CML Optimization Final
CML Optimization Final
Design to Reality
Mehdi Samadzadeh
BureauVeritas Angola
Samadzadeh.mm@gmail.com
What is Condition Monitoring Location
(CML)?
❖ CMLs are specific areas along the piping circuit where inspections are conducted. The nature of the CML varies
according to its location in the piping system. The allocation of CMLs shall consider the potential for service-
specific damage mechanisms; e.g. localized corrosion, as described in API 574 and API 571. Examples of different
conditions to be monitored at CMLs include wall thickness, stress cracking, CUI and high temperature hydrogen
attack.
4
Determining Criticality
❖ This entails understanding how the asset is designed, how it operates, its operating conditions
(e.g., temperature and pressure), process fluids, metallurgy, and associated level of risk or other
available measures of severity such as pipe class. Severity should be determined in order to
escalate placement of CMLs on circuits that are more likely to fail by means of degradation, or that
have a greater consequence of failure.
Corrosion model assessment
based on flow regime
Flow Regime Map
❖Importance of flow regime prediction:
✓ Reliable design
✓ Piping operability
✓ Prediction of corrosion and erosion
✓ Distribution of corrosion, hydrate formation, etc
✓ Inhibitor performance
map.
❖Flow regime map gives a description of the geometrical
distribution of a multiphase fluid moving through a pipe.
❖Challenge: Flow regime map will change with the change of
✓ Velocity of each phase
✓ Phase fraction
✓ Pipe diameter
✓ Inclination of pipe
Flow Regime in Horizontal Pipe
❖ Flow regimes in a horizontal pipe for gas-liquid system:
Flow Regime in Vertical Pipe
✓ Bubble flow
• Continuous liquid phase with dispersed bubbles of
gas
✓ Slug flow
• Large gas bubble (almost the size of pipe
diameter)
• Slug of liquid with small bubbles in between
✓ Churn flow
• Bubbles start to coalesce
• Elongated bubble
✓ Annular flow
• Gas becomes the continuous phase
• Droplets of liquid in the gas phase
Effect of Pipe Diameter on Regime Map
Effect of Pipe Inclination on Regime Map
✓ The MTC in the upstream straight pipe is 0.092 mm/s, Intrados after
the entrance MTC = 0.183 mm/s (Region I), Two sides or cheeks of
the intrados near the exit MTC = 0.172 mm/s (Region II), Extrados
✓ The numerical results of the Sh distribution along a single elbow are presented in Figurec, with Sh numbers of
✓ The Sh number at the upstream straight pipe section is 3308, so the enhancement ratios are 2.0, 1.9, and 1.7 in
the 3 regions.
Determine CML placement and allocation
✓ What effect will conditions, e.g. flow, upsets, intermittent operations, etc. have on anticipated
environments?
Performing Data Optimization and Determining
Appropriate CML Coverage
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
All High Medium Strt Fittings Internal Elbow External Elbow Tee 12 clock 06 clock
Scaffold 449
OverBoard 1133
Corrosion 431
Insulation 2745
PRACTICAL LIMITATIONS
Update MI Program Components and
Establish Ever-Greening
✓ Visually identifying new CMLs in the field
✓ Updating the Inspection Data Management System (IDMS) to reflect CML and Inspection Plan
updates
✓ Verifying a strong Management of Change (MOC) process is in place to ensure the CML
Optimization analysis remains valid and is appropriately reviewed if there are significant changes
in facility design or operations
Sample of Thickness Measurement Reading
(Inspection History)
5th
1st 1st 2nd 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th
3rd 4th Readi 6th 7th 8th
READI READIN READI READING Reding Reading Read Reading Reading Reading
Reding Reading ng Reading Reading Reading
NG G DATE NG DATE Date Date ing Date Date Date
Date
3.6 23/09/2012 4.02 15/04/2015 3.8 02/04/2016 3.71 01/02/2017 3.80 13/01/2019 3.66 15/12/2020
5.4 23/09/2012 3.99 15/04/2015 4.3 02/04/2016 4.27 01/02/2017 4.13 13/01/2019 4.30 15/12/2020
5.6 26/09/2012 3.95 15/04/2015 4.89 15/02/2016 4.52 25/12/2016 4.41 14/01/2019 4.03 17/12/2020
3.9 26/09/2012 4.15 15/04/2015 3.9 15/02/2016 3.91 25/12/2016 3.82 14/01/2019 3.64 17/12/2020
4.1 26/09/2012 4.26 15/04/2015 4.1 15/02/2016 4.08 25/12/2016 3.85 14/01/2019 3.90 17/12/2020
3.8 26/09/2012 4.02 15/04/2015 3.99 15/02/2016 4.1 25/12/2016 3.75 14/01/2019 3.81 17/12/2020
3.8 26/09/2012 3.98 15/04/2015 4.06 15/02/2016 3.94 25/12/2016 3.82 14/01/2019 3.79 17/12/2020
3.9 26/09/2012 3.89 15/04/2015 3.93 15/02/2016 3.85 25/12/2016 3.72 14/01/2019 3.76 17/12/2020
3.8 26/09/2012 3.71 15/04/2015 3.93 15/02/2016 3.94 25/12/2016 3.68 14/01/2019 3.55 17/12/2020
2.9 26/09/2012 3.93 15/04/2015 3.28 15/02/2016 3.63 25/12/2016 3.37 14/01/2019 3.42 17/12/2020
5.2 26/09/2012 4.02 15/04/2015 4.29 15/02/2016 4.1 25/12/2016 3.85 14/01/2019 3.83 17/12/2020
5.1 26/09/2012 5.62 15/04/2015 5.58 15/02/2016 5.27 25/12/2016 5.22 14/01/2019 5.12 17/12/2020
5.2 26/09/2012 5.8 15/04/2015 5.48 15/02/2016 5.63 25/12/2016 5.54 14/01/2019 5.53 17/12/2020
3.5 26/09/2012 4.23 15/04/2015 3.61 15/02/2016 3.66 25/12/2016 3.50 14/01/2019 3.61 17/12/2020
5.3 26/09/2012 4.12 15/04/2015 4.37 15/02/2016 3.96 25/12/2016 3.88 14/01/2019 3.74 17/12/2020
3.4 26/09/2012 4.16 15/04/2015 4.05 15/02/2016 3.79 25/12/2016 3.90 14/01/2019 3.95 17/12/2020
3.9 26/09/2012 4.04 15/04/2015 3.98 15/02/2016 4.03 25/12/2016 3.76 14/01/2019 3.95 17/12/2020
3.4 26/09/2012 3.82 15/04/2015 3.9 15/02/2016 3.92 25/12/2016 3.72 14/01/2019 3.75 17/12/2020
5.1 26/09/2012 4.01 15/04/2015 4.53 15/02/2016 4.1 25/12/2016 3.99 14/01/2019 4.00 17/12/2020
4.1 26/09/2012 3.91 15/04/2015 4.05 15/02/2016 3.96 25/12/2016 3.87 14/01/2019 2.12 17/12/2020
3.8 26/09/2012 4.07 15/04/2015 3.93 15/02/2016 3.82 25/12/2016 3.81 14/01/2019 3.80 17/12/2020
5.3 26/09/2012 5.12 15/04/2015 6.17 15/02/2016 5.7 25/12/2016 5.76 14/01/2019 5.58 17/12/2020
5.2 26/09/2012 4.74 15/04/2015 4.61 15/02/2016 4.52 25/12/2016 4.42 14/01/2019 4.54 17/12/2020
4 26/09/2012 4.23 15/04/2015 3.87 15/02/2016 4.1 25/12/2016 3.86 14/01/2019 4.28 17/12/2020
3.8 26/09/2012 4.26 15/04/2015 3.78 15/02/2016 4.03 25/12/2016 4.21 14/01/2019 3.98 17/12/2020
5.2 26/09/2012 6.12 15/04/2015 6.48 15/02/2016 6.07 25/12/2016 5.94 14/01/2019 5.92 17/12/2020
5.5 26/09/2012 4.21 15/04/2015 5.09 15/02/2016 4.67 25/12/2016 4.74 14/01/2019 4.69 17/12/2020
3.6 26/09/2012 4.11 15/04/2015 3.69 15/02/2016 3.94 25/12/2016 3.93 14/01/2019 3.05 17/12/2020
KPI
Conclusion
✓ Step 4: Identify Practical Limitations (but do not let ease of access drive the locations)