a

site re
-

Stockycolumns fit 2oompa

↳ fail by squashing

--
-
Slender columns

Ire
Il Mr
I th
qY

N
-

fez
M N-e
=

sow imperfections i
(N-My -Mz.3 M
-

litions

:
-

le

Plastic Centroid, Pc Acfc

=

I
Eat, Ps=Asts
=

N
Pc P3
+

i Pc + Ps squash
= load.

as mltn ds

Ifdoubly symmetric: dp de
=
a
Es
↓ -

0.002(fc 28) -0.85

8 (Ex)
0.85
-

= -

Ec 0.857c.
=
Jna.b-
--

invove Es
isdefined
or -

e
-

k =

- >

= I
Es
E

--F52
PN =

-> F53

*.m,i
N③
"
EF W =

EM= M.

Ac=bD -
As -
Ar
-

Ra -> D: No 0.83 =

fc+Asfy
 tt
851 =300415x300

0.89.30 Os
⑮

it I (b) (C) (d) (2)

-

fc 30
=

Mar;fy 300 MPa =

I
450000 0.85 30+
mm
+
x
No =

Ac 500x900
=

4500
=

As 16,000 mi
=
16000x300 N
=

ifAc bD A5
= -

E No= 15867kN
= 2.9%
less)

Assume 450mm: 0.85 -0.007(30 28) 0.836 -

8
-

n
=
=

376mm
Ya
=

Fc 0.83 30
= x

fex
+
b 0.83x30x376x500/1000
=
4797 un
=

- -

↳ top dc 450-188 =-262mm

&1 from the ->
188mm
=

=
-

2
3 0.0000066/5y 2
=

=
0.015
=

k
=

-
200000
-
=

E4
* K.(450-057
=
0.002470.0015->
=
yield: ·

fy

sbottom k(490-100)
* -
0.0023>
=

asy- yielded.
-
-
 yY =
225mm
Esy
*

k.y
=

= -s =

x(0.288) 337.5(0.157 2
(1350
x
0.3575 375
+

M
+

=
x
*

+ 4797 x0.962 2540nNm.

=

N 2f
*
=

4797
=

190

... -
16215----
 Plastic Analysis
-

Roin and Bergmann (190

-
rmex,
PointB. =
I

Fc1 F51
+ fsz f53
=
+

-> Fc Fsz
= => hn

m
Mo
(Fx (fcz) F(z)
= =

Isz

·t Fsz 2.hntwity
2hn
-
=

10.300
=

Gn
=

F 500x
=

(450 -hn) 0.85x30

x

Fan Fsz
=
=

hn 306mm (350mm
=

F(1 0.85
=

30 x500 (450
x
x -

306) 1836kN
=

F(1 300x75x300
=
(350 3067.10.300 1482
+
-
=
nw F53
=
- Is, 1482 kN

Fo6=38/ed1
=

300x15x51.5
44x10x22
+

30
= -
44x10 300x15
+

355mm
-

N 0
=

: Mo- Fse*ds+Faxdan+Es
*
d53=
& -
-
-

fadan 1482x2x0.355+
ex finds
=

+
-

1836 0.328 NM
=

+
x

hn 306mm
=

/
Fa
t

->
f53

(c c) -

B - B

↑ 2Fsz
=
+ Fc Fse
=
+ fin + fc fa =
+ Ec fcz
+ =

11 1/

IC F3
=Pc Acfa =
 ↳"

I
are -

Wpsty+te
Mstees
Ac
=

Mmax= +

upe. Ay FC]
-

(F Fan
=
+

1 (x A Er 2 =
+
+ =

2+
+

re "
"B

In-.../imp)Pmmx*m***
Fan+fs fsz + fs3
(B):
=

-Etts ->

(B):Mo=Fcxdx 2fsex
+
de
 -anete
notation
Wi4

y rf---tonua,
Asi
·

e
! Mpl, d

Npe,Rd Aafyd+A 0.8sted+(A

= +id)
Ac = bcc
As
=b=Ae. -

Npm,rd=As.0.85fed ept.

Mmax,rd=Wpatyd * Acd.0.05(+wpsfsd)
+

~ps 4(As:2yi)
=
Mpe,rd=
In isfound from:fa= sz

#
Mpena= (Wpa-wpr) tyd. (I-wn)

Twin
/In
U(254x254x89

Aa 1400 mi
-
-> =

10mm
Wpa,y 1.228 x
->
=

0.575 100mm
->
Wpa, z =
x

+1 tw
10.5;h 260;b 256.
=

1.3;
=

=
=

fcd 16.2, 0.55fed=14.2

5355 Ayd=355;225/30
-
-
=

G,d=435 Mda 1 hw h-2+1=225mm

Ask 500 =

->
=

46d12 140600 mm t
1400
=

400
Ac 400 x
=
- -

Ny, pd= Aatyd+AcAcd+ Asfed N

=

I
Ea=feror-hn)-bets-(-h)
Fan Esz
=

Ihn ta
Fse= Ayd=7455hn
t
0.45
*
fe

->
mm
Mperd= (Wpay Woan) Ayd
-
+
(w) fads

hu?) tyol
=(wpay -
tw +
( -

bi) Acd.0.05
In
b ↑
>Ups -- upa
 Mp1, Rd 511 kN -m

-)
=

Mmax Wpaylyd+P
=
Acd.0.85=551 4Nm

Npm, rd Acfcd.0.85 2N

I
= =

Nym,rd/g 1055 =
uN.

Magari-N.

a
#
#