(Roman English)

Zakaat ki farziyat
Quran mein Allah tala irshad farmate hain:
ٰ َ َ ُْ َ ْ َ َ ٰ َ ُ َٰ َ ٰ َ ُْ ْ َ َ
َ‫الرکِ ِع ْی‬ ‫و ا ِقیموا الصلوۃ و اُتا الزکوۃ و ارکعوا مع‬
Tarjuma: Aur namaz qaim karo, aur zakaat ada karo, aur ruku karne
walon ke sath ruku karo. (Surah e Baqarah:43)

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Zakaat kya hai?
Allah Ta’ala ki raza ke liye apne maal ki muqarrarah miqdaar kisi mustahiq
musalmaan ko maalik banaakar dedene ka naam “Zakaat’’ hai.
[Shami:6/445, Kitaabuz Zakaat]

Zakaat ki Fazeelat
Zakaat ada karne se maal ki hifaazat hoti hai aur maal ki buraaiyon aur us
ke fitnon se aadmi mehfooz hajata hai, Hadees Shareef mein hai: Jis shakhs
ne apne maal ki zakaat ada ki woh maal ke shar (burayi) se mahfooz hogaya.
[Tabrani Ausat:1579, Jabirؓ]

Zakaat ada na karne par waeed

Zakaat ada na karne par Qur’aan-o-Hadees mein bahot hi sakht sazaaein
bayaan ki gayi hain. Rasoolullah‫ ﷺ‬ka irshaad hai: Jin logon ko Allah Ta’ala
ne maal diya aur woh us ki zakaat ada nahin karte, qayaamat ke din un ka
ye maal ek bahot hi zehreele aur ganje saanp ki shakl mein saamne aayega
aur un ki gardan se lipat jayega aur un ke jabdon ko noch noch kar kahega:
Main tumhara jama kiya huwa maal hoon, main tumhara khazana hoon.
(Bukhari: 4103, Abu Hurairaؓ)

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Zakaat farz hone ki shartein
(1) Musalman hona. (2) Aazaad hona. (3) Aaqil hona. (4) Baaligh hona.
(5) Nisab ke baqadr maal ka maalik hona. (6) Nisaab ka buniyaadi
zarooraton aur qarz se khali hona. (Saheb e Nisab par itna qarz na ho ke
qarz ada karne ki surat mein nisaab ke baqadr maal baaqi na rahe).

Rehne ka makan, pahenne ke kapde, ghar ka saaz-o-samaan aur

istemaal ki sawari (gadi) insaan ki buniyadi zarooraton mein dakhil
hain.
(7) Nisab par qamri (Islami) saal ka guzar jana.
[Shami:6/452-455, Kitaab uz Zakaat]

Kis maal mein zakaat farz hai?

(1) Sona (Gold). (2) Chaandi. (Silver) (3) Rupiye Paise.
(4) Maal e Tijarat (Har wo cheez jise bechne ke irade se khareeda ho).
(5) Zameen ki paidawaar. (6) Maweshi (Paaltu Janwar).

Hajj ki niyyat se rakhe hue rupiyon par zakaat

Hajj ki niyyat se apne paas jama mukammal raqam mein bhi zakaat wajib
hogi, albatta agar hajj committee (Travel Agent) mein raqam jama kar di
gayi ho to us raqam mein se jahaz (flight) ka kiraya, muallim fees waghaira
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nikalne ke baad saudi riyal ki shakal mein milne wali raqam par zakaat
wajib hogi. (Kitab ul Masail:2/138)

Makaan banane ya bachiyon ki shadi karne ke

liye rakhi hui raqam par zakaat
Agar kisi ne makan banane ya bachiyon ki shadi karne ke liye apni raqam
ya sona chaandi ke zewaraat jama kar ke rakhe hon aur us darmiyan zakaat
ki adayegi ka waqt aagaya to us raqam aur zewaraat par zakaat wajib hogi,
albatta agar us raqam ya zewar ko apni baligh aulad ke hawale kar diya gaya
to us ki zakaat baligh aulad par lazim hogi aur agar na baligh aulad ke liye
us raqam ya zewar ko mukammal taur par mukhtas kar diya gaya to kisi par
bhi zakaat wajib nahi hogi.
(Fatawa Hindiya:1/ 172, Fatawa Mahmoodiyah:9/376)

Shares par zakaat

Agar kisi company ke shares kharid kar rakhe hue hon to unki maujooda
qeemat par zakaat wajib hogi yani ye nahi dekha jayega ke unhein kis qimat
par kharida tha, balke dekha jayega ke aaj unki kya qeemat hai aur usi hisab
se unki zakaat nikali jayegi.
(Imdadul Fatawa:2/12, Bahawala Kitab ul Masail:2/139)

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Fixed Deposit par zakaat
Agar kisi ne galati se apni raqam Fixed deposit karwadi to ye dain e qawi
(yaqini taur par wapas milne wali raqam) hai, is liye ke uska waqt e
muqarrara par milna yaqini hai, lehaza us jama raqam par har saal zakaat
wajib hogi, lekin us raqam par milne wale sood mein zakaat nahi, is liye ke
wo haram maal hai, is soodi raqam ko soodi masraf mein (masalan kisi
ghareeb, mohtaj ko bhaghair sawab ki niyyat ke) de dena zaroori hai.
(Durre Mukhtar:3/236)

Chitti mein jama shuda raqam par zakaat

Agar chitti ke taur par kisi ke paas apni raqam jama ki gayi, to us jama shuda
raqam par zakaat lazim hogi, albatta agar chitti pehle uth gayi aur
mukammal raqam leli gayi lekin abhi chitti ki qistein ada karni baqi hai to
aisi surat mein jitne rupiye ada karne hain unhein minha karke (unhe Nikal
kar) hasb e zaabta zakaat lazim hogi. (Kitab ul Fatawa:3/283, Waghaira)

PF par zakaat
Mulazmeen ki tankhahon se jo raqam zabardasti PF ke naam se kaat li jati
hai us par zakaat lazim nahi, albatta mulazmat khatm hone par jab ye raqam
mulazim ko milegi us par ainda saal se hasb e zaabta zakaat lazim hogi aur
agar PF ke naam se raqam ka kaatna ikhtiyari ho, yani company ki taraf se
us raqam ke jama karne aur na karne ka ikhtiyar ho, mulazim par zaroori na
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ho aur mulazim jab chahe us raqam ko nikal kar apne istemal mein lasakta
ho, to aisi PF ke naam se jama raqam par zakaat wajib hogi. (Kitab ul
Masail:2/148)

Heere (Diamonds), Moti (Pearls) par zakaat

wajib nahi
Heere, moti aur jawaheraat, jin ke sath sona, chaandi laga hua na ho, unhein
agar tijarat ki niyyat se nahi kharida gaya to un par zakaat wajib nahi hogi.
(Maraqi ul Falah:39)

Rahen rakhe hue zewar ya saman par zakaat

Agar koi zewar ya saman rahen par rakhaya gaya ho, to jab tak wo rahen
(zewar ya samaan rakhane wale) ke qabze mein na aajaye unki zakaat na
rahin par lazim hogi na murtahin par (jis ke paas zewar ya samaan rakha kar
qarz liya gaya) aur rahin jab unhein chudha kar qabza kar lega, us waqt se
ainda saal unki zakaat ada ki jayegi, murtahin ke qabze mein hone ki haalat
mein jitni muddat guzri, utni muddat ki zakaat wajib na hogi.
(Fatawa Hindiya:1/172, Shami:3/180)

Ghair tijarati cheezon par zakaat wajib nahi hai

Makan, dukan, kaar khana, bartan, kapde, kitabein, furniture, silayi
machine, gadi, kiraye par di jani wali cheezein, sanati aalaat aur wo
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machines jo saman tayyar karti hain aur khud baqi rehti hain chahe kitni hi
qeemat ki hon, un par zakaat farz nahi hai, albatta agar unme se koi bhi
cheez tijarat ki hai, to us par zakaat farz hai.
(Shami:6/471, Kitab uz zakaat)

Sone chaandi ki bani hui tamaam cheezon par

zakaat farz hai
Sone chaandi ki bani hui tamam cheezon par zakaat farz hai, jaise sone
chaandi ke zewarat, bartan, sikke (coins), tamghe (medals) waghaira.
(Shami:7/76, Babu Zakaatil Maal)

Tijarat ki niyyat se jo bhi cheez kharidi jaye

Tijarat ki gharz se jo bhi cheez khareedi jaye us par zakaat farz hai, khwah
wo zameen ho ya koi aur samaan, is liye zakaat nikaalte waqt dukan mein
jitni cheezein bechne ki hon un sab ki qeemat ka hisaab laga kar zakaat
nikaalna farz hai. (Badaye us Sanaye:2/2, Kitab uz Zakaat)

Zakaat ka Nisaab
Jin maalon mein zakaat farz hai, shareeat ne un ki khaas khaas miqdaar
muqarrar kardi hai; maal ki usi khaas miqdaar ko “Nisaab” kehte hain, Jab
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nisaab ki miqdaar kisi ke paas poori ho jaye, to us par zakaat farz ho jaati
hai aur aise shakhs ko “Saahib e Nisaab” kehte hain.
(1) Sone (Gold) ka Nisaab: 87gm 480mg hai.
[Shami: 7/68, Babu Zakaatil Maal, Ahsanul Fataawa: 4/254]
(2) Chaandi (Silver) ka Nisaab: 612gm 360mg hai.
[Shami: 7/68, Babu Zakaatil Maal, Ahsanul Fataawa: 4/254]
(3) Rupiye Paise (Liquid Cash) ka Nisaab: Rupiya paisa; Sona ya
Chaandi mein se kisi ek ke nisaab ki qeemat ke baraabar ho.
[Shami: 7/81, Babu Zakaatil Maal]
(4) Maale Tijaarat ka nisaab: Maale Tijaarat; sona ya chaandi mein se
kisi ek ke nisaab ki qeemat ke baraabar ho.
[Shami:7/81, Babu Zakaatil Maal]

Tambeeh: Aaj kal chaandi ki qeemat sone ke muqaable mein kai guna
kam hone ki wajah se chaandi ka nisaab jald poora ho jata hai, is liye
chaandi ke nisaab ki qeemat dekhi jaati hai.
Zakaat ki miqdaar: Sona, Chaandi, Rupiya Paisa aur maal e Tijaarat ki
Zakaat mein poore maal ka 40th hissa (2.5%) dena farz hai.
[Shami: 7/75, Babu Zakaatil Maal]
(5) Zameen ki paidawar: Zameen ki paidaawaar jitni miqdaar mein bhi
ho usme 10th hissa (10%) zakaat hai jis ko “Ushr” kaha jata hai.

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(6) Maweshi: Maweshi mein se bakri, gaaye, bail, oont (camel) waghaira
mein zakaat farz hone ke mukhtalif nisaab shareeat ne muqarrar kiye hain
aur un mein zakaat ki miqdaar bhi mukhtalif rakhi hai.

Zakaat mein kitna maal dena chahiye

Zakaat kul maal ka chaliswan hissa (2.5%) dena zaroori hai masalan 100
Rupiye mein se dhai Rupees ek hazaar Rupees mein 25 Rupees, 10 hazar
mein se 250 Rupees aur ek lakh mein se dhai hazar Rupees.(Hindiya:1/178)

Zakaat mein qeemat e farokht ka aitbaar hoga

Maal e tijarat ho, ya sona, chaandi, sharee aitebar se har ek mein qeemat e
farokht ka aitebar hoga, masalan tajir insaaf aur ehtiyaat ke sath apne saman
e tijarat ki qeemat lagaye ke jab ye saman farokht hoga to mujhe us ke itne
paise milenge is tarah qeemat ka tayyun kar ke us ke hisaab se zakaat ada
kare. (Fiqhi Maqalat:3/168)

Aur sone chaandi ki zakaat nikaalna ho to ye dekhe ke itne wazan ka sona

chaandi bazar mein kitni qeemat par milta hai? Phir usi aitebar se zakaat
nikali jaye, aur uski bhi gunjayish hai ke humare paas maujood sona chaandi
bazar mein jitni qeemat par farokht hota hai utni qeemat ke aitebar se zakaat
nikali jaye, masalan bazar me sone ki qeemat e kharid 40 hazar rupiye fi
tola hai, lekin agar ham apna ek tola sona farokht karein, to wo 36 hazar

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mein farokht hota hai to sone ki zakaat 36 hazar rupiye fi tola ke aitebar se
bhi ada ho jayegi. (Fatawa Darul Uloom zakariyya africa:3/132)

Sona chaandi dono nisaab se kam hon

Agar kisi ke paas sona ya chaandi dono hon, lekin kisi ek ka nisaab pura
na ho, to dono ko mila kar qeemat lagayi jayegi, agar dono ki qeemat mil
kar sone ya chaandi mein se kisi ek ke nisaab ko pahunch jaye, to zakaat
farz ho jayegi. [Shami:7/89, Babu Zakaatil Maal]

Qarz daar par zakaat

Agar kisi ke paas nisaab ke barabar ya us se ziyada maal hai aur us ke zimme
qarz bhi hai to qarz ki miqdaar nikaalne ke baad nisaab ke baqadr maal rehta
hai to baqiya raqam ki zakaat ada karna farz hai aur agar nisaab ke baqadr
maal nahi rehta hai to zakaat farz na hogi.
(Shami:6/456, Kitaab uz Zakaat)

Qarze mein di gayi raqam par zakaat

Agar sahab e nisaab ka doosre ke zimme qarz ho ya doosre ke zimme saman
e tijarat ki qeemat ho to doosri cheezon ke sath us ki bhi zakaat ada karde
aur is ki bhi gunjaish hai ke jab qarz ya saman e tijarat ki qeemat wasool ho
us waqt pichle saalon ki bhi zakaat ada kare, Albatta aisa qarz jis ke milne
ki bilkul ummeed na ho us par zakaat farz nahi.
[Shami:7/ 97،Babu Zakaatil Maal]
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Zakaat ada karna kab farz hai?
Zakaat ka jo nisaab shareeat ne muqarrar kiya hai us ke maalik hone ke baad
qamari (islami) tareekh ke aitebar se jis tareekh ko ek saal mukammal ho
jaye us tareekh ko zakaat ki adayegi farz ho jati hai.
Zakaat ki adayegi ke liye shareeat mein Ramazan ka maheena mutayyan
nahi hai, balke har aadmi ke liye zakaat ka maheena aur tareekh alag alag
hai, jis shakhs ke paas qamari mahine ki jis tareekh mein nisaab ke baqadr
maal aaye, us ke liye hamesha wahi tareekh zakaat ke hisaab ke liye
mutayyan rahegi. Lihaza wo shakhs usi tareekh mein zakaat ada karne ka
ehtemam kare, Ramazan ka intezar na kare, takheer karna buri baat hai.
[Shami:6/485,497, Kitab uz Zakaat]

Maslan ek shakhs 2/Safar 1431H ko pehli baar nisaabe zakaat ka maalik

hua, saal ke darmiyaan maal ghatta badhta raha lekin agle saal 2 Safar
1432H ko us ke paas nisaab ke baqadr ya us se zyaada maal maujood hai to
us shakhs par apni milkiyat mein maujood sona, chaandi, naqd raqm, bank
mein mahfooz raqm, tijaarati plot aur dukaan mein maujood tijaarati
samaam waghaira; sab ki majmooi (collective) qeemat jod kar 2.5% ke lihaz
se zakaat ada karna farz hai.
[Shami:7/40, 46, Babu Zakaatil Ganam]

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Dukan ya Makan ke advance raqam par zakaat
Deposit ki raqam ka maalik chunke kirayedar hota hai aur dukan ya makan
khali karne ke mauqe par ye raqam us ko wapas bhi kardi jati hai, is liye
iski zakaat Deposit rakhane wale kiraye daar par wajib hogi, aur agar kiraye
daari ka muamla qareebi waqt ke liye hai, to ye raqam dain e qawi ke darje
mein hogi aur raqam wasool hone ke baad guzishta saalon ki zakaat bhi ada
karni zaroori hogi. Aur agar kiraye dari ke muamle me koi waqt muqarrar
nahi hai to ye raqam dain e mutawassit ya dain e zaeef ke darje me hogi aur
wasool karne ke baad sabiqa saalon ki zakaat kiraye daar par ada karni
zaroori na hogi. (Kitabun Nawazil:12/298)

Kiraya ke makan par zakaat

Agar kisi ne gadiyan ya ghar waghaira kiraye par dene ki niyyat se kharide
to un par zakaat nahi, Albatta usse hasil hone wali aamadni par hasb e zaabta
zakaat lazim hogi. (Addar Ma’arrad:3/183)

Sahib e nisaab banne ki tareekh yaad na ho to

Agar sahab e nisaab banne ki qamari tareekh yaad na ho to gaur-o-fikr ke
baad jis tareekh ka zan e ghalib ho wo mutayyan hogi. Agar kisi tareekh ka
Zan e ghalib na ho to khud koi qamri tareekh mutayyan karle.
[Ahsanul Fatawa:4/255]

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Saal mukammal hone se pehle zakaat ada karna
Agar nisaab e zakaat par saal mukammal hone se pehle koi zakaat ada karna
chahe to us ki ijazat hai. [Shami:7/59, Babu Zakaatil Ganam]

Pure maal par saal guzarna zaroori nahi hai

Saal ke darmiyan jo maal badha us par saal ka guzarna zaroori nahi hai, saal
ke mukammal hone se ek din pehle tak jo bhi maal aayega us ki zakaat
nikaalna farz hai. [Shami:7/40.46, Babu Zakaatil Ganam]

Masarif e Zakaat
Kin logon ko zakaat dena jaiz hai?
(1) Faqeer: Wo shakhs jo sahib e nisaab na ho aur na us ke paas nisaab ke
baqadr zaroorat se zaid samaan ho. [Shami:7/205, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]
(2) Miskeen: Wo shakhs jis ke paas kuch bhi na ho.
[Shami:7/208, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]
(3) Qarzdaar: Wo shakhs jis ke zimme logon ka qarz ho aur us ke paas
itna maal na ho ke qarz ada karne ki surat mein nisaab ke baqadr maal
baqi rahe. [Shami:7/219, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]
(4) Musafir: Wo shakhs jo haalat e safar mein mohtaaj ho gaya ho (chahe
apne watan mein maaldar ho) use baqadr e zaroorat zakaat dena jaiz hai.
[Shami:7/223, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]
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Kin logon ko zakaat dena jaiz nahi?
(1) Wo shakhs jis par zakaat farz ho, aisa shakhs shareeat ki nigaah mein
“Maaldaar” hai. [Shami:7/237, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]
(2) Wo shakhs jis par zakaat to farz na ho lekin zaroorat se zaaid zameen,
makan ya koi aur saman furniture, bartan wagaira us ke paas maujood ho
aur us ki qeemat nisaab ke baqadr ho.[Shami:7/238, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]
(3) Maan baap, Dada, dadi, Nana nani upar tak.
[Shami:7/230, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]
(4) Beta beti, Pota poti, Nawasa nawasi neeche tak.
[Shami:7/230, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]
(5) Shohar, Biwi. [Shami:7/226, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]
(6) Ghair muslim. [Shami:7/249, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]
(7) Maldaar aadmi ki nabalig aulad. [Shami:7/237, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]
(8) Sayed aur Bani Hashim (Abbas, Haris aur Abu Talib ki aulad).
[Shami:7/245, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]

Masla: Zakaat ke paise se kunwan (well) khudwana, sadak (road) banwana,

masjid ke liye zameen khareedna waghaira jaiz nahi hai, is liye ke zakaat ki
adayegi ke sahi hone ke liye mustahiq ko us ka maalik banana shart hai.
[Shami:7/226, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]
Masla: Zakaat ki niyyat se qarz maaf karne se zakaat ada nahi hogi.
[Shami:7/494, Kitab uz Zakaat]
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Masla: Kisi ek hi aadmi ko nisaab ke baqadr zakaat ka maal dedena
makrooh hai aur jab kisi mustahiq ke paas nisaab ke baqadr maal jama ho
jaye to use zakaat dena jaiz nahi. [Shami:7/226, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]

Kin logon ko zakaat dena afzal hai?

Sab se pehle apne rishtedar bhai behen aur un ki aulad, chacha, phupi, khala,
mamu, saas, susar, damaad waghaira mein se jo zaroorat mand hon un ko
zakaat dena afzal hai. Is ke baad apne padosiyon ya apne shaher ke logon
mein se jo zyada zaroorat mand hon, phir jis ko dene mein deen ka zyada
nafa ho jaise ilme deen ke talaba, In logon ko zakaat dene mein dohra
sawaab hai. [Shami:7/230, Babu Masrafiz Zakaat]

Zakaat ki adayegi
Zakaat ada karte waqt niyyat zaroori hai
Zakaat ada karte waqt ya zakaat ka maal alag karte waqt zakaat ki niyyat
zaroori hai, yani dil mein irada ho ke zakaat nikaal raha hun. Baghair niyyat
ke zakaat ada na hogi, haan Albatta kisi ko zakaat keh kar dena zaroori nahi,
balke hadya keh kar de to bhi zakaat ada ho jayegi.
[Shami:6/489, Babu Zakaatil Maal]

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In cheezon se bhi zakaat ada ki ja sakti hai
Zakaat mein sona, chaandi, tijarati maal, ya un ki qeemat se kapda, ghalla
ya koi aur samaan khared kar dena bhi jaiz hai.
[Fatawa Darul Uloom:6/215]

Zakaat ki adayegi ke liye maalik banana zaroori

hai
Zakaat ki adayegi ke liye mustahiq ko zakaat ke maal ka maalik banana
zaroori hai, lehaza agar kisi ko qarz diya phir baad mein zakaat ki niyyat
karli to zakaat ada nahi hogi, Albatta agar shuru hi se zakaat ki raqam qarz
ya hiba ke naam se zakaat ki niyyat se di gayi to zakaat ada ho jayegi, baad
mein us raqam ka mutaalba na kare. (Shami:3/187)

Zakaat ki raqam kaam ki ujrat mein dena

Agar zakaat ki raqam kisi kaam ki ujrat (wage or salary) ke taur par di jaye,
to zakaat ada nahi hogi. (Annahar Ul Faaiq:1/412)

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Ek mustahiq ko zyada miqdaar mein zakaat
dena
Kisi mustahiq ko itni miqdaar mein zakaat ka maal dena ke wo sahib e
nisaab ban jaye makrooh hai, haan agar wo sahib e ayal hai to us ko itni
raqam di ja sakti hai ke agar wo apne ahl o ayal ke darmiyan us ko taqseem
kare to har ek ke hisse mein nisaab se kam hi aye.
(Shami:2/353, Babul Masraf)

Zakaat ki raqam masjid mein dena

Zakaat ki raqam masjid ya masjid ke musallon ya pankhon (fans) ki
khareedari ke liye dena jaiz nahi, agar dedi jaye to zakaat ada nahi hogi.
(Addar Ma’arrad:2/344)

Ghareeb ladki ki shadi mein zakaat dena

Ghareeb ladki ki shadi mein zakaat ki raqam se mehez khana pakwana ya
deegar intezamaat mein use kharch kar dene se zakaat ada nahi hogi, balke
zakaat ki adayegi ke liye us ghareeb ladki ko zakaat ke maal ka maalik
banana zaroori hai, khwah raqam ki shakal mein ya saman ki shakal mein,
phir wo jahan chahe kharach kar sakti hai. (Annahar ul Faaiq:1/412)

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Biwi ke zewaraat ki zakaat shoher par lazim
nahi
Biwi ke zewaraat waghaira ki zakaat shoher par lazim nahi aur agar shoher
ki janib se biwi ke zewaraat ki zakaat ada karne ka mamool ho to zakaat ada
ho jayegi aur ye shohar ka ehsaan hoga.
(Addar Ma’arrad:3/317)
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Compiled by: Mufti Obaid Shareef Sahab Qasmi
(Islamic Scholar, Zaademuslim Islamic Centre)

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ZaadeMuslim Islamic Centre propagates Islamic knowledge relating to every aspect of life through
Online and Offline channels in a simplified way.
•Publish Videos, Images, Booklets, etc on Social media platforms.
•Conducts Workshops and short-term Courses both Physical and Online.
•Provides Shariah guidance on WhatsApp.

SHARIAH HELPLINE & CONTACT:

Ask your Masail or send your queries on our WhatsApp.
Please send a text message or audio.
Contact: +91 9705414207

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