1.

The Brayton cycle which is used in aircraft, automotive is

a. a closed cycle
b. an open cycle
c. either closed or open cycle
d. cannot say
2. Which processes do occur in the Brayton cycle?
a. two reversible adiabatic processes and two reversible isochoric processes
b. two reversible adiabatic processes and two reversible isobaric processes
c. two reversible adiabatic processes and two reversible isothermal processes
d. two reversible adiabatic processes and two reversible isentropic processes
3. What is the effect of regeneration on net work output in Brayton cycle?
a. net work output decreases because of regeneration
b. net work output increases because of regeneration
c. net work output is not affected by use of regenerator
d. none of the above
4. If pressure ratio in Brayton cycle increases
a. the efficiency of the cycle increases
b. the efficiency of the cycle decreases
c. there is no any effect on the efficiency of the cycle
d. cannot say
5. What is a free-shaft turbine?
a. the separate turbine which is used only to run compressor
b. the separate turbine which is placed on another shaft on which the compressor is not
run
c. the separate turbine which is used only to run condenser
d. all of the above
6. Gas turbines are suitable for aircraft propulsion because
a. gas turbines are light weight
b. gas turbines are compact in size
c. gas turbines have a high power-to-weight ratio
d. all of the above
7. Why do the airplanes fly at higher altitude during the long flights?
a. to avoid collisions as they are at very high speed and controlling will be difficult if
something (like towers, hills) comes in the way
b. it is easy to communicate with satellites at high altitudes
c. to save the fuel as air at higher altitude exerts smaller drag force on aircraft
d. none of the above
8. The propulsive power developed by the thrust of engine is given by
a. mair (Vexit – Vinlet)
b. mair (Vexit – Vinlet) × Vaircraft
c. (Vexit – Vinlet) × Vaircraft
d. none of the above
9. The propulsive efficiency is the ratio of
a. the propulsive power to the energy input rate
 b. the exit velocity rate of exhaust gases to the energy input rate
c. the work done by the turbine to the energy input rate
d. velocity of aircraft to the energy input rate

10. In turbofan engine, the bypass ratio is the ratio of

a. total mass flow rate of exhaust stream to the mass flow rate of stream from turbine
exhaust
b. total mass flow rate of exhaust stream to the mass flow rate of stream from fan
exhaust
c. the mass flow rate of stream from turbine exhaust to the mass flow rate of stream from
fan exhaust
d. the mass flow rate of stream from fan exhaust to the mass flow rate of stream from
turbine exhaust
11. Which one of the following aero engines has the highest propulsive efficiency?
a. Turbojet engine without afterburner
b. Turbojet engine with afterburner
c. Turbofan engine
d. Ramjet engine
12. The stoichiometric fuel-to-air ratio in an aircraft engine combustor varies with the
compressor pressure ratio as follows:
a. Increases linearly
b. Decreases linearly
c. Is independent
d. Increases nonlinearly
13. Isentropic efficiencies of an aircraft engine operating at typical subsonic cruise
conditions with the following components – intake, compressor, turbine and
nozzle – are denoted by ηi, ηc, ηt and ηn respectively. Which one of the following is
correct?
a. ηi < ηc < ηt < ηn
b. ηt < ηi < ηc < ηn
c. ηc < ηt < ηti< ηn
d. ηc < ηi < ηt < ηn
14. Propulsion efficiency of a jet engine is
a. directly proportional to both the thrust power and the air mass flow rate
b. inversely proportional to both the thrust power and the air mass flow rate
c. directly proportional to the thrust power and inversely proportional to the air mass
flow rate
d. inversely proportional to the thrust power and directly proportional to the air mass
flow rate
15. For a quasi-one-dimensional isentropic supersonic flow through a diverging duct,
which of the following is true in the direction of the flow?
a. Both the Mach number and the static temperature increase.
b. The Mach number increases and the static temperature decreases.
 c. The Mach number decreases and the static temperature increases.
d. Both the Mach number and the static temperature decrease.
16. For the complete combustion of 1 mole of ethanol (C2H5OH), the required number
of moles of oxygen is
a. 3
b. 1
c. 2
d. 5
17. In a turbojet engine, the compressor outlet temperature increases with decreasing
efficiency of the compressor. If the turbine inlet temperature remains constant,
with decreasing efficiency of the compressor, the thrust specific fuel consumption
of the engine
a. decreases, as the heat input is lower.
b. remains unchanged.
c. increases, as the compressor needs more work input from the turbine.
d. decreases, as the thrust produced is higher.
18. The propulsive efficiency of a ramjet engine is lower than that of a low bypass
turbofan engine operating under the same conditions and producing the same
thrust, primarily because the ramjet engine
a. has larger kinetic energy lost in the exhaust jet.
b. has lower thrust power.
c. is not self-starting.
d. has higher thrust to weight ratio.
19. For a single stage subsonic compressor, which of the following statements about
the highest possible compressor pressure ratio (CPR) is correct?
a. CPR of an axial compressor > CPR of centrifugal compressor
b. CPR of an axial compressor < CPR of centrifugal compressor
c. CPR of an axial compressor = CPR of centrifugal compressor
d. CPR of any value can be attained with either an axial or a centrifugal compressor.
20. An airplane requires a longer ground roll to lift-off on hot summer days because
a. the thrust is directly proportional to free-stream density
b. the thrust is directly proportional to weight of the aircraft.
c. the lift-off distance is directly proportional to free-stream density.
d. the runway friction is high on hot summer days.
21. In an ideal gas turbine cycle, the expansion in a turbine is represented by
a. an isenthalpic process
b. an isentropic process
c. an isobaric process
d. an isochoric process.
22. A combustor is operating with a fuel-air ratio of 0.03. If the stoichiometric fuel-air
ratio of the fuel used is 0.06, the equivalence ratio of the combustor will be ______
(accurate to two decimal places).
a. 2.00
b. 0.50
 c. 0.02
d. 0.05
23. An aircraft with a turbojet engine flies at a velocity of 100 m/s. If the jet exhaust
velocity is 300 m/s, the propulsive efficiency of the engine, assuming a negligible
fuel-air ratio, is
a. 0.33
b. 0.50
c. 0.67
d. 0.80
24. An axial compressor that generates a stagnation pressure ratio of 4.0, operates
with inlet and exit stagnation temperatures of 300 K and 480 K, respectively. If the
ratio of specific heats (γ) is 1.4, the isentropic efficiency of the compressor is
a. 0.94
b. 0.81
c. 0.72
d. 0.63
25. A De Laval nozzle is to be designed for an exit Mach number of 1.5. The reservoir
conditions are given as Po = 1 atm (gauge). To = 20 °C, γ = 1.4. Assuming shock
free flow in the nozzle, the exit absolute pressure (in atm) is ___________ (in three
decimal places)
a. 0.545
b. 0.505
c. 0.600
d. 0.455
26. The maximum gas flow rate that can be handled by a multistage axial compressor
at a given rotational speed is dictated by
a. Compressor surge
b. Rotating stall
c. Choking
d. Optimum design pressure ratio
27. For a turbine stage, which one of the following losses occurs due to the turning of
the wall boundary layer through an angle due to curved surface?
a. Profile loss
b. Annulus loss
c. Tip clearance loss
d. Secondary flow loss
28. In the vane-less space between the impeller and the diffuser vanes in a centrifugal
compressor, the angular momentum varies in the following manner in the radial
direction
a. Increases
b. Remains constant
c. Decreases
d. First increases and then decreases
29. Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE across an oblique shock wave?
 a. Static temperature increases, total temperature remains constant
b. Static pressure increases, static temperature increases
c. Static temperature increases, total pressure decreases
d. Static pressure increases, total temperature decreases.
30. For a completely subsonic isentropic flow through a convergent nozzle, which of
the following statement is TRUE?
a. Pressure at the nozzle exit > back pressure
b. Pressure at the nozzle exit < back pressure
c. Pressure at the nozzle exit = back pressure
d. Pressure at the nozzle exit = total pressure.
31. Which of the following aircraft engines has the highest propulsive efficiency at a
cruising Mach number of less than 0.5?
a. Turbofan engine
b. Turbojet engine
c. Turboprop engine
d. Ramjet engine
32. Combustion in gas turbine engines is ideally represented as the following
process:
a. Adiabatic
b. Isentropic
c. Isobaric
d. Isochoric
33. An axial compressor operates such that it has an inlet and an exit total
temperature of 300 K and 430 K, respectively. The isentropic efficiency of the
compressor is 85 %. If the ratio of specific heats is 1.4, then the total pressure
ratio across the compressor is ____________.
a. 3
b. 4
c. 4.5
d. 2
34. An ideal gas in a reservoir has a specific stagnation enthalpy of h0. The gas is
isentropically expanded to a new specific stagnation enthalpy of h0/2 and velocity
u. the flow is one-dimensional and steady. Then u2/h0 =_________.
a. 1.0
b. 2.0
c. 0.5
d. 4.0
35. Air enters an aircraft engine at a velocity of 180 m/s with a flow rate of 94 kg/s. the
engine combustor requires 9.2 kg/s of air to burn 1 kg/s of fuel. The velocity of gas
exiting from the engine is 640 m/s. the momentum thrust (in N) developed by the
engine is
a. 43241
b. 45594
c. 47940
 d. 49779
36. A centrifugal air compressor is operating at the following conditions:
Inlet stagnation temperature = 288 K
Inlet stagnation pressure = 1.15 bar
Exit stagnation temperature = 454 K
Exit stagnation pressure = 4.8 bar

The energy loss due to non-isentropic compression per unit mass of flowing air
(ratio of specific heats, γ = 1.4 and specific heat at constant pressure, Cp = 1.005
kJ/kgK) is ___________ kJ/kg.

a. 10.9
b. 20.9
c. 25.8
d. 18.5
37. Hot gas (ratio of specific heats, γ = 1.33) at atemperature of 1450 K enters into an
axial turbine and expands isentropically. Assume that the kinetic energy of the
gas across the turbine is negligible. If the ratio of inlet to outlet pressures of the
turbine is 9.5, then the temperature (in K) of gas exiting the turbine is ________.
a. 725
b. 829
c. 809
d. 789
38. Match the appropriate engine (in right column) with the corresponding aircraft (in
left column) for most efficient performance of the engine.
a. Low speed transport aircraft i. Ramjet
b. High subsonic civilian aircraft ii. Turboprop
c. Supersonic fighter aircraft iii. Turbojet
d. Hypersonic aircraft iv. Turbofan
(A) a – iv, b – iii, c – i, d – ii
(B) a – ii, b – i, c – iii, d – iv
(C) a – i, b – ii, c – iv, d – iii
(D) a – ii, b – iv, c – iii, d – i
39. For a fifty percent reaction axial compressor stage, following statements are
given:
I. Velocity triangles at the entry and exit of the rotor are symmetrical
II. The whirl or swirl component of absolute velocity at the entry of rotor
and entry of stator are same.
Which of the following options are correct?
a. Both I and II are correct statements
b. I is correct but II is incorrect
c. I is incorrect but II is correct
d. Both I and II are incorrect
40. The specific thrust produced by a turbojet engine
a. Increases with increasing compressor pressure ratio
 b. Decreases with increasing compressor pressure ratio
c. Remains constant with increasing compressor pressure ratio
d. First increases and then decreases with increasing compressor pressure ratio
41. Consider two engines P and Q. In P, the high pressure turbine blades are cooled
with a bleed of 5% from the compressor after the compression process and in Q
the turbine blades are not cooled. Comparing engine P with engine Q, which one
of the following is NOT TRUE?
a. Turbine inlet temperature is higher for engine P
b. Specific thrust is higher for engine P
c. Compressor work is the same for both P and Q
d. Fuel flow rate is lower for engine P
42. The mass flow rate of air through an aircraft engine is 10 kg/s. The compressor
outlet temperature is 400 K and the turbine inlet temperature is 1800 K. The
heating value of the fuel is 42 MJ/kg and the specific heat at constant pressure is
1 kJ/kg-K. The mass flow rate of the fuel in kg/s is approximately ___________
a. 0.35
b. 0.0035
c. 3.5
d. 0.035
43. For a given inlet condition, if the turbine inlet temperature is fixed, what value of
compressor efficiency given below leads to the lowest amount of fuel added in the
combustor of a gas turbine engine?
a. 1
b. 0.95
c. 0.85
d. 0.8
44. A gas turbine engine is mounted on an aircraft which can attain a maximum
altitude of 11 km from sea level. The combustor volume of this engine is decided
based on conditions at
a. sea level
b. 8 km altitude
c. 5.5 km altitude
d. 11 km altitude
45. Which one of the following shows the CORRECT variation of stagnation
temperature along the axis of an ideal ram jet engine?
46. The ratio of flight speed to the exhaust velocity for maximum propulsion
efficiency is
a. 0.0
b. 0.5
c. 1.0
d. 2.0
47. The ideal static pressure coefficient of a diffuser with an area ratio of 2.0 is
a. 0.25
b. 0.50
c. 0.75
d. 1.0
48. The stagnation temperatures at the inlet and exit of a combustion chamber are 600
K and 1200 K, respectively. If the heating value of the fuel is 44 MJ/kg and specific
heat at constant pressure for air and hot gases are 1.005 kJ/kg.K and 1.147
kJ/kg.K respectively, the fuel-to-air ratio is
a. 0.0018
b. 0.018
c. 0.18
d. 1.18
49. A main objective of by-pass in a turbo-fan engine is to increase
a. mass flow rate through engine inlet
b. turbine inlet temperature
c. mass flow rate through exhaust nozzle
d. compressor pressure ratio
50. An aircraft is flying at M = 2 where the ambient temperature around the aircraft is
250 K. If the specific heat ratio for air γ = 1.4, the stagnation temperature on the
surface of the aircraft is
a. 200 K
b. 450 K
c. 350 K
d. 1450 K
51. The figure shows the T-S diagram for an axial turbine stage. Assuming specific
heat ratio of 1.33 for the hot gas, the isentropic efficiency of the turbine stage is
______% (round off to two decimal places).
a. 87.89
b. 89.89
c. 85.89
d. 90.00