Essay 1 Draft 2

Guardiola 1
Jorge E Guardiola Jr
Professor Powers
English 1302-219
8 February 2023
Effects Of Coffee
Abstract
Coffee used by millions of people throughout the world is known to give the benefits of
given energy, endurance, and concentration. This experiment investigates the many effects a
non-consumer can experience while drinking coffee regularly.

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Introduction
All around the world coffee is enjoyed by millions of consumers that enjoyed the hot
taste of it or simply like the warming smell of brewing it. The effects of coffee on the other hand
are well unknown to the view of a non-consumer in comparison to a consumer. Various Studies
have been published on coffee under a certain topic. For Example, Adrian B. Hodgson et al have
shown that taking coffee one hour before an extensive workout improved endurance performance
compared to a person with no coffee. Moreover, research made by M. A. J. Mets et al showed
that drinking one cup of coffee while driving improved the alertness of the driver while on the
road. Many studies show the effects of coffee or caffeine under certain topics and audiences yet
forget about a broader audience, the non-consumer, and what possible effects the non-consumers
could experience while starting to consume coffee. While coffee does bring out more alertness
and endurance to consumers will it bring the same effects such as endurance, and alertness to
non-consumers? And will it change the perception of the effects of coffee?
Process of Experiment
To find out more about the effects of coffee on a non-consumer a five-day study was
conducted to examine the effects. Monday thru Friday, the research was conducted, and on
Monday, Wednesday, and Friday coffee was consumed by the volunteer while attending college
classes and the gym. On Tuesday and Thursday no coffee was consumed, yet the same activities
were done throughout the day. Starting at eight o’clock one cup and a half of coffee was served
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for the three consuming days. Monitoring the time the coffee was consumed helped look into
how long the effects took to affect the volunteer. Looking into the changes of the participant
from his day without coffee will determine the how the body reacts in
Alertness in driving
Among many factors that contributed to this experiment driving was one of the many that
was affected in the process. Throughout the week driving took place from the participants house
all the way to the college campus. An average of thirty minutes is done from the house to the
campus on Tuesday and Thursday. Slight drowsiness, slight daydreaming, and slow reactions
appeared on Tuesday and Thursday while driving at eight o’clock in the morning with no coffee
consumed. While on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday better arrival time was shown by the
participant ranging from fifteen to twenty minutes to arrive on campus. Better alertness, less
fatigue, and no drowsiness were shown with coffee. Research by M. A. J. Mets states that “one
regular cup of coffee also significantly improves driving performance and reduces driver
sleepiness” (Mets et al 341). Consuming coffee increases the attention and overall performance
of the driver through the increase of energy.
Better physical performance
Physical performance was another factor that increased with the use of coffee thru the
day. On Tuesday and Thursday, the participant felt the need of more energy to continue working
out more than forty-minutes. On the other hand, on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday while
working out for forty-minutes and having drank some coffee the participant had the sufficient
energy and strength to finish the workouts and sets in a moderate time while still having time to
go for a twenty-minute walk. As stated by Adrian B. Hodgson “coffee (5 mg/kg/BW) consumed

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1 h prior to exercise can improve endurance exercise performance” (Hodgson et al 1).
Furthermore, adding to this research is researcher Simmon Higgins “Endurance athletes
commonly ingest caffeine as a means to enhance training intensity and competitive
performance.” (Higgins et al 221). These statements demonstrate how coffee is beneficial and
demanded by athletes to gain better results.
Cognitive Performance
Another yet important factor affected by coffee is the processing of the mind. Monday,
Wednesday, and Friday showed improvements in being able to concentrate on discussions going
on in the class, concentrating on different routes and shortcuts while driving, and also showed
improvements in studying. Meanwhile, on Tuesday and Thursday staying concentrated on class
and staying concentrated while studying proved to be more difficult having the absence of
coffee. According to research by Yafei Yuan “Acting as a brain stimulant, coffee resulted in
heightening alertness, keeping arousal, improving executive speed, maintaining vigilance, and
promoting memory” (Yafei Yuan et al 1). The statement contributes to the experiment and how
coffee affects the cognitive function of maintaining concentration and being alert in class.
Overall, coffee brings assistance to the learning environment to build a good foundation for
understanding.
Discussion
Overall, the research conducted on the non-consumer participant showed that the effects
can affect the driving, physical, and cognitive function of the consumer. Driving performance
changed when arriving more early to campus on coffee days than when not drinking coffee.
More energy, alertness, and speed were gained when working. The cognitive function of the
participant increased with a higher concentration on class, and an increase in engaging in class
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discussions. The results showed that coffee brings out far better results when having one cup of
coffee in everyday activities with an increase in better alertness, and concentration when driving,
exercising, or studying. All in all, non-consumers will get the same benefits and effects as
someone who drinks coffee regularly and be able to optimize the outcome of activities.

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Guardiola 1

non-consumer can experience while drinking coffee regularly.

compared to a person with no coffee. Moreover, research made by M. A. J. Mets et al showed

non-consumers? And will it change the perception of the effects of coffee?

of the driver through the increase of energy.

Better physical performance

go for a twenty-minute walk. As stated by Adrian B. Hodgson “coffee (5 mg/kg/BW) consumed

1 h prior to exercise can improve endurance exercise performance” (Hodgson et al 1).

Furthermore, adding to this research is researcher Simmon Higgins “Endurance athletes

commonly ingest caffeine as a means to enhance training intensity and competitive

demanded by athletes to gain better results.

improvements in studying. Meanwhile, on Tuesday and Thursday staying concentrated on class

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