V2

10/100 ETH

Dry relay alarm port

Hidden reset button

ASCII console port (RS232)

Ethernet management ports

Grounding screw

Figure 4.7. CFM-MP-MUX IDU front and rear panel

4.2 IDU Functional Design

The CFM IDUs consist of the following functional blocks (see Figure 4.8 and Figure 4.9):
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Cable interface Base-band modem Power supply unit Management controller Multiplexer (MUX) board (refers to the multiplexer, E1 and modular Fast Ethernet bridge IDUs only); Ethernet Interface board (refers to the CFM-8-REB only) Traffic interfaces
RS232 Ethernet LCD

Alarm Port

IDU

Management Controller

Coax cable to ODU

Cable Interface

Base-band Modem
E1 Interface

MUX

Power Supply Unit

. . . . (4 16) x E1 Interfaces . . . .

Figure 4.8. The CFM series E1 IDU block diagram

RS232 Ethernet LCD

IDU

Management Controller

Coax cable to ODU

Cable Interface

Base-band Modem

Ethernet Interface Board

Power Supply Unit

Figure 4.9. The CFM-8-REB IDU block diagram

4.2.1 Cable Interface

The cable interface provides the power supply voltages for all blocks and the ODU. Since the DC-DC of the power supply is isolated, the supply voltages of the device may be positive or negative in respect to the ground. Like the ODU, the extra telemetry data flow is transmitted using the method of the pulseamplitude modulation. The received 140 MHz signal (from ODU) is demodulated in the frequency demodulator, from which the signal is fed to the MUX module.

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E1 Interface

24

From the MUX module the four level data signal is passed to the 350 MHz voltage controlled generator. The carrier-modified signal is passed through the buffer amplifier and the band pass filter to the cable, which is connected to the ODU.

4.2.2 Base-band Modem

Base-band modem performs coding, decoding and scrambling of the four level data signal.

4.2.3 Management Controller

The management controller provides the control of and checking of the IDU and ODU, as well as the management and monitoring functionality. Management controller contains TCP/IP stack and acts as an IP packet router for management traffic. There is Web page, SNMP agent and Telnet client/servers implemented providing comprehensive management functionality and allows to integrate the CFM equipment in any telecommunications network easily.

4.2.4 Multiplexer (MUX)

The multiplexer module performs multiplexing and demultiplexing of the WAN data channel into interface traffic channels and 16 kbps telemetry channel.

4.2.5 Traffic Interfaces

The traffic interface provide physical interface between user equipment and the multiplexer. For modular IDUs (MUX and REBM type IDUs) special traffic interface modules are available:

the E1 interface module: single E1 port module which terminates G.703 2 Mbps channel; the E1 interface module provides two types of traffic port connectors: 120 balanced interface on RJ-45 type connector and 75 unbalanced interface on BNC type connectors (a pair of coaxial cables with the BNC type connectors are required); the V.35 interface module is provided with M.34 standard connector. The V.35 module terminates 2, 4, 6 or 8 Mbps from multiplexer and provides user configurable data rates of 64 kbps, 128 kbps, 256 kbps, 512 kbps, 1024 kbps, 2048 kbps, 4 Mbps, 6 Mbps or 8 Mbps to single V.35 interface; the Remote Ethernet Bridge module (REB module). The REB module terminates 2 Mbps, 4 Mbps, 6 Mbps or 8 Mbps from multiplexer and provides single 10 Mbps 10Base-T Ethernet port on the LAN side. The REB interface module contains a complete filtering Ethernet bridge.

4.2.6 Ethernet Interface Board

The Ethernet interface board has a built in two-port packet switching engine. One of the ports is 10 Mbps on 10BaseT Ethernet interface (implemented as RJ-45 type connector). The other port is synchronous serial interface that is terminated in the baseband modem, hence the full capacity is terminated in the Ethernet interface board from the Radio Unit.

4.3 Updating Management Controller Software

Generally the user can update the IDU management software by uploading the appropriate firmware file to IDU Flash disk, and then edit boot configuration file if necessary. The file upload can be performed via Ethernet management port using FTP (recommended), via Ethernet management port using TFTP, or via RS232 serial port using Xmodem protocol.

The detailed information on software update can be found in IDU Configuration Guides, see chapter 9 for references.
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Cables
IDUODU cable; Cable to digital multimeter for antenna alignment during the installation; Interface cables (E1, Ethernet, V.35); Power cable to the IDU.

In order to install the CFM site, the following types of cables are needed:

In case of necessity, SAF Tehnika can offer the aforementioned types of cables.

5.1 IDUODU Cable

IDUODU cable is a 50 coaxial cable intended to interconnect the Indoor Unit with the Outdoor Unit. Any type of 50 cable of good quality can be used, the cable should be equipped with Ntype male connectors on each end. There are two Ntype male connectors included in each radio unit delivery that fit RG213 cables or other cables with a surface diameter of 10 mm. As the attenuation of the cable is essential particularly at 350 MHz frequency, its usage is restricted, - the attenuation of the signal should not exceed 20 dB at 350 MHz. Commonly employing RG213 type coaxial cable, its length may reach 100 m, LMR400 type cable may usually reach up to 300 m in length.

5.2 Cable for Antenna Alignment

To connect the digital multimeter to the ODU RSSI port in order to adjust the antenna alignment, a coaxial cable with BNC connector on one end and appropriate termination on other end can be used (see example in Figure 5.1).

Figure 5.1. Cable for connection of voltmeter to the ODU RSSI port

5.3 Traffic Interface Cables

The following types of traffic interface cables could be used with CFM-LM IDU traffic interfaces: Cat3 unshielded twisted pair (UTP) or better for 10Base-T Ethernet; Cat5 UTP or better for 100Base-Tx Ethernet connection; Cat3 UTP or better for the E1 balanced interfaces; Any 75 coaxial cable with BNC connectors for the E1 unbalanced traffic port.
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For cable connector pinouts please refer to the CFM product configuration guides, see References for more information.

5.4 Management Interface Cables

Standard Ethernet patch cables should be used with management Ethernet port of the IDU; Any straight through or modem serial cable could be used with RS-232 management port of the IDU.

5.5 Power Cable

Due to low power consumption of the CFM terminals, there are no special requirements for the cable used to connect the IDU to the DC power source. Any 2 wire power cable of good quality which fits well in SAF Tehnikas supplied 2 pole screw on power connector could be used. The power connector is 2 pole, type 2ESDV-02.

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Management System

6.1 General
The Management System offered by the CFM-LM microwave radio system provides feature rich functionality enabling easy integration of equipment into the modern telecommunication networks as well as ways to control and maintain the equipment within the network. It conforms and is designed according to general principles of the digital network management. The CFM equipment provides both local and remote management tools. Each CFM LM Indoor Unit houses intelligent management controller providing several services: TCP/IP stack RIP II routing SNMP server Web server Telnet client and server Command Line Interpreter

TCP/IP packets are used as a main transport mechanism for the management information, each management controller acts as a TCP/IP router for management information, this way enabling a creation of routed TCP/IP network from the CFM and other equipment. All CFM-LM product family Indoor Units comprise several physical management interfaces: LCD display and keypad Ethernet port RS232 serial port Over the air Service Channel multiplexed into data stream to and from radio for far side terminal access. This feature is not available for the CFM-8-REB IDU only.

Several management methods are supported for easy and convenient managing of the equipment: Local management using LCD display and keypad; Local management using ASCII terminal attached to RS-232 management port of the IDU; Remote management using terminal connected through analog line and modem to the RS-232 serial management port of the IDU; Local or remote management over Ethernet management port of the IDU. using LCD display and keypad, using Command Line Interface on Terminal and/or Telnet session (via RS232 and Ethernet console ports respectively), using IDU Web page.

Consequently, the equipment can be managed: -

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Current implementation of SNMP service is intended for data acquisition (collecting statistics) and management of the alarms. SAF Tehnika provides private MIB and supports MIB-II RFC1213 standard MIB, this way enabling easy integration of the CFM equipment into any SNMP managed network (under any standards based SNMP management application or MIB browser), for example, HP Open View. The CFM-LM offered management platform does not highlight special PC requirements. The customer should choose the appropriate software depending on the management method(s) he prefers. The following software categories could be used: Terminals (e.g., Hyper Terminal); Telnet browsers or SNMP management applications (e.g., HP Open View); Web browsers (MS Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator or other).

6.2 Physical and Logical Management Interfaces

Management system users

Physical management interfaces

Software components in management controller board

Radio terminal (ODU + IDU) hardware components accessible from management system

IP / ICMP

UDP

SNMP

MM Controller Board

HTTP

Command Line Interpreter Engine

Ethernet

TCP

or
Ethernet board

Telnet

Workstation

RS-232 Serial Port

LCD Keypad

ODU MM Controller

Figure 6.1

6.3 Management Features

6.3.1 RS-232 Serial Port
RS-232 serial management port of the IDU provides Terminal management via connected PC or other terminal device or modem. The terminal connected to the serial management port provides the same management functionality as Telnet console (refer to chapter 6.3.3). In order to interconnect the IDU and the Management Terminal directly through serial ports, a straight through modem cable is needed. The serial port of the Management Terminal should be configured as 19200 8-1-N, no data flow control.
RS-232

IDU

PC/Terminal

IDU

RS-232

Modem

Modem

PC/Terminal

Figure 6.2

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Traffic Interface(s)

MUX

IF

IF

29

If using modems, the management terminal is connected with the IDU remotely through a telephone line. In this case the modem, which is connected with the IDU should be set to auto answer mode.

6.3.2 Ethernet port

Ethernet port of the CFM-LM IDU is intended as main source of management connectivity and will provide the broadest range of management functionality: Web management via integrated Web server in the management software; SNMP management via integrated SNMP agent; Telnet server and CLI interface; To PC/Laptop to manage IDU, To LAN to constantly monitor IDU, To router or any other TCP/IP packet network termination unit to have IDU as part of network for management information.

Ethernet interface could be used to connect IDU:

6.3.3 Telnet/ASCII Console Command Interface

Telnet/Command Line Interface functionality and command system are described in the CFM-LM Indoor Unit Configuration Guides, please refer to chapter 9.

6.3.4 Web Interface

The implementation of Web interface for the CFM-LM IDU provides configuration and monitoring capabilities similar to ones available using on LCD/Keypad and front panel LEDs. Currently the Web interface functionality is available through the Ethernet management port and/or service channel only.

Figure 6.3. Web management interface: the CFM-16-8E1 IDU channels configuration window Web interface is accessible by any standards based Web browser.

6.3.5 SNMP Interface

SNMP management functionality is available from any SNMP browser, by means of compiling SAF MIB to browsers MIB base. SAF MIB is available from:
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SAF Tehnika Web site, www.saftehnika.com From SAF Tehnika tech support, email: techsupport@saftehnika.com Contacting SAF Tehnika or distributors.

***** SNMP QUERY STARTED ***** sysDescr.0 (octets) SAF SNMP and WWW management sysObjectID.0 (oid) saf sysUpTime.0 (timeticks) 0 days 00h:33m:34s.90th (201490) productDescr.0 (octets) SAF CFM-34-REBM description.0 (octets) SAF 23GHz microwave radio radioAlarm.0 (int32) on(1) signalAlarm.0 (int32) none(0) v_01.0 (octets) Tx=23362.5MHz v_02.0 (octets) Rx=22354.5MHz v_03.0 (octets) TxPower=+20dBm v_05.0 (octets) RxLev=-109dBm v_06.0 (octets) Cable=- 26dB v_07.0 (octets) TxOut=Ok v_08.0 (octets) TxPLL=Ok v_09.0 (octets) RxPLL=Ok v_10.0 (octets) t= 23C v_11.0 (octets) Humidity=Low v_12.0 (octets) Restart= 4 v_13.0 (octets) IDU t= 27C v_14.0 (octets) RF Cable - OFF ***** SNMP QUERY FINISHED *****

Sample of SNMP query of the CFM LM IDU

6.3.6 Alarm Port

The alarm port is an optional feature. The alarm port comprises:

The set of outputs of relay switches for the CFM site supervision, the outputs are:

Power Alarm, - warns about any problems with DC power supply of the CFM site; Synch Lost (SL) alarm, - this alarm triggers if multiplexer frame synchronization is lost; Remote Alarm Indicator (RAI), warns that the remote site has SL alarm switched on; Radio Alarm (RA), - warns about the problem with ODU and/or IDU-ODU cable and/or received signal level is too low.

Four user inputs which can be used to connect an external device that requires to be supervised.

The alarm port inputs and outputs can be supervised via SNMP manager and/or Web console. The alarm port has a DB25 type connector and is located on the rear panel of the IDU. For more detailed information about alarm port, please refer to the Configuration Guide, the available configuration guides for the CFM equipment are listed in Chapter References.

6.4 Loop Tests

Loop tests (loopbacks) are to be used for installation, fault tracing, performance or connectivity measurements and other.

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Loopback tests are accessible using local and remote management methods (except for the Web terminal). The following loopbacks are available: Baseband loopback Interface loopbacks RF (Radio) loopback (see notes below)

The RF and Base-band loopbacks can be set on a fixed time interval only.

6.4.1 Baseband loopback

Baseband loopback: The modulated signal on the baseband modem output is immediately looped back to the receiving device. There are two baseband loop tests available: Analog: The analog loopback is not dual; Digital: The digital loopback is dual.

Both Baseband loops can not be set simultaneously.

6.4.2 Radio loopback

RF loopback: the signal is transmitted (through the radio) and immediately received (with the same frequency) and looped back to the receiving device. This is the special operation mode, where the Rx frequency during the loopback test time is set equal to the Tx frequency. The RF loopback is not dual.

6.4.3 Interface loopbacks

The interface loop is set in the traffic interface module, - for MUX and REBM IDUs in the E1 and V.35 interfaces, for E1 IDUs in the E1 transceiver chip. The interface loopbacks are available for V.35 and E1 interfaces only, the loop test can not be set in the Ethernet interface.

E1 G.703

Analog Interface

Local digital loopback

E1 G.703

Analog Interface

Analog loopback

E1 G.703

Analog Interface

Remote digital loopback

Figure 6.4. The interface loopbacks for the CFM-16-8E1 and the CFM-34-16E1 IDUs

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CPU

I C bus

IN

E1 G.703 HDB3
OUT

Analog Interface

Remote loop

Local loop

Figure 6.5. The E1 interface module digital loopback (for the modular IDUs equipped with the E1 interface module); the analog and remote interface loopbacks are similar to those for the CFM-16-8E1 and CFM-34-16E1 IDUs
CPU
Remote loop
IN
SCTE TxD DTR RTS

I C bus

V.35 Interface

Local loop
DSR RxD RxC

OUT

Figure 6.6. The V.35 interface module loopback (for the modular IDUs equipped with the E1 interface module)

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Multiplexer

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Accessories

7.1 Earthing Accessories

SAF Tehnika does not supply any extra special earthing accessories due to the large variety of earthing circuits one could find at the installation sites.

Since the IDU case is not grounded through the power connector, the IDU must be grounded using grounding screw (M6) located on the back panel of the IDU.

Please note that proper grounding of all the components is essential to achieve reliable operation and lightning protection. It is important to earth both the ODU and the IDU using the same earthing circuit. It is recommended to earth the radio cable in its lower part and for longer cable every 50 meters. Both IDU and ODU units have a reasonable lightning and overvoltage protection built in. However it is essential to fit the lightning rod on the mast head, the equipment should be fitted on the mast so that it is located in the space contained by the 45 deg. cone, formed from the top of the lightning rod to the ground. It is unacceptable to fit the antenna on the very top of the mast.

7.2 Performance and Availability Calculation Tool

SAF Tehnika provides software (MS Excel workbook) to aid in the network planning considerations; it allows the user to determine the major parameters of Tx/Rx equipment according to the required availability, performance, and distance and path data.

Figure 7.1

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Technical Data
Refer to Chapter 2.2.3 For information about ODU supported bit rates and corresponding channel spacings, please refer to chapter 2.2.3
IDU model CFM-8-4E1 CFM-16-8E1 CFM-34-16E1 CFM-34-E3 CFM-34-REBM CFM-8-MUX CFM-16-MUX CFM-8-REB Bit-rate 4x2 Mbps 8x2 Mbps 16x2 Mbps 34 Mbps 34 Mbps 8 Mbps 16 Mbps 8 Mbps Traffic interface G.703 (RJ-45 and BNC connectors) G.703 (RJ-45 or DB25 connectors) G.703 (RJ-45 connectors) G.703 (BNC connectors) 10/100Base-Tx + 2x(E1 or 10Base-T or V.35) 3x(E1 or 10Base-T or V.35) 3x(E1 or 10Base-T or V.35) 10Base-T UTP

8.1 General Parameters

Frequency subbands and duplex shift. ODU and IDU Bitrate/ Traffic interfaces

Channel spacing (carrier spacing) on supported bit rates Modulation Transmitter power Tx power attenuation

Radio data rate 34 Mbps 28 MHz (27.50 for CFM-18-LM ODU) Radio data rate 16 Mbps 14 MHz (13.75 for CFM-18-LM ODU) Radio data rate 8 Mbps 7 MHz 4 FSK Refer to Chapter 2.2.3 030 dB (1 dB step) for the CFM-15-LM and CFM-13-LM ODU; 029 dB (1 dB step) for the CFM-26-LM, CFM-22-LM and CFM-18-LM ODU; 037 dB (1 dB step) for the CFM-7-LM and CFM-10-LM ODU; 027 dB (1 dB step) for the CFM-11-LM ODU, 043 dB (1 dB step) for the CFM-8-LM ODU, 043 dB (1 dB step) for the CFM-5-LM ODU, 026 dB (1 dB step) for the CFM-32-LM ODU, 024 dB (1 dB step) for the CFM-38-LM ODU.

Frequency stability Background BER (ETS EN 300 198 method) Max. input power at antenna port Waveguide flange Cable (IDU - ODU: single coaxial Ambient Temperature Power supply Mechanical data Antenna

+/- 10 PPM <10-11 0 dBm See Chapter 3 Up to 100 m of RG-213 or similar, w/ N-type connectors ODU: -33oC to +55oC; IDU: -5oC to +40oC 20 60 VDC, 24 W (IDU+ODU) See Chapter 8.3. The offered antennas are listed in Chapter 3.6. For detailed information about antennas please refer to the corresponding antenna datasheet, antenna datasheets can be obtained from SAF Tehnika Web site, or by contacting SAF Tehnika representative. Any other suitable antennas can be used apart from those described in Chapter 3.6.

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8.2 Receiver thresholds at antenna port and System Gain (guaranteed values).
8Mbps Frequency 5 GHz 7 GHz 8 GHz 10 GHz 11 GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz 32 GHz 38 GHz 16Mbps Frequency 5 GHz 7 GHz 8 GHz 10 GHz 11 GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz 32 GHz 38 GHz 34Mbps Frequency 5 GHz 7 GHz 8 GHz 10 GHz 11 GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz 32 GHz 38 GHz Receiver Threshold at BER 10-3 (dBm) -85 -87.5 -87.5 -87 -87 -84 -84 -84 -84 -81 -84 -80 Receiver Threshold at BER 10-6 (dBm) -82 -84.5 -84.5 -83 -83 -81 -81 -81 -80.5 -76 -80 -76.5 System Gain at BER 10-3 (dB) 118 114.5 114.5 114 114 104 104 103 103 100 100 94 System Gain at BER 10-6 (dB) 115 111.5 111.5 110 110 101 101 100 99.5 95 96 90.5

Receiver Threshold at BER 10-3 (dBm) -82 -84 -84 -84 -84 -81 -81 -80 -82 -81 -81 -77

Receiver Threshold at BER 10-6 (dBm) -79 -80 -80 -81 -81 -78 -78 -77 -78.5 -76 -77 -73.5

System Gain at BER 10-3 (dB) 115 111 111 111 111 101 101 99 101 100 97 91

System Gain at BER 10-6 (dB) 112 107 107 108 108 98 98 96 97.5 95 93 87.5

Receiver Threshold at BER 10-3 (dBm) -79 -81 -81 -79 -79 -78 -78 -77 -79 -78 -78 -74

Receiver Threshold at BER 10-6 (dBm) -76 -77 -77 -77 -77 -75 -75 -74 -75.5 -73 -74 -70.5

System Gain at BER 10-3 (dB) 112 108 108 106 106 98 98 96 98 97 94 88

System Gain at BER 10-6 (dB) 109 104 104 104 104 95 95 93 94.5 92 90 84.5

Note: for IDUs supporting FEC, the figures are better by 4 dB.
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8.3 Mechanical Data

8.3.1 IDU mechanical parameters
IDU model CFM-8-4E1 CFM-16-8E1 CFM-34-16E1 CFM-34-E3 CFM-34-REBM CFM-8-MUX CFM-16-MUX CFM-8-REB CFM-M-MUX CFM-MP-MUX Dimensions HxWxD [mm] 44x482x284 44x482x284 44x482x284 44x482x284 44x482x284 44x482x284 44x482x284 44x482x284 44x482x284 88x482x284 Weight [kg] 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.8

482

284

Figure 8.1. Dimensions of the IDU

8.3.2 ODU mechanical parameters

Dimensions [mm] Weight [kg] 280 x 85 2.5

O 280

85

Figure 8.2. Dimensions of the CFM LM series ODU

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8.4 Power Supply

The power consumption of the single terminal (ODU+IDU) is from 20 to 52 W, depending on IDU type and installed modules. Each IDU supplies its own ODU. The single terminal should be supplied with 20 60 VDC, either + or - pole can be grounded. The grounding connector is located at the rear side of each IDU. SAF Tehnika offers 220 V 48 V power supply for the single IDU as the supplementary accessory. Any other type of DC supply that complies with the above mentioned requirements could be used.

8.5 Environmental Requirements

SAF Tehnika CFM-LM equipment fulfils subsets of ETS 300 019 standard as included in EN 300 198 radio standard: Indoor Unit is Climatic Class 3.1E compliant (according to ETSI ETS 300 019-1-3) and are intended to be operational in weather-protected locations (equipment rooms or shelters), with: Temperature from 5 to +40 0C; Humidity from 5% to 95%, Solar radiation up to 700 W/m2; Wind velocity up to 5 m/s (18 km/h).

Outdoor Unit is Climatic Class 4.1 compliant (according to ETSI ETS 300 019-1-4) and can be used without performance degradation outdoors under the following conditions: Temperature from 33 to +55 0C; Humidity from 15% to 100%; Solar radiation up to 1200 W/m2; Wind velocity up to 50 m/s (180 km/h).

The IDU has the IP 20 degree of protection according to IEC 60529 standard. The ODU has the IP 67 degree of protection according to IEC 60529 standard.

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References

All the documents comprised in this chapter can be found on the documentation CD accompanied with the SAF product. The documentation can also be ordered from the SAF Tehnika or its sales representatives. CFM LM/L4 series Outdoor Unit and Indoor Unit Technical Description Besides this document, SAF Tehnika offers technical description of CFM-LM/L4 Radio and Indoor Unit in greater detail (IDU and ODU), which covers functional and framework aspects, technical data and more. Configuration Guides Configuration guides provide the necessary information regarding the installation and configuration of CFM products, these documents mostly describe the management system and methods to configure the equipment. The following configuration guides are available: CFM Series E1 Indoor Units: Management System Technical Description and Configuration Guide; CFM-34-REBM Modular Fast Ethernet Bridge: Indoor Unit Management System Technical Description and Configuration Guide; CFM-4-REB and CFM-8-REB Ethernet Bridge: Indoor Unit Management System Technical Description and Configuration Guide; CFM Modular Multiplexer: Indoor Unit Management System Technical Description and Configuration Guide. CFM-MP-MUX Indoor Unit Installation and Configuration Manual. CFM-MA-MUX Indoor Unit Installation and Configuration Manual.

Product Family Technical Descriptions There are two technical descriptions available: CFM LM Series Microwave Radio System Product Family: Technical Description (this document); CFM L4 Series Microwave Radio System Product Family: Technical Description; This document is a generic technical description of the CFM-L4 radio and IDUs that are compatible with it, it comprises the installation and commissioning issues and respective accessories, functional descriptions, technical data, a.o.

Channel Plans All channel plans supported by the CFM series radios are given in the Channel Plans document.

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10 SAF Tehnika A/S Contacts

Most up to date contacts of SAF Tehnika A/S could be found at Web site www.saftehnika.com. SAF Tehnika A/S technical support could be reached at: Email: Telephone: Fax: techsupport@saftehnika.com +371 7046840 +371 7046809

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